USRE14501E - Ments - Google Patents

Description

A. L. LAMAR.

KEROSENE VAPORIZER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23|1918.

Reissued Aug. 13, 1918. V 1 4,501.

INVEN TOR a M 1m ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. ALEXIS L. LAMAR, OF PITTSI BURG, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGN- MEN TS, TO CHABLESF. DIKE, OF JOPLIN, MISSOURI.

KEBOSENE-VAPORIZER.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. R igsued Aug. 13, 1918.

Original No. 1,222,548, dated April 10, 1917, Serial No. 109,437, filed July 15, 1916. Application for reissue filed March 23, 1918. Serial No. 224,348.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXIS L. LAMAR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, (address 114 W. Monroe street,) in the county of Crawford and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Kerosene-Vaporizers; and I (lb hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of. the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

This invention relates to vaporizer-s, and more particularly to a vaporizer for an in- 5 t'ernal combustion engine.

The principal object of the invention is the provision of a deviceof the above stated character, whereby' thliquid fuel such as kerosene, gasolene, alcohol, etc, is eflicicntly vaporized so as to produce a highly comlmstible mixture of fuel and air. 7 Another object of the invention is the provision of adevice embodying an intake manifold having an exhaust manifold arranged therein, whereby the heat of the exhaust gases from the engine will be sufiicient to completely and readily vaporize the kerosene passing through the intake manifold.

further object of the invention is the formation of heat conducting pins on the interior surface and exterior surface of the exhaust manifold, whereby a greater transfer of heat may be accomplished.

A further objcct of the invention is the provision of means for introducing gasoleno intothe intake manifold for an initial starting of the engine.

And a still further object of the im'ention is the provision of means for introducing a 40 stream of water of any preferred size within the intake manifold.

" 'ith these and other objects in view as v will :IDPPHI'HS the description proceeds, the invention comprises the various novel featurcs of construction, combination and ar- -rangemcnt of parts as will be more fully described hereinafter and set forth with particularity in the appended claims. Referring m the drawings,

Figure 1 is'a detail perspective view or my improved kerosene vaporizer attachcdto an ordinary four cylinder engine block.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional reference numeral 6.

view through the vaporizer, showing a conventional form of kerosene carbureter attached thereto.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail elevation of a portion of the attaching means, and

Fig. 5 is a detail elevation of the remaining portion of the attaching means.

Similar characters of reference are used to denote like parts throughout the accompanying drawings and the following description.

Referring more particularly to the draw ings, my improved vaporizer is shown to consist of an air and fuel intake manifold 1, which comprises in this instance, a horizontally disposed cylindrical manifold pipe 2,

which has an inclined extension 3 that extends downwardly below the manifold pipe 2 at an acute angle thereto.

Disposed longitudinally through the intake manifold 2 is an exhaust manifold 4 which projects beyond the end 5 of the intake manifold a suitable distance where the end is closed, as clearly indicated by the The opposite end of the exhaust manifold extends beyond the opposite end 7 of the intake manifold a suitable distance and then extends downwardly at an angle to form the main exhaust outlet. 8. A suitable pipe, not shown, is connected to said main exhaust outlet and leads to the muffler of the engine. The exhaust manifold 'i'. which is horizontally disposed through the intake manifold 'is provided with a branch pipe!) which extends downwardly through the center of the extension 3 of the intake manifold. This branch pipe 9 extends through the inclined intakcpipc 3 to a point beyond the end 10 thereof.

A butterfly valve 11 is arranged in the branch exhaust pipe 9 below the lower end 10 of the intake manifold and is provided with a bell crank arm 12 to which may be connected a pull rod, not shown, whereby the butterfly *alve 11 may be opened to allow a desired portion of the exhaust gases to exhaust through branch pipe 9 to the atmosphcre. Extending rearwardly from the exmanifold atian acute tension 3 ofthc int I riz'oiital intake pipe 13,

angle thereto is a which in this instance, is formed integral with the section 3. Any suitable orwell known form of carbureter, such as conventionally shown and indicated by 14, may be used and connected to the intake pipeex tension 3. Connected, to this carbureter 14 is a supply pipe 15 which leads to the carbu; reter from any suitable source of supply, not shown. a

The horizontally-disposed portion of the exhaust manifold arranged within the intake manifold 2, and the angularly anddownwardly extending extension 9 arranged within the extension 3, are formed with heat conducting pins 16 on the outer and inner surfaces of the manifolds.

. While I have shown these heat conducting pins formed and arranged on both the inner and outer surfaces ofthe exhaust manifold pipes, I desire to have it understood that if desired, they may be formed and used on either one of the inner or outer, surfaces of the exhaust manifold pipes or may be omitted. "The horizontally disposed intake manifold is formed with nipples 16' that are designed to seat within the intake openings 17 of the engine cylinders 18. These nipples are provided with outlet openings 19, through which vaporized gases enter the engine. l p

The exhaust manifold pipe 4 is formed with nipples or extensions 20 that extend through theintakemanifold 2- and com-- municate with the interior of the exhaust manifold 4. These nipples 20 are also seated in the exhaust openings 21 of the en ginc cylinders 18. Additional nipples 22 are formed integral with the exhaust-manifold 4 at points beyond and adjacent the oppositeends of the intake manifold 2, and likewise have their-outer ends seated within the exhaust openings 21" of the engine cylinders.-.-

In order to attachriiy improved kerosene vaporizer to the engine cylinders, I employ in this instance, T bolts 23 that-have the outer ends of the stems 24 threaded and passed through bores formed between the cylinders of the-engine and. are secured therein by the nuts 25 threadedly connected 1 to their ends. Each of the T bolts 23 is formed with a head 26 having perforations 27 at its opposite end and through which are designed to pass the threaded ends of U-bolts 28, which latter are secured in place "by nuts29 threadedly connected to the ends of the U-bolts.

I While I have. shown two of these fastening on securing means, in Fig. 1 of the draw-. ings, it is to be understood'that any desired number of these securing means may. be employed to rigidly and firmly hold the vaporizer in position.

ped into or threadedly connected with the intake manifold extension 3 is a valve 30 which is provided with a valve stem 31 that is designed to extend upwardly to the, automobile dash within easy reach of thedriver. Connected to. this valve 30 is a gasolene pipe 32. By the use of this valve an. initial supply of gasolene may be allowed to enter the intake manifold to give the enginean initial start. In starting'the engine, gasolene isadmitted through this valve 30 on which to run the-motor until 1 the exhaust pipe has become sufiiciently heated'by the passage of the burnt gases therethrough, to thoroughly vaporize. the air and. kerosene mixture that p is being s'ucked ifinto the intake inanifoldfrom the carbureter. 14. When the exhaustpipeshave become fsufliciently heated to thoroughl vaporize the kerosene, the valve 30 is close whence it will be seen that the engine will run entirely upon the kerosene vapor or gas. A valve 33 is tapped into or-threadedly connected to the intake manifold 2 and is provided. with a valve stem 34 that extends upwardly to the dash of the automobile.

within easy reach of the operator. A water pipe 35 is connected tothis valve which leads to the valve from any suitable source of supply. By the provision of .this valve 33, -it will be apparent that a stream' of water of any desired size may be introduced into the intake manifold or the vaporizer, where it will be instantl converted into steam for comminglingwith the vaporized kerosene and hot air. This steam will not only help to more thoroughly vaporize the kerosene within the intake manifold but will to a great extent assist in the removal of any carbon that may be within the engine cylinder and also prevent the rapid accumulation of carbon in the cylinders.

' In operation of the device for starting, the usual cranking of the engine by hand or other desired means, will produce the usual suction through the intake passage, I

thus drawin air through inlet 15, carbureter 1 1, horizontal intake pipe '13, inclined intake extension 3, intake manifold 2 and intake passages 1919 leading to the cylinders of the engine The draft current thus induced will be mixed with liquid fuel spray, vaporand gas in its passage through the carbureter 14 after the manner characteris tic of such devices. If the liquid fuel in the carbureter is kerosene or other hydrocarbon of insuflicient volatilizing quality, or if the carburetor is inefiicient or the weather too cold, the liquid fuel in the air draft may not be diifused, subdivided or gasified sulii-' ciently to give an explosion when subjected tojthe igniting spark in the cylinder of the engine. In such case the valve 30 may be opened sufficiently m permit a desired amount of gasolene to enter the intake manifold. The gasolen'e being far more volatile than the kerosene will be more or less-vaporized and gasified, thus enriching or priming the intake air with a more readily combustible constituent. The intake draftmixture bein primed by the 'gas'olcne supplied through va ve 30, or in p a .other desired way will then reach the c finders in the explosive condition, so that t e engine will startand will take up its gusual cycle of operation.

Any excess gasolene or kerosene falling onthe inclined wall of extension 3 will flow down to the oint of its acute angle junction with horlzontal intake pi e 13 where it {will naturally fall by gravity into the center 15 of the ii -rushing air draft. The acute an le deflection of the draft at this point, as a so the deflections at other points in the intake assage, will cause drops of liquid fuel too rge for explosive combustion to be projected against the walls of the intake passages.1 at each bend or obstruction. Such drops naturall 'drain back down the inclined trough ormed by the lower wall of atheintake 3 and are repeatedly subjected to 26 the.incoming draft until ultimately vaporizedor broken up into very fine particles or else be drained back into the carbureter through .-pipe 13. Thus the inclination of w tension pipe 3 and its acute angle 'rela- 30 tion to horizontal intake 13 results in carbureting, mixing and drying the -intake draft mixture.

At. this time or previously, the cut out ..l ye11,. ,will,be opened so as to permit free 5N5 isphargeof the exhaust through the auxiliaryf'on. branch exhaust pipe 9. When the engine has been run sufliciently to cause the burnt exhaust gases to heat the exhaust nanifoldto the required degree, the heat 40 thusapplied will be suflicient to readily and quickly vaporize the kerosene content of the intake, draft which has been supplied to it by the carbureter 14. When this hap ens, the valve 30 is closed, thus cutting o the 46 supply of gasolene and permitting the motor .to run entirely on the air and kerosene mixture that is being sucked in from the carbureter. Y ,;During. the operation of the device, the auxiliary exhaust valve 11 affords a means for controlling the heating effect of the exhaus t manifold on draft mixture in the surrounding intake manifold and under; noral c o nditions of operation, when the 'weatherlis nottoo cold, the liquid fuel not too' low grade or the'carbureter not too inefii'cint, saidvalve 11 may be kept nearly or quite closed. This is an im ortant feature 55; asis well known int c art of kerosome carburation, it is'very undesirable to exposa'the .intake draft to a tem erature 1 willgdistil or crack the erosene or tjfa,%emperature which will too greatly I Jand thus. decrease the total ty o'f'filrand combustible which will v be drawn into the cylinders of the engine. Even with the valve 11 completely shut off,

the branch exhaust 9 will be heated by c onduction so as to be quite hot at the upper end and progressively cooled toward the intake at the lower end, so that the entering mixture of air and liquid fuel will proceed continuously from cooler to hotter regions and willfind no intermediate cooling spots where recondensation of the liquid fuel could occur.

l/Vhenever found desirable for hill climb- 1 ing or other special conditions, the valve 11 may be opened so to allow the exhaust gases to pass freely-through branch pipe 9.

This will quickly heat it to a temperature which will cause more effective vaporizing of the kerosene. Y 7 Thus it will be seen that a complete and efficient carbureting of the intake draft may be had in operation of the device by the heat derived from the exhaust gases passing either through the main exhaust pipe alone, or partly, through it and partly through the auxiliary branch exhaust 9,. according as conditions may require.

While the intake manifold constituting my present invention has been mainly em-' ployed by me in connection with a well known. type of carbureter designed for gas-- olene, but using kerosene as a fuel, it will be readily understood that any known or desired form of carbureter may be employed and that While kerosene is one of the typi v pedients for injecting supplemental .sup-

plies of Water and gnsolene in the manifold, are omitted.

I claim:

1. An engine manifold comprising an indisposed manifold pipe, and an extension pipe extending downwardly .from the horizontal section, a hydrocarbon intake pipe connected to the lower end. of. said depending extension, said intake manifold being provided with outlet openings, an exhaust manifold disposed through and within the intake manifold in spaced relation tothe walls thereof, an exhaust pipe extensiondisposed through and in spaced relation. tothc I walls of the depending section ofihe intake I .115 take manifold consisting of a horizontally manifold, and a valve arranged in the lower .end of said exhaust pipe extension adapted. to control the heat transmitting efficiency of manifold;

2. Anengine manifold comprising an intake manifold having outlet openings thereintake manifold, .a hydro-car I manifold disposed through and within the i in, an extension pipe projecting) from said pipe connected to said extension, an exhaust manifold disposed through and in spaced relation to the walls of the intake manifold inlet, arms projecting laterally from the exhaust manifold through said intake manifold, and exhaust pipe extension extending through and in spaced relation to the walls of the intake extension, and heat transmit-1 ting means carried by said exhaust manifold and exhaust extension pipe.

3. An engine manifold comprising an intake manifold,-consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold, and an extension pipe :extending downwardly from said horizontal manifold, a hydrocarbon intake pipe connected to the lower end of said depending extension, said intake manifold being provided with outletopenings, ail exhaust manifold disposed through and in spaced relation'to the walls of the intake manifold, an exhaust pipe extension disposed throu h and in spaced relation to the walls of t 1e depending section of the intake manifold, heat transmitting pins disposed'on the in ner and outer surfaces of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust depending section, and a valve arranged in the lower end of said exhaust pipe be actuated to control the heat transmitting eliiciency of said exhaust manifold; exhaust depending pins carried thereby.

section, and heat transmitting 4. An engine manifold comprising an intake manifold consisting .of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe, and an extension pipe extending downwardl from the horizontal section, a hydrocar on intake pipe connected to the lower end'of-jsaid do end-. ing extension, said intake manifold ing provided with outlet openings, an exhaustintak e'manifold in spaced relation to the walls thereof and formed with a main exhaust outlet, a branch exhaust pipe extension disposed throu h, and inspaced relation to the walls .0 the depending section of the intake manifold, and a valve arranged in the lower end of said exhaust pipe extension adapted to afford a variable auxfiliary outlet forescapeof'exhaust gases and thereby to control the heating effect of the exhaust manifold within the intake mani I so fold. a a

5. An engine manifold. comprising an in take u'lanifold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe; an inclined extension pipe extending downwardly from the horizontal section, an air and fuel intake passage leading into the lower end of said.

on supply vided with outlet openings e depending extension, said intake manifold being provided with outlet openings adapted to communicate with the cylinders of the engine, an exhaust manifold 'disposed through and within the horizontal section of the intake manifold in spaced relation to the walls thereof and formed with a main exhaust outlet forcone end thereof, a branch exhaust extension disposed through and in spaced relation to the walls of'the depending section of the intake manifold and means for permitting and controlling escape of exhaust gases from the lower end of said exhaust pipe extension.

6. An engine manifold comprising an intake manifold consisting, of :a horizontally disposed manifold. pipe, -an inclined extension pipe extending downwardly from the a branch exhaust extension disposed througlh and in spaced relation to the walls of t depending section of the intake manifoldand having an auxiliary exhaust outlet at a the lower end thereof. epending section, adapted p to p 7. An engine manifold comprising take manifold and an exhaust mani old, one of said manifolds being dis djthrough .and within the other manifol in spaced re-' an inlation to the' walls thereof, said intake .manifold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe, an inclined extension pipe extending downwardly from the horizontal section at an acute angle thereto, an ir and fuel intake passageleading to the lower end of said depending extension at an 'acute-angle thereto, said intake manifold being promunicate with the cylin rs o the engine, and said exhaust manifold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe provided with a main exhaust outlet and disdisposed inspaced-relation to-the walls of the depending section of the intake ma'ni:

fold, and a valv'e'arrauged' in the lower and ada ted to comins.

no of said exhaust pipe extension adapted to i afford a variable auxiliary outlet-for escape of the exhaust gases and thereby to controlthe heating effect of the exhaust manifold i t may upon the intake manifold.

8. ,An engine manifold coinprisin an in'-.

take manifold and an exhaust majni old, one

of said manifoldsflbeing disposed through and withi'n the thermanifol ina need-relation to -the wal sthereof, saidinta fold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe, an inclined extension pipe extending downwardly from the horizontal section, an air and fuel intake passage lead- 5 ing to the lower end of said depending extension at an acute angle thereto, said intakev manifold being provided with outlet openings adapted to communicate with the cylinders of the engine, and said exhaust manifold consisting of a horizontally :disposed manifold pipe Pgovided with a main exhaust outlet and? lsposed in spaced relation to the Walls 6 the intake manifold, a branch exhaust extinpion "disposed in spaced relation to the a of the depend ing section of the intake manifold and means for permitting and cont-rolling escape of exhaust gases from the lower end of said exhaust pipe extension.

9. An engine manifold comprising an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, one of said manifolds being disposed through and Within the other manifold in spaced relation to the walls thereof, said intake manifold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe, an inclined extension pipe extending downwardly from the horizontal section an air and fuel intake passage leading to the lower end of said depending extension at an acute angle thereto said intake manifold being provided with outlet openings adapted to communicate with the cylinders of the engine. and said exhaust manifold consisting of a horizontally disposed manifold pipe provided with a main exhaust outlet and disposed in. spaced relation to the walls of the intake manifold, a branch exhaust extension disposed in spaced relation to the walls of'the depending station of the intake manifold and having an auxiliary exhaust outlet at the lower end thereof.

Signed at littshurg. county of Crawford and State of Kansas. this 19th day of March, 1918. I

ALEXIS L. LAM AR.

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