USRE14429E - Cabxeton ellis - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PA TENT OFFICE.

CABLETON ELLIS, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

non'ucr or nxnnocmm'non.

I Specification of Beissued Letterslatent. Reigsued J 29 .1918

Io Drawing. Original application filed March 29, 1912, Serial No. 686,988. Divided'am'l application filed February 9, 1917, Serial No. 147,554. Original No. 1,226,620, dated May 15, 1917. Application for reiuue filed December 18, 1917. Serial No. 207,790.

To all whom it mag concern Be it known t at I, Canm'ron Ems, a citizen of the United States, residing at Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Products of Hydrogenation, of which the following is a specification.

The present application is a division of my allowed application 686,988 filed March 29, 1912 1917). l

The'subject matter of the present application constitutes'the'initial roduct ofthe process described and claime in said application, namely colloidal inetal 'catal sts 1n the hydrogenated product. In sai application I have described and claimed a process in which an organic material conta1nmg unsaturated bodies'is treated 'withhyn in the presence of a colloidal metal; cat st. The organic material treated therein may be fatty oils, such as cottonseed,

rape, oleic acid, includlng the commercial.

forms such as red oil, elaine oil, distilled fatty acids, recovered oils-of textile mills, oils containing linoleic or linolenic acids or their esters, or fish oil castor oil, peanut oil, mustard oil, corn oil, soya oil and other fatty oils such as solidfats containing unsaturated bodies su'ch'as palm oil'and varione other oily and fatty materials; also various other organic materials such as waxes, including beeswax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, Montan wax and materials containing waxes such as wool grease, also resins, for example ordina rosin, dammar, sandarac,mastic, shellac, e emi, thus, co a1, Pontianak, also naphthalene, acid pitc es, tars, asphaltic oils, malthas, rubber; also such volatile solvents as wood tar oils, wood turpentine, rosin spirits and hydrocarbon oils containing unsaturated ingredients such as troleum distillates containing olefins and in fact almost any organic materials containing products capable of uniting with hydrogen in the presence of'a catalyst. The colloidal catalyst employed may consist of any of the metals; nickel, iron and cobalt, in a colloidal form, although in some cases compounds of the metals mentioned such as the oxide, carbids or silicids thereof may be (now Patent 1,217,118, lieb. 20,

prior employed, or mixtures of such catalytic materials, and in some cases mixtures of such materials with colloidal silica.

.I make no claim herein, to noble metals, such as platinum, palladium and the like,

the cost of which prohibits their use for oidal condition, as' well as the colloidal,

metals per' se.

The colloidal catalyst may be made by "heating, for example in a current of hydrogen or other reducing gas, a fatty or similar materialcontaining a decomposable metallo-organic .body, such as nickel oleate, whereby such oleate is deconi osed or reduced, and colloidal nickel pro uced.. Thus,

as in the parent case referred to, I can cause a current of oil, carrying the dissolved nickel oleate, or other like material, to come into contact with a colmter-flowin current of hydrogen or water gas, w ereby first the nickel oleate is decomposed and the nickel catalyst set free in a colloidal state, and the oil is hardened in the resence of this catalyst. The herein described process of producing the catalyst is not claimed herein, but in my cop'endingl cases 817,041,

February 6, 1914; 50,462, ed September 13, 191 5; 76,957 filed February 8, 1916; 89,093 'filed April 5, 1915; 133,252-filed N 0- vember 24, 1916 and 171,220 filed May 26,

The hydrogenation of the or anic materials may be carried out by bu bling the hydrogen through astationary or moving mass of the liquld organic material at such temperatures as the said material is liquid, and in some instances the material may be rendered liquid by the use ofuorganic sol-' vents. The presure employed in the process may be from 10 to.25 pounds above atm'ospheric, and the temperature may be slightly above that at which metallo-organic bodies such as the soaps of "the above mentioned fatty materials with the catalytic metals would be decomposed. In the said prior application I have particularly a material being suitable for addition to A be restricte claimed the passage of the organic material downwardly through a filled tower, in which it is brought into contact with a counter current of hydrogen or gas containing hydrogen, such as uncarbureted water gas.

vIn the treatment of such organic materials with hydrogen, in the presence'of a colloidal metal catalyst or, other colloidal catalyst as above referred to, there is produced a prod uct consisting ofthe hydrogenated organic material, containing in colloidal suspension,

the catalyzer employed in carrying out the process, and it isthis product which forms the-subject matter of the present application.

The hydrogenation process may be carried to a point at which the or anic material will refuse, to take up furt er uan tities of hydrogen, this 1n the case 0 the "liquid fatty oils above mentioned, producing 'a fully saturated hard fat, or the process may be stopped after only a small proportion. of the quantity of hydrogen capable of being afi'ected, has been sotaken up, and the term suspension as employed herein is 1n-- tended to cover mixtures of the catalyst with either such solider liquid or semi-solid hydrogenated roducts, and is not intended to (l to those cases in which the m'edium is a liquid at normal atmospheric temperature. e The processes of hydrogenatwn as de-- scribed herein, are not claimed herein, but in my copending case, 118,750, filed September 6,1916. a I

. The colloidal catalyst may be concentrated in'the product, by separating a portion oi: the hydrogenated product. from a mixtureof another portion of the hydrogenated product and colloidal catalyst, such further quantities of organic material containing unsaturated products, for usein hydro nation.

atIclaim isz" 1; As a new product, a suspension of a V colloidal non-'nolble metal catalyst in a hydrogenated organic material.

tween 56 and 59, in a non-settling stateof 2. Colloidal nickel suspended in hydro- 'genated fatty material.

3. A colloidal non-noble metal-containing patalyst suspended in a hydrogenated organic material, and suitable for use as a catalyst in hydrogenation processes.

4. A catalyst made'by setting free nickel' in an extremely finely divided state, from an easily decomposable nickel compound, in anoil vehicle.

5. Colloidal nickel in fatty oil containing unsaturated components.

6. A catalyzer made by setting free nickel from a solution of nickel oleate in an oil.

7. Metallic nickel in anon-settling state of fineness, suspendedin an oil-vehicle, said nickel bein highly conducive. to h'ydrogen absorption y unsaturated components present,in said vehicle.

8. Colloidalnickel carried in an organic A vehicle.

9. A nickel type in an oilyvehicle containing chemically unsaturated fatty oil.

10. A free metal having an atom1c weight 7 between 56 and '59, said metal being in a colloidal state,-suspcnded in an oil capable of uniting with hydrogen, in the presence of said free metaL 11. A free metal having an atomic weight, between 48 and 63.6, said metal being in a colloidal state, carried in an oil.

12. A metal having an atomic weight befineness, suspended in an organic vehicle, said metal being in the free state and being highly catalytically active and capable of producing by catalysis, a union between hydrogen and unsaturated components present in said organic vehicle.

13. A colloidal non-noble metal-containing catalyst carried in an organic vehicle.

14. Colloidal non-noble catalytic free metal in a fatty oil.

Signed at Los Angeles, CaL, this 10th day of December 191'l.

" cA'nLEToN ELLIS.

free colloidal catalytic metal of the I