USRE14293E - Albert aichele - Google Patents

Description

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UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

ALBERT AICHELE, OF BADEN SWITZERLAND.

CHANGE-GEAR.

Original No. 1,188,528, dated June 27, 1916, Serial as. 56,301, filed October 16, 1915. Application for reissue filed Match 22, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1 ALBERT AICHELE, a

citizen of Switzerland, residing at Baden,

in Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Change-Gears, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in change gears, especially such as are applied for automobile cars, and is adapted for transferring power from the automos bile-motor to the car wheels in order to make the automobile car run with a certain number of different speeds.

Myinvention in brief consists in providing inclined teeth for the several wheels of a change gear, the direction of inclination being such that the axial thrust of one wheel is substantially compensated by that of another wheel. The invention is thus differentiated from arrangements in which helices are out on the shaft for the purpose of taking up the thrust of the wheels.

As an important feature of my invention, I provide the counter shaft with two rigidly connected toothed wheels movable into or out of power-transmitting relationship to the gears of the driving and driven shafts. By properly inclining the teeth of these wheels I substantially counterbalance the end thrust of one by that on the other.

As a further important feature, I main tain one of the gears on the counter shaft in permanent engagement with a gear on one of the other shafts so that in the axial movcmentof-thc gears on the counter shaft to opcratiive position, only one has to come into mesh and the meshing is facilitated by the guided rotary movement duri n{ said axial movement. To accomplish this, I make one of the permanently engaged gearsof a length equal to the sum of the width of the gear with which it engages and the normal range of the axial movement of the movable one of the two.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which show by way of example one possible construction of apparatus for carrying into effect the present invention, in which the change-gear is to clfect five speeds of the automobile car. Figure 1 is apartsectional plan and Fig. 2 is a section along the line I of Fig. 1, in which may be seen the Serial No. 156,769.

intermediate wheel 8" the engaging of which causes the car to move backward.

The invention may he more fully explained by reference to these figures.

In Fig. l a is the driving shaft which is fixed tothe motor, and b is the driven or of axial displacement of the wheel sleeve If the latter is displaced to the right, corresponding to the forward direction of the car. the chalwe wheel 6 is thrown into ear with the wheel c of the working shaft 6, and the car runs with the first (i. c., lowest) speed. If the sleeve 0 is displaced to' the left, corresponding to the backward direction of the car. the change wheel f is thrown into gear with the wheel 7' of the working shaft Z). and the car runs with the second speed. In order to save room in the axial direction. the working shaft If is partially formed as a hollow shaft within the toothed wheels 6. f, m. n. s, so that the bearings and the driving: half of the coupling 0 canbe Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Rissued luay 1; 191-7, 7

located within same. By means of the said.

tained. lhero are various ways of obtainin a greater number of steps in the speed. The way which I consider thebest from the constructive point of view is shown in the figure and consists in the addition of further counter-axles at the rate of one for each speed step. or at the most one for two further feed steps. The figure shows a gear with five speed steps and therefore two counter-axles. i

Besides the counter-axle 7:. already mentioned a tfl'irther counter-axle 7c is located in the housing 2', whichmarries on the common sleeve ,1 the chaiige wheels on and '11." as well as the toothed wheel which latter is continually in gear with the large wheel (5 of the driving shift a even when hearing 1!).

Z), which cannot be thrown into gear with anycf the said change Wheels, and which serves to make the car run backward. This is effected, as shown in Fig. 2, by a iurthen reversing Wheel 8 Which is mounted on the axle 6 located below a and h and is movable in the axial direction by means of the sleeve u, s can be simultaneously thrown into with the Wheels 8 end 6'.

Nothing has been mentioned yet with regard to the inclination of the teeth which effects the noiseless runuin' of the gear. The manner in which the teeth are inclined is of course of importance, and

gear

it is precisely the object of my invention to effect this in such a Way that no axial. pres is exerted on the movable Wheel sleeves 7, Z and u ahd that the wheels are not thrust out of gear, On the choice of the angle of inclination of the teeth of one Wheel depends the angle of inclination of the teeth of all the other Wheels. In the first place it is clear that the angle of inclination of the teeth of two Wheels which to gear with one another must he of the same magnitude but opposite in direction, For example, the inclination of the teeth of the Wheel (5 must he exactly of the same magnitude and in the opposite direction to that of thewheels (Z and d; and the inclination of 6 must be exactly similar and of: the opposite direction to that of 6' etc.

FlflJhE'mOllOlflSllafll rotates clockwise as seen from the motor, the axial component of the tooth pressure of the wieel. (5 (as shown in Fig. l oi: the drawing) is directed to the left and is taken up by the thrust The tooth pressure reaction which is exerted by the wheel (1 has an axial component Which directed t the right.

if one of the Wheels e or f has hcen thrown into gear with or f respectively, the axial cmnponcnt oi the tooth pressure at the wheels e. j must according to the present invention, be of equal magnitude and acting in the opposite direction to that of wheel (2. The 1 Xial compoaent is again in the oppos ing' direction when the direction of inclination of the teeth of Wheels 0 f is the same as that of the teeth oi. Wheel cl that to say when the direction of 1ncl1nat1on of a tootu oi Wllilll d irom left hand. to right hand is in the upward dn'mlmn. then the direction of .Uliilllliltli'fil oi [lie corrcs mml!ug lootli To this end the reversing Wheel.

of the wheels vases face in Wheels 9' or f" must he in the upward direction considered from left to right hand.

center of the shaft);

I I A:P.tan. v). 'lhetorque D transmitted by the wheels is constant D:P.R,

Where R is the pitch-circle radius of a toothed Wheel, consequently in ,wheels of different sizes i The circumferential forces P are inversely proportional to the radii R In order to compensate the axial components of two wheels on thesame sleeve 9 (for example d and a), they must be equal to one another:

A zA

This is the case when P .tan. o :Pmtan. 4)., 1 1 e v or, as expressed as proportion:

In order to ohtaincqual axial components of the tooth pressure in wlu of different radii or diameters, it is necessary to make the inclination angles of such a magnitude that their trigonometric tangents are pro portional' to their diameters.v This forms likewise part of my invention. As shown on the draw 1g, the teeth of the change Wheel which has the largest diameter have the largest angle of inclination relatively to the axles.

The inclination of the teeth on the Wheels oi the "Qllilllg shaft 7) must, of course, correspond again with that of the respective change wheels, via, the inclination of c with (a, oi f with f, of m with m, of 1/5 with n. The axial. pressure on 7; toward the right hand is again taken up l) the.thrust bearing 7).

The inclination of the teeth of the reversing: wheel 3 must be equal in magnitude.

-ot' the teeth of the \vhvcl s mustagain be of equal magnitude and of opposite directimi to that of the wheel, 5". The dire-{ion of teeth of the wheel 8 must consequently correspond with that of the wheel 6.

The bearings, the arrangement of the shafts in the housing 6, the coupling and the wheel sleeve displacing devices do not' by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A change gear comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a counter shaft, a

toothed wheel on the driving shaft, a sleeve with atleast two toothed wheels movable together on the counter shaft, and a toothed wheel on the driven shaft, all toothed wheels having the teeth inclined circumferentially, the general direction of inclination of the teeth being the same forall wheels having the same geometrical axis and in reverse directions for the drive' to and from the two other wheels being adapted for being thrown into gear with a corresponding wheel counter shaft so that the axial thrust of one wheel on the sleeve is substantially compensated bythat of another wheel on the sleeve.

2. A change gear comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a counter shaft, a

toothed wheel on the drivin shaft, a sleeve movable on the counter s aft, and three toothed wheels fixed on the sleeve, one of the latter wheels being constantly engaged with the wheel on the driving shaft, each of the on'the driven shaft by moving the sleeve on the counter shaft, all Wheels on said' sleeve having their teeth inclined circumferentially in the same general direction so that the axial thrusts of two engaged-wheels on the sleeve counter-balance each other and;

prevent axial thrust on the sleeve.

3. A change gear comprising a; driving shaft, a driven shaft, a toothed wheel on the driving shaft, a toothed wheel on-the driven shaft, a counter shaft, and rigidl connected toothed wheels on the counter s aft and mounted for axial movement, one of the rigidly connected wheels being constantly ongaged with one of the first mentioned wheels and one of this pair of-engaged wheels having a breadth substantially equal the 'sum of the breadth of the Wheel engaged with itself and the extent of the axial movement of the wheels on said counter shaft, and all of said wheels having their teeth inclined in respect to their axes, the general direction of inclination of the teeth being the same for all wheels having the same geometrical axis and in reverse directions for the drive to and from the counter shaft so that the axial thrusts on the wheels on said counter shafta re substantially compensated.

4. A change gear comprising'a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a counter shaft, 2. toothed wheel on the driving shaft, a number of toothed wheels on the counter shaft,

and axially movable together, and a numwhich have the same geometrical axis having their teeth inclined in the same general direction in respect to their axes, and the angles of inclination of the teeth of the wheels which are axially movable (which angles are formed between the teeth and the direction of the axis of the Wheels) being suchth'a't their trigonometrical tangents are proportional to diameters.

6. A change gear comprising a driving shaft, adriven shaft, a counter shaft, a toothed wheel on the driving shaft, a numtheir respective pitch-circle I ber of toothed wheels on said counter shaft and axially movable together, a number .of toothed wheels on the driven shaft, all

of said wheels having their teeth inclined in respect to' their axes and in the same general direction for all wheels having the same. geometrical axis and in reverse direction for the drive to and from the counter shaft so that the axial thrustsof the engaged wheels on the counter shaft substantially compensate each other, 'a further toothed wheel on the driven shaft, the general di-- rection of inclination of teeth of which is inverse to the general direction of inclination of the'teeth of the other wheels on the driven shaft, a further sha'ft,and a reversing wheel axially movable thereon, said last mentioned wheel being adapted to enga e with both the above mentioned wheel on the driven shaft and one of the wheels on the counter shaft at the same time. 4 7. In" combination, a driving shaft, a toothed'wheel witlrinclined teeth thereon, a

driven shaft, five toothed wheels with inclii'ied teeth thereon, a movable clutch couplingbetween the driving and driven shafts,

two counter shafts, three toothed wheels with inclined teeth fastened together and axially movable on each counter shaft, a

,further shaft, and an ax'iall -movable one wheel is substantially compensated by that of another wheel, and a box surrounding the whole gear containing the bearings for all of said shafts.

8. In combination, a driving shaft, a toothed wheel thereon, a driven shaft, a number of toothed wheels on an enlarged hollowpart of the driven shaft, a movable clutch-coupling and a step-bearing in the inner room of the hollow part of the driven shaft, a number of counter shafts, an axially movable sleeve on each counter shaft,toothed Wheels on the movable sleeves; a further shaft with a movable reversing wheel thereon, and a box surrounding the whole gear containing the bearings for all'of said shafts, all of said toothed wheels having their teeth inclined in respect to their axes, the general" direction of inclination of the teeth being H the same for all wheels having the same 'eometrical axis and in reverse directions or the drive to andfrom the counter shaft so that the axial thrust of one wheel is sub 'stantially compensated by that of another wheel.

Q 9. A change gear including a driving shaft,

a driven shaft, a counter shaft, a toothed Wheel on the driving shaft,'rigidly con nected toothed wheels on the counter shaft and movable in the direction of their axis,

' and a toothed wheel on the driven shaft, all

. iiofasaid'toothed wheels having their teeth in- 7 two toothed wheels on said counter shaft 1 of another wheel.

clined in respect to their axes, the general direction of inclination of the teeth being the same for all wheels having the same geometrical axis so that the axial thrust of one wheel is substantially compensated by that 10. A. change gear comprising a; driving shaft, a, driven shaft, a counter sllaft, a toothed wheel on the driving shafh-lat least movable together, and a toothed. Wheel on the. driven shaft, all of saidtoothed wheels" havin their teeth inclined in respect to'their axes, t e inclination of the teeth bein in reverse directions for the drive; to am" from the counter shaft so thafltheax'ial thrust of one wheel on the coun rs aft'issubstantially compensated by that of another wheel on said counter sh aft. I

11. In combination,- a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a counter shaft, a pair of toothed Wheels for transmitting power from the driving shaft to the counter shaft, and a pair of toothed wheels for transmitting power from the counter shaft to the driven shaft, each of said wheels having its teeth inclined in respect to'its axis and the wheels on the counter shaft having their teeth inclined in the same general direction and at gents proportional to their respective pitch diameters, whereby the axial thrusts of the said wheels on. the'counter shaft are equal and opposite.

I angles having their trigonoinetrical tan- 12. In combination, a "driving shaft, a

driven shaft, a counter shaft, a pair of rig idly connected, ax ally movable, toothed wheels on said counter shaft, means for r0 shaft, and means for rotating the driven jtating one of said. Wheels from said driving shaft from the other of said wheels, said wheels having their teeth inclined in the same general direction in respect to their common axis and to such an extent that the trigonometrical tangents of theangles of inclination are proportional to the pitch diameters of the 'Wheels,'whereby axial thrust on one of saidwheels is substantially compensated by that ofthe other.

13. In combination, a driving shaft, 2:.

driven shaft, a counter shaft, a toothed Wheel on said driving shaft, a toothed wheel on said driven shaft, and a pair of rigidly connected toothed wheels on said counter shaft bodily movable into and out of power transmitting engagement with said first mencounter shaft having their teeth inclined in the same eneral direction and to extents "varying wlththe diameters of said wheels,

whereby the end thrusts on the toothed wheels on said counter shaft are substantially equal and in opposite directions.

Signed at Zurich, Switzerland, this 9th day of February, 1917. s

,tioned todthd wheels, the wheels on said- ALBERT AICHELE. 5' i

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