USRE1406E - Improved process - Google Patents

Description

i UNITED STATES THURLOVV YEED. AND PHILO S. vSHELTON, OF ALBANY, NFV YORK, AS SIGYNEESOF ALFRED 'FAUVIN JALOUREAU, OF FRANCE.

- iMPRovEn PRoctssot ntailrfxrrnelas witte F'Roor stata? Piras.

` Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 24,125, dated May 24, 1859; antedated December 30, 'i807 Reissue No. 1,406, dated February 10, 1863.k

To all whom it may concern:

Be itlknown that ALFRED FAUVIN JALoU- REAU, ot' Paris, in the Empire of France, has invented a new and useful Improvement in the Process of l\'[am1facturing Pipes or Tubes .impervious to \Vatcr 0r Air, of which the 'following` is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part ot' this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical section of an apparatus which may be used in working the said process. 'lhe other'gures will be referred to and explained hereinafter.

The said invention of the .said ALFRED FAUVIN JALOUREAU yrelates to a process for manufacturing pipes or tubes for conveying or holding liquids or gases, and for other purposes, from sheets or rolls of paper, or other tissue.

And the said4 invention consists in rolling the paper or other sheet, to obtain the required thickness ot' tube or pipe, onto a rotating mandrel as it (the paper or other tissue) is drawn through liquid, bituminous, or other equivalent mastic, so thatthe several thicknesses or windings of paper or other tissue shall beunitedby the-interposed mastic, which, in a liquid state, penetrates into the pores ot' thepaper or other tissue and unites therewith, and after drying renders the tube or pipe, so produced, impervious to liquid or gaseous lnids, while the union of the fibrous material and the mastic impart the hardness, toughness, and strength required for many of the purposes for which metal pipes have heretofore and are now generally used.

And the said invention of a process also consists in using a tubular sleeve of paper slipped onto the mandrel, which is previously oiled or otherwise lubricated to prevent adhesion', and winding the sheets ot' paper, or other tissue, and mastic 'onto such paper sleeve, asa means loi' readily withdrawing the mandrel after the pipe or tube has been formed.

lt is best to have the lpaper or ollier tissue from which a pipe or tube is lo be-made Wound on a roller, n, placed in front of an inclined table, b, leading to a. kettle, g, containing the mastic, which is to be kept in a fluid or semi-fluid state by tirein a suitable furnace below. Bitnminous or equivalent mastic or cement may be used, but bituminous mastic, made in the usual manner of asphalt or coaltar, in admixture with earthysubstances, is preferred. At the sides of the kettle there are two standards, a, (one only shown in the drawings,) which 'arc slotted to receive the journals of a cylinder, c, so that the lower part of its periphery, vwhen it is rotated by a crankhandle on its shaft, or by other suitable means, shall run in the liquid mastic. The Gnd 0f' the sheet me paper nr other tissu@ ia drawn from the'roller a along over the in clined table b, and applied to the periphery of the cylinder c, to which it will stiel; by reason of the surface b eing coated with the mastic, and as the cylinder is rotated the paper or other tissue is thereby carried into and out of the'liquid mastic, andthe outer surface thereof thoroughly coated. The mandrel 1.-, on which the tube or pipe is to be formed, is best made of metal. the slots in the standard u, and are free to turn and slide up and down so thatits peripln cry shall bea-r on that of the cylinder c.

Tolprevent the tubeor pipe which is to be formed from adhering to the surl'ace of this mandrel 7c it should be' covered with a sleeve made of paper, in the form of.' a tube, (see Figs. 3, 4, and 5,) and madel to tit it snugly.

To facilitate the putting 0n of this sleeve a cone may be used in the saine manner as cylindrieal wicks are slipped onto the Wick` holders of lamps. And to prevent this sleeve from becoming cemented tothe surface ot the man drel by dripping mastic, care should be taken to grease or oil the surface ot' thc mandrel be' tore putting on the sleeve..

So soon as the end ot' theshcet ol paper or other tissue by the rotation ot' the cylinder reaches theanandrel it must be detached from the surface ot' the cylinder by any suitable instrument and pressed to the surface of the sleeve on the mandrel, to whiclrit will readily Itsjournals are ittedto .equal velocities, the sheet of paper or other l ing on the perpheryof the cylinderi Assoon sand, and by two men taking hold of the end cylindrical. It is then again transferred to should be of equal thickness, a cog-wheel 2,.) on the shaft of the mandrel, and the cylinlutions to begiveu to the cylinder. As soon y rated the paper sleevem adhere by `reason of the coating of mastic on f its outer surface. The operation being thus l started, by continuing. to'lturn the cylinder and the mandrel in opposite directions, but so ,l that the peripheries in contact will move with j tissue `will be drawn from the roller a, carried through and coated with mastic in the kettle, and thus coated will be rolled up on the mandrel, and the successive wndings, with interposed mastic, pressed, and the surplus mastic" pressed ont bythe weight of the mandrel restas thereqnired thickness is obtained, the mandrel is lifted on", which may be done by pulling a chain, m, on one end of`a lever, l, the other end of which is provided with rods h,- havin gv hooks at their 'lower'ends, which take hold of the journals. The mandrel is then transferred to a smooth table, B made of stone, brick, or other suitable materlal, and covered with iiue iournals it is rolled backv and forth over the table until a suiiicient quantity of sand becomes embedded into the outer eoatingof mastic, and the surface is rendered smooth and the cylinder c to receive from the periphery thereof another coating of mastic; but,as it is desirable that this last coating of mastic :'10: (represented separatelyin Fig'. 8,) is mounted on theshaft of the cylinder c, and its coge are engaged by the cogs of a pinion, o, (see Fig.

der is thereby turned. The wheelp has a segment without cogs, so that -the length of the cogged sector determines the number of revo-l as the cogless sector of the wheel 'p reaches the pinion o the outercoating. is completed, and the cylinder will-stop. `The mandrel, with the tube or pipe thereon, is again lifted from the cylinder c and transferred to the table B, and there rolled a second time, to force sand into this last coating of mastic.

After the above operation, the mastic coating is permitted to cool, which may be accelerated by ashower of cold water, andafter the formed' tube or pipe is cooled, the mandrel can be taken out by` simply standing it on end and giving it a few knocks. Until the several coatings of mastic become thoroughly dry the tube or pipe thus formed is liable to get 'ont of shape, and torprevent this, when the iron mandrelistaken out all that is necessary is to im sert a wooden mandrel. f

After the mastic has become dry and induay be removed by means of a metallicbrush or other suitable instrument, and afterward the inside of the pipe may be coated with bituminous mastic, or other water-pro'ot mastic or cement, byv

standing it up on end with the ,lower end 'cess above described.

A method of connecting such tubes together is represented in Figs. 10, 11, and 12. Into the ends of two tubes to be united together is fitted a short pipe, r, made of zinc, or`other suitable metal, and which is provided with a number of arms, s, which are bent as shown in Fig. 10. The whole is then covered with a sleeve, t, made in the r ianner above described,

and finally bituminous1 mastic in the liquid state is poured in through a hole at aand fills 'the whole space between the tubes and the sleeve t, so that when 'the mastic sets it constitutes a strong, durable, and impermeable connection.

For laying down and connecting main pipes ot' a great diameter another plan may be.

adopted, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. It consists in arranging two sets of tubes, 'one set within the other, and breaking'joints, as

represented, so that the joints of the inner i tubes, r, shall be covered over by the outer tubes, y. Suicient space is left between the inner and the outer tubes to receive liquid bituminous mastic, which is poured through holes a between the two sets of tubes, so that when the 'mastic solidics it forms the bondto unite the two sets of tubes. j

The tapping may b c eiiected in the manner represented in Figs. 13, 14, 15 of the drawings. After boring a hole of suitable size in of vulcanized india-rubber, is formed with iianges at both ends and inserted into the said hole, which can be done by reason of the compressible nature of that substance', and after it is inserted byits elastic property it willex` pand and claspthe thickness -ofv the pipe v. A suitable collar is then placed over the tube and a faucet screwed tightly/into it and into the india-rubber pipe Y In forming knee-jointed connections, as rep-- resented' in Fig. 16, theends ofthetwo'tnbes .a in the outer tubes, y, to till the whole spacel Ythe main tube, asho'rt pipe, m', Fig. l5, made 2 and 3 are inserted into theenlarged ends of a knee-jointed pipe, iilled with a bituminous the tubes may be also embedded into concen'; tric'g'rooves formed for that purpose in the ends of the elbow-pipe. What is claimed as the invention of the said ALFRED FAUvIN J .nLoUeEAm and ,dea sired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

l 1. The process of fora/img pipes or tubes ot' 1 andy the.l spaces 4 mastic. The edges ot" v as described. v 4

2. The forming of such pipes or tubes on a rolls of paper or other tissue and bituminous mastic, by drawing or passing the paper -or other tissue through the liquid mastic and rolling it up to the required thickness on a i mandrel, to cause the4 several windings and the interposed mastic to unite,substantially paper sleeve or cylindrical tube fitted to the outer surface of the'mandrel, substantially as described; by means of whieh the pipes orl from themandrel, as set forth.

THURLOW WEED. PHILO S. SHELTON. Witnesses as to Thu-rlow Weed:

B. W. GRIsWoLD, SAML. BLA'roHFoan.

' Witnesses-as to Philo S. Shelton: Y .ToHN AYBES,

U." E. BUFFUM.

tubes when made eanibe readily slipped ofi

Images