USRE13998E - storer - Google Patents

Description

1 3,998. 2 SHEET SSHEET 1.

N. W. STORER.

. SYSTEM OF CONTROL. APPLICATION FILED APR. I5. 191-1.

Reis sued Oct. 19, 1915.

aw NSI: g

ATT RNEY N. W. STORERF SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

AfPUCATION FILED APR. 15. 1914.

lieissued Oct/19, 1915. 13,998.

2 SHEET -SHEET 2.

F/f J.

' WITNESSES:

. 5 INVENTOR MK 1 BY ATTORNEY lilhl fi f UNITED sr I NORMAN W. STOBER, OF PITTSBURGH, PMFBTSE'hViNII A ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING QOMPLEIIY, A COIL w "sYs an: or common.

5 Be it known that I, NORMAN Sinner.

a citizen of the United States, and a resi-l dent of Pittsburgnlin the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of Control, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of control for electrlc motors and it has special reit'en ence to such systems as are adapted to conjtrol single-phase railway motors by means of so-called .liquid rheostats.

The object of my invention is to provide a' system of the aboveindicatedv class which shall be simnle in arrangement, eflective in operation, light, durable and inexpensive in construction, and particularly adapted to eliminatev the usual multiplicity of unit switches or contactors by the employment of a relatively small number of liquid rheo stats.

Another object of my invention istc pro vide, simple and adequate means for controlling the operation "ht liquid rheostats by means of a continuous circulation or" an. electrolyte, whereby a considerable increase to provide a liquid rheostat which shall be so constructed as to embody means for redueing the current to a minimum ust prior to opening the circuit in order that the are formed'at the instant of interruption shall not be so violent as to be detrimental to the sniooth operation of the system or inplri'ous to the apparatus.

-In the prior art, Where electric locon1o-' system of Wiring, whereby the ,voltage applied to the motors has been varied in steps In order not to open the circuit between stops, it has also been necessary to use either resistances or. preventive coils. Furthermore, when liquid rheostats have heretofore been employed in connection with three phase locomotives, their operation has Specification of Tficissueil Ilettsrs Fete:

1e13, Sen-211 1%. 631,5 $5. Implication for reissue i- 1914. Serial Ho. $32,127.

few liquid. rileoststs e will oniy ally been oriented lowering the heig trolyte in tie eleo compressed air or yate'ol the electrol Contact the v son ofthe heavy on oiled for compo ati l the ody of ole radiation were necessary W 4 ilccordi: to my present in q pose to overcome t cliiiiculties in the prior. the advantages of switching anti. lation Without tilr current With e stats having a con electrolyte and and inexpensive It is any pa connected to tan Winding, by mean and speed of mot: front the lowest opening inary soon positions as i'zions the increase v is determined by the of the electi eiyte and, in of increase "fay re provide 3" no i meiciinuni' rate oi system ivhicn embed. es tures of "voitage contr' those of 5 eyes hiloreover, the electroi culatecl by in ns that it is unifoi l syster ecstatic e s continnou l e s' iitable teed this respect l ;tion' may be employedin thecontrol of various other types of motors by merely making such simple modifications 1n the structural detailsand in the arrangement of circuits and parts as'may lie withinthe.

PI'OXlDLe of those skilled in the art.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 a is a diagrammatic View of a system of can troljembodyingmy invent-ion, F ig. 2 is a plan view of a liquid rheostat constrncteolin accordance with my invention, and Fig. 3 is a-view, partially in elevation'and partially in vertical section of the device shown in Referring to the drawings, indetail, the system shown comprises a transformer 1 that'is adapted to receiveenergy fronrany suitable circuit, .such as a trolley conductor 2, and a track 30f a railway system; a plurality of motors of the commutator type .25 whereby the direction of'rotation of the having armatures 4 and 5 and field magnet windings 6 and 7, respectively; a plurality oi switches 8 to 15, inclusive, for adjusting the connections of said field magnet windings motors is-controlled; a plurality of operating magnet windings 16 for respectively actuating said switches, a plurality of liquid rheostats 17, 18 and l 9 for adiusting the connections of themotors with suitable taps in the secondary winding of the transforn'ier 1; a reservoir 20 to contain a body of electrolyte; a pump or other suitable apparatus 21-and the necessary piping and fittings whereby said electrolyte may be continu ously circulated through the liquid rheostats 17, 18 and 19; a plurality of valves'22, 23 and 24 for controlling the. admission of electrolyte to the several liquid rheostats; aplurality.ofoperating magnet i'vindings'25 for respectively controlling the operation of the admission valves 22, of valves 26, 27 and 28 -for controlling the discharge of electrolyte from the several liq- T uid rlieostats 17, 18 and 19; a plurality of to be actuated by actuating magnet windings 29 for respectively controlling the action of the valves 26, 27 and 28; a plurality of float valve switch- .ing devices 30, 3]. and which are adapted the electrolyte when the liquid .rheostats are filled; a plurality of switches 33, 34 and 35 for respectively shortcircuiting the liquid rheostats 17, 1g and-19 when filled; a plurality ofactnating magnet 5 'indings 30, for respectively controlling the operation of the sl'iort-circuiting switches 33, 34 and35 and which depend, for-their energization. upon the operation of the. float valve switching devices 30, 31 and 32; a plurality of signal lamps 37, 38 and 39 for respectively indicating the closure of the short-circuitingswitches 33, 34: and-35; a

reversing switch 40 for controlling the .'op-

eration of the magnet windings 16 of the switches 8 to 15, nclusive, said reversing 23 and 2%; a plurality,

' the discharge switch l0 comprising movable contact segments 41 and 42 and cooperating contact terminals l3, 44 and. 45; a master controlled 45 for governing the circuit connections of the control magnet windings 25, 2 9 and 36,

' said master controller comp-rising stationary contact term nals 45" to 51, inclusive, and .a

movable conducting segment 52 that, for motor operation, is adapted to cooperate with said stationary cont-act terminals 45* to 51, inclusive, upon the position-indicating lines a, D, 0, d, e and f, a series relay 53 comprising a switch member 54 and an actuating magnet winding and connected in series with the main motor circuit and adapted to auton'iatically control the operation of the admission valves 22, 23 and 24.;

and abattery or other suitable source of energy 56 for supplying energy to the control magnet windings 16, 25, 29 and 36.

The liquid rhe'ostats 17,18 and .19 are of like construction and each comprises a containing tank 57 having a centrally disposed bottom discharge opening 58, an inlet port 59 located nearthe bottom and an overflowf port 60 disposed in the upper portion thereof. A plurality of vertically disposed con.

tact plates 61 are suitably secured to opposite sides of the tank 57 and project inwardly toward each other. An electrode (32 is located intern'iediate the contact plates 61 and comprises a supporting plate 63 and a plurality of vertically disposed contact plates 64 secured thereto and projecting outwardly-on opposite sides into the spaces between the contact plates 61.

The elect-rode 62 is secured in position and insulated from the tank 57 by means of 7 suitable insulating supports (35 and the lower portions of each of the plates 64. are in' wardly and downwardly inclined, as shown in Fig. 3. A projecting portion or rod (36 of conducting materialis secured to the supporting member (33 of the electrode 62 and is centrally located above the discharge opening 58. A tube or sleeve 67 of insulating material surrounds the projecting portion 66 and is'supported in position above opening '58 preferably by meansiof a ring (38 and supporting brackets 6!), although it may be suitably secured to The purpose of the prothe electrode 62. ect1n'g portion 66 and the insulating tube 67'Will be hereinafter set forth.

The valves 22, 23,24, 26, 27 and28 are of like construction and each comprises a movable gate member'70, a suitable casing 71 therefor and a valve sea-i152. The valves 22,

23 and 24 are further provided with set nuts 3 by-means'ofwhich the closure of said valves may be "adjusted as desired, said valves being normally set to allow for only partial closure'in order/that a slight circ1il.ation of electrolyte therethrough may be effected.

, switching gstructural details of thevalves 22, 23, 24:, 26,

I what is herein set fortln thou h: no circuit engage the contact terminals '.j whereby the switches 8, 13-, and 15 are closed to establishthe motor field connec- Pump 21 is shown as of the centrifugal ,type, but, inasmuch as it forms no part oi my invention, except as it performs a neces sary function in the operation of the system, any suitable device for Y accomplishing the same purpose may be employed. v, p

The float valve ' sw'tching device 30, 31 and 32 are of like Construction and each comprises'a suitable wall float 7i secured to the freefendof a lever membei-"Yfi which is pivutally supported at'.'1ts-0ppos1te end. in a suitable manner. ..A switch member 76 is -".,,associated with the lever member ib and isadapted to cooperate Witlistationary con:

those skilled in the art and no description of the sameis considered necessary. Therelay I '53 is'provi'ded, as in the usual practice, with 'ad1ust1jng means whereby it may he'"set to operate at any predetermined current. t will be evident that if the adjustment be set to such-a high value that the relay is never, or rarely, actuated, the operation of the system \vill be entirely non-automatic, whereas,

if th'erelay be adjusted'for more-moderate "values, the operationpfthe system will dependupon its action as influenced by the current traversing its. winding.

Assuming the various'par'ts ofthe appas ratus and the circuit connections thereof to v be as shown inthe diagram and the pump 21 to be operating, .theielectrolyte in the res- 'ervoir is continuously circulatedthroughthe partially closed admission valves 22, 23 and 24, the liquidrheestats 17,. 18 and 19, and'the discharge valves 26, 27 and'28, al-

' connections are estab- In order to operate the driving mo- Y tors, j the reversing switch a0. is actuated to :iza'use either of -'ts movable conducting seg-- ments 41 and 42 to make cooperative engagement with its stationary contact terminals it being understood that such engagement of thebonducting segment 41 with the contact terminals 43 and 44 insures a supply of e'nergy to thecontrolmagnet windings 16 of the reversing switches 8, 13, 10 15,;While f the engagement of the conducting segment .42 with the, contact terminals 44 andi45 causes the energization-of the control magnet windings'lfi of the reversing switches 9,

, 12,11 and 14.

For illustrative purposes, let it be. assumed that the conducting segment il is caused to 43 and L4.

portion t 'and,.hence, 1t trace the spec fie ci: a

conducting seg nt 522 of the trailer 45 15 th mode of operation tion motors.

e d its operation 1 1. d. in the art b-ein'g believed that dniiculty will be encountered in 'nding the same. The

master conved directly into .0011- lonary contact terminals describe, in. detaii, the mode of ope tact with the s e5, i6 and L2, alon the positiondn-dicating' line as being line '5, the positiondiidicating passed ever set forth. the positive terminal the battery 56, through conductor 89, coi'lductor 81, contact and conducting segment 52,

for purpose to be hereinafter term at.

Where the eircuit divides, one path including contact terminal 432%, cc-nduetor magnet Winding 29 o'f'the valve 28, conductor ,S i, conductor and conductor *3 to'the ncga tive side of oatt y, and the other path including contact terminal ii, conductorST, short oircuitswitch 35, conductor 88, mag net Winding'QB of waive its conductor 89, conductor 90, switch 54; of th" and conductor 86 to th nega control magnet windings. 25 529 of the valves at and 28, respectively, and valve at is fuliy openedhile the vaive 28 is closed. The i'uil normal ifiovvoi' the electrolyte is thereby admitted into the iiquidrheostat 19 and gradnaily fills the As soon as the 'heightoit the electrolyte is such as to immerse the iower portions of the cooperating electrodes associated with the rheostat 19, the main motor circuit is established from tap 91 of the secondary winding 92 of the transformer 1', through conductor 93, electrodej62 of the rheostat 19, the body oi electrolyte' contained therein, electrode comprising the piates 61, conductor 9? conductor- 95," magnet winding of the series relay 53 and conductor J6, where the circuit divides, one branch traversing arma-' ture 4, conductor 97, conductorSB, switch 8, conductor 99, field magnet winding 6, con.- d'uctor 100, switch 13, conductor 101, eonductor 102, and conductor 103 to the extremity 104: of the secondarywinding 92, While the other branch traverses conductor 105, armature 5, conductor 106, conductor 107, switchiO, conductor 108, field magnet winding 7, conductor 109, switch 15, conductor '110, and. conductor 103 to the extremity 104: of the transformer Winding 92. It is evident, therefore, that a small voltage is applied to'the driving motors whereby they started and operated at slow speed,

depending ug ion-theamount oiresistance in the motor circuit provided by the immersion A cir nit is th established from v relay 53 tive terminal of. the battery. Energy ic-thus supplied to the the cooperating the piping of the circulating system are groundedin order to-prevent accidental'inpersons who might come into conswitch 35, lamp 39, conductor 112, switching device 32, and conductor .113 to conductor 84:. Energy is thereby supplied to the magnet winding 36 f the short circuiting switch 35 5 tact therewith. and said switch is disengaged from its lower 7 As the rheostat 19 gradually becomes filled contact terminals 114 and makes contact With with electrolyte, resistance is eliminated its upper contact terminals 115..

from the motor circuit and gradual increases s soon as the short circuiting sw1tch 35 of potential are applied to the driving mois raised from its terminals 11-1, the energiz tors, whereby said motors are caused to ac ing circuit through the magnet Winding 25 7 celerate in accor ance with Well known prinof the admission valve 24, is interrupted and ciples. r g v said'valve is caused to assume its partially I If the relay 53 be adjusted to such a value .closed position. The cooperative engage-' as tobeoperative'for moderately excessive ment of the movable member of the short '15 overload currents, the'operation of the syscircuiting switch 35 with its upper contact g tem is semiautomatic, that is, if the motor terminals 115 completes a circuit from conacceleration current should, for any reason, ductor 93, through conductorl16, short cirexceed the value for which the relay .is cuiting switch 35 and conductor 117 to conadjusted, the switch member 54 thereof ductor 94, thereby completely short circuit- 20 would be disengaged from its contact tering the liquid rheostat 19 and eliminating 35 minals 111. Thus, the energizing circuit, all resistance from the motor circuit. The through the magnet Winding of the admotors are, therefore, operated economically mission valve 21, is interrupted and said on the lowest voltage tap or the first runvalve is allowed to assume its partially ning position. In the meantime, the level 25 closed position, thereby cutting down the of the electrolyte in the rheostat 19 will, 90 normal rate of circulation and decreasing the perhaps, have risen to that of the overflow rate of potential increase. lVhen the motor port 60 and the excess supply thereof is dis.-

" current falls again to such a value to posed of through the overflow port 60 and allow the series relay to recomplete the cirreturn to the reservoir 20. The conducting cuitthrough the winding'25 of the valve 24, segment 52 of the master controller 45? may 95 said valve is again opened and normal opnow be moved into engagement withthe coneration is continued. tact terminals. 48 and 19, along the positionfor any reason whatsoever, irrespective indicating line (Z. In this position a circuit of the amount of current which traverses the is established from the positive terminal of v motor circuit, it is desired to reduce the the battery 56,-through conductor 80, con- 10 acceleration of the driving motors or to hold ductor 81, contact terminal 45 and contact the speed thereof substantially constant, the segment 52, where the circuit divides, one conducting segment 52 of the master conbranch including contact terminal- 18, control1er45maybemovedbackintocontactwith ductor 118, magnet winding 29 of the valve the contact terminals audit alongthepo- 27, coiiductoi 119 conductor 8-1, conductor 10.5 sition-indicating line a. his position of 85, and conductor 86 to the ne ative side the master controller is termed the lap poof the battery, while the other branch insitioii, and, by such an action, the circuit cludes contact terminal 49, conductor 120, previously established through the magnet short circuit switch 34, conductor 121, mag- 45 winding 25 of the valve'21 is interrupted, net winding 25 of the valve 23, conductor thereby allowing said valve to close and cut 8!), conductor 90, switch 54 of the series 'down the normal rate of circulation of the relay and conductor 86 to the negative electrolyte to its minimum value. Under side of the battery. I these circumstances, the level. of the electro- Upon the completion of the circuits just 50 lyte is maintained substantially constant, recited, energy is supplied to magnet windalthough it, of course, rises very gradually. ing 29 of the discharge valve 27 and magnet The effect upon the operationof the motors winding 25 of the admission valve 23, the is identical to that produced by means'of closure ofthe foimer iahe being effected the automatic operation of the series ielay and the latter valve being opened to its full 5 53, and the normal operation of the system position. may be resumed by DIOVIDO the conductin It should be understood that, concurrently segment 52 into contact With its coopeiat n with the establishment of the circuits ust stationary contact terminals along the positraced, the controller serves to interrupt the tion-indicating line b. i circuits of the magnet winding 36 of the 6D Vhen the electrolyte rises Within the rheoshort circuiting switch 35, the magnet windstat l9-su'fliciently to completely immerse the ing 29 of the discharge valve 28, and the cooperating electrodes, the float-valve magnet winding 25 of the admission valve switching device 32 is actuated to complete 24. us, the short circuiting switch a circuit from the conductor 83, through and the discharge valve 28 are opened, and

'5 magnet Winding 36- oft e short-circuiting the admission valve 24, which has already close concinues to occupy its 1 .lnssniucli the rapid disl he .rlieostat now he to a clear undera E. ().L the action which sr the inrerrupcion of she the discharge of the elecstand takes place; do I T 13 (:1 iii; y means oi:

151 we .l or JIlSiZlliQifil As the electrolyte is discharged the rheosilai; 19 and its level falls glitly below that oil upper poriron oi ":18 insulat ng tube or sleeve 6?, it

all body of clcch'olyte tube is segregated w lyze 11nd,.hence, e

ried info she cirinterruption theres interruption takes place not sen elie projecting portion 6-5 of the elecir the receding electrolyte, so that the formed at the instant of break is confined Within the non-conducting tube 57, W "ch prevents arcing-over from the projecm g poi"on to the tank The insertion inio the circu' "-1 break our; the current cc tori-ally rot ol-ence of the arc.

Care slioul cised in determining the ride l: 1 1d rheostat and fills rate therefrom in order that it all :09, impossible to have any fiwo rheostsis uiulimeleccrofvie the same tigne this would coinple ze c local short circuitupcn or portion she iransformer Winding Y The rate of dirciierge' of the electrolyte from any 2? lcosfici; should be such that the completion ise circuit through the elecirodcs of adjacent rlicosiies shall be fected prior to interruption of the cirv cult 'rll "ougli the Is in quesiioni Tle 4'5 ration of live s} "in is not, however, nc.-

4 red when she normal coerclzwo rlicoslats ore c i;i1n8;,-i 0l the "able amount of rc-v t local circuit Bill) 7 ,rly osure oi' the disoff the ad- 'it the full the body of the electrolyte contained therein,

4 electrode comprising plates 64,..condnct0r 125, conductor 94-, conductor 95, magnet winding of ,the series relay 53, conductor 96 and thence, in a, multiple circuit, through the urmatures 4 and 5 and field magnet windings 6 and 7 and conductor 103 to the extreme top 10s of the transformer winding 92. It will be noted that a complete description of that portion of the circuit which includes the driving motors is not given for the reason tlmf. these circuits have hereinbefore been. traced in detail. As the level of the electrolyte Within the rheostet 18 is gradually raised, resistance is eliminated and gradual increases of potential are supplied to the driving motors which accelerate according to well known principles.

' As already set forth, the rate of inflow into the rhcostat 18 and, conscquently the rate of potential increase supplied to the motors, is dependent upon the action of the series relay 53, as will be readily understood. l urthermore, these rates of inflow and of potential increase may be manually retarded moving-the conducting segment 52 of die master controller 45 back into contact with contact terminal 48, along the. position-- indicaiing line a. I In this position the en ergizing circuit, through the magnet winding 25 of the admission valve 23, is interrupted and said velve'is closed, whereby a reduced rate of inflow and of increase of potential is ei'i'ected, as already described in detail. I y

When the rheostat 18 is filled ith-electrolyte, the'float. valvejswitching device 31 is closed and a circuit is establ1shed'fr0m-' conductor 118, through magnec winding 36 I of the short circuiting switch 34 lamp 38,

its lower contact terminals 128 and brought into cooperativeengagement Wlidl its upper contact terminals 129.- As soon as the short circuiting switch leaves its contact terininsls 128, the circuit through ibhe magnet winding 25 of the admission valve '23 i'sin 'irzrrupged and said valve is allowed to close Concurrently with this operation; a circuit is completed from the condilctor 128, through conductor 130, short circuiting sii'itcn. 3i and conductor 131; to the conductor 94, which short circuits the rheostat 18 and eliminates all resistance from the snot-oicircuits, this being the secondfie'coe comical voltage top or; running position of she system.

inc-Lise a. great acceleration or higher speed of the driving motors is desired, the conduccin g segment 52 of the master conirollcr is moved into Contact With the tfOlltZiCi? terminals 56 and 51, along the position-indicatin'g line f, whereby the dis charge valve 26 is closed and the admission valve 22 is opencdto allow the electrolyte'to gradually fill the liquid rheostat 17 in a manner hereinbefore described. It will also be understood that, as the conducting seginent 52 is moved into contact with its cor;

tact terminals 50 and 51, the'disengagement of the contact terminals 48 and 49 is effected,

'whereby the short circuiting switch 34 and the dischargevalve 27 are opened and the admission valve 23 is closed.

As soon as the rheostat 17 is filled with the electrolyte, the float valve switching device 30 is closed, thereby energizing the magnet winding 36 of the short circuiting switch 33 andcausing said switch to assume its upper position and to short circuit the rheostat 17. During, this last operation, the magnet winding of the admission valve 22 is deenergized and the valve 22 is closed,

leaving the' driving motors operating economically on the third running position with all of the resistance eliminated from the circuit.

I have not attempted to describe in detail the circuit connections and the mode of operation of the various switching devices in connection with the employment of the liquid rheostat 17, those hereinbefore set forth in connection with the operation of theliquid rh'eostats 19 and 18. On account of the previous detailed description and of the similarity just referrcd to, it is believed that those skilled in the art will experience no difficulty in understanding the same without any further expo sition thereof.

The lamps'37, 38 and 39 are preferably located near the master controller and serve as signal lights to indicate to the operator upon which rheostat the motors are operating, and the condition thereof. Evidently any other suitable indicating means may be employed for this purpose.

Although I have shown and described a control system having specific circuit connections and embodying devices having more or less specific structural details, it will be understood that various modifications may be effected therein without ex eding the spirit and scopeof my inventiomand I desire that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. In a control system for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with a source of energ" and a plurality of dynamo-electric machinesadapted to receive energy therefrom, of 'a plurality of, individually adjustable liquid rheostats severally connected to said source of energy for governing the operation of said machines.

2. In a system of control for dynamo-elecas they are similar to rheostats severally cessively governing tric machines, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different voltage connections to said source, and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to be'governed by said rheostats, of means for individually controlling the operation of said rheostats.

. In a system of control for electric motors, the combination-with a source of;

electrical energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different voltage connections to said source, and a plurality of electric motors connected in circuit with said rheostats, of means for con-trolling'the operation of said motors by individually controlling the operation of said rheostats.

In a control system for dynamo-electrio machines, the combination with a'source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different voltage connections to said source, and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to be governed by said" rheostats, of means for supplying a suitable electrolyte to said rheostats, and means for controlling the supply thereof.

5. In a control system for" dynamo-electric machines, the combination with a source- 'of electrical energy, a plurality of liquid rheos tats having different voltage connections'to said source, and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to be governed bv said rheostats, of means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats, and means for successively filling said rheostats with said electrolyte.

6. In a control system fordynamo-electric M machines, the combination with a constant -"potential apparatus,

a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connected to intermediate taps in said apparatus, and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines,.of means for suc cessively filling said rheostats with said electrolyte, and means for individually controlling the operation of said rheostatst I 7. In a control system for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connected to intermediate taps there-. in and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats.

8. In a control system for dynamo-electric machines, the combination witlua constant potential apparatus, a plurality of liquid connected to interme-' 'diate taps in said apparatus, and a plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for effecting a continuous circulation of an electrolyte through said rheostats, means for causing said rheostats to be filled with electrolyte at a uniform rate, and means for sucthe operation of said rheostats.

9.. In av control system for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with e. constant potentialapparatu n'plui'ality of liquidrheostats severally connected to intermediate taps in. said apparatus, ands plurality of dynamo-electric machines adapted to? be governed oy suid rheostats, means for effecting a continuous circulation of on electrolytc through said rheostatdineans for v cuusingisaid rheostuits to he fills-d with the 'electrolyte at a. uniform rate undmeens for varying the rate of 10. In it control syst m dynamo-else tric machines, the coniliinuticn with a. con? stant potential apparatus, a. plurality of liquid rheostets severally conncctcl to intermediate taps in said apparatus, and o plurality oi dynsmoelectric machines adapted to he governed by said rheostuts, of a circu la'ting system for eli'ecting s continuous flow of en electrolyte through said rhcostu'ts, and

for. successively o erating said rhcostets to effect gradual increases of potential supp .cd to sold motors 12. In of control for electric motors,. the combination with e subdivided transformer winding, a plurality of liquid rheostats-sevcrully connected to intermediate tepsjtherein', and a. plurality of electric motors, of means for succemively filling said 'rheostets with an electrolyte whereby gradual increasesof potential. suppliedjo said motors ore-effected. 1

l3. In a. system of control for electric mo, tors, the combination with u subdivided transformer winding, a plurality of liquid rheostats connected thereto, and a plurality ,of electric motors associated therewith, of means forsuccessivcly filling said rheostat-s with a. suitable electrolyte, undmeans associated with each rheostut and dependent .tors, the combinution with c. subdividedtransformer wind s. plurality of liquid rhcostuts connected ilieretc, end Zl; plurality of electric motors adopted to be governed by said rheost'ats, of'means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheo-' stats, and'means dependcntupon the cur-- rent traversing said motors for controlling there-to of flow.

16. In ,a. control system'for electric motors, the combination with a supply circuit,

a liquid rheostat connected thereto, and an electric motor ,.adepted to receive energy- I "It said rheostat,

therefrom, of means for c tinuously circulat ng an electrolyte throng means for causing said electrolyte to gradually fill said rhcost-at, means for varying the rate of filling, and means dependent upon the height of saidclectrolyte in said rheostat for short circuitingsaid rheosta't when filled.

17. In a system of control for electric moconnected to intermediate taps therein, electric motors assoclated therewith, and a continuously circulating electrolyte of a con troller for governing the successive indi- .Vldllill operotionof said rheostats, whereby gradual increases of potential are supplied to said motors and for controlling the rate of said increases-of potential.

18. In a control system for electric motors, the combination with a plurality of liquid rheostats, a liquid-containing reservoir, means for delivering said liquid to said rheostat and means for returning said liquid to said reservoir, of electro rcsponsire means for selectively, controlling the operation oi said rheostat s and for control lingthc ratc of liquid circulation.

19. In :1 control system for electric motors, the combination with a liquid-contain ing reservoir, c plura' ity of rhcostats :issocnited'therewlth, and means for provid ng at continuous circulation of liquid theretors, the combination with'a constant potem T tial apparatus, liquid rheostats seuerally as so.

ios

through, of electro-responsive means. for

causing said rheostats to be separately and gradually filled with said-liquid,and means for disposing of excess liquid when n. prodetermined level is reached. I

520. In a control system for elcctrlc'motors, the combination with a liquid-contain ing reservoir. a plurality of liquid rheostuts associated therewith, and means for PI'OVld ing a circulation of said liquid therethrough,

of means associated with each rheostat-for normally ma ntaining a slight circulation of liquid, means for increasing said flow to fill said rheostat, and Lmeans for reducing 'sziid flow when said rheostat. 1s filled. v

21. The combination with a liquid-0on tuining reservoir, and a plurality. oftanks associated therewith,each pro ided with an inlet port, an outlet port unden overflow port, and means tor clrculating said liqu d,

of electro-responsive means: for closing said outlet port and openlng' said inlet port whereby said tank is gvaduzllly fillcdwith liquid, and automatic means for partially closing said inlet port when the liquid reaches the level of said overflow port.

22. In a. control system, the combination with a source of electrical energy, a containing tank, means for discharging said liquid from the bottom of said tank, and cooperating electrodes adapted to be immersed in said liquid, of means for confining the final break to a small body-of liquid.

23. In a, control system for dynamo electric machines; the combination with a plurality of liquid rheostats, a liquid-containtors, the combination with a derived sourceof energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connected thereto, and a plurality of electric motors severally associated therewith, of means for circulating an electrolytesuccessively through s'aid rheostats.

25. In a control system for dynamo elec-'- tric machines, the combination with a derivedsource of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostat's connected thereto, a liquid-containing-reservoir and means for continuously circulating the liquid in said reservoir, of means for successively directing the How of liquid through the several rheostats and means for preventing the filling of more than one rheostat at a time.

26. In a control system for dynamo electric machines, the combination with a derived source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats connected to taps therein, and means for circulating a liquid through said rheostats, of means for preventing more than one rheostat being filled at the same time.

' 27. In a control system for dynamo electric machines, the col'nbination with a derived source of energy, a plurality oi; llqiud rheostats connected to taps therein,'and means for circulating a liquid-thrmlgh said i'heostats, of means for causing the rheostats to be successirely filled and means for causing the liquid in the first rheostat to be substantially discharged prior to the filling of said second rheostat to prevent a local short-circuitacross said derived source.

28. In a control system for dynamo electric machines, the combination with a transformer .winding havi'ng'a plurality oi taps, a plurality of liquid rheostats severallv connectedthereto and in series circuit with said dynamo-electric machines, and means for filling said rheostats successively with a body of liquid ot' means for preventing two rheostats from being filled at the same time.

29.'In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynan'1o-elec I tric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of individually adjustable liquid rheostats adapted to .be successively connected to said source of energy and to said dynamo electric machine. I

305111 a control system, the combination with 'a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plu-a rality of liquid rheostats adapted to be connected in series circuit with saidmachine for governing the operation thereof.

31. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-elec-' tric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be connected in series circuit With said dynamo-electric machine, and means for controlling the operation of said rheostats.

32. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of individually adjustable liquid rheostats adapted to be successively connected to said source of energy and in series circuit with said dynamo-electric machine and means for controlling the operation of said rheostats.

' 33. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a pinrality'of liquid rheostats and asingle connected to said source of energy for govern- 1ng the operation of said machines, and

means for individually controlling said rhe ostats and for effecting different rates of operation.

35. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric'machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats for governing the operation of said machines, means for supplying an electrolyte thereto, and means for controlling the operation of said rheostats and for determining the height of the electrolyte therein.

36. In a control system the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rhcostats for governing the operation of said machines, means for supplying an electrolyte thereto, and means for individually controlling the supply of electrolyte to said rheostats and for determining the height thereof.

37. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be successively connected in circuit with said dynamo-electric machine, means for supplying electrolyte to said rheostats, and a controller for governing the operation of said rheostats and having two positions for'each rheostatfor changing the rate of supply of the electrolyte. I

38. In a control system, the combination With a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be successivelylconnected in circuit with said dynamo-electric machine and a controller for governing the operation ot-said rheostats and having a supply and e.holding po* sition for each rheostat.

39. In a control system; the combination I with a. source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats for governing the operation of said dynamo-electric machine and electro-responsive means dependent upon circuit conditions for governing the operation of said liquid rheostats.

&O.. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be successively connected in the circuit of said dynamo-electric machine, and electro-re-- sponsive means associated with said circuit for governing the operation of said rheos'tats.

4E1.- In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machf .e associated therewith, of a plu- 'rality of liquid rheostats for successively governing the operation of said dynamoelectric machine, and a single means respon sive. to circuit conditions for controlling the operation of said liquid rheostats.

42. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dvnamo-electric machine, of a plurality of liquid rheostats for governing said dynamo -.electric machine, electrically controlled inlet and outlet valves 'for each rheostat,'and a controller for governing the operation of said valves of each rheostat.

43. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a plurality of liquid rheostats for governing the operation of said dynamo-electric machine, means for supplying an electrolyte to said rhcostats atdifi'erent rates and means for successively controlling said rheostats and for selecting the rate of operation thereof.

44. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, means for continuously supplying an electrolyte thereto, and means for controlling the supply of with a source of energy and a dynamo-elechaving an inlet opening and a discharge opening. a body of electrolyte adapted to be supplied to said rheostat, and means for controlling said inlet and saiddischarge openings.

' l7. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, electrically controlled inlet and discharge valves associated with said rheostat, and a controller for governing the operation of said valves.

48. In a control system, the combination with a source-of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, electrically controlled inlet and discharge valves associated with said rheostat, and a controller for effecting a substantially concurrent closure of the discharge valve and opening of the inlet valve.

49. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, a throttle inlet valve and a discharge valve associated with said rheostat, said throttle inlet valve being normally partially closed, and electro-magnetic mcans for governing the operation of said valves.

50. In a control system, the combination tric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, a plurality of independent electrically controlled inlet and outlet valves associated with said rheostat, and a master controller for independently actuating said valves.

51. In a. control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric. machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, electrically controlled inlet and discharge valves for said rheostat,-'a body of electrolyte adapted to be supplied thereto and a controller for eiiecting the closure of said discharge valve and the opening of said inlet valve for filling said rheostat with electrolyte. for efi'eeting the closure of said inlet valve to sub stantially hold the electrolyte at any level and for opening said discharge valve to empty said rheostat. I

52. In a control System, the combination. With asource of energy and a. dyna1noelec .tric machine,-ot'. a' liquid rheostat tor govivalve and closing said discharge valve for operating said rheostat, andelectro-resporr 'sive means for partially closing said inlet valve under predetermined circuit conditions.

54. In acontrol system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, a body of electrolyte adapted to be supplied to said rheostat, independent inlet and discharge valves therefor, means for actuating said valves for filling said rheostat with electrolyte, and

means dependent upon circuit conditions and cooperating ivith one of said valves for governing the height of the electrolyte in said rheostat. p

55. In a control system, the combination With a source of energy and a dynai'noelec trio machine, of a. liquid rheostat it'or gov erning the operation thereof, means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostat, means for causing said electrolyte to fill said rheostat, and manuilly controlled means for determining the height of said electrolyte.

56. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric" machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, an inlet valve and a discharge valve, means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said valves and out of contact With the rheostat electrodes when the dynamo-electric machine is at rest, and means for causing said t and forgovelectrolyte to fill said rheosta erning the operation thereof.

. 57. In a control'system, the combination. With a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for governing the operation thereof, electrically controlled inlet and discharge valves for said rheostat, means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rl1eo stat, and a. master controller having one position for closing said discharge valve, and

d inlet valve and another for opening holding); said discharge valve closed.

in a n fol system, the combination with a source 0:" 'gy, aplurality of liquid rh-e j ..e\v th. and dy nanurc... machine adapted to he govsaid rheostat" crned by =5 means for goverin ing aeration of said rheost-ats, and

\iit i each rheostat for inition.

. In a em, the crnnhination with a sour pluralit o 1 liquid rheostats ziierev-rith, l a dynanurelcc adaptwil to he govliy said rneostaha, of av master con-- tor successively con rolling the on rheost ad aplurality of l the respec the combination =l1U23lll7yOl liquid theiem h, and a dyiuie adapted to he gov signaling-con liEUS'ttllLS, of dition r, ,rvoir for with the several rheo. ats

neath the. chart, draws to comi associated vosed heof said rh in a control G1. in, the combination with of energy i a dynamo=electric machine, of a liquid rheostat for gover the operation thereof, a normally inlet valve, normally open disclu rg e valve a controller having one position for closing said disch valve and another positior for opening said inlet valve and maintaining discharge valve closed, and Q l w dent c saidcontroller for to be partially closed m a circuit conditions.

' 'stem, the combination "in a are. orgy and a dynamo-electric machine, c r 'heostat in circuit with said dyna'ino-electric machine, means for eflecting a continuous circulation of an electrolyte through said rheostat, means for gradually filling said rheostat with electrolyte, and means for retarding the normal rate of filling.

' 63. In control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-elec tric machine, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different voltage connections to said source for governing the operation of Eli said machine, and means for individually controlling the operation of said rheostats.

(54-. In a. control ,n, the combination with source of stats having dilferent voltage connections to said. source and adapted to govern the operation of said dynamo-electric machine, and means for controlling the operation-of said machine by individually controlling the operation of said rheostats.

65. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo electric machine, of a plurality of liquid rheostat having difi'erent "oltage connections to said source for governing the operation of said machine, and means for supplying an electrolyte to said rheostat and for controlling the supply thereof.

. 66. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine of a plurality of liquid rheostats connected to said source for governing the operation of said. machine, means for supplying an electrolyte to said rheostats, and means for control-ling the supply thereof.

67. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a plurality of liquid rheostats connected to said source for governing the operation of said machine, means for continuously circulating an electrolyte, through said rheostats, and 'means for successively filling said rheostats with said electrolyte.

68. In a. control system, the combination with a source oi? energy and a dynamo-electric machine, of a. plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be connected to said source for go verning the operation of said machine,

and means for successively filling said rheostats with said electrolyte.

69. In a control system, the combinatlon with a source of energy, and a dynamo-elec- ,t-ric machine, of;a plurality of liquid rheo-g eta-ts having different voltage connections to said source for governing the operation of" said machine, and means for successivelyf filling said rheostats with an electrolyte.

170. In a control. system, the combination with a so urce of energy and a dynamoelectric machine, of a plurality of liquid rheostats' having diflerent voltage connections to said source fol-governing, the operation of said machine, means for continuously circulating;

an electrolyte through said-rheostats 'andmeans for successively filling said rheostats with electrolyte. s ,I TL In a control system, the combination witlra source of energy and a dynamo-.elec

ti -'ic -machine, of a plurality of liquid rheo- .stuts connected to said source for governing theppmatmn of said machine, means for 3successrvely filling said rheostats with an electrolyte, and means for individually controlling the operation of said rheostats.

s. In a control system, the combination constant-potential apparatus and a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connected to intermediate taps in said apparatus, of a dynamo-electric machine-adapted .to be governed by said rheostats, means for successively filling said rheostats with an electrolyte, and means for individually con trolling the operation of said rheostats.

73. In a .control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connected to interelectrolyte ata uniform v rate, and means for successively governing the operation of said rheostat. i

75. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats adapted to be connected thereto, and a dynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for eflecting a contlnuou's clrculatlon of an electrolyte through said rheostats, means for causing said rheostats to be filled at a' uniform rate and means for, varying the rate of filling.

7 6. In a control system, the combmation with a source of energy, a plurality of liq-- uid rheostats having different connections toSaild source, and adynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for filling said rheostats with an, electrolyte at a uniform rate, and

means for varying the rate of filling. 77. In. a control system, the combination with a sourceof energy, a plurality of liqrheostats having different connections yto'sald source, and a dynamo-electr1c machine adapted to be governed by said rhe'ostats, of means for successively filling said rheostats at a normal uniform rate, and means for varying the rate of filling.

78. In a control system, the combination with'a' source of energy, a plurality of liquid'rheostats having different connections topsaid source, and a dynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of a circulating system for effecting a continuous flow of an electrolyte through said 'rheostats, and means for causing said rheostats to be successively filled with electrolyte. v I

79. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy. a plurality of liquid rheostats having different connections to said source, and adynamo-electric machine, of means for successively operating said rheostats to eil'ect gradual increases'ol' potential supplied to said dynamo-electric machine.

80. In a control system, the combination with. a source of energy, a plurality of liq-.

uid rheostats having diiierent connections to said source, and a dynamo-electric machine, of means for operating said rheostats successively to govern the operation of said dynamo-electric machine, Wl'iereby a plurality of economical running positions are secured.

8.1. In a control system, the combination with a subdivided transformer windings, plurality of liquid rheostats severally con-- necterl. to intermediate taps therein, and a dynamo-electric machine, of means for suc cessirely filling said rheostats v ith an electrolyte, whereby gradual increases of potential are supplied. to said machine.

In a control system, the combination with. a subdivided transformer Winding, a plurality of liquid rheostats severally connectcd to difi eront taps thereof, and a dynamo-electric machine, of means for successively filling said rheostats with an electrolyte, whereby the potential supplied to,

said machine is increased in a series of steps corresponding to the number of rheostats.

83. In a control system, the combination with a subdivided transformer Winding, of a dynamo-electric machine and a plurality of liquid rheostats severally adapted to be successively connected to said transformer Winding and in circuit with said. dynamoelectric machine, and. means for filling said rheostats with an electrolyte.

84. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, plurality or" liquid rheostats severally connected thereto, and a dynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for successively filling); said. rheostats With an electrolyte, and means associated with each rheostat and dependent upon the height of electrolyte therein for short-circuiting said rheostat.

85. In a control System, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different connections thereto, adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for filling said rheostats with an electrolyte, and means associated with each rheostat for establishing :1.sliortcircuit connection when the electrolyte has reached a predetern'iined height.

86. In a control system, the combination with a source or? energy, a plurality of liqu rl'ieostats severally connected thereto, and. a.

dynamo-electric machine adapted to be gov;

erncd by said rheostats, of means for sue-- and a dynamo-electric machine cessively filling said rheostats with an electrolyte and for short-.circuiting said rheostats when the electrolyte has reached a pre determined height and for subsequently clecreasing the rate of filling.

S7. in a control s stem, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rhcostat-s connected. thereto, and a dynamoelectric machine adapted to be governed by said. rheostats, of means for gradually filling said rheostats with an electrolyte, and means for retarding the normal rate ofifilling.

88. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats connected thereto, and a dynamoelectric machine adapterl'to be governed by said rheostats, of means for successively filling said rheostats with an electrolyte and means dependent upon current traversing said dynamo-electric machine for controlling the rate of filling.

89. .ln a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid .rhcostats connected thereto, and dynamoelectric machine adapted to be governed by said. rheostats, of means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats, and means dependent upon circuit conditions for controlling the-rate of circulation.

90. In a control system, the combination With a source of energy, a plurality of rheostats having different connections thereto, and a. dynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats, means for succes sively filling said rheostats, and a. single means dependent upon circuit conditions for controlling the rate of filling of all of said rheostats.

917 In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a liquid rheostat connected thereto, and a dynamoelectric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for circulating an electrolyte through said rhcostat, means for causing said electrolyte to gradually fill said rheo-stat, means for varying the rate of filling, and means dependent upon the height of said electrolyte in said rhcostat for shortcircuiting said rheostat.

92, in a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats having different connections thereto, and a dynannrelectric machine, of a system for continuously circulating electrolyte, and means for governing the successive i11- diridual operation of said rheostats, Whereby gradu alin creases of potential are supplied to said dynamo-electric machine and for con trolling the rate of said increases of pctein tial.

93. In control system, combination with a source of energy, plurality ot'liquid rheostats and a dynamo-electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of

a liquid containing reservoir, means for delivering liquid to said rheostats, means for returning said liquid to said reservoir, and a master controller for selectively controlling the operation of said rheostats and for controlling the rate of liquid circulation.

94. In a control system, the combination with a plurality of liquid rheostats, a liquidcontaining reservoir, and means for circulating a liquid through. said rheostats, of means for selectively controlling the operation of said rheostats and for controlling the rate of liquid circulation.

95. In a control system, the combination with a liquid containing reservoir, a plurality of rheostats associated therewith, and means for providing a continuous circulation of liquid therethrough, of means for causing said rheostats to be separately and gradually filled with said liquid, and means for disposing of excess liquid when a predetermined level is reached;

96; In a control system, the combination with a liquid-containing reservoir, a plurality of rheostats associated therewith, and means for supplying liquid to said rheostats, of means for causing said rheo'stats to be separately and gradually filled with said liquid.

97. In a control system, the combination with liquid containing reservoir, a plurality of rheostats associated therewith, and means for providing a circulation of liquid therethrough, of means associated with each rheostat for normally maintaining a' slight circulation of liquid, means for increasing said flow to fill said rheostat and means for reducing said flow when said rheostat is filled. 98. Ina control system, the combination with a liquid-containing reservoir, a plurality ot' rheostats associated therewith, and means for providing a circulation of liquid therethrough, of means for no. mally maintaining a slight circulation of liquid through said rheostats', and means for increasing said circulation to fill said rheostats. T

99. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a liquid rheostat' connected thereto and a dynamo-electric ma chine, of means for providing a circulation of an electrolyte through said rheostat,

means for normally maintaining a slight circulation of an electrolyte through said rheostat, and means for increasing said flow of electrolyte to fill said rheostat.

100. The combination with a liquidcontaining reservoir, a liquid rheostat associated therewith and provided with an inlet port and an outlet port and means for fillin said rheostat with an electrolyte, of controlling means for closing said outlet port and opening said inlet port, for causing said rheostat to be gradually filled, and means for partially closing said inlet ort when the rheostat is substantially filled.

101. The combination with a liquid rheostat provided with an inlet valve, an outlet valve and an overflow port, and means for supplying an electrolyte to said rheostat, of controllingmeans for governing the o eration of said valves to effect a gradual lling of said rheostat.

102. The combination with a liquid rheostat provided with an inlet valve, an outlet valve and an overflow port, and means for circulating an electrolyte continuously through said rheostat, of means for controlling the operation of said valves for gradually filling said rheostat, said overflow port permitting a continuous circulation of electrolyte when the rheostat is filled.

103. In a control system, the'combination with a source of energy, a dynamo-electric machine and a liquid rheostat in circuit with said machine and connected to said source of energy, of controllable means for filling said rheostat. with an electrolyte, means for discharging said electrolyte from the bottom of said rheostat, cooperating electrodes adapted to be immersed in said electrolyte,

"and means for confining the final break in through said rheostats.

106. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a. plurality of liquid rheostats connected thereto, and a dynamo electric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for maintaining a slight circulation of an electrolyte through all of said rheostats, and controllable means for successively increasing the flow of electrolyte through said rheostats.

107. In a control system, the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid rheostats connected thereto, and a dynamoelectric machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for continuously circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats, means for successively filling said rheostats, and means for preventing the filling of more than one rheostat at a time.

108. In a control system the combination with a source of energy, a plurality of liquid Pete and e (lye-smol'iqnid to, and iflynmno-electfic machine adapted to be governed by said rheostats, of means for circulating an electrolyte through said rheostats means for causing the rheostas to he sl'loeesslvely filled, and inenns for causing an ially discharged prior to the filling o; Llk second rheostat for preventing :1 local short circuit across said source of energy.

2. In a control system, the combination with 2: source of energy a clynanlo-electric eleetrolyte in the first rhenstat to be Inaehine, and a plurality of liquid rheotats he. 111g different connect-ions to said source lo be connected suceesswely in series circuit with. mid dynamo-electric machine, and 11 ans for filling said rheostats successively with an electrolyte, and means for firevenb Eng :1 'plmrality of rheostnts being filled at U10 same time. e

In tesfiimanywhereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 30th day of March 12 314.

W. STORER.

l-Vitnesses JAcon STAKE, J 1:, B. B. HINES.

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