USRE134E - Improvement in machinery for making felt fabrics - Google Patents

Description

PATENT OFFICE.

HEZEKIAH S. MILLER,

on oiNoINNA'II, oHIo.-

IMPROVEMENT INMACHINERY FOIil MAKI'NG FELT FABRICS, 81.(2.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1,094, dated March 5, 1839; Reissue No. 134, dated April 24, 1849. A y i To all whom rit may concern: 4Be it known that I, HEZEK'IAH S. MILLER,

, formerly ofthe county of Philadelphia, in the this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the ma: chine; Fig. 2, a vertical and longitudinal -section of the same; and Fig. if represents a different form of gauze cylinder, such as I use in the process.

The nature of my invention consists in converting animal or vegetable fibrous material into continuous webs, laps, or sheets, while using the one or the other after they have been carded, picked, or blown so as to wind intohat-bodies, and attain advantageously with fur the same end which has been heretofore effected in relation to wool, and to manufacture wadding from cotton, or other web from other fibrous vegetable material. This is done by the following process, viz: A revolving fan or blower having four or more floats or wings, and of length to correspond with the breadth of avcarding-machine picker or blowing-machine, receives the animal or vegetable iiber from the doiier of a cardingmachine, or from a picker, or from a blowingmachine in the case of fur, (such as is known among hatters and used for cleansing the hair from i'ur,) and blows them through a passage, oblong box, or spout until they reach a cylinder of which the surface is composed of sieve- Work, wire-gauze, millinet, or other similar open substance, so as to admit through it the air received with the fibers from the revolving fan aforesaid. This gauze cylinder is in constant motion, so that the fibers received from the fan through the said passage are made to pass through between the said gauze cylinder and a friction-roller, and are compressed between them into a web, lm, or vsheet of fur or wadding, &c. The web, lap, or wadding so formed then follows a small distance on the surface of the said gauze cylinder, until it reaches a revolving apron or endless sheet of leather or other suitable material, when it is again compressed between said apron and the gauze cylinder, the pressure being assisted by manner, well known to batters, which has heretofore b een practiced for winding a web or sheet of wool for the same purpose. If, however, the bers under treatment are vegetable-for instance, of cotton-and the article to be produced is that commonly known as cotton-wedding, the superincumbent apron is 'not used, asthe object is to manufacture cotton-wedding ofthe least density consistent with sufiicient tenacity due to the felting of the bers to permit handling the article. The

superincumbent apron can, however, be elevated suciently to retain its felting without its condensing-power, and used in this way it need not be set aside.

A, Fig. 1, and A, Fig. 2, represents the revolving fan or blower, which iirst receives the iibers from the doffer of the carding-machine,

B B B B are the four floats or wings of the fan A.

C, Fig. 1, is the cover to the said fan, which cover may be of wood or other material, and the floats of thefans may be of wood, metal, or othersuitable substance.

D, Fig. 1, is the band by which the fan'A is driven.

. E, Fig. 1, and E, Fig. 2, is the place where the doii'er of the carding-machine iits underneath the fan of the wadding ory web forming machine, which latter is my invention. y

F F, Fig. 1, and F F, Fig. 2, is the oblong box, passage, or spout through vwhich the fibers are driven by the fan A. It may be made of wood or othermaterial, in breadth proportioned to the carding-machine or picker, &c., I*in thickness or vertical diameter about,

ten inches at the upper and twelve inchesat the lower end, and in length about six feet, or

of such other size and proportions as may be found expedient.

G, Fig. 1, and wire-gauze, Svc., which constitutes an important portion of my improvement. v

H H,'Fig. 1, and H H, Fig. 3, is the sievework, wire-gauze, or other open-work of which the surface ofthe cylinder G is composed.

"The form of the cylinder in Fig. -lis straight or of uniform diameter, while that in Fig. 3is swelled in the middle, approaching that of a double cone. The form represented in Fig. 3 may be used, if desired, for the purpose of increasing the thickness of the central part of the ,web or lap when fur is being manipulated, so

as to give more substance or thickness to the rims of the, hats, two hat-bodies being made from one web, as is customary.

I I I, Fig. 1, and I I I I. Fig. 2, are boxes or holes through the ends of the gauze cylinder, 'made for facilitating the escape of the air which is received into the cylinder from the fan A. Y v

K, Fig. 1, is the pulley by which the gauze cylinder Gis driven, the band being. also seen in the drawings. v

L, Fig. 2, is the roller by which the fibers are first compressed into a web between it and the gauze cylinder G. n

M, Fig. 2, is the roller which next aids in compressing the web between the gauze cylinder and principal apron, and N, Fig. 2, is the third compressing roller, which aids to ycompress the web' when fur is being operated ',on between the principal and lesser apron or revolving sheets. In the manufacture of cotton wadding, however, the superncumbcnt apron is dispensed with or elevated so asonly to felt, as condensation is Vobnoxious to'good wadding.

0 and P, Fig. 2, are the two rollers on which the principal apron revolves, and Q and R Fig. 2, are the rollers o'ver which the smaller or secondary' apron revolves.

S S, Fig. v1, is the principal apron, andTlI,

`Fig. 1, is the secondary or upper apron. The edges of these aprons are also seen in section G, Fig. 2, is the cylinder of.

atS and T, Fig. 2. The secondary apron T T has a frame for its rollers Q' R, so constructed that the frame ofthe rollers and the apron together are capable of a reciprocating lateral or side motion. This lateral reciprocating mo" tion is communicated through the rod U U,

Fig. 1, which rod is moved back and forth by a crank or eccentric connecting its outer end with the upperend of the shaft, which is moved by the pulley V, Fig. 1, as seen in the drawings. The contemplated advantage of this reciprocating lateral motion of the upper apron is themore fully to press and mat together the web or lap of fur. f

W, Fig. 1, is the-pulley which drives the roller 0, Fig. 2, and puts the principal roller in motion, and X, Fig. 1', is the band coming from the pulley on the farther end of the cylinder G, andputting in motion the roller R, Fig. 2, so as to .make the upperapron revolve.

Y Y YYY, Fig. 2, is a lap or sheet of fur, the edge of which is seen in section proceeding from the gauze cylinder along the surface of the principal apron and descending tothe iioor. The manner of winding this sheet into hatbodi es Aon a double core or cylinder is the same which is used for making wool hats.

When cotton-wadding is the product of the operation of the machine, it is handled and prepared for the market in the usual way.

These operations are not illustrated in the drawings, because they are well known to those in the trades, and constitute no part of my improvements. i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the fan, oblong box or spout, and cylinder, for the purpose and in the l HEZEKIAH S. MILLER.

Attest:

Tnos. G. CLINTON, GEO. H. KNIGHT.

Images