USRE13446E - Method of forming fireproof slabs or boards - Google Patents

Description

' J. A. WHEELER.

METHOD OF FORMING PIBBPBOOF BLABS 0B BOARDS.

. APPLIOATIOI riLEn in. 5, 1912.

3 1mm Jul 16, 1912. 1 3,446.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

J'AMES A. WHEELER, OF SOMERSET COUNTY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO WILLIAM T. ELKINTON,

OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF FORMING FIBEPBOOF SLABS OB BOARDS.

Specification of Beissued Letters Patent. Reisgued July 16, 1912.

Original 110. 984,870, dated February 21, 1911, Serial No. 418,682. Application for reissue filed January 5,

I 1912. Serial No. 669,711.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. \VHEELER, a citizen of. the United States, and resident of the county of Somerset, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of F ormin Fireproof Slabs orBoards, of which the fo lowin is a specification. v

This invention relates to the class of buildin materials which are formed of artificia ly united substances solidified to resist the strain exerted on it by the structure to which it is a plied.

The object 0 this invention is to provide an artificial lumber or building material which shall possess the aforesaid capacity in" the hi hest de ree and at the same time the capa heat.

To that end the invention consists essenility of resisting fire or intense tially of a solidified compound comprising a suitable filler constituting a basic element and including asbestos or an analogous substance incorporated therewith, and a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binding material commingled with said materials and permanentl uniting the same, as hereinafter more fu ly explained and set forth in the claims.

The filler or basic element of the improved artificial lumber or building material ma be of any suitable or adapted substance, ut it preferably includes burnt clay, and when burnt clay is employed I use either broken burned bricks,'or the equivalent thereof consisting of lumps of ordinar clay burned in a suitable kiln to the her ness of burned bricks, and these burned lum s or broken bricks are crushed into sum 1 particles or into a pulverous condition by means of a suitable machine or appara tus.

In carrying out my invention, the filler element as above noted is mixed with a suitable amount of asbestos or analogous substance of fireproof quality,-which is efi'ectually incorporated therewith. I thenadd to said mixture at sufiicient quantit of water and a suitable soluble firegiroo binding material, preferably silicate 0 tively small proportion and thoroughly stir the mass to convert it into a moist astic or formed into any desired her or plate a is soda, in rela- 1 shape according to the use for which it is intended. i

It will be understood that my invention is not restricted to the employment of any particular elements in the compound from whlch is produced the artificial lumber or bullding. material, but that the improved method is adaptable to the forming of the slabs or articles from various compounds whlch consist of a suitable filler, preferably of fireproof quality, mixed with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder and adapted to be solidified and hardened and dried to impart the desired density and strength for resisting the.

strains and condition of use in building construction. The specific form of the molded article may be varied to suit the circumstances and conditions ofv use, and I have herein-shown the same in the form of a slab or board adapted for use in flooring, ceiling, or wainscoting construction or in other parts or features of general building constructions. v

The molded article is hardened and dried to the desired degree of density, by placing it on a heated plate arranged in a suitable press by the operation of which the material of the article is com ressed, and the accompanying drawings show a side view of a type of press adaptable in carr ing' out the improved method herein describ illustrate the arrangement of the molded articles therein.

In case the molded article is of the form of aslab or board, as hereinbefore set forth, I preferably place in the press :1 tier of such molded articles, as shown in the accompanying drawings, in which 1 denotes the press, which may be of any suitable shape and construction.

H represent a plates .or chambers, which are heated by steamadmitted to the interiors thereof, the steam being introduced by suitable communicating tubes or pipes. In placing the molded articles in the press, the first chamdisposed on the bed or base, A, of the press, then a smooth metal plate or sheet, b,'is placed upon the said plate a, and upon the sheet I) is placed the molded article, 0. Then a perforated metal plate or sheet, (I, is placed upon the molded article 0, the perforations 0 ed and plurality of hollow said sheet being preferably formed. with upwardly-project-mg edges or burs, to allow the moisture or steam to esca e from the molded article. Upon the sheet is laid a sheet of wire netting, e, to permit theescaping moisture or steam to pass out laterally from the top of Y the sheet d. Upon this wire netting is placed v the entire tier of molded articles is sub'ected' another smooth metal plate or sheet, 6, and upon this is placed the second heated cham-' ber or plate, a. In this manner, the molded articles, with intervening heated steam chambers or plates and with the imperforate and perforated plates or sheets and wire netting, as above described, are successively disposed in a tier in, the press, and then, by operating said press so as to cause its follower, C, to press onto the top of the tier,

- to'the required pressure and heat to e ectuall harden and dry said articles. n a press of the type here illustrated, the

pressure is obtainedby the operation of the,

screw, D, working in a nut, n,- attached to the head, B, of the press.

It will be understood that the smooth metal plate or sheet I) is placed in intervening position between the molded article and the heated chamber or plate a, to enablethe convenient removal of the molded article from said heated chamber or late, after it has been hardened and dried in the desired degree, and to prevent adhesion of the molded article to said chamberor plate. In practice, the employment of the plate or sheet 1) enables the removal of both said plate and the molded article from position upon the heated chamber or plate, and the convenient subsequent separation of the plate I) and the molded article.

What I claim as my invention is: a

1. The method of forming artificial lumber, which consists in combining a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substan e into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a suitable pre'ssjin association with heated chambers or plates with a metal plate or sheet intervening between said molded article and the heated chamber or plate, and then subjecting said elements within the press to the requisite ressure and heat to dry and compress and liai'den the molded articles to the desired degree of density.

2; The method of forming artificial lumher, which consists in combining a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a -suitable press in association with heated chambers or plates with a perforated metal plate or sheet placed against the surface of the molded article, and then subjecting said elements :within' the press to the requisite pressure and heat to dry and compress-and harden the molded articles to the desired degree of .density.

3. The'method of forming artificial lumber, which consists in comblning a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a suitable press in association with heated chambers or plates with a metal plate or sheet intervening between said molded article and the heated chamber or plate and with a perforated metal plate or' sheet placed against the surface of the molded article, and .thensubjecting said elements within the press to the requisite pressure and heat to dry and compress and' harden the molded articles to the desired'degree of density.

4. The method of forming artificial lumber, which consists in comblning a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a suitable press in association with heated chambers or plates with a perforated metal plate or sheet placed against the surface of the molded article and with a sheet of wire netting placed against said perforated plate, and then subjecting said elements within the press to the requisite pressure and heat to dry and compress sired degree of densit 5. The method of orming artificial lumber, whichconsists 'in combining a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of and harden the molded articlesto the dea soluble fireproof binder to produce a plas- V tic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a suitable press in association with heated chambers or plates with a metahplate or sheet intervening between said'molded article and the heated chamber or. plate and with a perforated metal plate or sheet placed against the sur face of the molded article and with a sheet of wire netting placed a ainst said pel'forated plate,'and then su jecting said elements within the press to the requisite pressure and heat to dr and compress and harden the molded artlcles to the desired de-' gree of density.

6. The met od of forming artlficial lumber, which consists in comblning a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then moldin tic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in 0. tier in a suitable press inassociation with interventhe moist plasing heated chambers or plates with metal I ness and then crushing the same to a pulverplates or sheets intervening between said ous condition, then mixing with said matcmolded articles and the heated chambers or plates and with perforated metal plates or sheets placed against the surface of the molded articles, and then subjecting said elements within the press-to the requlsite pressure and heat to dry and compress and harden the molded articles to the desired degree of density.

7. The method of forming artificial lumber, which consists in combining a suitable filler with a relatively small proportion of l rated metal plate or sheet placed against the a soluble fireproof binder to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic 1 substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a tier in a suitable press in association with intervening heated chambers or lates with metal plates or sheets intervening between said molded arti- 1 cles and the heated chambers or plates and with perforated metal plates or sheets placed against the surface of the molded articles and sheets of wire netting placed against said perforated plates, and then subjecting the her to the requisite pressure and heat to dry and compress and harden the molded articles to the desired de cc of density.

8. The method of forming artificial lumber, which consists in combining a suitable filler including asbestos with a relatively small proportion of a soluble fireproof binder and a fluid to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, than placing the molded articles in a suitable press in association'with heated chambers or lates with intervening imperforate and per orate metal plates or sheets, and then subjecting said elements within the press to the requisite ressure and heat to dr and compress and arden the molded articles to the desired degree of density.

9. The method of forming artificial lumber, such as fireproof slabs or boards, which consists in burning clay to the requisite hardrial a suitable amount of asbestos, then adding to the mixture a relatively small proportion of silicate of soda to form a soluble fireproof binder, and also water, to produce a plastic substance, then molding the moist plastic substance into the desired shape, then placing the molded articles in a suitable press in association with heated chambers or lates with a metal plate or sheet intervenmg between said molded article and the heated chamber or plate and with a perfosurface of the molded article and a sheet of wire netting placed a ainst said perforated plate, and then su jecting said elements within the press to the requisite pressure and heat to dry and compress and harden. the molded articles to the desired degree of density.

10. The method of forming artificial lumber, such as fireproof slabs or boards, which consists in burnin clay to the requisite hardness and crushing the same to a pulverous condition, then mixing with said material a suitable amount of asbestos, then adding to the mixture a relatively small propor- JAMES A. WHEELER;

Witnesses BESSIE COSTIGAN, FRANCES P. ROSENLICHT.

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