USRE13217E - Txtesibte-bbiveh automotok - Google Patents

Description

S. Z. DE FERRANTI. TURBINE DRIVEN AUTOMOITOR. APPLIUATIORIILBD JULY18,1910.

Reissued Mar. 14, 1911.

M MW, M

UNITED emeeeree egi iENT OFFICE.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTII. OF GRINDLEFLRB, NEAR SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

133 3317 oi Iileissized. Letters letezr'c. Kip j 55mm} EH11. 1-1, 1311.

Original No. 925,389, dafiefii June 3.9%, Eeriel No. 258,107

fleriel Ilo.

To all Q1171 um it i'ibiib'j concern/r Be it known but L Sm; l 'xcsum z'n'l :1' subject oi lb lirltuiu and. .li'elnml and 1* in the 5 din-lord 11cm: liliiililjli,

ilciby, England, formerly of 31 IL road, .llmnpstcucl, Lomiom E57 3 have invemcd c-cr jnin new and mefio w-lwcu'lelits in and l-lele" lo To 9. 1e- 1 Driven awii'soioie of whie'o the following 13 :i we

This nn'eniioi'z. b.2154 for. i ilu u-inculcate in illll'l'llZlQ lb" I eke ll'wm epccioll m p eion oi :mmmotoz.

where it 1:5 desired Lo ize've m1 stored iemell .m. the combl v form ei' eulnpieeeell oil, coe1p. iquicl air or gas, or a collagen nlUW bm'nii powders and Pool which 1 if? The invenlion thus coneis s in a turbine inslzillelion adopted. to utilize given store of energy witboui the empleymeitit 01 oxygen Ulllfil. time that {root i in in a, 5m; I (nan has heretofore a elizwaljm' in which iiie :i slow burning powder or the like.

I: Wish it to be understood that the draw :iccoz'noutlying ibis S11E61: alien are of :1 l ='5z 1'::mnmi'i nature llu'oogboui and are .en es working; ilrmvlugs. lf lere mil-able correspamfil ng elements in. the ill ei'en'c figures are denoted by the e *reilel'enme eymbole. wording" in M13 Jenn of W invention, I

,x'h'm'i' lorpmloe. 'llic h 4. and type owl m ml of Mung: lbem Willi engines; 22

e l; p

"wtive power by mean ur'bine lowing 4/, Flg. 2,

j any 'lmown.

other iypc, which drive screws, 7), in

opposi e directions on lwoconcentrie shafts, (I, 4:. Instead of fcedmg these turblnes wlth v working-fluid in lhe shape of cold air de l'lVQHl fmm the storage compressed air as common practice, 1' first leecl the :m' ox.-

gnseous oxidizing agent from. a storage, (J, by waxy oltbe pipe, 0, to the cban'lber,

I 51 of the re 'eneretm', f, through which it passes and 1 eeives heat: from the exll'zzust from the lmibmc; thence suil'able pipes, 7:, lead to the coinlmsiimi c'i'lmnbers, i, in which the anodizing :1 ent raised .tda hi b tempolzrimz'e such 1200" G, .01 tbereabout by burning in it :1 small :unount of oil or like fuel, for examole stored in a reservoir, F0,

the fuel being fed by means of a pump, m,

driven by line propeller shaft,- a, into the gray. The action of the pump may :siecl by feeding the oil to it under 11; sure tlGl'lX-fll from the oxidizing Agent; so to as l; be positive action. of the VZllVQS and therefore to give an accurate quentily of coml'me'tible; to carry this-. 0

method into eliec; it is merely necessary tomlept the ml reservoir to Withstand high pressures and to lead a plpe from the store,

cl, to the upper part of the reservoir, 70. As

an. alternative the pump, m, may be glispensecl with and the oil forced into the combustion chamber entirely by the pressure of the oxidizing agent; In either case only sufficient oil is delivered to raise the tempereture of the Working fluid to a point, such than after complete expansion. it will not act Clem'imentally upon the running blades of the tuybine.

eioo nozzles, 72, which reduce lts pressure from ilmi of the combustion ebamber down to a. pressure a little above that of the alt-- i'nosphere and its temperature to about 400 Dining its passage through the expan eion nozzles the pressure energy of the wor ing fluid. is converted into'veloe'ity energy and the jets issuing fromlhe no'zzlegn, then impinge upon the blades of the, turbine Wheels, the power absorbed thereby being transmit-tell to the screws, b, by the slmfle, e, '0. through the ducts, 0, to the chamber, 2, thence through the cross pipes, y, of the re; generetbr, f, to the chamber 2, from whieh The working fluid issuing from the eombustwn chamber gm;- e hlgh temper-' adore and pressure enters dlvergexit expafb combustion chamber, 1' in the form of finely divided exhausfi from the tui bine passes zon'tal and vertical rudders, u, are indicated in use, I am enabled to considerably reduce thereby rendered imperia in Fig. 1. It will be seen that on account of the greatly increased efliciency of the arrangement above described over those now the volume of the storage chamber, 65. Thus by the means described the compressed oxidizing agent is used on a "highly advantaeous cycle whereby about four times the orse-powerhours may be obtained in relation to usin the air cold,'the fact of having air or another oxidizing agent under pressure being taken advantage of for this pur pose to give an internal combustion turbine of high efliciencg Y In some cases I preterm-increase the hull;

of the Working finid as Well as reduce the temperature thereof by introducing "water or Water vapor into the combustion chainbers and in Fig. 9; an arrangementis shown for effecting this result. A. pump, m, is connected through suitable valves in the ducts, m, with the liquid in which the terpedo is immersed and forces water throngl thechan ber, 2, of the regenerator f, to the combustion chambers, 2, the OXiCl-Zlllf; agent being led through the chamber, g, before described} The Water forced through the regenerator at a pressure prcferablyabove that of the Working pressure of the combustion chambers so that on being discharged therein by means of spraying nozzles it is intimately mixed with the high temperature gases of combustion and completely evaporated. This latter arrangement is es cially applicable when Working with an ozti dining agent which gives a very high term.

perature combustion such oxygen, as the introduction of Water or other medium of an inert nature as regards combustion is .ve in order that the tenmeraturc of the Working fluid be sufficiently reduced after passing through the expansion nozzles to prevent damage to the turbine blades and other materials of construction.

The proportion of fuel and air may be varied to suit varying sets of conditions as in some cases when Working; for example with air and fuel may introduce suiiicientair into the combustion chamber for the complete combustion of the fuel While in other cases I may arrange to have the air in excess,

so as to-ohtaiu a lower temperature ofthe working fluid. When an inert medium is introduced into the combastion chambers such as'water, I arraiilge the proportions of fuel and air or other oxidizing agent so as to completely evaporate'the *fluid introduced into the combustion chamber from the regenerator. I

I Wish confine invention to the use of anyparticular fuel as various kinds of fuel can be used Without departing from the scope of my invention, 6. 9., coal gas, enriched Water gas, acetylene, acetylene dissolved in acetone. Moreover the oxidizing agent may be in any suitable state of aggregation as air or oxygen in the liquid or compressed gaseous state, the modification of my invention core responding to any selected class being. easily made by persons skilled inthe art. In those cases Where either the combustible element 15 in the liquid state and the oxid zing element is in the gaseous state under pressure or vice versa the pressure of the gaseous element may be utilized toforce the llqtud' element into the combustion chamber either by mixing the elements or otherwise and ii any of the elements'used are liquefied gases it is advisable that evaporation thereof should be prevented as far as possible allowing the vapor therefrom to zli'ClllfLtB through jackets surroundieg the vessel containing the liquefied gas.

According to another arrangement I may supply the heat to the compressed oxidizing agent by means of slow burning powder and 1 can do this (see Fig. 3) by putting a charge of slow powder or like material, which may or may not contain a predetermined amount of eaten-into a tube or case, '2), such as that containing a rocket, but 0 soliicient strength to resist the full pressure of the cycle. The end of this tube adioins or projects into the heating chamber the hot from it inixi with oxidizing agent flowing in from the jacket, as indicated by the arrows-and heating it to the desired ternperature; The mixture is then expanded in the nozzle and dealt with as above explained rtccording to another arrangement I may supply heatenergy from a. slow burning powder or material which contains it elements of coin bastion and. an inert body in the form of water pumped through or around the chamber coataining' the slow burning powder or the like so as to prevent any undue rise of temperature by "treesit to be understood that l do not mission from the burning material! Where the slow burning material canbe supplied in the form ofliqnid... I prefer. to mix the water with this and sprayinto the combiis It will thus be seen that the essentials of the present invention consist in means for storing and bringing together substances or bodies which unite chemically with a (level opment of heater in other words exothermically interacting bodies and utilizing the products of such interaction combined with an inert substance, as the working fluid of a turbine driving an underwater automotor.

It is obvious that modifications of the above class of operations may be introduced,

and I do not confine myself to the exact arrangcmcnts which I have described herein. W'hat, however, is common to all these methods is an immensely better use of the store of energy carried than is practicable according to present methods, the turbine being specially useful in the form which I have described for taking advantage of the high temperatures which would be unworkable 111 an ordinary engine, as it is able to convert lhese temperatures into velocity and so work with n' odcrate temperatures on the moving parts,

- Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is v l. The combination in an under ater ontomotor of a driving motor; receptacle means fortcertain constituents of the working fluid of said motor; means for introduc-J ing fluid from the immersing medium to augment the volume of said Working fluid ther with means for absorbing heat from the exhaust of said motor.

The combination in a torpedo of the locomotive type provided with suitable running gear including propelling and steering apparatus of a motor of the internal con'ibustion type; means for transmitting the power developed by said motor to said propelling apparatus; receptacle means for fuel and an oxidizing agent; means for in troducing fluid from the immersing medium to augment the volume of working.

fluid obtained by the combustion of said fuel and said oxidizing agent together with means for absorbing heat from the exhaust from saillnolor 4 :3, The combination with a' torpedo of the locon'u'll'ivc type provided with suitable runnin ar including propelling and steering appmatus of a turbine of the internal combustion type; means for transnnttmg the power developed by said turbine to said propel ing apparatus; receptacle means for fuel and an oxidizing agent; means for inlrm uc-' ing fluid from the immersing medium to augi'mmt the \olumc of Working fluid obtained by the combustion of said fuel andsaid oxidizing agent together with means for absml'ling heatlfron'i the exhaust from said turbine.

l1 The combination with a torpedo of the ning gear including propelling and steering apparatus of a motor of the internal conr 'bustion type comprising co-axial independcntly rotating turbine elements, co'a-xial power shaft means connecting so id elements to said propelling apparatus; receptacle means for fuel and an oxidizing agent to gether with means for introducing fluidtrom' the immersing medium to augment the volume of working fluid obtained by the said fuel and said oxidizing combustion of agent. i I

5. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive type provided with suitable running gear including propelling and steering apparatus,'of a motor of the internal com-- bustion type comprising co-axial. oppositely running turbine elements; co;axial power shaft means connecting said elements to said propelling apparatus; a. suitable receptacle for fuel; a vessel having certain of its containing Walls connected to the shell or said torpedo for the storage of an oxidizing agent together with means for introducing fluid from the immersing medium to aug ment the volume of working fluid obtained by the combustion of said :l'uel and said oxidizin'g agent.

' 6. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive ty e provided with suitable running gear inc uding propelling and steering apparatus, ofa turbmc of the -intcrnal conibustion. type, comprising oppositely running bladed turbine elements power shaft means connecting said turbine tovsaizl propelling apparatus, a suitable receptacle for the fuel, a vessel having certain of containing walls cbnnccted to the shell of said torpedo for the storage of an oxidizing: agent, a combustion chamber externalto said. vessel and means for introducing thereinto said fuel and said oxidizing agent, together with a duct from said combustion chamber through the shell of said torpedo for the in troduc'tion of fluid from the immersing me dium.

7. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive type provided with suitable running gear including propelling and steering apparatus, of a turbine of the internal combustion type comprising oppositely running bladed turbine elements, power shaft means" connecting said turbine to said propelling together with means for passing said oxi-.

dizing means through said regenerator on locomotive type provided with suitable run its Way to said combustion chamber.

duct from said turbine throu h -the shell of said torpedo, a regenerator disposed said duct together with means for passin' fluid locomotive type provided with suitable runni'ig gear includin'gpropelling and steeringv fuel and said oxidizing 8. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive ty e provided with suitable runs nmg gear .inc uding propelling and steering apparatus, of a turbine of the internalcombustion-ty e, comprising oppositely running bladed tur ine elements, power shaft means connecting said turbine to said propelling apparatus, a suitable receptacle for the fuel,

a RS891 having certain of its containing walls'i'connected totheshell of said torpedo for-lithe storage of an oxidizing agent, a combustion chamber external to said ,vessel and means for introducing thereinto said agent, an exhaust from the immersing medium thipugh said regenerator said passing means including a duct through the shell o? said torpedo.

9. The combination'with a torpedo of the apparatus of "a turbine of the internal combustion type,'comprising oppositely running bladed turbine elements, power shaft means connecting said turbine to said propelling apparatus, a suitable receptacle for the fuel, a vessel having certain of its containing walls connected to the shell of said torpedo for the storage of a gaseous oxidizing agent under pressure, a combustion chamber external to said vessel and means for introducing thereinto said fuel and' said oxidizmg agent mersing medium,

said introducing means including means for reducing the pressure of said oxidizing agent. I

' the locomotive type provided with suitable, propelling and steermitting the power I oxidizing agent to said w1th means for absorbing 10. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive type provided with suitable running gear including propelling andsteering apparatus, of'a turbine of the internal combustion type, comprising oppositely running bladed turbine elements, power shaft means connecting. said turbine to saidpropelling apparatus means for absorbing heat from the exhaust gases of said turbine together with a suitable receptacle for the fuel and a vessel built into the structure of the torpedo for the storage of air.

11. The combination with a torpedo of running gear including mg apparatus, of a turbine of the internal combustion type comprising one .or more,

bladed turbine elements; means for transdeveloped by said turbine to the propelling apparatus, receptacle means for fuel'an'd an oxidizing agcnnexpansion nozzles for conducting the gases generated by the combustion of said fuel and turbine together heat from the exhaust gases to said turbine.

yreceptacle for fuel,

dizing agent, a combustion chamber external in cans for storing combination propelling together with fluid from, thelim 12. The combination with a torpedo of the locomotive t pe provided with suitable running gearinc uding ropellingland steering apparatus, of a turbine of t e internal combustion type having bladed elements, a

a receptacle for an oxito said oxidizin agent receptacle, ex an-' sion nozzles conducting the hot gases rom said combustion chamber to said bladed elements, and a regenerator for recovering heat from the exhaust gases.

13. An automotor comprising incombination propelling means, a multi-s'tage velocity-compounded turbine operativcly connected to said propellingmeans; a single stage expansion nozzle supplying working .fiuid to said turbine; a hi h pressure combustion chamber connectec to said nozzle; exothermi'cally reacting bodies, and from said storing means to said combustion chamber, together lso supplying to said comconnections with means for. a

bustion chamber a volume of make-up working fluid to be highly heated by the products of reaction of said exothermically reacting bodies.

14. An automobile torpedo comprising in means, a multi-stage velocity-compounded turbine operatively connected to said propelling means; a single stage expansion nozzle supplying working fluid to said turbine; a high pressure combustion chamber connected to said nozzle; means for storing exothermically reacting bodies, and connections from said storing means to said combustion chamber, together with means for also supplying to said combustion chamber a volume of make-up working fluid to be highly heated by the products of reaction of said exothermically reacting bodies. v

15. Anau'tomotor comprising in combination propelling means; a multi-stage velocity-con'ipounded turbine operatively connected to said propelling means; a singlestage expansion nozzle supplying working fluid to said turbine; a high-pressure com bustionchamlicr connected to said nozzle; a receptacle for fuel and a source of com pressed oxidizer therefor; means for connecting said receptacle and said source to said combustion chamber; and means for introducing into said chamber a volume ofmake-up Working fluid to be highly heated by the products of the oxidation of said fuel. c

16. An automotor comprising in combination suitable running gear including means tor'propelliug and steering; a reccp- 'tacle' for' fuel. and an oxidizer therefor; a

an expansion nozzle combustion chamber,

the

issuing therefrom; a turbine receiving gases from said nozzle and driving said combustion chamber fluid to both said turbine wheels.

propelling means and means for heating a certain proportion of the working fluid by means of exhaust gases from said turbine.

17. An automotor, comprising in combination oppositely rotating propellers on eoaxial shafts; separate turbine wheels driving said shaftsrespectively and a common supplying working 18. i\n automotor comprising in eombinalion suitable running gear including means for propelling and steering; storage 1 means for exothermic-ally interacting bodies; means for conducting said bodies to the reaction spot; means for admixing with the products of said reaction a certain volume of fluid inert with regard thereto; a turbine utilizing such admixtureas working fluid and means for transmitting power developed by said tubine to said propelling means. I

19. An underwater automotor comprising in combination suitable running gear including means for propelling and steering; storage means for exothermically interact ing bodies; means for conducting said bodies to the reaction spot; means for admixing with the products of said reaction a (ertain volume of. fluid from the immersing medium; aturbine utilizing such admixture as working fluid and means for transmitting power developed by said turbine to said propelling means.

20. An underwater automotor comprising. in (-on'ibination suitable running gear ini-luding means for propelling and steering; storage means for exotherinieally interacting bodies; means for conducting said bodies to tlie reaction spot; means for admixing with the products of said reaction a (rertain olume of fluid from the immersing mediuin; a turbine utilizing such admixture-as working fluid,'means for transmitting power developed by said turbine to. said propelling means and means f0rheating a certain proportion of the working fluid by means of exhaust gases from said turbine.

In testimony whereof I aflix my sig na-' ture in presence of two yvitnesses.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI. \Vitnesses:

WALTER Aarana EDGAR Weomma, Wanna DUNCAN Davmson.

Images