USRE13010E - Process of welding metals - Google Patents

Description

H. GOLDSGHMIDT;

PROCESS OF WELDING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7,1906.

Reissued Aug. 17, 1909.

ciomdi H. GOLDSCHMIDT. PROCESS OF WELDING METALS.

Reissued Aug. 17, 1909.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HANS GOLDSCHMIDT, or ESSEN-ONEE-RUHR, GERMANY, AssIen-oR, BY MESNE Assica MENTS, TO GOLDSCHMIDT T-HERMIT co, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORBORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF WELDING METALS.

Specification of Reissued. Letters Patent.v Reissued Aug. 17, 1909.

Original No. 729,573, dated June 2, 1903, Serial No. 38,583. Applicationfor reissue filed May 7, 1906.v

Serial No. 315,687.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HANs GoLoscHMnrr, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Essen-on-the ltuhr, in the Province of the Rhine, German Empire, have invented a new and Improved Process of \Velding Metals, of which the following is an exact specification.

The present invention relates to a process for wehling metal pieces, particularly iron or steel pieces.

The process is based upon the knowledge that whereas under ordinary circumstances molten iron cannot be cast upon iron su-rfaces so as to stick at once fast the problem 1S solved when the metal is used in a highlyheated state, in which it results from the oxid by the use of aluminium, as shown by my former United States Letters Patent No. 578,868. The eli'cct of the process can'be explained thus: that in consequence of the highly-boa ted iron the adjacent parts of the iron pieces to be joined with the metal added b casting become quickly heated to the welt ing temperature and adopt the capacity of becoming joined with the metal cast upon them.

The process *an be used for different purposes. It can serve for repairing damaged 3 or defective cast or rolled iron pieces, whereby lacking parts may be easily renewed or two parts which in an undesired or defective manner are separated. from each other can be again rejoined. The process may also ordinarily be used for joining two metal pieces by means of the highly-heated metal east upon them. In any case it is an essential feature that the metal added, owing to its highly heated state due to the alumino- 0 thermal reaction, be in condition to constitute botha connecting material and a means for applying heat to bring about welding of the parts with which it comes in contact. In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similnr 'parts, and in which.

Figure 1 shows a perspective View of two rails to be welded, the weldin surfaces being'level. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a I modified form of welding; and Fig. 3 shows an elevation of two rails to be welded, the welding-surfaces overlapping each other.

Fig. 4t is a Vertical section of a rail, showing.

the arrangement of the clamping device for pressing the rails to be welded together. Fig. 5 is a side view of the device shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. l-relates to a welding of two rails in which the process is carried outin such a manner that between the surfaces of both metal pieces to be welded highly-heated molten metal produced according to the alnmina-thermo process is cast. The temperature of the added metal is so high that the extremities of both pieces to be welded adopt a temperature at which they become soft, and thus pass into a state in which. they are apt of being joined. In order toaccelerate-the establishment of this state, the 7 extremities of the metal viously be heated.

The employment of the alumina-thermo process for the production of the highlyheated iro'n has the advantage that the term pcrature of the metal to be produced, its chemical purity, and composition can easily pieces may prebe ascertained, which is not possible to such an extent with other heating processes, and

has the further advantage that a metal can 8 be produced the temperature of which is far beyond the melting-point of the iron .without the risk of changingthis iron with re gard to its purity and the oxidation of the same. I The process is carried out in the following manner: The two rails to be joined are placed ina certain distance to each other after the joint-surfaces have been carefully cleaned or, if possible, rendered rough or grooved, and the joint-surface has been surrounded by a suitable mold into which the highly-heated iron is cast.

In Fig. 1, a and 5 illustrate the rails. c is a suitable mold, and d the joint. I

The welding may also be accelerated by compressing the metal cast between thetwo rails, which is obtained by means of a suit able clamping apparatus, the construction of which is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the draw- 0 ings. The apparatus consists of two cla1nping-jaws which are connected by means of a connecting-rod. The jaws consist of two pieces and j,- which are connected to each other by nieans of the screws g. The pieces c and f are provided with grooves into which 'll'Oll. In accordance wit the rail fits, as may be seen from Fig. 4. By sc'rewin .the nuts h of the screws 9 down the railis erfect-ly fixed between the pieces and f. earthe joined urface of each of the rails a and b to. be joined one of the clamps so formed is fixed. Onboth sides of the lower piece f slots z' are provided, in which slots a bar 1:, provided with a fixed. head'l on one side, and with screw-threads 14 m on the other side is'fituated. Uponthe c -threads m a nut 'n is provided, by the screwing down of which nut the clampin -jaws are brought nearer to one another, t ereby pressing the joined surfaces of the rails a 15 and 6 together.. i

' The highly-heated iron used in this process is obtained in the followin manner: A mixture of aluminium andoxid of iron, (the latter chemically as' pure: as possible) to which mixture sesquioxid'of manganese, oxid of chromium, 'or Wolfram-acid may be added, isbrought to reaction'by means of igniting pellets. After the reaction is completed the contents of the crucible in which the reac- 25. tion has been-carried out consists of a layer of molten alumina floating on the top and underneath this layer hi hly-heated molten this recess the molten metal resulting from t e reaction should be. cast in contact with a metallic part without bringing the molten. slag into contact with such part. This may be done by first removingthe molten alumina aft-er whichthe highly-heated iron may be cast between the carefully cleaned weldin surfaces which are placed in the proper re ation to each other. As soon as the metal is congealed' it is put under a certain pressure y screwing the nuts n down, so that the 40 metal will gradually cool down under compression. 'After the mold a has now been removed, the joint may still be exposed to a finishing work.

It will be clear that the surfaces to be joined may have an convenient form and that the process can e used for joining any suitable metal. i

The direction of the pressure exercised upon the pieces to be welded after the highly- '50 heated metal being cast between the same depends naturally upon the form of the surface to be joined. If, for instance, there are angular surfaces to be welded, then the pressure must be exercised in a diagonal line or in the resultant of two lines being normal to the two angular welding-surfaces.

In Fig. 2 a plate I is shown, having an angular cut into which a plate p is messed. The pressure must here be exercise in the direction of the resultant 1' (indicated by the arrow) after the highly-heated metal has been cast between the weldihg-surfaces of the plates 7) and q. The mold is not shown in this figure.

In Fig. 3 another modification of welding responding to the shap the molten slaginto sisting is shown for the case of two overlapping surfaces. By welding two rails overlapping each other a large joint-surface is created, so. that the durability ofthe' joint is increased. F i

In the "same-,manner described above defective cast, rolled, or weld iron pieces can be mended. F 6r instanoe,'-there is a toothed wheel in which a tooth is broken off. In order to fix a new tooth on t"; respective place, the mold havinga fre mounted upon the daina ,part by means of molding-sand or the like. Then highlyheated iron, preferably corresponding In its chemical com osition to the material of the piece to be we ded, is cast into the mold. The metal becomes welded to the wheel, owing to the highly-heated state, in such a manner that the joint is butlittle or not at aflll less strong than the piece to be weldedl" The formation of a good and homogeneous joint between the part or parts tofgjbeg welded and the superheated metal added b" casting can be accelerated either by mec anical compression of the parts to be welded'together or by heating such parts or part before the I superheated metal is brought. into contact with the same. This heating can'be obtained by casting upon the ground'material the a umina resulting from the reaction of aluminium and oxid ofiron and also advantagcousl by a small coal-especially charcoal b ast-flame. For instance, after having adjusted the rails a certain (Luantity of charcoal may be placed around e joint and then heated under a downwardl -directed draft, thereby rendering the rai extremities red-hot. Thereafter it is only necessary to remove the charcoal and- "to clean the welding-surfaces by blowing oi'f the ashes, so thatthe rails are ready to become welded by casting the metal between the welding-surfaces. Having thus fully described the nature of by said invention, what I desireto secure by Letters Patentof the United States is- 1 A processjo f, .welding which consists in igniting a. mixture of a reducible. metallic compound and aluminium, and casting the molten metal resulting from the reaction in contact with zt nfetal part without bringing contact with such part. 1 adding metal pieces. or filling out hollow spaces I y casting, consisting in igniting a mixture of a re ucible metal compound with aluminium, removing the alumina resulting from the reaction taking place and then casting the highly-heated metal into the spaces, substantiall as described and for the pur ose set fort 3. A process for welt mg metal pieces, eonin cleaning the joint-surfaces, placing in a certain distance to each other,

2. A process .for

the pieces surrounding the ends to be joined with a m'old, igniting a mixture of a reducible metal compound and aluminium, removing the alumina resulting from the reaction takin place and casting the highly-heated meta etween the joint-surfaces, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

4'. A process for welding metal pieces, con sisting in cleaning the joint-surfaces, placing the pieces in a certain distance to each other, surrounding the ends to be joined with a mold, igniting a mixture of a reducible metal compound and aluminium, removing the alumina resulting from the reaction taking place, casting the highly-heated metal between the joint-surfaces and pressing the pieces together as soon as the metal cast between the same is congealed, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

A process for welding metal pieces, con sisting in cleaning the joint-surfaces, placing the pieces in a certain distance to each other. surrounding the ends to he joined with a mold, heating these ends, igniting the mixture of a redlreibie metal compound and aluminium, removing the alumina resulting from the'reaction taking place, casting the highly-heated metal between the joint-surfaces and pressing the pieces together as soon as the metal cast between the same is congealed, substantially as described and. for the purpose set forth.

, ti. Aproeess of welding which consists in igniting a mixture of a reducible metallic compound and aluminium, and casting the molten metal resulting from the reaction, free of slag, in contact with a metal part,

In testimony whereof I have signed-my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HANS (xOLDSCIlMTlTlX \Vitncsses:

' .lVonnmL-n: llAnP'r,

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