USRE11857E - Phonograph - Google Patents

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Publication number
USRE11857E
USRE11857E US RE11857 E USRE11857 E US RE11857E
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
record
waves
reproducer
length
width
Prior art date
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Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas A. Edison
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  • My invention relates to improvements in phonographs; and my object is to produce a phonograph wherein the loudness and-quality of the reproduction will be increased;
  • my invention consists in employing, in combination with a record-groove of the character described, a reproducer pre senting in cross-section to the record a curved form not greater than the curve of the cutting edge of-the recorder and preferably of a slightly-less radius than that curve and which presents longitudinally of the record a bearing-surface roundedto preventwear and of a materially-less radius than is presented to the record by the ordinary spherical reproducer.
  • the specific form of reproducer which I employ is a cylinder inclined-to'the tangent-of a'cylindrical phonogram'or to the record-surface of a flat pho-- nogram, the bottom edge ofthe cylinder engaging the groove and said edge being provided with a rounded head or projecting rib, which engages the record.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional .view taken lengthwise of the record-groove, illustrating the manner of forming the record by means of a recorder of the type described-in my said patent, the parts being enlarged for the purpose of clearness;
  • Fig. 2 a plan view, on an' enlarged scale, of ia record-groove produced by a recorder having a curved cutting edge;
  • Fig. 3 a. diagram showing in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, a portion of a record-groove, at a a spherical reproducer engaging with 'a record-wave of less length than width, and at b a spherical reproducer engaging with a record-waveof greater length than width;
  • Fig. 4 a section longitudinally through the record, on an enlarged scale,- showing one form of the improved reproduce! enga-gingwith a record- Wave of less length 5 than width;
  • Fig. 5 an enlarged section taken longitudinally of the record, showing the improved reproducing device placed in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 6 a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7, a side elevation of the preferred form of the improvedrcproducer, and Fig. 8 a section on the line-1O 10 of Fig. 7.
  • phonogram-blank which is preferably cylindrical in form, of a soap-like com position, as is now common.
  • Flat phonograms may be employed and other materials may be,used.
  • the recorder 2 represents the recorder of the type described in my said Patent No. 430,278, said frecorder having a curved cutting edge 3 and being preferably hollowed out to facilitate the gouging or cutting of the records.
  • the record will partake generally of the appearance shown in Fig. 2, being composed of a series of more or less connected gouges of varying dimensiOns,according to the amplitude or extent of movement of ,therecording diaphragm and to t-he rapidity of vibration thereof. Owing to the relatively-great diameter of Ihe'recording edge to the depth of cut all the depressions of which the-record is formed are characterized bya greater width 40 than depth.
  • FIG. 4 represents one form of the improved reprod ucer,which may be con- .nected directly to the diaphragm or to lever 8, which is connectedtothe diaphragm 9 by a link 10.
  • the reproducer is preferably cylindrical in form, with its lower edge resting in the groove, the axis of the cylinder being preferably inclined at an angle of about fortyfive degrees from the tangent of a cylindrical track accurately in the groove.
  • the curve of theengaging edge of the reproducer is not more than the curve of the cutting edge .3 of the recording device and it is preferably slightly less than that curve, so that the reproducer can always be free to
  • the curve presented by the engaging edge of the reprodncer longitudinally of the wave, as shown in Figf 5, is very much less than is presented by spherical reprmlucer, as may be seen from an examination of thisfigure. Hence a depression or wave which could not possibly be engaged by a spherical reproduce! can be accuralely tracked by my improved reproducer.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 The preferred form of. the reproducer is shownin Figs. 7 and 8, wherein the reproducer consists generally of a cylindrical shank having a rim 11 atiits bot-tom edge, the curve presented by such rim atright angles to-the record being shown in Fig. 8, while the curve which is presented by such rim longi tudinally of the record is shown in Fig. '7. It is evident that this form of reproducer can be placed at a less inclination to the record than the form shown in Figs.
  • thebearing-surface has a radius which is very much smaller longitudinally of the record than crosswise thereof, and this bearing-surface is one having the same width throughout its length, the length'of the bearing-surface being at right angles to the length of the record-groove.
  • the width of the bearing-surface may be reduced to the minimum when the recording-surface is made of a ma- I terial which is sufficiently hard to withstand the scraping action of such a bearing-surface; but with softer recording materials, the width of the bearing-surface of my improved reproducer should be increased to produce the requisite life of the record.
  • a phonograph the combination with -a phonogram having a record thereon formed of a series of more or less connected gouges or waves with rounded sides and bottom, some of said waves representative of fundamental tones and principal overtones being characterized by a greater width than length, of a reproducing device having-a curved bearing-surface engaging .the bottom and side walls of the record and of a form adapted to enter and accurately track all of such representative waves, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
  • a phonograph the combination with a phonogram having a record thereon formed of a series of more or less connected gouges or waves with rounded sides and bottom, some of said waves representative of fundamental tones and principal overtones being characterized by a greater width than length, of a reproducing device having'a curved bearing-surface which engages the record-groove and reduced in its longitudinal dimension, whereby the reproducing-surface may accurately track a wave-having a'less length than width, substantially as set forth.
  • a phonograph the combination with a phonogram having a record thereon formed of a series of more or less connected gouges or waves with rou nded sides and bottom, some of the waves representative of fundamental tones and principal overtones being characs I terized by a- .greater width than-length and said waves differing from each other in the slope of their descending and ascending walls,
  • the combination with -'a phonogram having a record thereon formed of a series of more or less connected gouges or waves with rounded sides and bottom, some of the waves representative of fundamental tones and principal overtones being characterized by a greater width than length, of a reproducing device having a curved bearingsurface engaging the sides and bottom of the record to accurately track all of such representative waves, said reproducing device being of such a form as not to engage simultaneously the descending and ascending slopes of the waves, substantially as set forth.
  • a phonograph the combination with a phonogram having a record thereon formed ofa series of more or less connected gouges or waves with rounded sides and bottom, some I of said waves being characterized by agreater width than length,- of acylindrical reproducing device placed at an angleto the record and with its lower edge engaging the sides and bottom of the record, substantially as set' forth.
  • a phonograph the combination with a phonogram having a record thereon formed of aseries of more or less connected gouges or waves with rounded sides and bottom, some of said waves being characterized by a greater width than length, of acylindrical reproducing device having a rounded bottom edge which engages the sides and bottom of the record, substantially as set forth.
  • an improved reproducer for phonographs having a curved engaging edge, said edge being curved longitudinally of the record in a smaller radius than at right angles thereto, substantially as set forth.
  • An improved phonograph-reproducer consisting of a cylinder having at one end a rounded bead or'rib, projecting beyond the periphery of the cylinder, which rib forms the bearing-surface of the reproducer, substantially as set forth.

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