USRE11672E - Filter - Google Patents

Description

0. H. JBWBLL.

FILTER..

Ressued June 28, 1898.

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UNITED STATES PATENTl OFFICE.

FILTER.

. n. JEWELL- SPECIFICATION formingpart ofy Reissued Letters Patent No. 11,672, datedJ une 28, 1898.

Original No. 546,738, dated September 24, 1895. Application for reissue filed September 7, 1897. Serial No. 650,846.

To a/ZZ whom -it 17mg concern:

Beit known that I, OMAR H. JEWELL, a citizen'of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois,

, have invented certain -new and useful4v Improvements in Filters; and l do hereby declare 'the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apro pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in gravity-lters of. the kind adapted for fil-- .tering large masses of'water and which are provided .with a power-driven agitator for stirring up the iiltering material during the process of Washing and cleansing the same.

, The Vobject ofthe invention is to provide a "*Tterhavngthe'highest efficiency; 'and which can be constructed and operated at minimum 'o cost for material and labor. c

The invention consists, brieiiy, in combining a filter and subsiding-ehamber inone tank or vessel'occupyng but one foundation and so constructed and arranged relatively that` z 5 the accumulation of sediment in the subsid ing-chamber may be conveniently removed and driven ont therefrom by mechanical appliance and without other power or machinery than that found in lconnection with the .go agitator;'which is thus utilized for this purpose. A

The' invention further consists in the novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and' 3 5 set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- FigureV 1 is' a vertical central section of a. combined iilter and subsiding-chamber embodying my invention; and Fig. l is atrans- 4o verse section of the same, taken on the' line S 2 of Fig.y 1. f i

Itis to be undcrstoodtliat the parts'formin g the filter proper, in which are comprised the filter-material tank and agitator, a'rc not fully shown and set forth herein,a patenthaving been granted for this part of the apparatus to Omar Il. Jewell and Ira II. Jeu-ell,"No'.v

509,126, dated November 21, 1893, to which reference is to be had fora more particular r 5o description, being practically.identicalherewith, except as to the reuuirenie'n'ts" for its.

connection with the*subsiding-chamber, and

i which will be clearlyapparent.

' A partial disclosure ofy his present inven- Y tion has alsobeen made and claimed in an apt. Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a cylindrical tank comprising a shell and bot-1 tom formed of boiler-iron r1ve`ted up and made. 6o

tightinthe usual-manner. Said shell or'tank is. divided transversely midway itslength by a partition-plate 2, supported' upon an annul lar ring of angle-iron 3, rivetedto the insideV of the shell and to said partition-plate and made tight therewith, forming two compartments or tanks, the' upper one open at the top and the lower a sealed one. `W'thin said upper tank is located the tlter-ihterI'tank,

the bottom of which is formed by the said partition-plate, to which'the 'shell portion'iy is secured by the angle-iron 5. Said materialtank is formed and set concentric within the main tank, leaving an annular space 6 bei tween said tanks.

A filter-.water manifold pipe 7, made in sections, extends diametrically across said material-.tank upon the bottom thereof with lateral branches upon either side therefrom, the whole. provided with screen-covered cup-openingsv into which the' Iiltered water en ters and'ows from the manifold down the filtered-water pipe 8 to thev water-reservoir outside the tank. ASaid-pipe is providedrwith a water-trap"9. Said filf below the filter-tank to form a dowliidraft by 1 1 v tered-water pipe is extended some distance removing the air-pressure from the ur'rdelv ive the air-pressure upon the 'water' above said bed,'and said'trap is for the purpose of lside of the filter-bed, and thus to make effect- 't wsealingthe lower end' of saidfltered-water pipe to preventthe air from entering therein above said trap when the flow and velocity (of water down the pipe is diminished by the accumulation of l impurities 'in the bed. l

l10 is-the lower tank or com partment, adapted i to form a. subsidin'g-chamber into which the unfiltered water flows through the admission valve'and opening 11, and-to Vthe Vbottom of f which sedimentary particles vgravitate andk 'are accumulated. Said .SubSiding-chamber com municates'` with the upper "filter-tank' by v55 plication led by me 'March 6, 1895, for im- .provements in filters, Serial No. 540,780.

means of a central bpening'ljormed through the partition!plate,`fmanifo1d,and pipe 13, the upper end ofjwhichgextends above the top kof the material-taugthe Ejoints between the several parts"being"'forn1ed and madel water-tight, so that the lunfiltered water can onlydischarge into or-nteifthe filter-tank through said central openingv and from the top of said pipe. Said central opening'is-extended below the partition-plate by a short pipe 14 vsecured thereto, upon which an elbowpipe 1'5 is loosely'ittedto turn, thereon. Said elbow is secnred'to the lower end of the agitator-shaft 16, and ,is adapted toA be rotated therewith, the shaft being extended and carried down through the centralV opening into Y the subsidiug-chamberfor this purpose. The

subsiding-'chambe is provided with a valved outlet 17 for-removal of sediment therefrom,

and with a4 manhole 18 convenient for construction and' repairs, andthe filter-tank is .provided with a valved -outlet 19 4at the bot tom of the annular space for the discharge-of wash-water and for drawing off any sediment deposited. therein. Thejltered-'water pipe is provided with a valve .2O upon the'outside of the tank, between which alate'ral pipe and valve 2l connects vthe wash-,watersupply stand-pipe or pump therewith, Vand .opposite :thereto a lateral pipe with valve 22 discharges into a sewer. Y

The practical operation -is as follows: The unfiltered water is admitted into 'the subsiding-tank yuntil it' is'f'ull',a`n'd" minti'nuest'o' flow therein, passing up the eentralopcning, filling alsolthe filter-tank to the desired height above the material-tank, at which point it is maintained during filtration, the water ltering downnand: passing through the trap-pipe to thepure-waterireservoirpas will be readily understood, andas the subsidiug-chamber is comparatively large the sedimenthasampleV time to settle therein. As soon as the water passes into the-*filter-tank from 'the subsiding-tank it begins topercolate through the sand or other granular material composing the filter-bed, and after passing throughthe bed is carried olf by the filtered-Water pipe 8.` Whena continuous'low of Water isA secured through the filtered-water pipe 8, the

downdratt exerted by the column of 4water in sid pipe creates and maintains a partial vacuum in the filter-bed, the vacuum being greatest in the lower portion of th'ebed. The -grai'ula A iitering 'materialfls 'consequently compacted by atmospheric pressure, the lower part of the bed being compacted more closely than the uppery part, thedegree of cornpactnessl gradually` diminishing toward the'upper surface of the bed. As the result of this condition of the filter-bed the impurities carried by the water to be -ltered are not all collected' at the surface of the bed, forming a-crustor substantially impervious stratum, as is thecasewhere granular lterbeds ofl substantially uniform density are used without suction, but only apart of the impurities are removed at thesurface, a

great portion of the suspended matter, by reason of its being in a more finely-divided state, being permitted to pass the more widely-separated granular. particles in the upper portion of the bed to be intercepted .afterward by the more closelycompacted particles in the lower portion of the bed.

\Furthermore, by employing the downdraft,

as'above described, fthe upper portion of the filter-bed, which usual/ly contains a compara tively large proportionfof the impurities, may be agitated by means of the agitators without interrupting the process of filtration, inasmuch as `the lower portion of the 4bed is maintained in a compact state by the dowm draft, preventing the passage' of the impurities freed by the agitation of the upper portion of the bed, the partial vacuum maintained bythe downdraft acting to prevent the agitation 'of anypart of the bed except th'atwhich is directlyoperated upon by the a'gitators.

In prior'ilters wherea loose granular-filterbed was used itwvas" impracticable to agitato the lterfbed' during filtration, because asy soon as thefuppercr'ust of thc bed was broken by the agitaters thetimpurities would at once be permitted to pass entirely through thebed and4 belcarriedoffin the .filtered water. f

bed lmay be repeated as oftenV asanay be desired, or it may be continuous, thereby .perinitting the mass of vtheimpurities'to penctrate further into thebed until the entire bed becomes Ysaturated ,with impurities, when it is necessary to wash the bed., as will be hereinafter described. v v It will be evident from the 'aboviedescription4 that a' filterV constructed as herein dev scribed .iscapableof use without washing for a much longerrperiod of-time than prior couvstructions, thereby effecting a great saving both in labor and in the Water used for wash-f In my improved l't'erfthc'agitationfof the roo' IIO

ing. `Furthermore, the capacityof the iilter is greatly increased,.as by distributing the impurities more or less uniformly throughout the bed and preventing the formation of ya thick crust at the upper s'urface the water isA caused to pass much more rapidly through the bed without interfering with successful filtration.

The maintaining of a partial vacuum in the filter-bed, as above described, further imits efficiency by effecting the coagulation of the suspended impurities, such coagulation being effected by the separation and concentration of the air contained in 1e water unprovesthe operation of the filter and increases der filtration, thus increasing the bulk of such impurities'and .enabling the llt-erfbed to 'intercept and retain them. The air' separated yfrom the water remainsv `toa great extent in the filter-bed and il especially useful in washing the'bed, sswhen the current of water is revliv'ed'in washing, vas hereinafter described, the rising Vthroughjthe filter bed causes a violent agitation vthereoiyliberating the accumulated impurities and permitting them to be carried up with the wash` water to the overflow. In iilt-ers of this class daily washing is usually required, While the sediment in `the scheiding-chamber may accumulate for a month or more before its rcmoval is necessary. The daily-wash is'performed by closing the valve to the subsidingchamber, filtering the water down, closing the valve in the pnrefwater pipe, and openingmopnection therewith to. the wash-watem stand-pipe or pump; forcing "the'waterl'p: through the filter-bed, during which theagir impurities fiowover the top of the-materialtator is kept inmotion and the washed-out tank into the annular space surrounding it and pass out through the-.valve-opening at the 'bottom thereof. `The wash-Waterv is prezo 'vented fron'getting-into the subSidi-ng-chamberv by the centrali pipe,whi ch.projects 'above' the top of the materiahtank for'this purpose.

The washis completed by closing the. valve of the annular space an'd permitting the first filtered water `13o/pass out. into thesewer instead of the pure-water reservoir.` As soon `as the downdraft`again"`becomeseiective the filter-bed is at once compacted to such an extent that it is necessary 'to ,draw oi only a very small amount of water after washing. To remove the sediment from the subsidingchamber, the contained water is first drawn oiand the Wash-water is admitted to the lter from tne'stand-"p-i pe," as fcr'thedaiy'wasn,

las

which may be carried on at the sametime, as described, except that the filter-tank outletvalve is kept closed,thereby raising the water therein tota higher plane and above the top of the central-opening pipe, down which the water falls with considerable force, aided centrifugally by the revolution of the elbow jupon the agitator-shaft, thus iushing the chamberand driving the sediment therefrom ing the daily wash or at any other time with' a saving of water is eected.

through the outlet-opening and making use of the-filter wash-water for the purpose,whereby It will be noticed that the elbow is perforated for a stream of water'to strike thev tank at the bottom. Any number of such may be used at various angles, if desired. It will, also be noticed that revolving the elbow, as is necessary durchanically removed, thereby securing'a largeA reduction in the cost of construction andoperating expenses with economy of Water consumption. l

I am aware that filters have been subv`ment can ,merged within ai tank or water-cooler, a space being left between' and 'around the filter, in which the tank or cooler is primarily a subsiding-tank to thefextent of the said betweenspace. Suchisnotmyinvention. Inegiyinvenr' tion the filtertank is supplied fromf'the subsiding-twill:l through a central pipe vertically elevated above the subsiding-tank and'above the superimposed` filter-bed, through v which central pipe little, if any, non-iioating sedipossibly find its way to the filterbed. l

It sobvi'ous that the character nof `myin- ,ventionwould not be materiallychanged by' connecting the subsiding-chamber bymeans of'pipes leading therefrom either upon the inside or outside of the tanks and discharg` ing above thetop of the filter-bed, and by having the agitator-shaft extended th rough a vstuiing-box bearing, withl an auxiliary shaft and agitator in the subsidiug-chamber adapted to be coupled and uncoupled therefrom to stir up the sediment, and with a valved water communicatibn between the annular space' and subsiding-chamber to wash out the sediment therefrom when stirred up, as will'be readily understood, and I do not therefore desire to have'my invention restricted to the exact form and arrangement of the parts shown herein. l

That which l claim as my invention, and

desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'` 1. 'In a filter, the combination of a filtern 4 tank, asubsldingj-'tankyzmd a filterenaterialholding tank, formed as described, witha' central communicating passage oropening between said tanks, an agitator for said filter, the sh'aft of' which passes through said central opening,rand projects into said subsidingchamber,and a pipe-elbow rigidly secured to said shaft, and adapted to be rotated thereby, to give force and direction to the Water passing down through said central opening andelbow, for ushin g out and removing the sedim nt from said subsidi'ng-chamber, substantia ly as set forth.

2. A filter consisting of a filtertank,a purewater pipe communicating with the lower por tiori thereof, a gran ular filter-bed in said tank, y the lower portion of said filter-bed being com-- pacted more closely than'- the upper portion IIO thereof, means for maintaininga partial vacnum in said filter-bed during filtration, and

IZO

means for reversing the iiow of water through said filter-bed, substantially as'described.

. A filter consisting of a filter-tanica puree' water pipe communicating with the lower portion thereof,- a granular iilter-bed in said tank ,means for main tai nin g a partial vacuum in said filter-bed during lfiltration, and agitators'adapted to agitatc the upper portionv of the bed, substantially as described.

lvitnesses:

J oHN L. JACKSON, ALBERT Il. Anaus. Y Y

OMAR u. Jnwrzrn. 7

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