USRE11333E - Tunneling machine - Google Patents

Description

. I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. R! STANLEY. TUNNELING' MACHINE;-

Bgissued May 9, 1893.

. I 2 mam-mes; 2. R. STANLEY. TUNNELING MAGHINE.

No. 11,333. Rissued May Q,

UNITED STATES PATENT OF .REGINALD srAN'LEY, OF-NUNEATON" A D TU-"MEN ELYITN -IM rem NE ermmqarrxon forming part Reissued Letters Patent No. 11,333, dated May 9, 1893.- Original No.414,893, dated NovemberlZ, 1389. Application for reissue filed September 8,1890. Serial-No. 364,378. Patented in i ilngleid l'ebruary 14, 1887, No. 2,312,;Tune 10. 1887, No. 8,375. fend Pehrnaryfi,1883.1).1/763; in Austria-Hungary, February 15, 1888,110. 41,106 and No. 5,202; in GermanyNuvahrbarMdSBS, No. 48,122; in Belgium November 17, 1888,

" No. 83,971; inirance November 21, 1888. No. 171,976} in Queensland Jone 12.1889, No. 945-; in New South Wale! Juno 12, 1889, No. 1,478, andin New Zealand June 21, 1389, No. 3,753. I I

To all whom it may cofil cerm adaptmy improvements-to such machine. Beitknown that I, REGINALD STANLEY, of Fig.- is a plan, and Fig. 11 is an end elevavhlnn'eatonfin the connty'o'f VVarwick,England, tion, of the sam e.- Fig. 12 is a rear elevation, have invented certain newand useful Imand Fig. 13 is a side elevation, of'the separate 5.provementsinTunneling Machines,(forwhich frame fitted with adjustable hinged. cows. --I have received Letters Patent as follows: Figs. 14 and 15 are views similar to Figs. -12 I No.2,312,-datedFebrnary 1.4, 1887; No. 8,375, and 13, but showing the.saidframefitted-with dated 'JnnelO, 1887, and No. 1,763, dated ,screwdzhreaded pins. Fig. 16 is a' perspective, February 6, 1888, all of Great Britain yNo. partsibeing broken away, of the dialing in- 10 41,106 andNo'. 5,202, dated February 15, 1888, strument. v v

"015Austr'ia-Hnngary;hie/18,122,datedNovem Similar letters in all the figures indicate ber;14, 1888,,of Germany; No.'83,971, dated similar orcorrespondingparts. V g V L N v b r .1 .8 1 'BQ e Z- 75,-i .--e-I-wil --fi.-r 13a cribe::my 'impmve ents b s5 'datedfNoVemberifi, 188 8, of France; No. 94.5, "reference toFigs 1 to 5. 1 r5 dated June 12, 1889, of Qqeensland; No.1,47'6, a, Figs. 1 and 3,, is 'the cog-wheehfshown datedJune 12, 1889, of New South Wales, and also detached inface view at Fig. 5,) fitted No. 3,753, dated J one 21, 1889, of New Zeawith the screw-threaded bush b,worki ngu on land;) andIdo hereby declare the followi'ngis or overth e thread of the central or screw- 6 afull, clear, and exact description of the inthreaded shaft 0. This wheel, hereinafter to vention, that will enable others skilled in the forthe sake of distinction called the f art to which it appertains to make anda-use'the pelling-whee1,is held in position on the frame same, reference being hadto the-accompanyd of the machine by means of a plate-e and ing drawings, and to the'letters of reference bolts and nuts f f. 1 g marked thereomwhich form partof this 'spjecig is the cog-wheel on the crank-shaft D of zsfimtion. the machine, to which wheel, through the in- My invention relates to boring or tunneling termediate wheel Z,'thepropelling-whee1 a-is .machinery of the class described in the specigeared. 3 Jication of Letters Patent granted to me and j is a shifting-fork operated by a handle'k dated July 13, A. D. 1886 ,"No;fi345,551. I I for throwing the cog-wh l g in and 0. In order to enable my invonfi'on to be fully gear. ,1 I understood, I will describe how it can be car 7; is a pin 1 serted through a holein th ried'into practice by reference to the accomwheel Z and in the frame (I of the machine panying' drawings, in whic1i- H when required to prerent the propelling wh l 3 ,"."Figure 1 is'a side elevation of a boring. or a'f-rom l'BVOlVlHg'WllllG the (sl tting-gear and. iitnnneling machine which is fixed inythe tunthe screw-threaded shaft 0, wlthfthe-arms m 1 nelduring the cutting operation and conand cuttersnattache'd'gtheretqare inmotion,

structed according to my present improveor any other suitable means can be employed merits, Fig.2 isa rear'end elevation of the, for thispnrpose. The screw-threaded-sh v l the same, partly inseetion. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 c, with "its arms. and cutters', 1s driv n f I4olare enlarged views of parts, of-the mach ne. the crank-shaft D of the-epggg-b n f Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a modified -form apin on J, mountedon-the said'shaft, h l iot horizontal .cutting-arms'. Fig. 7 is a plan -J" and a pinlon J on another sh g r a g of the said arms, and Fig. 8 is a front view of spur-wheel D on the screwathr gdgd hg on0 ofthe ends of the same. Fig. 9 is .'a side ,7 ois the cockvwherehy.thq r p "elerationof a boring or tnnnelingmachine, or-othert motrve flu d'is adm tt q Y which ispropelled during the cutting. opcraofi from theicyl nders f $311.8,- tionj, showing thev modifications necessary-to saidcock bery gsituated onf-t lgqgggpl y p pb p plate 6, as shown in Fig. 1, or to suitable part of the frame (1 of the machine, The free end of the lever is acted upon by a a on the threaded shaft when the rear end of the shaft has'worked to or ar back of the frame cl, and is mr to position shown in dotted lines, tr eh shutting the cock oand stopping the engine.

similar effect is produced wher 2E6 frame (1, which is being advanced, reac as or nearly reaches the hack of the arms means of a rod 4:, jointed to the lever having; its free end in a position to be ac K upon by the back of the arms on at the point w.

When it isre'qnired to work the engine, the collar u or the arms rm, having moved the rod 8- so as to sh-utthe cocko, the rod q is temporarily uncoupled from the projection 0 until the frame or the arms have sufficiently advanced to allow-of its being coupled up again without shutting the cock 0.

w a: are armsforming a horizontal new spray, (shown in Fig. 1 and in detachedplan View at Fig. 4,) jointed to the cap it at the back of the collar u on the rear end of the,

shafts-and intended to catch into the :two sides of the heading, so as to effectually prevent'the shaft 0 from being forced backwhile the frame at of the machine is being-moved on its carrying-wheels y y into pcsitionready to be-fixed to perform'a fresh ntting. The

armsvw ,w, in conjunction with the arms m,

which are set at this time across the heading,

servelo-assist in steadyingthe frame and in keeping it upright while it is being advanced betweenthe cuts. When the frame is lined and the cutting is commenced, the cap it and arms ma: areremoved and placed onone side,

It will be obvious, however, that other means could be employed for the same purpose as the; arms w a: are used-much, forexample, as a prop of timber set in the floor and roof of the heading at the back of the shaft 0.

The-pinion J on the crank-shaft I) of the engine works into the cutting-gearing, consisting ofthe wheels J, J and D, and is prevented f rom sliding in and out of gear while the engine is in, motion by means of a hinged bolto i,

The machine is worked :as follows: \Vhen it is required; to advance the frame and engine parts'of thernachine while the threaded shaft 0 remains stationary in the heading, the pinion'Ji-s put out of gear with the wheel J and thecog-Wheel g isput in gear with the intermediate wheel I, from which the fixing pin 11 inustbe removed. The ends of the cow or spray 00 a; are secured in the sides of the heading, the frame is unlined from the sides and top of'the heading by unscrewing the screw-pins m m and Z Z, respect-ivel andthe;

a will he thereby caused to revoive on the threaded shaft c and advance along the shaft, moving with it the frame and engine parts of the machine toward the back of the cutter-arms m as far as required, theshaft and c atter-arms meanwhile prevented from moving ha. award in the heading the cow or The frame canthen he again fixed in the heading ready for a fresh cutting operation, in order to cause the threaded "t c and arms m tc advance or retire without rotating, the frame d is dated in the heading hy means at the screwpins at c/ and Z Z, the cow or mast be removed, and the engine set in action. The engine will rotate t prepeli.ing-wheei a, and this will cansetne-shaft arms to move forwarder rearward, according to the direcfirm in which the wheel a is revolved. When the threaded shaft c and the cutter-arms m are required to be simultaneously rotated and advanced in order to perform acutting' operapelling-wheel a, be caused to ad Vance. Ni hen it is required to regulate thespeed of advaricej of the shaft 0 when the cutters meet with stones or other very hard material, or upon other occasions, the pin 'i is withdrawn, when,

the propelling-wheel a can be so regulated by means of a hraheor otherwise as to give way to the pressure and prevent the shaft'advancing in the frame as fast as it would otherwise do. The engine can be made so that it can a be reversed and worked in either direction,

or it can be constructed to work in one direction only. In the for-mercase it-will be obvious that, if required, the frame can 'be caused to move backward in the heading' hy simply reversing the engine and propping or supporting the radial arms m from the face of the heading, or securing each end of the said arms by means of wedges to the sides of the heading, so that when the wheel a is rotated the frame 03 will movealong the threaded shafthc toward thebackend thereof.

In the drawings I have shcwn-the machine provided with horizontal arms and cutters adapted to cut an annular groove in the head-' ing; but it will he understood that myinvention is equally applicable for use withradial arms having cnttersarranged on their face and adapted to cut away the whole-face of the headin .i

To allow the directienof-catting toheregulated, 1 find it advantageous to attach ,tothe machine a small diaiing instrnment a',fcon-' measuring fromthe shaft to the side in like. I

, threaded shaft to the sisting of a tube with two wires stretched perpendicularly to each other over the ends thereof; See Figsll and 16-. This instrument isar'ranged parallel with theaxis of the shaft 0, and by sighting through it at a light held at somedista'nce off in the rear of the working the direction of the cut-canbeaccurately seen, and-then, if required, be adj usted, or the following mode of working is adopted: After the frame and engine parts are advanced, and 1 before fixing'and making the next cut,1 measure with a gage from the back of the screwsides' of the heading,}so as to get it exactly in thelcenter, in which case, when the frame is fixed,it will cutstraight forward in the direction it is set or if it is de- SirdtO changethe direction of the cut-to the right or left the frame is fixed accordingly by manner.

By the use of the propelling-wheel a the frame-and engine parts of the machine can be moved forward and backward in a more sure and accurate manner than has hitherto been the case. A'saving in wear and tear is effooted, and the rate of advance of the cutters relatively to'iheir speed of rotation can be regulated. The withdrawal and advanceof the threaded ters, for the pnrposeof ch angingfthe cutters or for other'pn'rposes while theframe and en:

ginep'arts of the machine are stationaryare i elfected with greaterspeed and efficiency. than formerly, and a saving in time andlaborwi-ll obviously result in workingthe inachinc,-es-. pecially on level or rising headings. I

In this machine I have tal arms m m provided with sweepers or scrapcrssimila'r to those descrihedin my said: I sometimes, however,-. find-itadvantageons to nsethe form of arms.

former specification.

shownin Fi e. 6 7','and 8 in which the swee ers or scrapersare dispensediwifthi and a tawiltbe seen byireferring to Fig.

pass the front of the arms clog theiractiong The principle of the ta-t i.

and-sweeps of'rny saidiformer patent; but it pered projection b horizontal arms m on thefro'nt of each of-the work. Th e'thick'ness of the armsm is greater at'thcfront, from which the nose or tapered projection '2) projects, than at the back, as 8, sothat in cnttin gs that may willnotiwedge or the'pro'cessfof cutting any pe-redtprojection is the sameuas .the scrapers hasathe advantage that a narrower groove, can

:tinies found an advantage;

beI -mad e, which .-invery hard material is some-1 e-used in coinbi the tapered-projection ca n;

, nation withtzhefl said' scrapers. or'sweepers.

- 1 Referringtothe modified form ofmyinvention.iilustrated'-.in Figs; 9 to 13, the cntters are show-njjarrangednpon the face of theradial, arms carried by. the screw-th readed shaft c so flStO-ifillb fgawaythe entire face of the tiifn'nell- 'I hefentters are of! two fferent the cuts made by 'upper part. tended to bite into the floor shaft-c, with the arins'and'cut,

shafts g g,

hing against the side of shown'ihe horizon- .c is formed on ftion, and thezwhole machine is ed portion of the is'nsed for the purpose of. "clearin g the cuttingsfrom the arm ular groove,

so as to allow thearm-s and cutters to do their It isevident that.

the face off-the tunnel is c, frearcndof theshaf-t c hast-.wvorken t p-tn. the

lengths, as clearly shown'in Fig.9, the longer.

ones cutting into the the shorter ones serving arms mare provided with sweepers 'c', which sweep the cuttings and fine material-as they fall from the face of. the tunnel back to the side thereof within range. tached to an endless belt cuttings are passed from the front to the. rear of the machine, whence they are removed by any suitable means. The belt 6' is' carried on and worked by wheels f f which arereface of the tunnel ands to remove any ribs: that may remain on the said, face, between: the longercutters;v The;

of scrapers d,.ae .e, by which-the volved on the pro ecting'shafts 9 9 by' means of bevel-wheels h h,driven from the screw-;

threaded shaft '0, while the face'of thetunnel 1 Y i '85 The carrying-wheels y yare spiked or rough is being cut away.

ened, as shown, and the machine carries-simi larly spiked or roughened wheels y 'y atvits- These wheels and roof of the tunnel, and the bearings z" j are adjustable to alter the height and z" of their axles y and-g are in,

direction of the wheels by means of-set-screws k andl'. cutting-can be altered and regulated.

z a are rollers carried on the ends of the and serving to steadyand support the machine on that side by bearingand run- The screw-threaded shaft c is carried in' bearings at the front and back of the frame (I of the machine, and is prevented from sliding longitudinally by means of collars m in! fixed thereon;

a rearwardly-extendingwhile the .cuttingis in progress by means of a divided nut Cb'. in which the screw-threadshaft c workswhilethe cut ters are operating on the face of the to a frame p, formedseparate from the machine andadaptcd to' be fixed in the tunnel by means of a pair of cows q qr','ln'ounted on pivots r r, movable inlslots s's'intheframe p. Thedistan'c'e at'which the cows q project from the ends of .the frameis adjusted hy'op'eratingset screws tt' working-inthe pivots'r" and inf brackets of o' in the frame p.';, and when the frame. is ffiiced in position j' The screw thread of theshaft,

poradvanced tunnel. The two parts of the nutai'arehinged at n' By this means the direction of the ICC.

the cows bear agai-nStthefe'nds of. the angleiron of which the fram e; is for1ned'l; ;"l he frame'p' is al soiprovided with a smooth bearing wfdih allow the frame toslidealong. t

sliaftwllen the nut a after described. By. this. means when "the is opened, as herein-.'

frame 19 has been placed in proper position in the tnnnel, and thecntter-s'haftcis rethe screw-threaded extension offthe shaft,

.,working'in thesp'lit' nnt af, \vill caufse, the

volvefd to cut away the face of the fennel whole machine to [move "forward as fast as t away until the,

threaded shaftcar-ried by rnsssi or fender to carry the cuttings out of the path of the machine and into the'path of the carrier d e. Large pieces of coal or other material which escape from theconveyer can be picked up by the operative and delivered to the carrier.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a frame carried on central tandem wheels working on the floor of the tunnel, a central such frame, a driving wheel working on such shaft, radial arms and horizontal arms at one end of said shaft and provided with cutters and scrapers adapted for forming an annular groove'around the face of the tunnel, the said frame carrying engines and gearing for actuating the abovenamed' devices, and a spur wheel with threaded boss or bush working on the threaded portion of the said shaft, bearing against the frame, driven by gearing from the engine or eng1nes, and serving the purpose either of actuating the central shaft and its arms and i cutters whilethe said frame, its engines, and

gearing are held stationary in thetunnel, or

' of actuating the frame and its engine and gearing while the shaft and arms are held stationary, substantially as described.

1D. and carrying 2. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a bed frame,

intermittingly rotating cuttersconstructedto cut a'tunnel adequate to 5 receive the whole machine, a n anchorforsaid.

bedfram'e when the cutter frameis' advancing,.an engine on the bed frame, gearing con- 3 inecting saidengine'fto the'cutting mechanism for intermittently operating the same, and

- feeding devices operated-by said engine and connecting with the cutters and acting to ad- Vance the cutter frame when the cutting mechanism is operating, and to advance the bed frame when the cutting mechanism is stationary and not operating, substantially as set forth. v

3. In a tunneling machine, the combination 1 of a bed frame, a cutter frame mounted there in and carrying intermittingly rotating cutters constructed to cut a tunnel adequate to receive the whole machine, a rotatable nut 5Q shaft on the other of said frames and engagon one of said frames, a rotatable threaded ing with said nut, an engine, and two alternat'ely acting sets of gearing, one connecting said engine to the threaded shaft and the vother connecting said engine with said nut,

substantially as set forth;-

4. In a tunneling machine, thecornbination of a bed frame, a cutter frame carrying outters and having a revolving threaded shaft, an engine on the bed frame, gearing connections from the engine to said shaft, a rotatable nfuton the bed frame engaging with the shaft, and gearing connections from the engine to said nut, disconnecting devices between the engine and nut, anda lock for the nut to hold it stationary, whereby said shaft advances relatively to the bed when rotated a on tter frame mounted thereand the bedadvances relatively to the cutter frame when the nut is rotated, substantially as set forth.

5. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a bed frame, a cutter frameadapted to advance relatively to said bed frame, anengine having an engine shaft on said bed, connections from said engine shaft to the cutting apparatus;disconnecting devices between the engiueshaft and cutting apparatus, a rotatable nut on the bed frame, a lock for said nut,

a threaded shaft on the cutter frame engag ing with said nut, and gear connections bcf tween the'engine shaft and the said nut and adapted to rotate the same when the engine shaft is disconnected from the cutting apparatus, substantially as set forth.

6, In a tunneling machine, the combination of a bed frame, and an anchor for the same, a cutter frame mounted therein and adapted to advance relatively to said bed, intermittingly revolving cutters thereon constructed to cut a tunnel adequate to receive the whole machine and an anchor for said cutter frame, an engine on the bed frame and connections from said engine to the cutting apparatus of the cutter frame, disconnecting devices between the engine and said cutting apparatus,

and feeding mechanism between the engine on the bed frame and the cutter frame having. disconnecting devices therein, substantially as set forth.

7. In a tunneling machine, the combination ofa bed frame,a cutter frame mounted therein on a horizontal axial shaft substantially parallel with the path of advance and having cutt-ing apparatus operating at the outer ends of the'frame to form a tunnel or aperture of dimensions adequate to receive the wholemachine, an anchor for fastening the bed stationary while the cutting apparatusis at work,

an engine on the machine detachably con nectcd to the cutting apparatus and advanc ing mechanism, and adapted to alternately adva'ncethe bed and" the cutting apparatus respectively, substantially as set forth..

8. Ina tunneling machinathe combination.

ing with the tunnel wall, the engine ontheq' machine ,detachably connected to the cutters, and means actuated by said engine for advancing the bed, substantially as set forth.

:0, cutting mechanism is advancing, and means 10. In a tunneling machine, the combine: tron of a bed frame and acutter frame adapted to advance with relation to the bed frame, said cutter frame having a shaft rotating in a horizontal axis and carrying the cutters rigid therewith, an engine on the bed frame, and gearing connections therefrom to the cutter frame, whereby the engine can cause the advance of the cutter frame said gearing hav ing disconnecting devices therein, substan tially as set forth 11. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a bed frame, a cutter frame having a threaded shaft, a single engine on the bed- 'fraine,-gearing connections between the en-- gine and the: cutter frame for rotating said cutter frame, a rotatablenut on said bed frame, gearing connections between the engine and I nut, a clutch for throwing said gearing out ofi action, and a lock for said nut, substantially as set forth.

12. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a bed frame, a cutter frame mounted in and adapted to advance with relation thereto and carrying the cutters, supporting wheels for the bed frame situated in the central longitudinal plane thereof, and jacking mechanism connected to the bed frame above the center thereof and adapted to anchor the bed frame and adjust the upper part thereof horizontally or laterally, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix mys'ign ature in presence of two witnesses.

REGINALD STANLEY;

' W'itnesses:

T." RAYMOND BURTON, Ennns'r HARKER.

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