USRE11163E - kennedy - Google Patents

Description

` s Sheets-Sheet J'. KENNEDY &IL AIKEN.

HYDRAULIC CRANE.

Reissied May 5, 1891.

WW J

J. KENNEDY& H. AIKEN.

8 Sheefis-Sheet 3.

HYDRAULIG GRANE.

No. 11,163. Reiss uedMy' 5, '1891.

Me W witnesses I 8 Sheets--Sheet 5.

Reissud May 5', 1891.'

;inis

HYDRAULIC CRANE.

J. KENNEDY 83 H. AIKEN.

(Ez/W s sh ets sheet 8.

JJKENNEDY 86 H. AIKE-N. HYDRAULIC G'RANEA.

Reissued May 5, 1891 Ba x v 101 UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE, 4

JFLIAN KHNNICUY, OF LATROBE, A'ND I-EJRY AIKEL OF PIT' `SBURG,

- P S XTANI 'HYDR'AU LIC CRNEJ SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No; 11,163, dated May 5, 1891. Original No. 412351, date& October 15, 1889. Application for reissuc filetl August 16, 1890. Serial No. 362, 233.

To dll'uhom it may oncern: Be it known that we, JULIAN KENNEDY, of

Latrobe, in the'county of Vvestnorelaud and.

State of Pennsylvania, and HENRY AIKEN, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Hydraulic Cranesg and we do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, andexact description thereof, reference being had to the acconpanying eight sheets of drawings, in` which,-

Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a planyiew of the cranes, heating-furnaces, and the tables of the plate or other rollirg mill used ,in connection With the furnaces. of' our improved crane, illustrating itsoper ation in connection with one of the heatingfurnaces, which is shown in section. Sheet 3, is a .side .elevafion of the carriage and racking-oylindevhntl connection& Fig. 4, Sheet 4:, is a plan View of the racking-cylinder. tional views' of the racking-cylinder on. the line A A, B B, C C, andD D .inF'g. 4:. Fig. 9, Sheet 5, is a frontelevation of the jib and carriage. tion of the supporting-casting of the jib on the line E E, Fig. 2. Fig; 11, Sheet 5, is a section of'the casting on the lin e F F, Fig. 10.

Fig. 12, Sheet 5, is an elevation showing the valve-levers .and connections on the carriage. Fig. 13, Sheet G, is an elevation of the Valve-` chanber and valves. Figs. 14' and 15, Sheet G, are 'sections on the lines G G and H H, Fig. 13. Fig. 16, Sheet 7, is a vertical section of the base-plate and the lower end of the nast. Fig.17, Sheet S, is a section of the top steadi `ment of the crane and the top of' the mast.

Figs. 18 to 21, Sheet S, are details of Fig. 17. In describing our invention we will begin with the Construction of the crane, an elevation of which is shown in Fig. 2, Sheet 2. It has,

a hollow iron mast, the lower end of which rests and turns in a base-plate `and the upper end of which is steadied and turns in 'a steadiment et. It has also a jib 5, conposed of channel or other suitable bars of iron or steel, the enter end of which is supported from the top of the mas-'t by an eye-bar or eye-bars 6. Suspended ou the jib is a car- 'riage 7, which carries the gripping devices,

Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is an elevation' Fig. 3,'

Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, Sheet 4, are sec-` Fig. 10, Sheet, is a cross-sec the oper'atoifs seat, antl the valves and Valve- .3, which is moun'ted on the jib, is composed- 4 of two rectangnlar iron` frames 10, (see also Figs. 9 and 12,) 'which-are Suspended from the opposite sides of the racking-cylinder 8 andare fastened together by the various parts and structures'which are placed betweenand supported by them. Extending longitudinally near the'bottom of the 'carriage is the' lifting-bar 11, Figs.`2 and 3, which is comand at ;its outer' end has a `downward extension 18,' having un inwardly-projecting spur 19.' Mounted on "the part 13, which acts as a guide there-to, is a slide 20. This slide isprovided at its on'ter end with a spnr 2l`and constitutes the other member of the.

gripping mechansm,

as is clearly shownin Fig.'2, and

the accompanying enlarged detail, where the' gripping' The slide 20 is* two Spurs 19 and 21 are shown as an ingot 22 between. them'. e operated by a'horizontal cylind`er23, monnted on the carriage, the 'pisten of which is con- `posed of two pieces 12 and 13, Secured to- I nected with the slide by a p'itman 24,' Figs. 2

and 3. The rear end of 'the bar llis pivoted to the car'iage at 25, and a vertical movement or oscillation on its pivot 25 is given t'o the 'bar to enable it-to. pick up and lay down an ingot orother bnrden by-means of a vei'- tical cylinder 26, monnted between the vertical side frames; 10 at the enter end of the car-iage, Figs 3 and 9, the piston-rod 27 of which is connected by a yoke 28 with the bar 11, said yoke reciprocating vertically between the side frames 10 of' the ca'riage and thereby raising or lowering the outer or grippingl end of the bar 11. The barll is made in two parts 12 and 13, because the outer end enters the furnace and is liable to become warped and distorted thexeby or to be bent by the weight of the burden. In such case the whole bar does not have to be replaced,- but only the outer or injured part 13, which is easily done by loosening the keys 16 and 17. The operators seat 29 is placed on the cylinder 23, and platforms 3U are provided, so that he need not stand nor step on the cylinder.

The oaZre-chamber ancl mbes-Te will now describe the valve-chamber, which is also mounted on the carriage, and is so constructed as to provide common supply and waste pipes for all the valves instead of separate' ones for v each, as heretofore.

Reference is now made to Figs. 13, 14, and on Sheet 6. Each valve 31, Fig. 14, has a sten 32, which passes through a gland or stufng-box 33 at the lower end of the Valvecase 34. It works in a tube or cylinder 35, and is provided with two heads 36, one at each end of the cylinder, fitted with flexible caps 37, hearing against the sides of the oylinder. The cylinder is encircled by three passages-one 38 around the middle and one 39 near each end.- The passage 38.communicates with the valve-cylinder 35 by vopenings and the annular passages 39 with Valvecylinder by perforations 41. Theends of the cylinder 35 open into a passage 42.` 'In our' improved constructionshown in the drawings four of these valves are inclosed ina common valve case or shell 34, in which the passage 38, by which the water is suppliedlto the valves,

mon supply-pipe 43' serves all the valves. The outside of the communicatingpassage 38 is shown in Fig. 13, and the manner of communication with the valve is clearly illustrated by the sectional views, Fig's. 14 and 15. Ex tcnding around the four sides of the valv'e-' case 34 is the waste-water channel 42, which i's indicated partly by broken lines in Fg.- 13 and partly by full lines at the left side of the figure, where the shell is broken away. As

stated, the ends of the valve cylinders 35 open into this passage, so that the waste water may escape from the valves into it, and thence into a com mon waste-pipe 44. The passages 39, of

which there are two for each valve, do not communicate with the like passages 'in the other valves', but are separate and distinct.

They communicate with the opposite ends of the particular hydraulic cylinder which isoperated by the valve they are connected with by means of the pipes 45 and 46.

The operation of the valves is as followsz The operator moves the proper lever 47, Fig. 12, to actuate the valve in the proper direction-say, for instance, downward, as in Fig. 14--and then the water from the supply-pipe 43 passes from the chamber 38 through the openings 40 into the eylinder 35, and thence by perforations 41, passage 39, and pipe 46 to the end of the cylinder operated thereby, where it acts on the piston in the desired direction. At the same time the down'ward movement of the valv'e opens communication between the pipe 45, which leads from the other end of the hydraulie cylinder by means of the upper passage 39 and perforations 41 -and the cylinder 35 above the upper Valvehead 36, so that the waste water in front of the piston in the hydrauliccylinder can pass freely out into the waste-passage 42, and thenc'e to the waste-pipe 44. I This explanation will be more readily understood by referenee to Fig. 3, where the eirculating-pipes 45 and' 46 are plainly shown in connection with the cylin'der' 23.

The racking cyli'nden -At a proper point on the jib 5 is a rigid casting 68, Figs. 2, 10, and 11, which supports the station ary piston-rod 48 of the racking-cylinder 8, the main su pply and waste pipes, and the circulating-pipes, which lead to the cylinder 9. -The racking-cylinder 8, carrying the carriage7,reciprocates on the stationary piston 48, which is secured in the middle opening of the casting 68. The main supply and waste pipes 49 and 50 lead from the mest 2 to the left- hand fchambers 52 and 51 of the casting. 4 Fastcned in the other end of these chambers' are .pipes 53 and 54, which .extend to the end of the jib beyond the end of the raeking-cylinder`8 andare there supported by a suitable p1ate;55,Figs;3 and 9.

'Similar pipes extend from the right- hand chambers 56 and 57 of the casting; but these pipes are designed`,'as will be hereinafter described, to convey the water to and from the i cylinder 9. The racking-cylinder 8 (see Fi-gs. communicates with each valve, so that a com- 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) is' cast with side wings. in

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which are four water-ways, 58, 59, 60, and 61, i

two in each wing. The pipes 53 and 54 from the chambers 51 52 extend through the ways 58 59,`and the pipes from' the chambers 56 57 extend' through the ways 60 61, and the ends of the waysare closed around the pipes by glands or stuifing-boxes '62,' 'Figs 3, 5, and

8, which permit the cylinder to slide freely over the pipes' 'and yet prevent. the escapeof the water. The' pipes 53 54 and their companion pipes on theiother side of the cylini der are perforated, as at 63,;Fig. 8, to permit the passage of water at a point which, when the cylinder 8 'is at its outermost position, shall still be within thewater-ways. Communicationis hadbetween the chambers 58 and 59 and the valve-chamber34 by means of the ports 64 and 65, Figs.-3an-d 6, with IZO which the supply and wastepipes43 an'd`44 connect. in Fig. 6) extends through the cylinder-casting from the water-way 59 to the pipe 43, which leads thcnce to tlrepassage 38, and the port 65 (shown in full lines in Fig. 6) extends" i through the cylinder-casting from the water- The port 64 (shown in broken lines way 58 to the pipe 44, which extends thereto 7 from the waste-passage 42. ports on the opposite side of the cylinder are clearly'show. These ports 66 6.7 connect-the water-ways 0 61 with the pipes 45 46, leading to the valve which controls the operation of In Fig.'6 the like- V have each valve-connection pipes 45 46, while the cylinder 26 has but one pipe 46. This cylinder is vertical and its piston main'tains the weight of the bar 11. The pipe 46, when the valve is depressed, as in Fig. 14, admits' the water under the piston and raises it; but when the valve is raised and communication is opened between the pipe 46 and the wastepassage 42 the weight ot' the piston and the` bar 11 forces the water back through the pipe 46 into the waste-passage and the pisten descends. Thepipes 45 46 of the racking-cylinder 8 are connected to its opposite ends, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5 and in Fig. 4. The valves are operated by bell-cranks or levers 47, mounted on a cross-shaft 69 between the side frames' 10 in front of the operator's seat 29, said levers being connected with the Valvestems 32 bylinks'70. (See Figs. 3 and 12.)

The mash-XVewill now describe the top of the mast, in which connection reference is had to Sheet 8 of the drawings. As stated,

the mast is a hollow metal column. Its upper end consists of a heavy hollow casting 71, to which the eye-bar 6, which 'supports the outer end of the jib, is fastened. The upper end of this. casting 71 is round in cross-section and is twice redu'ced in diameter, as at 72 and 73. The reduced portion 73, which constitutes the journal of the mast, turns in an annular ring or collar 77, the inner surface of which forms the 'hearing for the` journal 73, and/the outer,

surface, which is of spherical shape, allows the collar to vibrate or oscillate in its hearing to conpensate for any deflection of the mast' or movement of the roof structure and thereby preserve a uniform hearing of the journal of the mast in the collar 77. The latter is centered in a heavy casting 74, called the top steadinent, which is securely bolted to I- beams 75, supported by the root of the building. The steadiment has a circular opening 76, and its lower end extends down sufiicientlyto surround the thicker part 72 of the mast-head. The .rounded sides of the collar 77'bear against a corresponding concave surface or seat in the steadiment. Inverted-T- shaped recesses are formed in the sides of this circular concave seat, in which four T-head bolts 78 are placed inan inverted position. Surrounding the'seat in the upper surface of the-steadiment is a circular seat, in which is placed a circular plate or ,follower 79, having four holes SO for the passage of the ends of the bolts 78 and a curved or concave inner edge 81 to bear on the upper partof the ring 77. This follower is Secured firmly in place by nutsscrewed on the projecting ends of the bolts. This construction is intended to give theupper end of the mast a steady uniform hearing as it swings around under aload, and to counteract the tendency of the roof, caused by its expansion and contraction, to sub ect the mast to -injurious strain and-frictiou. The

i shape of the bearing-surfaces' of the ring 77 and its seat permits the mast to adjust itself to all changes in the roof and maintain an even and steady hearing without strain or unnecessary friction'in all its movements. The reduction in the diameter of the top at its .journal 73 reduces the leverage and enables the crane to be operated with less power and greater efficiency, while if for any reason the reduced portion or journalshould break the mast would be prevented from falling by reason of the projection of' the thicker and stronger part 72 up into-the skirt 82 of the steadiment. i

1 he supply and waste'ppes.-Fastened to the inner part of the mast by a sui table brace or braces 83 is a fitting 84, and extending through its upper and larger end is a'vertical pipe or tube 85, which is screw`ed into the threaded lower end of the vertical member of the fitting. The vertical member ot the fitting is enlarged about the middle to form an annular chamber 86, in the side of which is a threaded-hole to connect the waste-pipe 50, leading-thereto from the chamber 51 of the casting 68, Figs. 17, 2, and 10. At the extreme lower end the fitting 84 curves around laterally and is provided with a threaded opening to connect the supply-pipe 49, which leads-therefrom, to thechamber 52 of the casting 68, Figs. 17, 2, and 10. The vertical pipe 85 extends upward inside of alarger pipe 89, which is screwed into the threaded upper 'end of the fitting 84, and 'there is an annular passage 90 between them, through which the waste water ascends from' the pipe and chamber 86 to the discharge-pipe 92, With which it comnunicates through the annular chamber 91,while the supply-water descends from the pipe 93 and chamber 94, through the smaller or and thence to the racking-cylinder, as we have described'. Set-screws 95 96, Fi 20, penetrating the sides of the fitting 8I and bearing against the pipes 85 89, hold them rigidly thereto, so that they shall turn with inner pipe 85 to the pipe 49,

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rose

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74 by suitable legs 97 is a cylindrical casting 98, to which thesupply and waste ' pipes 93 and 92 are att-ached. .The lower end of this cylinder has a large bore for the reception of the upper end of the large uter pipe 89, and this bore terminates in an annular chamber 91, with which the waste-pipe 92 communicates. The pipe 89 passes through a stuffingbox 100 at the lower end of the cylinder 98. The bore of the cylinder above the chamber 91 is reduced to the size-of the inner or smaller pipe 85, which passes through a stuffing-box 101 therein and terminates at the chamber 94, with which the supply-pipe 93 communicates; In chamber 94 is a perforated invcrtedcup-shaped piece or follower 102, the lower end of which bears against the packing 101, and by means ofvthe set-screw 103, which eX- tends through the cap 104 of the cylinder, may be forced down upon the packing 101, so as to compress it tightly upon the pipe 85, and thereby form a perfectly ti'ght joint. The

water-supply passes through the pipe 93 and through the perforations in the follower 102 into supply-pipe 85. The cylinder 98 is not rigidly connected to .the pipes 85 and 89, so that they are free to turn theren as the crane swings on its axis. Pipes 92 and 93 are rigidlyand permanently attached in place, so that it is desirable to have the cylinder remain stationary while the crane'turns.

The 'rotating cylinder connect'ions.-' `he cylinder 9, by means of which the craneis rotated, is 'placed on the ground in proper position with relation to the foot of the mast, Fig. 2. Its piston is connected by a rod 105 with a reciprocating rack 106, which engages a gear-wheel 107, mounted on the foot of the ina-st, Figs. 2 and 16. The lower end of the mast, upon' which the gear-wheel 107 is mounted, consists of a heavy casting 108, to which the shell of the' mast is bolted, and this casting has a small opening through its center for the passage of the circulating-pipes. It is stopped in a hemispherical foot 109, which is fitted into a correspondinglyhaped bowl-like concave socket 110 in the baseplate 3, the meeting faces of the parts 109 and 110 being ground to fit into each other, so as to have a perfect hearing and admit of an easy turning to themast when it is deflected by the load, as it would otherwise tend to bind thereim' Ifby reason of lack of lubrication or heating of the journal of the mast, it should exert undue f-iction in turning in the foot 109, the lat-ter will turn in the socket 110, and will thus prevent wear or cutting of* the hearing until the causeof friction therein is removed. The annular hearing at the top of' the mast is also preferably revoluble in the top steadiment for the purpose of' effecting a similar result. The mouth of the bowlv shaped base-plate is made with a heavy strong bead 111 around it, which extends' above the lower edge of the hub of the gearwheel 107 and of the thicker portion of the casting 108, so thatif the lower end of the mast should break it 'cannot become un-. shipped from its seatyand thus danger of its falling in such case is guarded against. Se cured by suitable braces 112 in the hollow of the mast is a cylinder 113, similar to'cylinder 98 at the top of the mast, to which the circu-` lating-pipes 114 and 115, leading' from the chambers 56 57 of the casting 68, are attached. In the base-plate 110 is a chanbe'r 116, ,from which a pipe 117 leads upward to the cylinder 113, and also in the base-plate at a point abovethe chamber 116 is a second chamber i 1 18, from whicha larger pipel 19 leads up to cylinder 113. The pipes 117 and 119 are secured rigidly to the base-plate by screw-threads and set-screws, as shown in Fig'. 16. Thepipe 119 extends through the stufling-box 120 in the cylinder 113 and terminates in the chamber ,121,withwhich. the pipe 115 connunicates, while the pipe 117 extends through the chamber 121 and through a stutfing-box .122 and lead to the opposite end's of cylinder 9.

te'ninate in the chanber 123,\'ith which the pipe 114 com municates. The packing 122 is compressed by means of a perfcrated' in- Verted-cupshaped piece or folloWer124,which is forced down therecn by means ;of a setscrew 125, extending through the cap of the cylinder. The water which enters through the pipe 114 passes through the chamber 123 and the perforations in the part 124 into pipe 117. The pipe 119 'is suflieiently large te form an annular passage 126 between it and pipo 117 ,which p assageleads down to theeham- .ber 118, while the pipe 119 leads down to the chamber 116.' Communicating with the chan bers 116 and 118 are pipes 127 and 128, which operation of the cylinder 9 is controlled by one of the valves 31 on the carriage 7, the connection being through the pipes 45 46 66 67, water-ways and 61, pipes`53 54, chambers 56 57, and pipes 114 115, which connect with the cylinder 113. When it is desired to force the pisten forward in the cylinder 9, the valve is so moved by the operator as te cause the water to flow therefrom through the connection-pipes just named into pipe 1141, whence it passes by chamber 123, pipe 122, chamber 116, and pipe 127 to the outer end of the cylinder, and acting on the pisten forces it ontward in the cylinder, ejecting the water from the front end thereotthrongh the pipe 128, chamber 118, pipe 119, chanber 121, and thence by pipe 1-15 and the other connections; hereinbefore described, to the Valvechamber whence it asses bv the waste-chaunel 42, waste-pipe 44, port 65, watenway 58, pipe 53,-chamber51,pipe 50, ehamber 86, pipe 89, and charnber 91 to the dischargeppe 92 at the top of the mast.

-In Fig. 1 we illustrate the arrangenent of two of our improved cranes as we have theni in practical operation. The two' cranesare The arranged back to back in the center of a cir cle formed by six heating-furnaces 130, three .of said furnaces being served by eachof the cranes' The feed-table131 of a plate or other rolling mill extends within the range of the jibs of the cranes, so that the letter can enter any one of its particular furnaces, seize an ingot therein, retract it from the furnace,

feed-table of the rolling-miil. The ingots are brought to the furnaces by a tramway or track 132, one branch of which lies in front of each group of furnaces. A suitable car 'and Swing it around and deposit it upon the 133 for conveying the cold ingots to the heating-furnace runs on this track, and the furnaces are charged by means of the cranes, the lifting mechanism seizi'ng an ingot in the manner hereinbefore described as it lies on the car, lifting,it,inserting it into the fu'rnace, and, after placi'ng it properly therein,

releasin g itand withdrawing from the furg nace.

charging the furaces and serving the rolling- 3 The entire operation of charging and' dis- -the crane and manipulatesthe valves. I From the tme an ingot is placed on theea-r andthe car is run .to the furnaces' it is nottouched nill is accomplished by the cranes .withoutthe intervention of any manuallabor what ever, except that of the operator, who sits'on.

or moved by manual labor until 'after it-is placed upon the mll-tablajl' y reason of the 'capabilities of our improvedcrane. and their utilizaton, as shown; jini. F ig.`,1-, a great saving of time aud gl'abor is efieetd, and the' whole operation is carried on much more rapthe grippingmechanism by moving the lever" of the valve which controls the cylinder 235 All of the operatingwalves being placed on the ea'riage, which is mounted on andtravels '3o with the jib, the operator moves with' the jib and 'oceupie'sa fixed' position: relativelvto the work, such .thatheis always near it and has itunder close inspeetion Thisenables" ..him to operate the erane with greater' pre cision and "-apidity and with less danger to the furnace and other objects withwhich it is used than caxbe done'with' any crane where thelevers and operatofis seat are on the mast or in some other place less i'avorable 4q,for inspection of 'and at a greater distance from the work. With such cranes there is constant liability of objects coming between the operator and the work ,-aud as he is .usu ally dependent upon signals for direction he is constantly liable to sw-ing the i burden against the side croof of the furnace or other object and thereby inj ure it. v

With'our' improved crane ingotsand other objects can b'e introdueed into or taken from furnaces and similar'places horizontally with' greataecuracy and safety. The furnace can' be' very eloselyfilled and theingots moved therein by the operator alone and without the 'necessity of any-signaling or additional labor; 'except :for gpeniug and closing thedoors' of the furnace. ,The operator moves with and is always near the work, and .by means ofthe several leve's can operate the ponderous machine with immen'seloads with the ease and precision'of ahand-tool.

While we have described and 1lu strat ed our invention for use with a gripping device for gripping and raising ingots, we do not,

wish to limit ourselves thereto, because the bar 11 may be provided with aforked or spade end,-upon which' the burden may -be placed {Thus constructed the operation of our imand by which it may be depositedin the furnace jupon suitable "i-este, which will permit the; fork -o r spade to be withdrawn from erin se'rted under the burden. 'In such case the 7o cylinder %tii-and the parts operated bvitwould ;be dispensed with. I *i The'use of -a "novahle 'ackng-cylinder is an important featu'e,`because`it enables the work, and thereby 'dispenses 'with the necessityof projeoting 'the' lifting-bar therefrom., and hence gives the bar astrouger and better support; renders it more manageable, and pre serves the same distance between the end of the bar and the operator-s seat. The use of rigid eirculating-pipes dispeuses with fiexible pipe connections for the racking-cylinder and makes a: better, more elficient, reliable, and eompact structure. The constructionuof the ti water-conneetions in the mast, whereby the rigid supply and waste pipes 93 and 92 can be'nsed withxthe otating mast and the fixed cireulating-pipes of the cylinder 9 can be sup; plied lironi the rigid pipes ni'ounted on the go swinging jib, are also of importance, as they form simple and eflicient means of .conducting the water without-interfering with the movements of the inast or jib anddispeise with the use of fiexible pipes. of the valves in one ease having.common supplyaud waste pipes is not only convenient; butffects a very large saving by dispensing i with. Separate? .eopnecting-pipes to each valve." *and gives'a more eompact and permanent ar ree rangemet. In`t he present instances twosuch pipes do thework ofeight,

It is necessa y,-'in'order that-the operator may have a fixed position to and-close inspec p 'L tion. of 'the work; that his seat, the' lifting R `mechanism, and thevalves which control 'th movements of the rackingeeyl-inder and; lift ingmechanisnr should be connected mane `travel with .the jib, ami fthatjthe carriage-:- upon 'which the valvesf and liftihg *meehanismf u o are carried shouldbe moved 'byfthef racking i cylinder; i

i It-is a great conveni'euee, "saves the neces 1 sity of an additional operator, and increases e the rapidity and aceuracy of the movenents `5 of theeraue to addto the valvesplaeeden the carriage the valve which 'Controls the' opera tio' of the rotating-cy1ind`er`9; 'but thisisnot necessary' to give the operator afixed 'psition With rrelation to the lifting devices, aud there- 1 20 fore we do notde'sire to 'limit'eur claim fiorthe means by which the latterend is efifected by including therewith the plaeiug of the valve of cylinder 9.011` the carriage. 4

In the claims relating broadly tothese com- 125 v binations We do not wish it to be understood that we' confine .ourselves to' a novable r'ack'-; ing-cylinder, because, although we prefer-that construction, the use of a statioary racking pisten foractuatifg the carriage is an obvious equivalent, andsueh aone as a person skilled carriage to travel back-and forthwith the 75 I The uniting cylinder mounted on the jiband a movable I 30 v in the art could 'substitute' ihercfo'r. The same is also true of the connections between the circulating-pipes on the jil and the valves ou the carriage.

It is a-mere matter of ealculaion and arrangement on the part ot' the skilled person With our Construction before him to substitute therefor others that will work, and therefore We do not by claims speeifically setting forth our particular connections Wish to limit ourselves to their use in connection with mati ters covered by other claius.

It is apparent that the pivotedlitting-bar can be made to move sidewise instead of vertically to reach over the end o the ingot or other burden While we reter to our invention as an improvement in hydraulie. cranes, we do not limit ourselves to the use of water, but include also steam, air, gas, oil, or other fluid as the equivalents thereof.

What We claim as om' inventiou, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combin'ation, in a hydrauliccrane, of amovable racking-cylinder mounted on the jib, a carriage' provided with lifting devices Suspended on the racking-eylinder, and valves for controlling the movements of the rackng-cylinder mounted on the carriage, substantially'as and for the purposes described.

2. The. conbination, in a crane, of a hydraulic motor eomprising a racking cylinder and plunger mounted on a jib, a carriage moved along said jib with the moviug element of the motor, lifting devices carried by the carriage, and valve-operating mechanism also carried thereby and controlliug the racking-cylinder, substantiall y as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, in a crane, of a hydraulic motor comprising a racking-eylinder and plunger mounted on a 'jib, a carriage moved with the moving element of the motor, hydraulic lifting devices carried by the carriage, and valves also oarried by the carriage and controlling the' lifting devices and the racking-cylinder, substantiall y as a'nd for the purposes described.

4. The combination, in a hydraulic erane, of a cylinder and mechanism operated thereby for rotating the crane, a jib, a carriage mounted upon said jib, cireulating-ppes extending from the cylinderto the carriage and return, and a valve for said circulating-pipes located upon the carriage, substantially as and for the purposes described. v

5. The conbination, in a hydraulic rane, of a mast and jib, a carrage supported on the jib, lifting devices nounted on the carriage, 'a hydrauli'c cylinder for raising and lowering said lifting devices, a hydraulie cylinder for advarcing and withd'rawing them, valves mounted on the carriage for controlling said eylinders, and circulating-pipes exte'nding along the jib to said valves and connecting the same with'the source of supply and with the cylinder, substantially as and for the the exhaust, substautially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combiuatio:: of the jib,'the stationary piston, the movable racking-cylinder, a carriage supported on the racking-cylinder, a valve to control the racking-eylinder placed on the carriage, and circulating-pipes extending from said valve to the opposite ends of purposes described.

7. The eombination of the jib, the stationary piston and stationary main cireulatingpipes supported on the'jib, a movable racking-cylinder having also chambers through which the circulating-pipes extend and with which they communicate, a carriage moved with the racking-cylinder andsupporting the valve thereof, pipes connecting said valve with said chamhers, and pipes connecting the valve with the opposite ends of the rackingcylinder, substantially as and for the purposes described.

' 8. The conbiation of the rotatingmast, the jib, the movable racking-eylinder on the jib having also four chambers or water-channels through whichthe eirculating-pipes extend, a stationary pisten and four stationary circulating-pipes,a cylinder at the foot of the mast for turning the same, circulating-pipes extendiug from the opposite ends of the turning cylinder to two of the stationary ciroulating-pipes on the jib, main'crculating-pipes extending to the other two stat-ionary pipes, a carriage noved withthe raoking-cylinder and supporting the valves which controLthe nast-turning cyliuder and the racking-cylin-` der, pipes conneeting said valves' withzthe chambers in the racking-cylinder, and pipes co'nnecting one of 'the valves wi-th the opposite ends of the racking-cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes described.

9. The combination of the mast and jib with main' supply and waste pipes leading down the mast and out along the jib, a'rackng-cylinder supported on the jib with which the said pipes connect, a carriage supported on the jib and aetuated by the making-oylinder, a valve for controlling the operation of said cylinder placed on said carriage, and lif tin g devices supported by the said carriage, substantially as and 'for the purposes described.

10. The cou1bination,in a hydraulic crane, of the jib, a movable earriage mounted on the jib, a pivoted horizontal lifting-bar mounted on the carriage, a hydrauhc 'cylinder for raising the lifting-bar, and' a valve and suitable water-connections with the cylinder and the source of-water-supply, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

11. The combinationof a series of two or IIO moredo uble-acting hydraulic piston-valves, a t

single shell having individual chamberswithin which the `vallves are mounted, common waste-passages formed in the shell at each end of the valves,' a common supply passage number o'f h'yd raulic motors from a common supply withoutoperating the 'remander,

a ting 'actuating-levers wherebyany one of a I substantiall-y as and'fo- 'the purposes described.

12. 'Phe eornbination, with' two or nor'e double-acting hydraulic iston-valves within a sngle'chamber or she land havingindependently operated `actuating-levers,'of common supply and waste passages, whereb'y any one of-a number of hydraulic cylinders may be operated from a common supply without operatng the remainder, substantially as described.

1 3. The ombinaton of two or more doubleactng hydraulic-valves-il within a single chamber or shell having independently-operated actuating-levers, a common distributing lulet-passage 38, to which thecommon supplyp-pe s connected, a common waste or exit 'passage 42, to which the common waste-pipe sconnected, and separate annular passages 39 for each valve at op'posite sides of the common passage 38, which are connected with the service-pipes of the cylin der controlled by the valve, substantially as and -for the purposes described. u

14. The combi'ation of the fixed piston and movable racking-cylinder with the fixed circulatng-pipes extending through longitudinal water-ways in the sides of the racking-eylinder and communicating therewith by means of perfo-ations formed in said pipes near the limit of the inner movement of `tle cylinder, and suitable connections connecting the water-ways with the valveor valves by which the water is controlled, substantially as and.

for the' purposes described.

15. *In combination with the jib, the movable racking-cylin'der having water-ways exte'nding longitudinally through its sides, fixed creulating-pipes extending through said water-ways and supported beyond the'ends 'of the cylinder, said pipes conmunicating with the water-ways by perforationsin theirsides, and suitable connections 'connecti'g the .water-ways with the valve or valve'sbywhieh for the purposes described.

16. In a crane, the combinatit n, with the" ni y be operated 'the base a spherical foot s of a rotating mast having cireulating-pipes extcnding through' the same with statonary non rotary supply andwaste pi pes connected .`there'wit,`h by intermediate chambers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

19. The comhination of the rotatingmast provided with. eirculating-pipes, one' within the other, a cylinder or easing 98, having ' chambers 91 and 94, with which the said pipes 'espectively communicate, and-a cupped follower 102 in the chanber 94, said follower, hearing on the packing of one o'f the circulating-pipes and being perforate to afford passage of fluid therethrough, substantially as described'. a

20. In a erane, an upright rotary mast haV.- ing a top journal of small diameter and an adjoining thicker portion, in combination with a top steadinent having a thick metal ,skirt extending down around the said thicker portion, snh'stantally as and for the purposes described. a

.21. The com'bination-of themast having a hemispherical. foot in which it ,is stepped with a base-plate having aconeave socket for receiving said foot, said socket being provided with a strong rim extending upabove the foot, and a gear-wheel upon the mast, the hub of said gear-wheel 'extending within said rim, substantially as and for the purposes described.

a 22. The combinatiouof the hollow rotating.

nast, the *base-plate; two circulating-pip'es, one within the other,rigidly attached to the base-plate,'the inne' and smaller one extendind er att ached to and rotating with the mast, chambers provided with stufling-boxes within the cylinder, in which the ends of -the pipes terminate, chambersj in-gthe-.bse-plate in which the lower en'd'fthe pipes terminate,

of "a'inotor mprising. a racl-ing-cylinder and pl'ungermountedon'j Ujit), and a carriage provided-.with lifting, devices Suspended di rectly from the-movin'z-element of the motori and 'inovablezttherwth subtantiallyas'nd for themi-'poses described.

24."In`a crane, the combinationgwith an up-right mast having a top journal, of an annular hearing within which the top journal is revoluble, said annular bearing having a spherical outer surface, 'and a top steadiment having a concave seat within which the' spherical annular bearingis rotatory, substatallyas and for the purposes described.

25. In a cran, an upright mast having at et in a correspond-` ingly-shapedsocket and at the upper end; a

IOO

'ing beyond the ends ot the ou'terone, a cy1-` spherical hearing having a coneave seat, snb- In testimon y whereof we have hereuhto set stantally as and for the purposes described. omlands this 26th day of June, A. D. 1890. 26. The 'otato'y mast having at its foot a, JULIAN KENNEDY.

spherieal hearing in which it is -evolubly IIENRY AIKEN,

stepped and a `concave socket in which the witnesses:

said hearing is journaled, substantally as W. B. CORWIN,

and for the purposes described. II. M. CORWIN.

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