USRE10936E - Isaac w - Google Patents

Description

I. W. HEYSINGER.

Assignor to THE PHILADELPHIA NOVELTY MANUFACTURING COIPANY.

HAIR GRIMPER.

No. 10,936. I Reiss ued June 5. 1888..

ii-("iii 15 7 4 WI QESSES: I INVENTOR.

i 30 down.

ering thereof.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC \V. HEYSINGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILADELPHIA PLACE.

NOVELTY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME HAIR-CRIMPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No, 10,936; dated June 5,1888, Original No. 309,954, dated December 30, 1884. Application for reissue filed March 1898. Serial No. 267,909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Issac W. HEYSINGER, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cer- 5 tain new and useful Improvements in Hair- Crimpers and in the Manufacture thereof, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this to specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a haircrimper partially embodying my invention, showing the soft-metal core, the interposed reenforcing strip, the textile or woven covering,

l5 and the longitudinal seam by which the said covering is secured, no cement having been used. Fig. 2 shows acore of soft metal in which the metallic wrapping, which is turned over to form the seam, is made of a'separate 2o sheet-metal strip, the textile or woven fabric 2 fabric, and the completed seam before rolling in cross-section. Fig. 4 is a modification in which a double fold is taken along the edges of the fabric, when the latter is made self-sustaining and no stitching is used before rolling Fig. 5 shows the seam as rolled down flat upon the core to'sccure the same. Fig. 6

a is a side view of the flat surface of a hair-;

crimper partially embodying my invention, in which the surface'of the fabric-covering the core has been rolled under embossing or figu red rolls to give the said surface a pebbled or other ornamental finish, and in which, also, the ends of the crimper have been dipped in cement to prevent the unraveling of the ends of the cot- Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a length of hair-crimper stuff before cutting the same into cri m pers, and shows the stitches by which the seam is fastened to the core. Fig. 8 shows a plan view of length of core to be afterward covered with textile or woven fabric and cut into crimpcrs-nponthe crosslines shown in the figure, in which the said core is of various diameters, so as to form the finished crimpers with ends thinner and more flexible than the central portion or body of said crimpers. Fig. 9 shows the method by which a sewing-machine is adapted to produce aihaircrimper embodying my invention.

The lettering inall the figures is uniform.

My invention relates to the construction of a hair-crimper provided with a core of soft metal surrounded with a covering of textile or woven fabric and adapted to be used for crimping the hair of chi1drcn,-ladies, or others by winding separate strands of the hair around the said crimper and afterward turning in the ends so as to clasp and hold the hair until it has become set in its new twisted direction, in which said hair-crimper the covering fabric is out into strips of a suitable width in the process of manufacture and wrapped around the core, so as to form a sheath or envelope for the same, and fastened by a row of stitches running longitudinally through the center of the crimper and passing through the core, so as to make a secure seam, and also prevent the covering from stripping off the core longitudinail y into whatever length the crimper may be cut, whereby the use of cement or metallic caps, or other similar attaching meanswhich have heretofore been used for such purposes,

are dispensed with and a cheaper and stronger crimper is made than those in ordinary use; and also, as hereinafter described, and fully set forth in the specification of my Patent No. 309,854, of which this is a reissue, to a similar flat metal hair-crimper or length of haircrimper stock in which no stitches are used, the textile covering made self-sustaining, the

edges of the flat metal core doubled over at the sides, so as to overlap and retain the edges of the covering-strip and form a continuous seam along the middle line, said stock passed-under com pressi ng-rolls and subsequently cut up into crimpers; and to a continuously-braided soft-metal crimper, as hereinafter described, inwhich the braided covering is attached to the softmctal core by a row of stitches passing through the same; and to a soft-metal haircrimper formed with swells and contractions upon the metal core thereof and provided with a textile covering; and also to a hair-crimper, as hereinafter described, and fully set forth in my original specification of sakgtent, having a core of soft-metal wire and a covering of fabric and an interposed re-enforcing strip laid between the said wire and the said cover- 5 tag, and attached thereto from end to end to roduceasofterand bulkier crimper ofgreater exibility and durability whena single core and a single wrap are used; and also to a haircrlmper or a length of stock to be divided into hair-crimpers composed of a ductile inelastic core of soft-metal wire and anon-metallic covering attached thereto, in which the surfaces thereof are rolled under embossing or figured rolls togive the said surface a pebbled, figured, or embossed finish to assist in holding made rectangular or flat in cross-section, it

may be used as delivered from the die; but if of round sectional form, it should be flattened between-suitable rolls.

It is well known in the art that soft metal, when drama or forced into the form of a continuous wire through suitable dies, is capable of being made much more ductile from having its grain or fiber laid along its length by this process than if out into strips from a sheet a of thin metal, and the increased ductility thus secured for my lead wire renders it possible 4010!- me, without making it brittle, to double it at the sidw by folding its edges over, so as to overlap and retain the edges of the coveringstrip, as will be hereinafter dwcribed, when no stitches are used. By this method of man-. ufacture I am enabled to produce a laterally overlapped or folded metal core which has far more ductility to resist,withont breaking,

the frepuent flexions to which it is subjected,

than i cut from sheet metal in strips of a suitable width, and in far greater continuous lengths and ata less cost. While I sometimes use other soft metals-such as iron, copper, or soft brass-I prefer to use a lead wire, which is forced through a die bypressure, as the lead requires no annealing, gives a larger body to the crimper in proportion to its flexibility than the other metals named, and is entirely free from elasticity, which is an important fciiture in practical use. I provide a strip of textile or woven fabricsueh as muslin, linen, silk, stockinet, gum-cloth, or other like material-of such width that it may surround the core, leaving a free edge to be turned over and inward to form a seam, D, upon the top surface of the length of crimper. To furnish these strips of uniform width and with the hair, or in which the surfaces of said erimpmanufacture of said c'rimpers, as will be deeconomy, I take a piece of the goods to be used from fifty to a hundred yards in length. and wind the same tightly upon a roll rotated by -a handle or pulley. \Vheu the rollis completed, I fasten down the free edge thereof across the roll with paste or glue, and then remove the said roll from the rod upon which it v has been wound. After drying' the cemented edge, I place the roll endwise in a paper-ant ter, such as is used by printers, the width of each out being properly graduated by a gage, and cut off wheels of thefabrie of the proper width. 1 place each wheel 0 in a vertical case, in which it is adapted to rotate, or place it upon an axle beneath a sewing-machiuetable, F, Fig. 9, and loosening the pasted edge I draw it upward overa roller, K, at the edge of the machine-table, and so forward through a flatchannel, H, thesidcs of which are gradually turned upward and then turned toward each other, andfinally turned in to the proper degree, somewhat as in a sewing-machine hemmer, so that the strip is delivered under the needle in the form of a hollow case or tube with a folded upper side. Just where the strip of fabric passes the edge of the sewingmachine table and the roller K the core joins it and afterward travels with it. The spool B, from which the lead core is unwound, is

so placed as to deliver the core along the ecu-- ter line of the strip, which is thus folded around it and seamed above it, 'as shown in Fig. 9. The foldedv material then passes be? neath the needle, being fed either by the sewing-machine feed or by a special feed, and is stitched with a lockstitch by the jointly-acting needle and shuttle through the fold, the lead core, and the covering beneath. 1 It then passes onward, and I prefer to pass it between the compressing-rolls K K, which close down the burrs made by the needle passing through the lead core, and compress the lead around the stitches, so as to more securely hold the same, and at the same time, by their suitablyroughened surfaces, figure or emboss the surface of the crimper-stuff, which may also be figured or otherwise ornamented by aseparate pair of rolls or other means, if desired. It is then wound uponthe reel B, which receives its motion from the sewing-machine by aslipping belt, so that it keeps the stud between the needle and the reel B at the proper tension. The material thus wound upon the reel B accumulates until the reel is full, when the reel is removed and an empty one substituted.

While I describe the above operations as being performed on an ordinary sewing-ma chine, I only do so for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the method of manufacture, and I do not confine myself to the use of a sewing-machine or claim the sameas a part of my invention in this application. After the completion of the roll above described, it is fed from the reel into a suitable cuttingmachine, whereby it is out into suitable lengths for hair-crimpers, or may be left in longer pieces to be cut off from time to time, as desired.

In order to prevent the ends of the crimpers from unraveling or the threads of the stitches from drawingout, I sometimes seal the ends, as shown in Fig. 6, by dipping them, asordinary lucifer matches are dipped, into a bath of liquid glue or cement, which I afterward. dry. As these are dipped in large quantities at one operation, the process is very inexpensive and a smooth finish is given to each end. I prefer a solution of shellac for this purpose, though other cementing material may be used, if desired. I also sometimes prefer not to stitch the covering to the core, but to make the cover itself self-sustaining. For this purpose I roll out the lead wire into a core of flat wire having thin lateral edges, or use a core of metal wi re, a flat re-en forcing strip of sheet lead or the like interposed between the wire and covering, and a covering of textile fabric, the re-enforcing. strip and covering seamed over the central wire and attached to each other from end to end, as shown in Fig. 3, the rolls K K completing the seam D, which is afterward flattened and embossed.

I I do not limit my invention to any especia form of fold or seam, but use any of those known or in general use, whereby the free edges of the fabric may be turned inward nnder the folded edges of the metal strip, and be securely held thereby. Nor do I confine myself to the precise transverse sectional forms of the metal core shown in the figures, my i nvention being designed to produce a crimper by the conjoined use of the metal core and covering-strip seamed thereto and attached along its whole length, whether by the turned-in edges of the metal or the row of stitches, or other, like means, substantially as described.

Sometimes I- use a coreof the ordinary s'ectional form, (see Fig. 2,) and lay a strip of sheetdead or like flat flexible and inelastic material inside the strip of textile or woven fabric, so that both are fed and turned in over the core and seamed at the same time.

For certain purposes it'is desirable to have the bodyof the crimper of considerable size, as for curling the hair. As this would, if the core were ofuniform size throughout, make it lnorediflicult to bend the ends inward to hold the hair inward in place, in such case I roll, cut, force, or draw the core into the form shown in Fig. 8, whereby when the crimpers are cut off, the ends are of a. smaller thickness than the centers and may be readily turned inward, while the hair, which is wrapped around the middle, may be of considerable bulk.

\Vhile I show a single covering around the core, I sometimes fold the fabric twice or more around the samebeforc stitching it down,

' whereby a softer and bulkier crimper is made than with asingle wrap. I also sometimes lay two flat soft-metal strips upon each other to form the core, instead of a single one, whereby greater flexibility and durability are secured.

Instead of bundling the finished crimpersin dozens, I sometimes spool the stuff in lengths of one or more yards, which may be cut off .into different lengthsat will by the purchaser to suit his convenience. I also sometimes, instead of covering the coreiwitha strip of fabric, braid a covering around it like hoop -skirt wire, and afterward run a row of stitches through the same to secure the covering to the core. I also sometimes wrap the strip of textile or woven material in the form of a spiral 'around the core, and then seam it to the'core by a row of stitches running along the crimper, as described, and I also modify my invention in various other equivalent ways, such as would suggest themselves to any intelligent mechanic to meet special requirements.

Having now described my inveution,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. As a new article of manufacture, haircri-mper stock consisting of a continuous core of soft-metal wire and a covering-strip of flexi-' ble non-metallic fabric applied thereto. said core attached continuously to the said fabric, the edgesof said strip seamed by a. continuous seam, the said stock adaptedto be cut into suitable lengths, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a flat hair-crimper composed of a ductile, 'non-elastic core of soft-metal wire and a covering-strip of non-metallic fabric, the edges of said fabric secured together by a continuous seam, said wire attached to said covering-strip from end to end, substantially as described.

3. In a hair-crimper, a soft-metal core consisting of a central body, B, and a flat selfsnstaining strip, B, in combination with a covering of textile fabric, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In ahair-crimper, a soft-metal core consisting of a central body, B, in combination with a flat sclfsustaining strip, B, laid upon said body B and having thin lateral edges, and a textile covering, C, surrounding said interposed strip B and attached thereto con tinuously from end to .end, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a continuous length of hair-crimper stock, consisting of a soft-metal core and a covering of flexible non-metallic fabric, said fabric being attached to said core by a longitudinally-stitched seam, said stitches passing through both the covering and the core, the said stock adapted to be cut into suitable lengths,.substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. A flat metal haircrimpe'r having a textile or woven covering united thereto from end to end by a series of stitches in which the threads pass through both sides of the covering and through-the metallic core of the said IIO -; crimper, and haying the sides of the needlethe ends thereof, in combination with a textile 10 ihqles swegeddown upon the threads, so that covering, 0, attached to said wire cpntinu- 4 ggthe eove'rin"sl; |all not strip from thesaid ously from end to end, substantially as dexore when the said crimperis cut into various scribed.

i '5 lengths, substantially as described. Y I I Y i in; .1 In a liair-erimper, a soft-metal wire hav- I ISAAC HDYSDIGDR jngma lengthttl lereoflprovided with swells \Vitnesses:

it shi1oomra tmns1s B','sothat the body of the JNO. NO AN,

crimper'mey belof a diflerent diaineter from P. ()"DOHNELL

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