USRE10846E - Jambs b - Google Patents

Description

NT QFFEB JAMES I3."wrnLIAMs',-'oFsA .nRANoIsoo, AssIe'Non TO .J MnsL. on

. FnnMnnY;-'on oair'nann-oanironnni; v

COM'P'QSITION or. MATT R-roe rrisUrATrNo 'M ATERI' LL SPECIFICATION forming at-Dreame Letters atent No. 10,8445, dated June. 2 1, 1887. Original No. (55,495, dated February 2,1386. Application for reissue-filed May 27, 1887. Serial No. 239,583. (No specimens.)

To aZZ whom it'nmy concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES B. WILLIAMS,

of San Francisco, itrthe county of Sau'Francisco and State of California, have invented anew and useful composition of matter, being an improvenient'in insulating material for insulating conduct-01s of electricity and 'for the better insulation of instruments now "used insulators,whether made. of glass or other nia terial, of which the following isa specification.

My composition consists of the following in gredients, combined in about the'proportions stated saturated solution of pure gutta-pcrcha in chloroform, fort-yitw parts, by measure; saturated-solution of pure indiarnbber in chloroform, thirty (30) parts, by -measurqi saturated solution-of colophony in 'benz0l'e', fourteen (14) part-s,' by measure;saturatedso luti'on of gumda'nnnar in bcnzole,iten (10) parts, by measure; saturated solution of as -phalt in benzole, i'our (4)-parts,-by'measurq anhydrous parafiine-oih two (2) parts by' measure; powdered silica or its equivalent, a sufficient; quantity, as hereinafter stated, ex-

cept when a thin coating is desired, when. the

silica may be omitted altogether.

The proportions above given are relative only, and may be somewhatvaried without impairing the efliclency of the compound as an insulating medium.

If it be desired to applya heavy coating of the compound to fibrous material covering wiresasin the manufacture of insulated wires and electric cables-the silica is added in sufficient quantity to produce a thiclc viscid compound, which can be applied -'by any of the 'methods employed for saturating the coverings of wires with'insulatlng material.

I am fully aware that the difi'erentingrediouts of which my compoundis composed have been used for the purposes of insulation, but never, to my knowledge, have they been com- I bined as in lay-composition.

Carefully-made experiments with-a quad- "rant electromcter and a Ruhmkorff coil havedemonstratcdthe fact that a small area of the compound, when applied as hereinafter described, is sufficient to prevent the leakage of very high-tension currents across its surface.

The usual method of using wires for tele-' graphing and similar purposes is byi'astening themto instruments of glass or'other nonfcon It is a well=knownfact that leakage of the electric-currentfrom wires so suspended does 'not takep'laccjin'to "the air,'exccpt'undcr very rare -conditions;'- hut'it is also. a well-known fact that leakage does-take place'th'rough and across the insulators commonly used. When across or-over the surface of the insulator, it

is known as surfaceleakag'eflt andthis is the most difficult form ofllc'lkage to prevent.

Glass insulators of various shapes are proba- My the best for ordinary purposes; but glass is hygroscopic, and except during dry ,hot

weather contains a film of moisture upon its surfaceL-This film of moistureis a partial conductor of electricity, and readily allows a portion of the current to pass over the iusulator to the poles, and thence to the earth or to neighboring wires supported on the same pole or cross'arme Particularly is this the case during rainy weather, or when the poles or other supports are-made of metal, or when the wooden poles have lightning-rods fastened to them.

Manufacturers of glass insulators'give them i such shapes that a considerable. extent of surface intervenes bctween the wire fastened to them and the cross-arm, studs, or brackets to which the insulators are attached.

Several forms, of insulators are :used, composed of various insulatingcompounds;- but with the exception of a few containing paraffine or-other moisture -'repelli'ng substances,.

almost all will allow the deposition of a film of moisture, or some chemical product which is a-partial conductor, upon the surface which is exposed to the weather. Even whenwires areco'ated with.,many insulating compounds nowin use, and then suspended t'ronrthe poles made in the frame-work of .buildi ngs for office- ,conncctiohs, a constant leakagefitakesplace through the coverings eithe wires. can be demonstrated by spccial methods V of testing. 1

Theprincipal object'of my invention is to provide an efiicient insulation for wires carry- This fact I or othersupports, and passed through holes" ing eleetrie v currents used Tor-telegrupliing; telephoning,.eleetrie lightin g}, transmission 0f power, 850. but theeompoundnnay also be-applied to various other herei hafter stated.

purposes, as will be .i For the insulation of wires suspended on insulators the compound is applied tothe entire surl'aee, or in one or more zones on the inner aud'outer. surfaces of glass or other insulator 10 used for thejattaoh hent or wires by being. painted upon themwitha brush while they are insitu on the poles, studs, or brackets; or

"it maybe applied to them b'efo're they are placed in position upon their --various supports by the use-of a brush, or by immersing them in the compound and afterward draining off the superfluous compound.

In additionto applyingitheeonipou nd t'o the insulators; it is also applie d to the coverings of saturated with insulating material, as t'liey the wires insulated'jwith a layer ofcotton fiber pass through apertures ih'the frame-workof material to which the various office electrical instruments, are fastened, the object being to buildings and through the wood-work or other thoroughly insulate the wires in'every portion of their length ,where they or LhCiLVFLIiOlIS 00 v;

' erings-eoine in-eontaot'wit'l any substance through, or over thesurfaee rent may be grounded. p p .The eompound may also be usedi'or coating of which 'theeurz,

. ,iheinsulating-supports offtes'ting "end other- 1 kinds of electrical apparatus in the mannfaev age is'al'most entirely preve'nted,' Whether the turing ofeondensers, and for-a1lother purposes 35 i r When applied as hereinstated, surface-leak;

,to which insulating-compounds are applied.

.of 'guttapeireha, Jindiarubber, coloph0ny",

condition of'the atmosphere be huinid or 0th er rise. V v The compound is-applied eold,'and whether applied to the surfaces of the different substances to'be insulatedlby the use at a brush or bythe' substances thenjiselves being immersed in it and. the superfluous -eompouud drained off, the'solveuts of the different ingred'ien'tsemployed in its manufaeturerapidly 'ev nporate, leaving the compound as-Ta [hard flexible senii-transparentvconting, which re to'zn hieh it may be applied. I do not elaini'the inodeof affixing' ny invention to eoiiduetorsof electricity, nor t'o-ear, bles, wires, or other nia'terialsor substances, asthis may be done by well-known methods, the invention havingno connection ivi'tli-lhe act of placing theeom pound upon the matter, f

"mains permanent] y attachedtoanysubsianoe 1'naterial,-Qrsubstanceto be insulatedi I do not eluini as'any part of; ny-invention; any of the ingredients; takenL-separately, off

which niy invention is eoinposed, as their in- 5; sulati'ng properties are vell known;

Having. described myihrontion, rhat'Iiloelaingand d 'esireto seizure by Letters jlaientof; the United States, is%

I} An eleetrieinsulatiug eomp'oiiind composed-e guni-daiuniar, and asphalt, nll in sol ution, an d anhydrous paralii'ne oil with or withoutpow-v dered silica; iii-about the p report-ions stated;

. New Yorlooity, May 10, 1881i.

'- I JAMES-Ti \VILLIAMS; g

' Vitnesses; 3 v Z i Gi-nis, G. T. Win-inn, Jn, H 'HENnrE. 'Evnnnmeh e is