USRE10746E - miles - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1'.

W. A. MILES.

GHA RGOAL KILN.

Nd. 10,746. Reissued July 20,1886.

To all whom it may consent;

' UNITED PATENT OFFICE.

CHARCOAL-KILN.

'SPBCIPICATIONforming p rror'fi iufue'a Lettera'Patent No. 10,746, dated July 2a, 1886. Original No.225 f297, dated mitt 9,1880. Application for reissue filed October 0, 1880; Serial l fl'o 18,553.

Bait known thatl, WILLIAM Mas of... Oopake Iron Works, county of Columbia, and State of New York, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Charcoal-Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description of the; same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in the constructiou'of the kiln, and to the manner of operating the same, the object being to pro. duce a very perfect quality of charcoal and at the same time to avoid the loss heretoforeresulting from burning the wood 'itself that is. being carbonized. i

Heretoforeit has beeunsual. to pack the wood into the kiln and startf'the fire in the middle, and theheat required todr'ive off the. volatile matters and carbonize the wood has been obtained principally from the partial combustion of the wood that is'beiiig carbonized. In some instances where the kiln has been covered with earth, such earth has been removed near 'the center and fresh wood in-- troduced to prevent the'kiln falling in from the shrinkage of the whole mass from partial combustion. l v i I make use of wood of inferior quality for producing the heat and I supply more of this wood from time to'time, so as to obtain the required heat for driving'ofl' the vol'atilematters andcarbonizing the'better quality of wood, the kiln being constructed so that this can be done, audso that the air which supports combustiou will only reach the wood that is to be consumed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of my improved kiln; Fig. 2,v a side elevation partially in section, and Fig. 3 a sectional elevation of a modified formof the central tube. L x j A represents the base portion of the kiln, constructed generally of any suitable size and shape and proper material. I

a represents the kiln proper, resting upon the basepcrtion, which is constructed gener: ally of any proper shape, but preferably of the form shown in thedrawings.

a, Fig. 2, represents a pit or fire-chamber formed in the base portion, and a an ashchamber below it, communicating with the passage-way o having the exterior door, a,

.as shown.

a represents an arched chamber constructed over the pit a, which is provided withasuit ablen-uniber of side openings, (1, by means of ,which com munication is made with the interior of the kilu. v

(t represents a central tube extending from the top of the arched chamber a to the supplyopening a at the top of the kiln, which latter shown. g

. a 0, represent openings located ncar'the the kiln. [If desired, also, a series of. lower 'is'provided with the air-tight doora, as

upper end of the tube, by means'of which, also, communication is made with the interior of openings, dccrcasingin'arca astheyapproach the arched chamber, may be made'in the tube, as shown in Fig. 3. B represents an annular. pipe surrounding the kiln near its base, whjch-isprovided with a series of branches, 11,- leading. into theinwhich the products of distillation away to thecondenscr b".

Grepresents' a return-pipe leading from the condenser or a reservoir. or pressure-fan, I), connected therewith, back to the fire-chamber a', which:is providedat any proper point in its length with a meter, 0, Fig. 1 for control ling and determining theamount of gas-delivered to the kiln. o i

D represents an air-pipe communicating at. one end with anysuitable blowing apparatus taking supplies from the open air-,and at'thev other with the passage a of ,the kiln, which pipe also, is provided at any proper point with a meter, d, for controlling. and deterkiln.

' Ill-represents the side door, through which the wood to be carbonized is introduced or that the wood that is to be burned-which may be chips and refuse material and wood of interior of the kiln, and armain,- b',by means of.-

. are conveyed '9 mining the amountjof air delivered'to the chamber, and the doorEtightly closed, and

' ferior qualityis introduced in the center and lighted, the air for combustion reaching such wood through the central opening, a. The

gases and heat rise from the wood and pass up the perforated tube a and thence spread in the top of the kiln, heating the wood and driv ing 011 the volatile portions, and these go away by the pipes b B. burned is replenished from time -to. time through the tube a, the cover thereof being momentarily removed for this purpose. By this method the entire kiln is heated uniformly, and thewoodfis carbonized'without unnecessary loss, thereby effecting a saving in the valuable wood and rendering the carbonizatio'n more uniform and perfect. The products of combustion and distillation are. passed to the condenser]; for the removal of such substances aspyroligneous acid, as heretofore.

and thegaseous substances mayibe received l into a holderjb', and in cases where'they can be usefully employed for promoting. combustion they are returned by the-pipeG through j the meters into the chamber a. Theproportion of the .air and gas-currents being known,-

" are controlled so as to obtain the best results from-their use, p I I lam aware that one or more pipes have been introduced through the top ofthe kiln fer the withdrawal of'the gases eyolved'inthe production of charcoal, as in Letters Patent No.174,29 2, andalso that fire has been used 1 in an ove n within the kiln,"but said fire did not act at the center of the-'kiln uniformly upon the surrounding wood -and the fuel'to retort containing the wood, the fires being out [side the distilling retort; andin'kilns for The woodthat is being drying peat acage has been'provided in the 4b middle'for the introductionfof fuel from the top.

" I do. not claim a kiln formed of metallic plateswith a central combustion-chamber, airdues to the same, and a central stack for feed- 5 'ing the fuel, and a stopper ;for the same, as these have been shown inF rench Patent No.

In'my improvement the kiln is made with brick walls to retain the heat and equalize the charriug action from the centralfire, and the gases and products of distillationare taken off uniformly all around the kiln.

I claim as my invention r 1. In combination with a tight charcoalkiln of brick or similar materal, acentral firechamber'with lateral openingsfor the flame and gases to pass into the kiln, a feed-tube and removable-cover above the fire chamber, and a pipe to allow air to pass to the fire, and cscape pipes around the kiln, substantially as and for'the purposes set forthQ' 2. The combination, with the charcoatkiln and the central perforated fire-chamber, and a supply-tube over thesamefor the fuel, of an air-supply tube to the fuel-chamber, numerous tubes aroun'dthe outer part of the kiln for the escape of the products of distillation and "combustion, a-condenser, and a tube'connecting from the kiln to the same; substanl tially as set-forth. I

Signed by me this 1st day of October,- A D. 1880. 1

"WIL IAM a. MILES. Witnesses: I

Gno 'i, PINGKNEY} WILLIAM G. Mom.

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