USRE10689E - Apparatus for distilling turpentine and for the purification of the crude products of - Google Patents

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2 She'etsSheet 1.

J.D. STANLEY. I APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING TURPENTINE AND FOR THE PURIFICATION OF THE CRUDE PRODUCTS OF DISTILLATION THEREOF;

N -).'10,689. I Reissued Feb. 16, 1886.

. v H I film EESEE: INVEN UR:'

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J.-D. STANLEY. APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING TURPENTINE AND FOR THE PURIFICATION OF THE CRUDE PRODUCTS 0P DISTILLATION THEREOF.

' Re issued f'eb. 16. 1886.

I Inn/ENTER;-

UNITED STATES I JAMES D. STANLEY, OF WILMINGTON,NORTH CAROLIXA.

APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING TURPENTINE AND FOR THE PURIFlCATION OF THE CRUDE DlSTILLATlON THEREOF.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 10,689, dated lebruary 1a, 1886 Original No. 266,909, dated October 3t, 1882. Application for reissue filed August 10, 1885. Serial No. 174,035. I

i .To all whom it may concern:

. citizen of the United States, residing at Vil- .water for 'liquefying said vapor.

companying drawings, and to the letters of pipe and condensing-worm in the form of re-- Be it known that I, JAMES D. STANLEL'B miugton, in the county of New Hanover and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Distilling Turpentine and for the Purification of the Crude Products of Distillation Thereof; and I do hereby declare thefoilowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the inventiomthatwill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertain's to make and use the same, reference being bad to the'acreference marked thereon, which form a. part of this specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus in which the vapor caused to issue from pine- Wood, or other wood of the firspecies, by subjecting it to heat in a retort, ispassed through a worm immersed in a cylinderholding cold productsthen enter a trap, from which it overflows into an open vessel, and firom thence it passes into a still, after which the flow from said open vessel is shut ofi. In the still the liquid is subjected to the action of wet steam, (in contradistinction to superheated steam,) and from thence is forced through another fined spirits or pure turpentine. The crude spirits from which the turpentine is produced -are extracted before the wood begins to char in the'retort in which it is heated.

The invention also involves the production of crude spirits and oils unfit for purification by continuing the operation after the com-- mencement of the charring of the wood. When this takes place, the crude spirits and oils are withdrawn from the open vesselin which the trap is immersed, the communication between the said Open vessel and the rest of theapparatus being closed. [In conducting this pro: cess there is necessarily formed within theretort a residuumsconsisting of inspissated juices and exudations from the wood, together i 3 slots to receivekeys ly-Which, when driven with a pitchey base, which can be used for paints, varnishes, and; other purposes in the arts. I

My invention consists,- further, in au' appaangle-irons f and an ratus for carrying out the above process.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal elevation of the apparatus, chiefly in section. Fig. 2'is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is atransverse section through the furnace on the line 3 3. Fig. 4 is a rear view, partly in section, on the line 4 4.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the views.

A is asheet-iron cylinder or retort, open at PRODUCTS OF both ends, each end being provided with a suitable'door, hereinafter more particularly described. The cylinder A is .inelosed in masonry B, which. is provided with an ordinary furnace, G, and bridge-wall a. A11 arch, 6, runs longitudinally'under the cylinder, terminating at a perforated end casting or plate, 0,

through which the products of combustion escape from the furnace. The flame and products of combustion are therefore not brought, when issuing directly from the combustionchamber, into immediate contact with the cylinder hutare retprned over the arch through flues provided for the purpose, taking the direction of the arrows, entering a flue, d,'encircling the upper half of the cylinder, and ultimately reaching the stack 0. The due 11 is formed by an iron casing-which is inclosed' by the upper brick-work, and separated from cylinder by suitable braces, d.

The purpose; of constructing the cylinder with open ends is to permit the rapid cooling of the cylinder after the completion of the op:

eration hereinafter described, and also to permit of the ready charging'ofthe'cylinder with the wood to be treated, and the discharging and cleaning of the cylinder.

The construction and arrangement of the doors are as follows: \Vithin each endo'f the cylinder is secured by rivets or otherwise a cast angle-iron, f, which forms an abutment, against which the door g closes. The door is hinged at 2. the outside thereof, are placeda series'oflugs, k, which are riveted to "the cylinder and to. the

the

At each end of the cylinder, on

angle-irons'f; 1 These lugs-project beyond the ends of the cylinder, andfareprovided with up, tend to close the door tightly against the interposed luting or clay gasket. v

O are transverse bars (here shown as eight in number) which have carved ends, as indicated particularly in Fig. 3, and which rest against the sides of the cylinder.

C C are cradles or ribs united in pairs by rods m, which cradles or ribs form continuatious of the transverse bars, and with the latter. serve to keep the wood entirely from contact with the sides of the cylinder. The cradles and transverse bars are removable.

D is a nozzle on the cylinder A, to which a wornrpipe, D, is attached, the end of said worm-pipe passing through an open watertank, E, and having at its end a pipe com-' munication, n, which unites with the trap 0. The trap o is open at its top 0', and provided with a goose-neck, 0'', which latter is in the same plane as the pipe 11-. The. trap o is sur rounded by an open tank, F, which receives the crude spirits evaporated from the wood, and which pass through the neck 0" of the trap. The construction of the trap is such that the gases ascend through the opening 0 and escape to the open air; or they can be led to any desired point, thus avoiding any injury a to the health of the attendants. The liquid proclucts'of distillation pass through the gooseneck 0 into the tank F, and there separate on standing by gravitation into an oily and a sub- 1) jacent acid portion. The oily product is led into the kettle and there distilled. By this arrangement the addition of water to the contentsof the tank F and the introduction of gas into the kettle G are avoided. If the products of distillation are discharged into a. closed tank and partly filled with water, the gas can beseparated and the oil willseparate from the water by gravitation; butby this operation all the acid products arelost, being destroyed by the water. If the discharge be through the worm'without the trap into the kettle G,th.e products will then be mixed with inflammable and poisonous gas, which render them unfit for use, the quantity of gas being so great and so injurious to the health of the attendants that they could not endure its effects. It would also render the products highly inflammable and dangerous. The liquid resulting from the condensed vapors having risen within the open tank F to the overflowpipe 11, passes into the still G, and then the cock p'is closed in order to shut off the communication between said tank and still. The liquid admitted into the latter is subjected to a jet of wet steam issuing from the piper, whichcommunt cates' with a suitable generator. The cock of the open tank F is now opened to'discharge the liquid which remained in the tank and did not escape through the pipe p, and the products which are derived froma continuance of the treatment of the wood after the same has begun to char, consisting of heavy oils, acids, &c.,beingalso withdraw-n through the cock 1)". The action of the steam is con- -tinnesLin the closed still G until the spirits are driven therefrom through the pipe 8 and condensing-worm a, submerged in the vesel (f, whence they are passed through the pipe 3",which remains continually open, to a suitable reeeiver in the form of refined spirits or pure turpentine. left within the retort resulting from the con-v tinued heating of the wood is drawn (such of it as is liquid) through the cock t. The solid matters which remain-such as" charcoal and the pit-chy base before referred to-are removed" when the doors g are opened, which removal is facilitated by the fa'ct that the entire interior parts of the cylinder, consisting of the grates and cradles, are capable of being taken out.

' My process is first directed solely to the production of refined spirits or turpentine, and consequently the cock 1) is left open, so that the condensed vapors may overflow to the still G until the wood commences to process of purifying the crude spiritsin the still G by the useof steam and by condensation is begun. Then the process assumes a twofold character-via, the production of refined spirits and the continued production of crude spirits and oils unfit for further purification and distillation in the open tank F, from which they are drawn through the cock The use of wet steam asan agency in the distillation and purification of the crude spirin as a.motive force to expel the spirits from the closed tank, but also 'actingto separate the impurities and liberate the coloringmatter. The steam, when used in this manner and in connection with the condensing clarify the crude spirits in a rapid, eifective, and economical manner, and to produce'asuperior article.

Among the special advantages pertaining to my apparatus, as herein described, may

der, which, being open at both ends, can be readily charged, discharged, cooled, and

too rapid eharring of the wood, as also the adhesion of the wood to the interior of the cylinder. 1 have found that in order to produce the best results thewood must not be subjected to a sudden, rapid, or'intense heat, and that therefore the-cylinder must'iiot be subjected to the directaction of the flame, which not only chars the wood too rapidly, and burns the matter liberated therefrom, but also destroys the 'residuums which have merchantable value. In order .to prevent this injuriousaction, I construct the furnace withthe archb. I 1

Having thus described my invention, I

LThe combination of the fire-box C, the arch 'b, the retort-chamber above the same, and the retort located therein, with spaces above and. below separated forjthe greater vpart of the length of the chamber, buteonchar, when the said cock is closed and the its is of importance, the steam not only serv-i appliances, has been ,found to purify and cleaned. The cradles and transverse bottom bars keep the wood from contact with the sides of the cylinder, and thereby prevent the Any residuum which'is 7o be mentioned the construction of the eylinnected at one end, as described, and for the In testimony whereof I aifix my signature :0

purpose specified. in presence of two witnesses.

2. In an apparatus for distilling turpentine r from wood, the combination-of the tank F, JAMES D.- STANLEY.- v 5 trap a-o' o,-inlet-pipe n, outlet-pipep, having I i cock v p, steaming-chamber G, outlet-pipe s, Witnesses: -and condensing worm and tank a s", with the J AMES TUPPER; retort A, outlet-pipe D, tank E,-and worm D, G150. S. BROWN.

' es and for the purpose set forth.

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