USRE10655E - Assigffoe to the sqijaee - Google Patents

Description

- 2Sheets-Sheet 1. J. OPPENHEIMER.

Assiguor to THE SQUARE HOLE AUGER. Comma. MORTISING MAGHINB.

No. 10.655. Reissued Oct. 27, 1885.

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Reissued Oct. 27, 1885.

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PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES OPPENHEIMER, OF SHENANDOAH, IOWA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SQUARE HOLE AUGER COMPANY, OF WOOSTER, OHIO.

-MORTISING-MACHI NE.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 10,655, dated October 27, 1885.

Original No. 307,065, dated October 21, 1884. Application for reissue filed September 22, 1885. Serial No. 177,850.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES OPPENHEIMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Shenandoah, in the county-of Page and State of Iowa, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to mortisiug-machines; and it consists, primarily, in combining with a crank rotary power such as used in the carpenters rotary boring-machine a mortising device instead of the boring-bit operated by an oscillating movement, whereby the rotary movement is caused to give an oscillating movement to a mortising-tool for cutting mortises.

The object of my improvement is to convert the carpenters portable boring-machine into a mortising-machine. For this purposelprovide a mortising appliance for such machine, consisting of an oscillating cutterhead carried by a vertically-operating stock, and operate said cutter-head by a revolving shaft carried by said stock, having a driving-head adapted to operate the oscillating cutter -head by a suitable cam-action. The mortising appliance is connected to the gearing-headin such manner as to be interchangeable with the ordinary boring-bit, so that the machine can be used for boring as well as for niortising. These objects I accomplish by the construction hereinafter described, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurel represents a view in perspective of a carpenters boring-machine with'my improved mortising appliance; Fig. 2, a View in perspective of the sliding stock, its oscillating mortising cutter-head, and its revolving operating-shaft; Fig. 3, a vertical section taken transversely through the oscillating cutter head and stock; Fig. 4, adetail in perspective of the oscillating mortising cutter-head; Fig. 5, an enlarged bottom view of the mortising- I cutter; Fig. 6, a side view of the oscillating mortising cutter-head, showing its relation to the revolving drivinghead; Fig. 7, a view of the driving-head. Fig. 8 represents detail views of the cutter to show the beveled end cutters.

The stock consists of a suitable frame, A, having boxings B B for a revolving shaft, 0,

operated by hand-power, as in the common boring-machine, as before mentioned. This shaft 0 is held in position by a suitable collar, a, fastened by set-screw resting upon the lower boxing of the frame, and it extends above the top boxing for connection with the operatingpower in the manner of the boring-bit. Secured upon the end of said shaft, below the lower boxing B, or cast with it, is a drivinghead, D, having on its lower end at one side a downward cam-operating projection, b, for engaging with the walls 0 c of a cam-groove running spirally across the top portion of the cutter-head H. The revolutions of the shaft 0, with its projection b engaging the wallscc, cause the cutter-head to oscillate, and its outter F to clip the shavings alternately across the grain, and by thus operating a square hole is formed. The said cutter-head has a journal, d, on each end, which works in bearings in the frameA near its lower end. The cutter-head is flat on the lower side, while on the opposite or upper side it has the hollows or steps a c, as before mentioned, which form a kind of rocking cam, which engages with the downward projection 22 on the driving-head when in operation. The said cam-operatingprojection I) on the driving-head and the hollows or steps of the rock-cam are cast on a chill, or are of the proper metal to be casehardened. This is of importance in order to prevent them from wearing, as there is great power required of them when in operation. The cutter proper,F,has two cutting-edges, e e, and is attached to the bottom or flat side of the cutter-head by screws or otherwise. In connection with the said cutter, while it has two shaving cutting-edges, e c, it has formed on each end a segmental cutter, ff, projecting downwardly therefrom, for the purpose of cutting the end walls of the mortise by making cross rips or furrows across the grain of the wood in advance of thecutting-edges e 0, so that the latter may do their work easier, and not splinter the surface of the wood in starting b reason of furrows having been first cut; but t e important part of the segmental end cutters is in the shape of their teeth. It

will be observed that these cutter-teeth are beveled all on the inside of the segmental projection f,so as to form connected cutting-edges,

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to make a clean crosscut back and forth, or with each oscillation of the cutter-head. They do not stand as in a common .handsaw, but are more on the plan of the teeth in a mowingmachine sickle, but not so much in the hook form as that of the sickle-tooth, but more of a knife-edge. From the'center of the segmental cutter f each section of cutterteeth stand with their cuttingedges from each other in the direction of the knife'edges e 6, so that they stand in the right form for back-and-forth cuts. The cutter-teeth are filed very slanting, almost or quite as much so as sickle-teeth, thus affording no chance for the sawdust to clog between them.

It will be seen in the accompanying drawings that I have provided hook-like projections k k in a shelf form near the lower end of the frame A, on each side thereof, which are for ejecting the shavings or cuttings from the hole. The said shelf projections are at the proper poin-tnear the lower end of the frame, above the knife-edges e eto receive and hold the cuttings as they are cut and forced up. As the shavings accumulate and bind in the mor tis'e or hole, then by raising the stock or frame the shavings are readily ejected from the mortise by the shelf projections k It. Furthermore, it will be seen by referring to Fig. 1 that suitable guides, P, are provided for holding the lower end of the stock A-in position when the machine is in operation, the upperend of said stock being held in posit-ion by its connection with the gearing-head.

The cutter F can be removed and renewed when required. By wear and sharpening it becomes less in width, and to compensate for this the cutter can be removed and a metalplate bushing placed between it and its seat, thus preserving the same extent of cut. relation of the stock A to the cutter is such as of its walls, so that it will not bind, and for this purpose the end cutters, f f, must extend beyond the sides of the stock, as shownin Fig. 6. The 'mortising-tool is raised from the mor- I tise as the carpenters hand boring-machine, 1

andin its vertical movement it is guided by the guides, which are bolted to and project from the vertical framing of the machine and embrace the stock,.while the upper end of the 1 drivingshaft is "secured in a socket in the 1 lower end of the short shaft of thebevel drivj common My mortising applibe used in stationary 1 I ing journal-bearings, combined with a cutter having parallel side cuttingedges, 6 e, and

1. In a mortising-machine, an oscillating cutter-head having a cam groove running spil rallyac-rossone portionof the head, anda shaft ing-gear in the same manner as in the carpenters handborer. ance may, however, power-machines.

What I claim iswith a lug or toe connected and eecentricwith cam-groove of the cutter that by rotating the shaft an oscillating movement is given to the cutter-head, substantially as set forth.

The

rally across the periphery on one side of the cutfer-head, and a lug or toe connected and eccentric with the shaft for operating in the camgroove of the cutter-head, by means of which an oscillating movement is given to the cutterhead by rotating the shaft, substantially as set forth.

3. In a mortising-machine, a sliding stock with a cutter-head and shaft journaled therein, a cam-groove on the periphery of the cutter-head, and an engaging lug or cam connected with the shaft for oscillating the cutter, and the parts arranged substantially as indicated, so that the mortising device may be attached to and operated by an ordinary boring-machine.

4. The cutter-head having a flat base, a cam formation at the side opposite to the base, and end journals, combined with a flat cuttingblade having side and end cross segmental cutters, averticallybperating slide-stock, and a vertically-revolving shaft fitted in bearings in said slide-stock, having the lower end terminating in a nose-cam projection adapted to act upon the cam formation of the cutterhead, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, with the slidestock A and the cam cutter-head j'ournaled therein, of a cutter-blade having side cutting-edges, e e,

. and projecting end segmental cutters, f f, se-

cured to the said cutter-head, and thevertical revolving shaft 0, having a free engaging cam projection with said cutter-head, the said end cross-cutters extending outside of the vertical plane of the said slide-stock, substantially as herein described, for the purpose specified.

6-. The slide-stock-A, having its lower end rounded at each side and formed with the side to allow the stock topass into the mortise free clearing shelves or projections, combined with the cam cutter-head, the cutter F, and the revolving cam-shaft, the cam whereof has a free engagement with the cutter-head cam, for operation substantially as shown and described.

7. The cutter-head having the cam hollows or steps a c, and the cutter F, having the side and end cutters formed substantially as described, in combination with a driving-shaft having a cam projection adapted to engage with said cutter-head, cam-steps, and a stock in which the cutter-head and its operatingshaft are mounted in the relation to each other as described.

8. An oscillating-mortising cutter-head havsegmental end projections having cutter-teeth f, beveled from their inner sides in directions from the middle of said cutter, substantially as herein set forth, for the purpose specified.

9. Thecombination, with an oscillating cutter-head and a shaft adapted to operate said cutter-head by a revolving motion, of a vertically-operating stock having side clearing opposite shelves or projections arranged above the oscillating cutter, substantially as described, for the'purpose specified.

10. The combination, with the slide-stock, of an oscillatory cutter; head and a cutter proper having opposite edge cutters' and end cutters, the latter being toothed to cut across the grain in the direction of'its operationboth ways, substantially as described.

11. An oscillating mortising cutter -head having journal-bearings, combined with a cutter having parallel side cutting edges and parallel end cutters, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this the r 5 1st day of J nne, A. D. 1885.

JAMES OPPENHEIMEB.

Witnesses:

Z. D. MATHEWS, J. UHL.

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