USRE10544E - Illuminating-point for electric lights - Google Patents

Description

G. P. BRUSH e POINT FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTS.

Reissued Dec. 23, 1884.

ILLUMINATIN N0. 10,544.

g M15188 V INVE/VTUI? 3 G. La a-a su W I Arr 5r French patent granted to Carr, June 8, 1868,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

such as platinum, palladium, iridium, gold,

UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

cnARLns 1;. BRUSH, or CLEVELAND, onto.

lLLuMlNATlNG -POlNT F 0R 'ELECTRIC- LIGHTS,

SPEGIPICATION forming part 'of Reissned Letters. Patent No. 10.564, fluted December 23, 1884.

Original No. 195,425, dated October '23, 1671. Application for reissue Bled November 9!, 1884.

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. BRUSH, of Cleveland, in th'ccounty of Cuyahogaand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Illuminating Points for Electric Lights; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full,'cleu'r, and exact description o t'-the invention, such as will enable others skillcd'in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invcntionrelates tothe carbons or illuminating-points of electrical lighting apparatus. 5

I am-info-rmcd that in certain foreign patents granted prior'toinyv original application there is disclosed the idea or suggestion of providing an electric-lightcarbon with a metallic coating-or covering or envelope, and hence brief mention will bem'ade of such patents-as arcreprescntativeof the prior art.

as an addition to Carr-s original patent granted in 1867, describes animprovomcntin artificial carbons consisting of an agglomeration of diiferent materials, and contains the. suggestion that to secure long solid and conducting carbons they maybe galvanized with a coating of readily-fusible or volatile metals such as zinc and tin. French Patent No. 109,895 and its two additions, granted to Reynicr, December 11, 1875, December 10, 1876, and April 6,1877, respectively, describe carbons for electric lights coated or covered by an en vclo 10 or sheathing of refractory metal-.-

silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron,

niauganest.e,&c.--for the purpose of preventing the too rapid consumption of the carbon, the covering to be applied by galvanic deposition,

by 1'irccipit-ation,.by molding, or in any way desired. Garbous made 'in accordance with t he description or suggestions contained in the Carripatent would be objectionable and. im-. practicable in operation, because to. impartsolidity to a rod composed of an agglomeration of different materials by a coating or covering of readily-fusible or volatile metals-such as. zinc and tin-would necessitate a coating or covering of such thickness of the readily-fusible metal or alloy that it would so interfere *with the operation of the are by the introduc- .tion of the fused metal into it, and with the I use of the are by the fumes of the oxidized metal dissipated therefrom,as to preclude their use. Again, the extreme fusibility of such a;

coating or covering would cause it to melt ad from the electrode too readily for it to aiford any adequate protection to the same. Au electrode made in accordance with the description or suggestions found in Reyniers patent would be defective and impracticable for electric lighting purposes, because, in addition to other reasons, it would be acornpon nd elect-rode consisting of carbon and metalat the urc,,and to prolong the life of the electrode by the employment of the refractory metal coating or covering, as specified .in the patent, would necessitate the use of either such a very highly refractory metal or such an amount of less refractorymetalas would be detrimental to the operation or character of V the are.

.defects and objectionable features hereinbefore set forth; and with this end in view my invention consists in carbons or illuminatingpoints for electric lights electroplated with copper,substan tialty as described and claimed.

I 'In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the copper electroplated carbon deposited in the Patent Oflice as a model in the application for the original patent. and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in crosssection of the same. illustrating the relative thickness of the carbon stick and its coating, the model having a cross-section one-quarter of an inch square, and having the coating which I have found well adapted for carrying outmy invention. In this figure the carbon is're'presented by dots or stippling, .while the due line encircling the carbon represents the thin film of clect-ro-deposited copper constitutim the nietalcoating.

have {on d, by repeated experiment with a.power!ul dynamo-electric apparatus, that it is impracticable to employ sufiiciently thin carbon sticks to produce the best illuminating efl'ects, on account of their high resistance and rapid consumption, due to the action of the air on the highly-heated carbon. A great amount of heat is generated in small carbons in' consequence of their resistance, aside from the heat produced at the ends by the voltaic' 5 are.

As it isalwfay's desirable toen lploy carbon points as small or thin as possible, I have sought to provide ameans whereby such may be practically used in connection with a powerful electric cnrrentyanrl .I have fully accomplished my purpose-by covering the carbon stick with copper. "The main objects of this covering are'to dccreasethe resistance of the carbon, and n'otect it from the action of the. I 5 air, excepting at the c'fttrelneillnminating end.-

I'electroplate the carbonswith copper.

lfroviding the covering to the carbons as above specified, results, first, in preventing.

consumption of the-mrbons, excepting at and cover-y near t-heirypoints; second, in the. p 'acticabilit-y of using smaller or thinner carbon stieksythird, in the'ability to employ much longer sticks; l'onrlh, in alibi-ding a free and ready conductor to the electric currenht'lms sufficiently decreasing the resistance to said current that has heretoforerendered the curpl oymentol'sm all carbonsimpracticable; filth, insuring a good electric connection between the carbon stick and its'port; sixth, in making practicable the employment of foreign matter mixed with the carbon. In operatiox'i the intense heat generated. by the electric er of the incandescent points-such as, forinstance, magnesia, lime, e'zc.

light melts and disperses the covering of the carbon sticks at their-opposing points and for a proper distance beyond, but no fart-her. 3 5 The balance of the carbons are entirely preserved, while as fast as the carbons are burned justso fast will their covering be removed, leaving the carbons properly exposed.

I do not confine iiiysell' to; the covering of 40 pure carbon only. A mixture of carbon with foreign material may he used. Thus the earbon may be mixed nlith any other suitable substance bi-increasingtheilluminating-pow- As 1 am not aware thatcarbons -have ever before been provided with the covering hereinbefore specified, 1

\Vhat I claim ist As an article of nmnntlwtnre, a carbon stick having an electroplated coatingof copper deposited'thcreon in such limited-quantity or thickness as to serve as an electro conducting and protecting covering, and at the same time to be dispersed by the generated heat at and for a propcrdista-ncc beyond the point and no farther, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES F. llR-US'II'. Witnesses:

L. B. LEVAKE,

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