USRE10074E - Nikolaus kaiser - Google Patents

Description

A N. KAISER, v

Assignor to Socmry FOR. THE MANUFACTURE OF W001) PULP. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER AND I Reisslied PASTEBOARD.

WITNESSES I UNITED I STATES PATENT Q I E.

FOR THE ANUEAo'rUnE or WOOD'B'ULROF .sA EPLAo METHQD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER AND PASTEBQARD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 10,074-., dated 4pm 4, 1882. Original No. 221918, dated January 27, 1880. Application for reissue filed March 1, 1882.

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, NIKoLAUs KAISER, of Grellingen, Switzerland, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Paper and Pasteboard, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention has for its object to. provide means for improving the quality of machinemachine-made paper by themere use ofmemade paper as to its strength and toughness, and to enable manufacturers to make good paperis always ol'i'nferior quality as to strength andtou-ghness than hand-made paper, even if the material used for both is quite the same.

Now, I have found that this inferior quality of the machine-made paper is due to the fact that while the hand-made paper as it passes from the moist to the dry condition is perfectly free to shrink to the full extent both in the length and in the width, the machine-made paper isdried by causing it to pass over heated metal dryingcyliuders and felt guides, by the use of which this free shrinkage not onlycaunot take place perfectly,b ut the paper is even stretched longitudinally, which can only be done at the expense of its strength and toughness.

Myinvention reposes on this observation made by me; and it consists of the process of drying the machine-made paper under conditions which allow it to.be perfectly free to shrink in both directions without being sub jected to any essential stretching or drawing action while it is subjected to the drying action of air or-other gases heated by any heating apparatus; and it furthermore consists of an apparatus which by preference may be used method in question.

for carrying out in practice the process or Bymeaus of this process and apparatus-I am enabled to make machinemade paper of almost the same strength and toughness as hand-made paper, and even to nsin g mechanically-ground unboiled wood fiber without other admixture, which till now has not been possible, as such machine-made paper dried in the ordinary manner became too brittle.

In addition to the above advantagemthe cost of plant is considerably reduced by doing away with the expensive drying-cylinders, and

make such machine-made paper by merely the working expenses are also less, as less fuel for heating is required.

My said method consists more particularlyv in the following operation,v iz: The paper, com-- ing in a more or less wet state from the wet long press or other machine, is conducted by means of guide-rollers, without any essential chambers, where it is subjected to direct action of hot air, gas, or vapor until it hasbeen sufficiently freed frommoisture, whereupon it is let or not let through a wet satin-press, and is draft or stretch, through one or more closed then again subjected to the action of heated gas or air until it has attained the same state Lastly, the pa-.

of dryness as theatmosphere. per may or may not be passed through a cal ender onto the winding-reel. The same process can also be applied, mutatis mutandis,-to

pasteboard,

The process may be carried out by means of apparatus such as is shown in the accompanying'drawings and next described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of the apparatus. Fig. 2 isa vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section online as a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional detail viewin'larger size. Fig. 5 is a 1 .detail view, showing the driving mechanism in larger size. Fig. 6 is a partial plan view,

showing the-inlets for the hot air.

From the'front eham- 1ber the paper passes into the drying-chamber proper, f, in which it is conducted backward Y and forward by suitable guides and transportof two guide-rollers, h, on the row immediately below. The spaces between the rollers g are filled inby plates 1", (shown most clearly in Fig.

4,) these plates being arranged so that they do not prevent the rotation of the rollers, and

they prevent'the paper from sinking down between the rollers. The rollers are driven by friction-disks I from a shaft, 1:, running parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cham-' ber. There are as many shafts k as there are rows of rollers, and they will be driven byany suitable gearing. After the first passage to and fro the paper passes into thefront chamber, 11, and through the last wet press, m, from whence it passes 'back again to the dryingchamber, and then into the back space, n, which is also somewhat heated, and is led over the guide-roller h to the satin-press 0, passing from the latter in an atmospherically dry condition out of the apparatus. The hot air coming from the calorilier (represented at A) is let from above, in the direction indicated by the arrows, above and below the paper, and issues,

saturated with moisture, through the exhaust-.

passage 9' to the external air. If gases or vapors be employed in place 0t heated air, the

' calorifier is replaced by suitable gas or generating apparatus.

The carrying-rollers 9 maybe replaced by an y'suitable devices as, for instance, an end- '1 claim-- to this specification in the less beltand if it be desired to pass thcheated air in any other direction than that indicated, the calorifier or other apparatus would be arranged accordingly.

Having'now described my invention and the manner in which it is carried out in practice,

1. The method of-drying paper or pasteboard in continuous-sheets by subjecting it to theidirect action of hot air or other gases without any essential draft or stretch which could prevent the free shrinkage of the paper while drying.

2. The apparatus for drying paper or pasteboard in continuous sheets, consisting of a closed chamber in which hot air or gases are introduced, or in which air is heated by any apparatus, in combination with an apparatus by which paper or vpasteboard in continuous sheets is led through the said chamber without subjecting the paper or pasteboa-rdto any es sential drawing or stretching action.

3. In an apparatus for drying paper orpasteboard in continuous sheets, a number of rotating rollers over and by means of which the paper or pasteboard is not so much drawn forward but pushed forward, so as not to be subjected to any essential drawing or stretching action.

4. In an apparatus for drying paper or pasteboard in continuous sheets, the plates 1', combined with the carrying-rollers g, all'as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- N. KAISER. Witnesses:

E. TARAVIC'INI, HENRY HOFACKER.

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