USPP7977P - Corn plant named Tripsacorn - Google Patents
Corn plant named Tripsacorn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP7977P USPP7977P US07/613,269 US61326990V US7977P US PP7977 P USPP7977 P US PP7977P US 61326990 V US61326990 V US 61326990V US 7977 P US7977 P US 7977P
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- pantone
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- corn
- tripsacorn
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- 241001057636 Dracaena deremensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 abstract description 23
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 244000083398 Zea diploperennis Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 244000082267 Tripsacum dactyloides Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000007241 Zea diploperennis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000007218 Tripsacum dactyloides Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000007244 Zea mays Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000209138 Tripsacum Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000297179 Syringa vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004338 Syringa vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108091006112 ATPases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003298 DNA probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 108020005196 Mitochondrial DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091093105 Nuclear DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002105 Southern blotting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017556 Zea mays subsp parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006578 abscission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010050181 aleurone Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/4684—Zea mays [maize]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/10—Seeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/13—Abiotic stress
- Y02A40/138—Plants tolerant to heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
- Y10T29/5109—Lathe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
- Y10T29/5109—Lathe
- Y10T29/5113—Commutator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/31—Convertible cutting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2531—Carriage feed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2531—Carriage feed
- Y10T82/2541—Slide rest
- Y10T82/2543—Multiple tool support
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2564—Tailstock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2566—Bed
Definitions
- diploperennis a diploid perennial teosinte and previously unknown wild relative of maize
- Perennial plants have been propagated by means of cuttings and rhizome divisions. In field tests, they have produced new growth following winter temperatures of 0° F. and have survived summer drought for six weeks.
- Tripsacorn evidently provides a natural bridge for introducing Tripsacum germ plasm into corn, thereby establishing a link between these wild grasses and modern corn that may be beneficial in corn improvement breeding programs.
- the results of crossing Tripsacorn, labeled (Trip X 3-3), to corn were distinctly different from the results of crossing the patented plant Sun Dance, labeled (3-7X Trip), to corn.
- Botanic.--Zea indiana (proposed).
- Leaf blade Alternate; distichous; sheathing base; parallel veined; narrowly linear, flat, thin.
- Blooming period Twice annually in the greenhouse for approximately one month beginning in late April and late October in Tennessee, North Carolina and Mississippi.
- Staminate flowers May be of two types: one inflorescence type borne as paired spikelets on a slender rachis forming 3-7 racemes arranged in a panicle, the "tassel", at the summit of the culm.
- staminate spikelets may be borne on a single spike above the pistillate flowers.
- Spikelet Two-flowered, one sessile, one pediceled; laterally compressed awnless, attenuate with red (Pantone #19-1860) tip and red (Pantone #19-1860) band at base; Length: 11 mm; Width: 3 mm. In pairs on one side of a persistent central axis.
- Glumes.--Outer glume cartilaginous, tapering to an acute tip, ciliate, flat, several nerved, margins involute, fimbriate. Inner glume: chartaceous.
- Pistillate flowers Borne in leaf axils; spikelets distichously arranged; variable.
- Caryopses do not disarticulate upon maturity; Length: 5 mm; Width: 5 mm. Color variegated combinations of the following: dark brown (Pantone #19-1217), brown (Pantone #18-1154), beige (Pantone 15-1225), light beige (Pantone #13-1018).
- Silk color (exposed at silking stage).--light lilac (Pantone #12-2903) to rose red (Pantone #18-1852).
- Husked color.--Cob kernels are embedded in the rachis segments, some of which disarticulate upon maturity. These segments are brownish gray and are the hard, boney fruitcase enclosing the kernels.
- Drying time (unhusked ear).--About 2-3 days.
- Cupule.--Overhang About 0.6 mm.
- Left wing width :--1.0 mm.
- Right wing width 1.3 mm.
- Wing height 4.1 mm.
- Lower glume length 5.9 mm.
- Lower glume angle About 20°.
- Lower gllume width About 3.0 mm.
- Glume cushion width 5.4 mm.
- Glume cushion height 1.8 mm.
- Cupule pubescence sparse, short hairs. Color: Buff (Pantone #13-1024).
- Leaf blade Zea diploperennis round in cross section; diam. 1 cm. Tripsacum dactyloides oval in cross section; diam. 1.3 cm.
- Leaf blade Z. diploperennis. Width 1-2 cm; margins pink serrulate from midsection of blade to tip; adaxial surface: sparsely hirsute; prominent veins: 6 per 1 cm width. T. dactyloides. Width: 1 cm; margins white serrulate along entire blade; Adaxial surface: hirsute; prominent veins: 12 per 1 cm.
- Blooming period Z. diploperennis twice a year in the greenhouse, end of March and end of September for about a month.
- Stamiante flowers Z. diploperennis borne in tassel at summit of culm.
- T. dactyloides staminate flowers borne above pistillate flowers in single spike.
- Pistillate flowers Z. diploperennis caryopsis triangular-trapezoidal in hard bondy fruitcases; Length: 8 mm; Width: 4-5 mm; Color: black (Pantone #19-030), dark brown (Pantone #19-1020) or mottled black-brown.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct corn plant that is the product of a cross between Tripsacum dactyloides and Zea diploperennis, a diploid perennial teosinte. This plant is fertile, has been proven to be cross compatible with Zea mays L. and offers an avenue to expand the gene pool for commercial corn varieties. The instant plant is perennial, offers outstanding drought and heat tolerance, has survived temperatures of 0 degrees Fahrenheit, and offers enhanced pest resistance for importation into corn through improvement breeding programs.
Description
Two wild grasses, Zea diploperennis and Tripsacum dactyloides have been crossed to produce a novel hybrid that may improve corn by imparting beneficial characteristics including pest resistance and drought tolerance. Zea diploperennis (hereafter referred to as diploperennis), a diploid perennial teosinte and previously unknown wild relative of maize, was discovered on the verge of extinction in the mountains of Jalisco, Mexico in 1979. Diploperennis is in the same genus as maize, has the same chromosome number (n=10), and hybridizes easily with it. Tripsacum, a more distant relative of corn with a different chromosome number (n=18), has been crossed with maize by artificial means but has not been known to cross with teosinte. Many investigators believe that Tripsacum played a prominent role in the origin and evolution of maize, and that it has significant potential for improving corn by expanding its genetic diversity.
In 1984, crosses were made to diploperennis using Tripsacum pollen and U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,906, was issued Jul. 4, 1989 on the hybrid from that cross. In Apr., 1985, the reciprocal cross to Tripsacum was made using diploperennis pollen. The plant germinated from the hybrid seed [labeled (Trip X 3-3)] developed normally, was fully fertile and produces viable fruits. This plant is referred to as Tripsacorn. The chromosome number determined from root tip counts is 2n=20 or 2n=18. There is evidence in late prophase and metaphase for chromosome fusion. Some chromosomes are linked end to end in a chain formation and others have the trisomic y-shaped configuration. Although the chromosome number is unexpected, it has been reasonably ascertained that the genotype for this plant is normal and stable.
Perennial plants have been propagated by means of cuttings and rhizome divisions. In field tests, they have produced new growth following winter temperatures of 0° F. and have survived summer drought for six weeks.
In preliminary field trials of backcrosses to a commercial corn line, drought tolerance and enhanced pest resistance were observed in the F1 generation. Germination of seed from these crosses was 100%. The plants were fully fertile and there was no loss in productivity. Tripsacorn evidently provides a natural bridge for introducing Tripsacum germ plasm into corn, thereby establishing a link between these wild grasses and modern corn that may be beneficial in corn improvement breeding programs. The results of crossing Tripsacorn, labeled (Trip X 3-3), to corn were distinctly different from the results of crossing the patented plant Sun Dance, labeled (3-7X Trip), to corn. When Sun Dance was crossed to corn, the F1 plants were depauperate in growth and highly susceptible to insects and disease; whereas plants grown from Tripsacorn X corn were sturdy, more tolerant of the drought conditions during the summer of 1988, were resistant to the plant pests that plagued the corn that season, were stocky with strong stalks and more extensive root systems, were fertile and produced ears weights equal to the corn controls.
Unique propagation of Tripsacorn through successive generations by means of cuttings has demonstrated that the new plant has not only retained the continuous and abundant production capability, but also that its distinguishing characteristics hold true from generation to generation and appear to be firmly fixed. Propagation has taken place in Tennessee, North Carolina, and Mississippi.
This new corn plant is illustrated by the accompanying photographs, which show:
(1) a plant grown outdoors showing the characteristic habit of many culms growing from the base, each of which produce a separate tassel at the apex;
(2) the long, narrow leaf with distinctive white midrib;
(3) an individual culm showing distinctive red coloration and ears emerging from leaf sheaths at the nodes;
(4) a close-up of a three-branched tassel with emerged anthers shedding pollen;
(5) a close-up of the two variations of single-rowed female spikes that are produced, one in which the male flowers are subtended by the female inflorescence and one that is solely a single-rowed female spike;
(6) a side view of a segment of the alternate type of inflorescence that forms a four-rowed cob consisting of paired kernels partially enclosed by hard glumes;
(7) two other side views of the cob showing the distinctive interspacing between segments with a separate section of the rachis segment showing the ball and socket abscission characteristic of the Tripsacum parent, cupule, and a removed kernel;
(8) an autoradiograph showing the banding patterns of Tripsacorn (Trp X 3-3), Sun Dance (3-7 Trip), a diploperennis parent (3-7), the Tripsacum parent (Trip) and two corn controls (CM37 and T232), when the DNA was digested by BamH1 and probed with BNL 17.07, a nuclear probe to the long arm of maize chromosome 10;
(9) an autoradiograph of DNA from the same plants digested with Bam H1 and Hind III that reveals cytoplasmic differences as evidenced by the different banding patterns of (Trip x 3-3) and (3-7 X Trip) when probed with a maize mitochondrial ATPase gene.
Origin: Seedling.
Parentage:
Seed parent.--Tripsacum dactyloides. Source: Plant established at Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind., originally collected from Santa Claus, Spencer County, Ind., 1949-54.
Pollen parent.--Zea diploperennis. Source: Upper las Joyas, Sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico, Iltis, Nee & Guzman Acc. #1250, Jan. 1979.
Classification:
Botanic.--Zea indiana (proposed).
Habit: Essentially erect; as many as 35 primary culms, usual number about 15.
Duration:
Perennial.--Sends out shoots from rhizomes. Plant will freeze at winter temperatures below 28° F., but new growth is produced in spring after winter temperatures of 0° F.
Culm:
Height.--Up to two meters; slender, simple with occasional branching from the nodes of the culm; glabrous; oval in cross section; diameter 1-12 cm.
Nodes.--Glabrous, aerial roots develop at nodes along entire culm.
Sheath.--Tightly closed enwrapping the culm, margins not united; glabrous; turns rose red (Pantone #18-1852) when exposed to sun, otherwise green; rose red (Pantone #18-1852, ciliate auricles at summit margins.
Ligule.--Present on adaxial side of leaf at junction of blade and sheath; length: 4 mm; membranaceous, irregular edge.
Leaf blade: Alternate; distichous; sheathing base; parallel veined; narrowly linear, flat, thin.
Length.--47-56 cm. Width: 1.5-5.0 cm.
Entire margin.--Rose red (Pantone #18-1852), serrulate.
Midrib.--White (Pantone #12-5202).
Adaxial surface.--Sparsely hirsute.
Abaxial surface.--Glabrous except sparsely hirsute along midrib.
Prominent parallel veins.--5 per 1 cm width.
Blooming period: Twice annually in the greenhouse for approximately one month beginning in late April and late October in Tennessee, North Carolina and Mississippi.
Monoecious: Separate male and female flowers on the same plant; variable.
Staminate flowers: May be of two types: one inflorescence type borne as paired spikelets on a slender rachis forming 3-7 racemes arranged in a panicle, the "tassel", at the summit of the culm. Alternatively, staminate spikelets may be borne on a single spike above the pistillate flowers.
Length.--6-12 cm.
Axis.--Stiff, continuous, ascending.
Spikelet: Two-flowered, one sessile, one pediceled; laterally compressed awnless, attenuate with red (Pantone #19-1860) tip and red (Pantone #19-1860) band at base; Length: 11 mm; Width: 3 mm. In pairs on one side of a persistent central axis.
Pedicel length.--3 mm.
Glumes.--Outer glume: cartilaginous, tapering to an acute tip, ciliate, flat, several nerved, margins involute, fimbriate. Inner glume: chartaceous.
Pistillate flowers: Borne in leaf axils; spikelets distichously arranged; variable.
Styles.--Pilose with distinct bifurcated tips.
Color.--Ranges from pastel parchment (Pantone #11-0603) to light lilac (Pantone #12-2903) to rose red (Pantone #18-1852).
Length.--100 mm.
One type of pistillate flower consists of a single rowed spike of 4 to 6 triangular caryopses in hard, shell-like fruitcases enclosed in a single leaf sheath; caryopses disarticulate upon maturity. Length: 7.5 mm; Width: 5 mm. Colors range from solid to variegated combinations of the following: White (Pantone #11-0602), gray (Pantone #16-1107), tobacco brown (Pantone #17-1327), brown (Pantone #19-1121), dark brown (Pantone #19-1020). Alternatively, spikelets paired and partially enclosed in stiff, brown speckled glumes; caryopses rounded and imbricate; Spikes enclosed in single or multiple leaf sheaths. Caryopses do not disarticulate upon maturity; Length: 5 mm; Width: 5 mm. Color variegated combinations of the following: dark brown (Pantone #19-1217), brown (Pantone #18-1154), beige (Pantone 15-1225), light beige (Pantone #13-1018).
Fruit.--Five to ten ears per culm per blooming period; flowers are produced twice a year under greenhouse conditions; some plants may produce approximately 150 ears twice annually.
Maturity.--45 days following fertilization.
A. Ear (husked ear data unless stated otherwise):
Length.--About 43 mm.
Midpoint diameter.--About 6.7 mm.
Weight.--0.5 gm.
Kernel rows.--2 (rarely 3-4).
Silk color (exposed at silking stage).--light lilac (Pantone #12-2903) to rose red (Pantone #18-1852).
Husked color.--Cob kernels are embedded in the rachis segments, some of which disarticulate upon maturity. These segments are brownish gray and are the hard, boney fruitcase enclosing the kernels.
Kernel color.--beige (Pantone #14-1122) shading to golden beige (Pantone #16-1336).
Husked extension (harvest stage).--About 1 cm.
Shank.--About 6.5 cm.
Taper.--Slight.
Position in dry husk stage.--Upright.
Drying time (unhusked ear).--About 2-3 days.
B. Kernel (dried):
Type I.--Angular caryopses in hard, shell-like fruitcases, disarticulate upon maturity; Size (from midpoint): Length about 0.8 mm, Width about 0.5 mm, Thickness about 0.4 mm. Shape: Trapezoidal. Colors range from solid to variegated combinations of the following: white (Pantone #11-0602), gray (Pantone #16-1107), tobacco brown (Pantone #17-1327), brown (Pantone #19-1121), dark brown (Pantone #19-1020). Weight 20 seeds (unsized samples): 1.3 gm.
Type II.--Paired caryopses partially enclosed in endurated glumes forming a cob, upon maturity do not disarticulate: Size (from midpoint): Length about 3.9 mm, Width about 2.8 mm, Thickness about 2.7 mm. Shape grade (% round): 100% round (tip pointed). Pericarp color: beige (Pantone #14-1122) shading to golden beige (Pantone #16-1336). Aleurone color: Clear. Endosperm color: White (Pantone #11-0601). Endosperm type: Pop. Weight 20 seeds (unsized sapmles): About 0.4 gm.
C. Cob:
Diameter at midpoint.--5.3 to 8.7 mm.
Strength.--Variable.
Color.--Smoke (Pantone #12-0704).
Alicole.--Length: About 6.6 mm. External width: 7.0 mm. Internal width: 5.0 mm. External length: 5.5 mm. Internal length: 5.0 mm. Overall length: 6.4 mm. Thickness: About 4.5 mm. Depth: 2.9 mm.
Cupule.--Overhang: About 0.6 mm. Left wing width:--1.0 mm. Right wing width: 1.3 mm. Wing height: 4.1 mm. Lower glume length: 5.9 mm. Lower glume angle: About 20°. Lower gllume width: About 3.0 mm. Glume cushion width: 5.4 mm. Glume cushion height: 1.8 mm. Sessile thickness: 0.3 mm. Cupule pubescence: sparse, short hairs. Color: Buff (Pantone #13-1024).
Leaf blade: Zea diploperennis round in cross section; diam. 1 cm. Tripsacum dactyloides oval in cross section; diam. 1.3 cm.
Leaf blade: Z. diploperennis. Width 1-2 cm; margins pink serrulate from midsection of blade to tip; adaxial surface: sparsely hirsute; prominent veins: 6 per 1 cm width. T. dactyloides. Width: 1 cm; margins white serrulate along entire blade; Adaxial surface: hirsute; prominent veins: 12 per 1 cm.
Blooming period: Z. diploperennis twice a year in the greenhouse, end of March and end of September for about a month. T. dactyloides continuously from May to October.
Stamiante flowers: Z. diploperennis borne in tassel at summit of culm. T. dactyloides staminate flowers borne above pistillate flowers in single spike.
Pistillate flowers: Z. diploperennis caryopsis triangular-trapezoidal in hard bondy fruitcases; Length: 8 mm; Width: 4-5 mm; Color: black (Pantone #19-030), dark brown (Pantone #19-1020) or mottled black-brown. T. dactyloides caryopsis trapezoidal in hard, bony fruitcase; Length: 6-10 mm; Width: 6 mm. Color: pale brown (Pantone #17-1137) or buff (Pantone #13-1024).
Color reference: Leatrice Eiseman and Lawrence Herbert, The Pantone Book of Color. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, New York, 1990.
Although this plant appears quite similar to Sun Dance phenotypically, it is distinct in some traits. It is resistant to aphids and white flies; Sun Dance is not. It has a glossy leaf surface evidenced by a silvery sheen when held under water. Sun Dance does not have such glossy foliage. Tripsacorn is also demonstrated by molecular assay to be distinct from Sun Dance in its nuclear and cytoplasmic DNA as revealed by banding differences to southern blots using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA probes.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of corn plant, substantially as herein shown and described, characterized by its profuse production of fruit, multiple types of inflorescence, bifurcated style, perennial habit, drought tolerance and pest resistance.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/613,269 USPP7977P (en) | 1990-11-13 | 1990-11-13 | Corn plant named Tripsacorn |
US07/944,389 US5330547A (en) | 1990-11-13 | 1992-09-14 | Methods and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
US08/524,113 US5750828A (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1995-08-22 | Method and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/613,269 USPP7977P (en) | 1990-11-13 | 1990-11-13 | Corn plant named Tripsacorn |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USPP7977P true USPP7977P (en) | 1992-09-15 |
Family
ID=24456588
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/613,269 Expired - Lifetime USPP7977P (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1990-11-13 | Corn plant named Tripsacorn |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | USPP7977P (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5330547A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1994-07-19 | Eubanks Mary W | Methods and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
USPP9640P (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-09-03 | Eubanks; Mary W. | Corn plant named `Sun Star` |
US5750828A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1998-05-12 | Eubanks; Mary Wilkes | Method and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
US6617492B1 (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2003-09-09 | Mary Wilkes Eubanks | Genetic materials for transmission into maize |
US20040133951A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2004-07-08 | Eubanks Mary Wilkes | Method and materials for introgression of novel genetic variation in maize |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP6906P (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1989-07-04 | Vanderbilt University | Corn plant named Sun Dance |
-
1990
- 1990-11-13 US US07/613,269 patent/USPP7977P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP6906P (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1989-07-04 | Vanderbilt University | Corn plant named Sun Dance |
Non-Patent Citations (16)
Title |
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Branson, T. F., et al, (1972) "Potential for Utilizing Resistance from Relatives of Cultivated Crops" Proceed. North Central Branch-ESA vol. 27, pp. 91-94. |
Branson, T. F., et al, (1972) Potential for Utilizing Resistance from Relatives of Cultivated Crops Proceed. North Central Branch ESA vol. 27, pp. 91 94. * |
Farquharson, L. I. (1957), "Hybridization of Tripsacum and Zea" Journal of Heredity, vol. 40, pp. 295-299. |
Farquharson, L. I. (1957), Hybridization of Tripsacum and Zea Journal of Heredity , vol. 40, pp. 295 299. * |
Galinat, W. C., "Chapter 1 The Origin of Corn" Corn and Corn Improvement #18 Agronomy, Am. Soc. of Agron. 1977, pp. 1-47. |
Galinat, W. C., Chapter 1 The Origin of Corn Corn and Corn Improvement 18 Agronomy, Am. Soc. of Agron. 1977, pp. 1 47. * |
Kindiger, B., et al., (1990) "Cytological Evidence Supporting a Procedure for Directing and Enhancing Pairing Between Maize and Tripsacum" Genome vol. 33, pp. 495-500. |
Kindiger, B., et al., (1990) Cytological Evidence Supporting a Procedure for Directing and Enhancing Pairing Between Maize and Tripsacum Genome vol. 33, pp. 495 500. * |
MacNeish, R. S., "The Origin of New World Civilization" Plant Agriculture with Freeman and Co., 1984 pp. 13-21. |
MacNeish, R. S., The Origin of New World Civilization Plant Agriculture with Freeman and Co., 1984 pp. 13 21. * |
Mangelsdorf, P. C. "Corn Its Origin Evolution and Improvement", 1974 The Belknap Press of Howard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. pp. 58-70. |
Mangelsdorf, P. C. Corn Its Origin Evolution and Improvement , 1974 The Belknap Press of Howard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. pp. 58 70. * |
Pasupaleti, G. V. et al. (1986) "The Cytology of the Trigernomic Hybrid" Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter 60 p. 133. |
Pasupaleti, G. V. et al. (1986) The Cytology of the Trigernomic Hybrid Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter 60 p. 133. * |
Poehlman, J. M., "18 Breeding Corn (Maize)" Breeding Field Crops, 3rd Ed. AVI Pub. Co., Inc., 1987, pp. 451-453. |
Poehlman, J. M., 18 Breeding Corn (Maize) Breeding Field Crops , 3rd Ed. AVI Pub. Co., Inc., 1987, pp. 451 453. * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5750828A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1998-05-12 | Eubanks; Mary Wilkes | Method and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
US5330547A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1994-07-19 | Eubanks Mary W | Methods and materials for conferring tripsacum genes in maize |
USPP9640P (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-09-03 | Eubanks; Mary W. | Corn plant named `Sun Star` |
US6617492B1 (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2003-09-09 | Mary Wilkes Eubanks | Genetic materials for transmission into maize |
US20040133951A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2004-07-08 | Eubanks Mary Wilkes | Method and materials for introgression of novel genetic variation in maize |
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