USPP7552P - Chinese elm tree named `Emer II` - Google Patents
Chinese elm tree named `Emer II` Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP7552P USPP7552P US07/336,003 US33600389V US7552P US PP7552 P USPP7552 P US PP7552P US 33600389 V US33600389 V US 33600389V US 7552 P US7552 P US 7552P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tree
- elm
- bark
- trunk
- twigs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 244000058281 Ulmus pumila Species 0.000 title description 6
- 235000001547 Ulmus pumila Nutrition 0.000 title description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001286670 Ulmus x hollandica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001133184 Colletotrichum agaves Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001149163 Ulmus americana Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000892564 Ulmus parvifolia Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000051616 Ulmus minor Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001453450 Carya illinoinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000050850 Quercus nigra Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000006479 Cyme Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000011842 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036039 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000218220 Ulmaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Chinese or lacebark elm, Ulmus parvifolia, which is distinguished from all other named forms by virtue of the vase-shaped habit of growth which resembles the American Elm, Ulmus americana.
- the exfoliating patchy bark that develops on 1" to 2" diameter branches is present on the 3' diameter trunk, including the exposed surface roots.
- the tree was discovered in a cultivated area on the campus of the University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. and history relative to the tree is limited. The tree is 70 to 80 years old and has not suffered any visible branch or trunk damage. Ice storms are common in the Athens area and the Siberian Elm (Ulmus pumila); water oak (Quercus nigra); pecan, (Carya illinoensis), and other trees display extensive ice damage.
- the tree has been asexually reproduced by rooting cuttings taken from the tree. Clones of the tree have been determined to be identical to the parent tree in all distinguishing characteristics of bark, leaves, stems and buds.
- the instant variety of Ulmus parvifolia is most distinguished by virtue of its unique vase shape in maturity.
- the shape of this selection approaches or resembles the normal shape of the American Elm, Ulmus americana.
- the trunk of this tree is notably and attractively irregularly and attractively fluted with pronounced butresses which diminish with increased distance from the ground, and apparently add to the structural strength of the tree. This characteristic is conspicuously attractive and not usually seen in the species.
- the bark of the tree of this disclosure is also quite colorful and attractive, characteristically exfoliating on the tree from bark on exposed surface roots, along the trunk, to branches having more than 1 to 2 inch diameter.
- the tree may be compared to ⁇ Emer I ⁇ in having vase-shaped rather than broad globe shape habit and by being taller than it is wide, by having leaves of a lighter green shade and by having lustrous, but leaves of less lustrous aspect, and by having the unique fluted trunk.
- ⁇ Emer II ⁇ asexually reproduces with more ease, and expresses greater vigor under the same growing conditions, with clones, once transplanted, growing 30 to 42 inches in a season. This combination of characteristics sets the claimed tree apart from the species, per se, as well as other market available varieties of Chinese Elm trees like ⁇ A. Ross Central Park ⁇ , ⁇ Burgandy ⁇ , ⁇ Drake ⁇ , ⁇ Dynasty ⁇ , ⁇ Milliken ⁇ and both ⁇ King's Choice ⁇ North and South.
- Sheet 1 of the drawing depicts in substantial side view, the parent specimen of the selection where mature size, unique vase shape, and the unusual fluted trunk can be seen,
- Sheet 2 of the drawing is a close-up view of the foliage, and terminal portions of stems taken from ⁇ Emer II ⁇ (left side) and of ⁇ Emer I ⁇ (right side); and,
- Sheet 3 of the drawing is a close-up view of the unusually attractive bark showing the blocky, puzzle-like pattern and coloration of bark and lenticels of this novel tree.
- the tree is upright-spreading, almost American elm-like outline, 70 feet high and 59 feet of spread (as shown in sheet 1 of the drawing).
- the trunk diameter is 3 feet and the circumference is 9.5 feet at 4 feet from the soil level.
- the bark exfoliates in a puzzle-like pattern exposing light gray, slate gray, gray-green and orangish brown colors.
- the bark characteristics are best shown in Sheet 3.
- the bark is flecked with burnt orange corkish lenticels.
- the exfoliation is continuous from 1" to 2" diameter upper branches to the base of the trunk.
- the surface roots have developed the exfoliating character.
- the trunk is irregularly fluted rather than rounded which is more typical for the species.
- the rich green foliage is densely borne at the ends of the fine branches creating a dense canopy.
- the leaf color is lighter and the texture finer than that of the species. (With the comparison being depicted in sheet 2 of the drawing) Fall color is a subdued yellow.
- the parent tree is growing in an 18' ⁇ 18' area surrounded by concrete.
- the mature parent tree is still relatively vigorous and typically produces 10 to 12" of terminal growth on shoots 40' above the soil surface as measured using a bucket truck. Clones of the tree in one gallon containers under standard nursery fertilization and watering practices have made 30 to 40" of new growth in a single season, reflecting that this selection has superior vigor as compared to the species.
- the flowers are inconspicuous, as in the species, and occur in early September and the fruits ripen by late October to early November in Athens, Ga.
- (E) Trunk Bark exfoliates in puzzle-like pattern exposing gray (major gray, black group 202B), slate gray (secondary grays -- 202C and 201C), gray-green and orangish brown (grayed-orange 167D) colors.
- the bark is flecked with burnt orange (grayed orange 172B) corkish lenticels; exfoliation is continuous to the base of the trunk into the exposed surface roots.
- the trunk is fluted (with rounded ridges) in cross section.
- the unique bark qualities of this tree are seen to be outstanding and of unusual attractiveness within the species. When considered with the novel tree and trunk shapes and foliage coloration, this tree is distinctly set apart from other known Elms of the species.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of Ulmus parvifolia of distinct vase-shaped growth habit which resembles an American Elm in ultimate mature tree shape. The tree is characterized in having exfoliating patchy bark in attractive patterns which cover exposed bark root portions, branches over one inch in diameter and the trunk which has distinctive butresses. The tree is exceedingly durable to extremes of weather, and is resistant to common Elm pests and diseases. The tree has a dense, strong upright branching habit, with narrow but very strong branch crotch angles, and numerous thin terminal twigs which produce a dense canopy of lustrous foliage. Leaves are densely borne at the terminals of the twigs to render a full, attractive shade tree.
Description
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Chinese or lacebark elm, Ulmus parvifolia, which is distinguished from all other named forms by virtue of the vase-shaped habit of growth which resembles the American Elm, Ulmus americana. The exfoliating patchy bark that develops on 1" to 2" diameter branches is present on the 3' diameter trunk, including the exposed surface roots. The tree was discovered in a cultivated area on the campus of the University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. and history relative to the tree is limited. The tree is 70 to 80 years old and has not suffered any visible branch or trunk damage. Ice storms are common in the Athens area and the Siberian Elm (Ulmus pumila); water oak (Quercus nigra); pecan, (Carya illinoensis), and other trees display extensive ice damage.
The tree has been asexually reproduced by rooting cuttings taken from the tree. Clones of the tree have been determined to be identical to the parent tree in all distinguishing characteristics of bark, leaves, stems and buds.
The instant variety of Ulmus parvifolia is most distinguished by virtue of its unique vase shape in maturity. The shape of this selection approaches or resembles the normal shape of the American Elm, Ulmus americana. The trunk of this tree is notably and attractively irregularly and attractively fluted with pronounced butresses which diminish with increased distance from the ground, and apparently add to the structural strength of the tree. This characteristic is conspicuously attractive and not usually seen in the species. The bark of the tree of this disclosure is also quite colorful and attractive, characteristically exfoliating on the tree from bark on exposed surface roots, along the trunk, to branches having more than 1 to 2 inch diameter. The tree may be compared to `Emer I` in having vase-shaped rather than broad globe shape habit and by being taller than it is wide, by having leaves of a lighter green shade and by having lustrous, but leaves of less lustrous aspect, and by having the unique fluted trunk. Further, `Emer II` asexually reproduces with more ease, and expresses greater vigor under the same growing conditions, with clones, once transplanted, growing 30 to 42 inches in a season. This combination of characteristics sets the claimed tree apart from the species, per se, as well as other market available varieties of Chinese Elm trees like `A. Ross Central Park`, `Burgandy`, `Drake`, `Dynasty`, `Milliken` and both `King's Choice` North and South.
Sheet 1 of the drawing depicts in substantial side view, the parent specimen of the selection where mature size, unique vase shape, and the unusual fluted trunk can be seen,
Sheet 2 of the drawing is a close-up view of the foliage, and terminal portions of stems taken from `Emer II` (left side) and of `Emer I` (right side); and,
Sheet 3 of the drawing is a close-up view of the unusually attractive bark showing the blocky, puzzle-like pattern and coloration of bark and lenticels of this novel tree.
(The Royal Horticultural Colour Chart was used to describe colors where appropriate.)
The tree is upright-spreading, almost American elm-like outline, 70 feet high and 59 feet of spread (as shown in sheet 1 of the drawing). The trunk diameter is 3 feet and the circumference is 9.5 feet at 4 feet from the soil level. The bark exfoliates in a puzzle-like pattern exposing light gray, slate gray, gray-green and orangish brown colors. The bark characteristics are best shown in Sheet 3. The bark is flecked with burnt orange corkish lenticels. The exfoliation is continuous from 1" to 2" diameter upper branches to the base of the trunk. The surface roots have developed the exfoliating character. The trunk is irregularly fluted rather than rounded which is more typical for the species.
The rich green foliage is densely borne at the ends of the fine branches creating a dense canopy. The leaf color is lighter and the texture finer than that of the species. (With the comparison being depicted in sheet 2 of the drawing) Fall color is a subdued yellow. The parent tree is growing in an 18'×18' area surrounded by concrete.
No leaf scorch or dieback symptoms are evident even with the record droughts of the 1986-1988 years in the Athens, Ga. area. The tree is highly resistant to Dutch Elm Disease and Elm Leaf Beetle. While the tree has not been inoculation tested for resistance for Dutch Elm Disease, the tree has remained symptomless while American Elm trees in the area have been ravaged and/or killed by the disease. The tree has remained virtually free of Elm Leaf Beetle damage where less resistant (Siberian Elm) trees in the immediate area have sustained severe damage. The tree withstood -3 degrees F. without injury and laboratory tests have showed it to be hardy to -15 degrees F. It should prove hardy in USDA Zone 5b but has not been tested outdoors in those areas.
The mature parent tree is still relatively vigorous and typically produces 10 to 12" of terminal growth on shoots 40' above the soil surface as measured using a bucket truck. Clones of the tree in one gallon containers under standard nursery fertilization and watering practices have made 30 to 40" of new growth in a single season, reflecting that this selection has superior vigor as compared to the species.
This selection produces an uncommonly dense canopy due to its production of an unusually high number of twigs. Dense foliage occurs on such twigs at all exposed surfaces of the canopy, making the tree very valuable in shade production. Typical branch crotch angles average about 20 to 30 degrees to account for the distinct, strong, vase-shaped outline. While such branching would appear to predispose a tree of this type to wind, ice or snow damage, the tree has surprisingly not suffered any structural damage after occasional but repeated exposure to such conditions over the 75 to 80 years of the parent tree's life, with certain severe, occasional exposure.
(A) Leaves: Alternate, simple, 3/4" to 2" long, 3/8" to 3/4" wide, ovate to slightly obovate, lustrous bright green above (yellow-green 146B), gray-green (yellow-green 147C) beneath, acute or obtuse, oblique, simple serrate with serrations slightly more pointed than usual, glabrous above and below, 11-16 vein pairs; petiole -- 1/8" to 1/4" long, light green, pubescent. See sheet 2, the leaves of `Emer II` being on the left hand side. While lighter in green hue, and slightly less lustrous than the leaves of `Emer I`, which more closely represents foliage of the species, the leaves of `Emer II` are considered lustrous.
(B) Bud: Ovoid, imbricate, chestnut brown, slightly pubescent, 1/8" long, slightly divergent.
(C) Stem: First year: fine textured, terete, brown (grayed orange 166A), pubescent; second: gray brown, with small orangish lenticels, glabrous; pith -- small, solid, brown.
(D) Fruit: Samara, oval-rounded, 10 to 12 mm long, 7 to 8 mm wide with 1 to 2 mm deep notch at distal end, light yellow green (145B), borne in axiallary cymes on 4 mm long pedicels. The flowers are inconspicuous, as in the species, and occur in early September and the fruits ripen by late October to early November in Athens, Ga.
(E) Trunk: Bark exfoliates in puzzle-like pattern exposing gray (major gray, black group 202B), slate gray (secondary grays -- 202C and 201C), gray-green and orangish brown (grayed-orange 167D) colors. The bark is flecked with burnt orange (grayed orange 172B) corkish lenticels; exfoliation is continuous to the base of the trunk into the exposed surface roots. The trunk is fluted (with rounded ridges) in cross section. The unique bark qualities of this tree are seen to be outstanding and of unusual attractiveness within the species. When considered with the novel tree and trunk shapes and foliage coloration, this tree is distinctly set apart from other known Elms of the species.
(F) Propagation: Cuttings were collected on June 3, 1988 when the terminal leaf was fully mature. Cuttings were stripped of basal foliage, dipped to one inch for 5 seconds in 1.0% KIBA solution, placed in 3" by 4" cells in 2 perlite: 1 peat mix. Cuttings were then placed under intermittent mist 21/2 sec/5 minutes from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. until evaluation on July 21, 1988. "Emerald Vase" rooted 73% which is amazing considering the age of the tree. The roots penetrated through drainage holes at the bottom of the rooting container.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of elm as herein described and illustrated, primarily characterized by growth habit, superb exfoliating bark, ease of vegetative propagation and resistance to leaf scorch, dieback symptoms, cold weather, Dutch Elm Disease and Elm Leaf Beetle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/336,003 USPP7552P (en) | 1989-04-10 | 1989-04-10 | Chinese elm tree named `Emer II` |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/336,003 USPP7552P (en) | 1989-04-10 | 1989-04-10 | Chinese elm tree named `Emer II` |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP7552P true USPP7552P (en) | 1991-06-11 |
Family
ID=23314165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/336,003 Expired - Lifetime USPP7552P (en) | 1989-04-10 | 1989-04-10 | Chinese elm tree named `Emer II` |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP7552P (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP8683P (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1994-04-12 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Elm tree named "Cathedral" |
| USPP10846P (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1999-03-30 | Cully; Earl | Lacebark elm tree named `Zettler` |
| US20060137052P1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Whitcomb Carl E | Lacebark elm tree named 'whit xxx' |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP5554P (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1985-09-10 | King; Benjamin J. | Elm tree |
-
1989
- 1989-04-10 US US07/336,003 patent/USPP7552P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP5554P (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1985-09-10 | King; Benjamin J. | Elm tree |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP8683P (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1994-04-12 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Elm tree named "Cathedral" |
| USPP10846P (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1999-03-30 | Cully; Earl | Lacebark elm tree named `Zettler` |
| US20060137052P1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Whitcomb Carl E | Lacebark elm tree named 'whit xxx' |
| USPP16883P3 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-25 | Lacebark, Inc. | Lacebark elm tree named ‘Whit XXX’ |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TREE INTRODUCTIONS, INC., A CORP. OF GEORGIA, GEOR Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BARBOUR, JOHN H.;DIRR, MICHAEL A.;GLENN, MICHAEL M.;REEL/FRAME:005489/0293 Effective date: 19900907 |