USPP35387P2

USPP35387P2 - Grapevine plant named ‘ARD44’

Info

Publication number: USPP35387P2
Application number: US17/803,917
Authority: US
Inventors: Shachar Karniel
Original assignee: Agricultural Research and Development LLC
Current assignee: Agricultural Research and Development LLC
Priority date: 2023-01-18
Filing date: 2023-01-18
Publication date: 2023-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2043-01-18

Abstract

A new distinct variety of grapevine plant named ‘ARD44’ abundantly forms attractive crunchy seedless berries with a green skin coloration, medium density and medium clusters which display a Muscat flavor which is commonly ready for harvesting during July in San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and displays good eating qualities as a table grape having a firmness that renders the fruit well amenable for handling, shipping, and storage.

Description

Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

Variety denomination: The new Grapevine plant has a varietal denomination ‘ARD44’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A breeding program was initiated during the late 1990's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2016, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 81E-39+5, which is an early and crispy seedless white table grape variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 8A-35+1, a very fertile and juicy seedless red variety (non-patented in the United States).

TABLE 1

‘ARD44’ compared with parents & closely related variety:

				Thompson
	‘ARD44’	81E-39+5	8A-35+1	Seedless

Berry shape	Obtuse ovoid	Globose	Globose	Oblong
Berry	Very good	Good	Very good	Medium
attachment
Flavor	Muscat	Natural	Light Muscat	Sweet
		sweet

The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows:
81E-39+5 X 8A-35+1

An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

In 2017 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

- (a) Forms attractive crunchy seedless berries with a green skin coloration; in medium density and medium clusters which display a Muscat flavor,
- (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of July in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and
- (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.
- (d) Produces 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 1 bunch per shoot, at a total of 79 lbs. fruit per vine.

The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2018 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson seedless rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The new variety ‘ARD44’ is a green seedless table grape with high production, e.g., about 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 1 bunch per shoot.

Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, Calif., U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical six-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

FIG. 1 shows leaves, stems, tendrils, and grapes of ‘ARD44’.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3^rdEdition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on Thompson Seedless' rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

TABLE 2

VINE CHARACTERISTICS:

	Vigor	Vigorous upright shoots
	Productive capacity	Bearing at a natural, average
		capacity. Spur pruning.
	Trunk	Strong and developed.
		Diameter is 2.9 inches at 5.7 inches
		above ground.
		Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.
		Light brown coloring - greyed orange
		177D

Date of bud burst in Bakersfield Calif.: February 22^nd.

TABLE 3

YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Openness of tip	Fully open
	Density of prostrate hairs on tip	Dense
	Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate	None
	hairs on tip
	Density of erect hairs on tip	Dense

TABLE 4

YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

	Color of upper side of blade	Yellow green 152A
	Color of lower side of blade	Yellow green 152B
	Density of erect hairs between main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of erect hairs between main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on lower side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Sparse
	veins on lower side of blade

TABLE 5

SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Attitude (before tying)	Erect
Color of dorsal side of internodes	Yellow green 144A
Color of ventral side of internodes	Yellow green 144B
Color of dorsal side of nodes	Yellow green 144A
Color of ventral side of nodes	Yellow green 144A
Density of erect hairs on internodes	Medium
Density of prostrate hairs on	Medium
internodes
Length of tendrils	5.6 inches
Diameter of tendrils	0.1 inches
Color of tendrils	Yellow green 152B
Number of tendrils at bloom	3
Positioning of first flowering and	The first bunch is in the 3rd node
fruiting node
Inflorescence number per flowering	1
shoot

TABLE 6

FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:

	Reproductive organs	Fully developed stamens and fully
		developed gynoecium

Flower length	0.26	inches
Flower diameter	0.2	inches
Pistil length	0.13	inches

	Pistil color	Yellow green 144A
	Pollen Amount	Rich
	Pollen color	Yellow 7A
	Stamen color	Yellow green 144C

Stamen length

0.14

inches

	Number of stamen	5

First bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 30^th.
Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: May 4^th.

TABLE 7

MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

Size of blade

5.7 × 5.3

inches

Shape of blade	Wedge-shaped
Base descriptors	Wedge-shaped
Leaf margin	Serrate
Leaf apex	Acute
Blistering of upper side of blade	Absent or very sparse
Depth of upper lateral sinuses	Shallow
Number of lobes	Five
(Only varieties with lobed leaves)	Closed
Arrangement of lobes of upper
lateral sinuses
Arrangement of lobes of petiole	Wide open
sinus

Length of teeth

0.37

inches

Ratio length/width of teeth	Large
Shape of teeth	Mixture of both sides straight
	and both sides convex
Density of prostrate hairs between	Absent or very sparse
main veins on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs on main veins	Absent or very sparse
on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs between the	Strong (Red purple 58A)
main veins on upper side of blade
Density of prostrate hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
veins on upper side of blade
Length of petiole compared to length	Equal
of middle vein
Top side color	Green 137B
Bottom side color	Yellow green 147B
Texture of upper side of blade	Smooth
Texture of lower side of blade	Rough
Vein color on upper blade	Yellow green 146C
Vein color on lower blade	Yellow green 145C
Venation pattern for upper blade	Netlike venation
Venation patten for lower blade	Netlike venation

Petiole length	3.3	inches
Petiole diameter	0.1	inches

Petiole color	Yellow green 146D
Petiole texture	Smooth
Mature leaf anthocyanin coloration	Absent
of main veins upper surface

Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield Calif.: July 7^th.

TABLE 8

BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size (peduncle excluded)	Medium
	Density of berries on bunch	Medium

Bunch length	9.8	inches
Bunch diameter	7.7	inches
Length of peduncle of primary bunch	3	inches
Diameter of peduncle of primary	0.2	inches

	bunch
	Peduncle of primary bunch color	Yellow green 144C
	Peduncle texture	Rough
	Bunches per vine	44

	Average bunch weight	1.8	lbs

TABLE 9

BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:

Size

Medium

Length	0.9	inches
Weight	0.2	oz
Diameter	0.8	inches

	Shape	Obtuse ovoid
	Color of skin (without bloom)	Yellow green 150B
	Flesh color	Yellow green 145D
	Brix	24.1
	Titratable acidity percentage	0.4%

Juice

4.24

pH

	Ease of detachment from pedicel	Moderately easy
	Thickness of skin	Thin
	Anthocyanin coloration of flesh	None
	Firmness of flesh	Moderately firm
	Particular flavor	Muscat
	Formation of seeds	None
	Berries per bunch	135
	Juiciness of Berry Flesh	Juicy

TABLE 10

PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:

	Length	0.34 inches
	Diameter	0.06 inches
	Color	Yellow green 144C
	Pedicel texture	Rough

TABLE 11

WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Woody shoot texture	Smooth
	Woody shoot color	Greyed orange 165A

Woody shoot length	180	inches
Diameter	0.4	inches
Internode length	5.85	inches

Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.
Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).
Shipping characteristics: Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside polystyrene boxes with sulfur pads. After 60 Days: rachises were 50% green; 0% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.
DNA profile: To further the characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

TABLE 12

DNA profile for ‘ARD44’

Microsatellite DNA Marker	Allele Sizes in Base Pairs

M 1	228	238
M 2	239	249
M 3	179	194
M 4	210	212
M 5	257	273
M 6	135	149
M 7	189	205
M 8	255	257
M 9	212	214
M 10	247	247

The ‘ARD44’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A new and distinct grapevine plant, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, identified as ‘ARD44’, substantially as shown and described herein.