USPP35377P2

USPP35377P2 - Seedless grapevine plant named ‘ARD45’

Info

Publication number: USPP35377P2
Application number: US17/803,914
Authority: US
Inventors: Shachar Karniel
Original assignee: Agricultural Research And Development Ltd Co
Current assignee: GRAPA GLOBAL LLC; Agricultural Research And Development Ltd Co
Priority date: 2023-01-18
Filing date: 2023-01-18
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2043-01-18

Abstract

A new distinct variety of grapevine named ‘ARD45’abundantly forms attractive crunchy seedless berries with a red skin coloration, lax and large clusters which display a Labrusca flavor commonly ready for harvesting during July-August in San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and displays good eating qualities as a table grape having a firmness that renders the fruit well amenable for handling, shipping, and storage.

Description

Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARD45’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A breeding program was initiated during the late 1990's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2016, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 107C-70+4 which is a very fertile and crunchy seedless red table grape variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 26-6+3, a fertile and crunchy seedless white variety (non-patented in the United States).

TABLE 1

‘ARD45’ compared with parents & closely related variety:

				(non-
				patented)
	‘ARD45’	107C-70+4	26-6+3	‘Flame’

Berry shape	Broad	Narrow	Ovoid	Globose
	ellipsoid	ellipsoid
Berry color	Red	Red	White	Greyish red
Harvest Time	Mid-season	Mid-season	Early	Very early

The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows:
107C-70+4 X 26-6+3

An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

In 2017 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

- (a) Forms attractive crunchy seedless berries with a red skin coloration; in lax and large clusters which display a Labrusca flavor,
- (b) Commonly bears fruit during the months of July-August in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and
- (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.
- (d) Produces 36 bunches per vine and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 43 lbs. fruit per vine.

The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2018 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The new variety ‘ARD45’ is a red seedless table grape with a high production, e.g., about 36 bunches per vine and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, Calif., U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical six-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

The drawing shows leaves, stems and grapes of ‘ARD45’.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3^rdEdition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

VINE CHARACTERISTICS:

	Vigor	Vigorous upright shoots

	Productive	Bearing at a natural, average capacity.
	capacity	Spur pruning.
	Trunk	Strong and developed.
		Diameter is 3 inches at 15.5 inches
		above ground.
		Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.
		Light brown coloring - Greyed orange
		177B

Date of bud burst in Bakersfield Calif.: March 7^th


YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Openness of tip	Wide open
	Density of prostrate hairs on tip	Very dense
	Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate	None
	hairs on tip
	Density of erect hairs on tip	Medium


YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

	Color of upper side of blade	Yellow green 152B
	Color of lower side of blade	Yellow green 152C
	Density of erect hairs between main	Sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of erect hairs between main	Sparse
	veins on lower side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on lower side of blade


SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Attitude (before tying)	Erect
Color of dorsal side of internodes	Yellow green 152B
Color of ventral side of internodes	Yellow green 144C
Color of dorsal side of nodes	Yellow green 152A
Color of ventral side of nodes	Yellow green 144B
Density of erect hairs on internodes	Absent or very sparse
Density of prostrate hairs on	Sparse
internodes
Length of tendrils	6.5 inches
Diameter of tendrils	0.06 inches
Color of tendrils	Yellow green 152C
Number of tendrils at bloom	4
Positioning of first flowering and	The first bunch is in the 3^rdnode
fruiting node
Inflorescence number per flowering	2
shoot


FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:

	Reproductive organs	Fully developed stamens and fully
		developed gynoecium
	Flower length	0.26 inches
	Flower diameter	0.22 inches
	Pistil length	0.16 inches
	Pistil color	Yellow green 144A
	Pollen Amount	Rich
	Pollen color	Yellow 11B
	Stamen color	Yellow green 145C
	Stamen length	0.11 inches
	Number of stamen	5

First bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 18^th

Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 25^th


MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size of blade	6.5 inches × 6.5 inches
	Shape of blade	Wedge-shaped
	Base descriptors	Wedge-shaped
	Leaf margin	Serrate
	Leaf apex	Acute
	Blistering of upper side of blade	Absent or very sparse
	Depth of upper lateral sinuses	Medium
	Number of lobes	Five
	(Only varieties with lobed leaves)	Open
	Arrangement of lobes of upper
	lateral sinuses
	Arrangement of lobes of petiole	Wide open
	sinus
	Length of teeth	0.3 inches
	Ratio length/width of teeth	Small
	Shape of teeth	Mixture of both sides straight
		and both sides convex
	Density of prostrate hairs between	Absent or very sparse
	main veins on lower side of blade
	Density of erect hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on lower side of blade
	Density of erect hairs between the	Absent or very sparse
	main veins on upper side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Length of petiole compared to	Moderately shorter
	length of middle vein
	Top side color	Green 137B
	Bottom side color	Yellow green 146B
	Texture of upper side of blade	Little rough
	Texture of lower side of blade	Rough
	Vein color on upper blade	Yellow green 146C
	Vein color on lower blade	Yellow green 145C
	Venation pattern for upper blade	Netlike venation
	Venation patten for lower blade	Netlike venation
	Petiole length	4.4 inches
	Petiole diameter	0.12 inches
	Petiole color	Yellow green 145B
	Petiole texture	Smooth

Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield Calif.: July 21^st


BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size (peduncle excluded)	Large
	Density of berries on bunch	Lax
	Bunch length	9.5 inches
	Bunch diameter	5.8 inches
	Length of peduncle of primary bunch	1.2 inches
	Diameter of peduncle of primary	0.11 inches
	bunch
	Peduncle of primary bunch color	Yellow green 145C
	Peduncle texture	Little Rough
	Bunches per vine	36
	Average bunch weight	1.2 lbs


BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size	Medium
	Length	0.9 inches
	Weight	0.2 oz
	Diameter	0.8 inches
	Shape	Broad ellipsoid
	Color of skin (without bloom)	Red 46A
	Flesh color	Yellow green 145D
	Brix	25.1
	Titratable acidity percentage	0.4%
	Juice	4 pH
	Ease of detachment from pedicel	Moderately easy
	Thickness of skin	Medium
	Anthocyanin coloration of flesh	None
	Firmness of flesh	Moderately firm
	Particular flavor	Foxy
	Formation of seeds	Rudimentary
	Berries per bunch	115


PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:

	Length	0.31 inches
	Diameter	0.08 inches
	Color	Yellow green 145B
	Pedicel texture	Rough


WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Woody shoot texture	Rough
	Woody shoot color	Greyed orange 166B
	Woody shoot length	138 inches
	Diameter	0.36 inches
	Internode length	4.4 inches

Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.
Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).
Shipping characteristics: Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside Styrofoam boxes with sulfur pads. After 60 Days: rachises were 10% green; 0% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.
DNA profile: To further the characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained in California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

TABLE 2

DNA profile for ‘ARD45’

Microsatellite
DNA
Marker	Allele Sizes in Base Pairs

M 1	228	234
M 2	249	249
M 3	185	194
M 4	212	220
M 5	253	265
M 6	123	135
M 7	205	205
M 8	255	255
M 9	214	214
M 10	221	233

The ‘ARD45’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A new and distinct grapevine plant, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, identified as ‘ARD45’, substantially as shown and described herein.