USPP34698P2

USPP34698P2 - Seedless grapevine named ‘ARDFORTYONE’

Info

Publication number: USPP34698P2
Application number: US17/803,067
Authority: US
Inventors: Shachar Karniel
Original assignee: Agricultural Research and Development LLC
Current assignee: GRAPA GLOBAL LLC
Priority date: 2022-01-31
Filing date: 2022-01-31
Publication date: 2022-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-31

Abstract

A new distinct variety of grapevine named ‘ARDFORTYONE’ abundantly forms attractive meaty seedless berries with a black skin coloration, lax small clusters which display a natural flavor, the fruit commonly is ready for harvesting during June in San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A, and displays good eating qualities as a table grape as the fruit firmness renders the fruit well amenable for handling, shipping, and storage.

Description

Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARDFORTYONE’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A breeding program was initiated during the late 1990's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2013, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 8-7+7, which is a red natural sweet flavored variety with very good berry attachment (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 10-20+4, a black variety with large berries and a natural taste (non-patented in the United States).

TABLE 1

‘ARDFORTYONE’ compared with parents & closely related
variety:

				Summer
				Royal (non-
	‘ARDFORTYONE’	8-7+7	10-20+4	patented)

Berry skin	Thin	Thin	Medium	Medium
Berry	Obtuse ovoid	Broad	Ovoid	Round - Oval
shape		ellipsoid
Cap stem/	Medium/Medium	Thin/Long	Medium/	Thin/Long
brush			Medium

The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows:
8-7+7 X 10-20+4

An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

In 2014 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

- (a) Forms attractive meaty seedless berries with a black skin coloration; in lax small clusters, which display a natural flavor,
- (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of June in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and
- (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.
- (d) Produces 88 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 73 lbs. fruit per vine.

The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2015 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The new variety ‘ARDFORTYONE’ is a black seedless table grape with a high production, e.g., about 88 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, Calif., U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical six-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

The drawing shows leaves, stems and grapes of ARDFORTYONE.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3^rdEdition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.


VINE CHARACTERISTICS:

	vigor	Vigorous upright shoots
	productive capacity	Bearing at a natural, average
		capacity. Spur pruning.
	trunk	Strong and developed.
		Diameter is 3.7 inches, measured at
		4.7 inches above ground.
		Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.
		Light maple brown coloring (greyed
		orange 177C)

Date of bud burst in Bakersfield Calif.: February 23^rd


YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Openness of tip	fully open
Density of prostrate hairs on tip	dense
Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate	none (yellow green 152A)
hairs on tip
Density of erect hairs on tip	very dense


YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

	Color of upper side of blade	yellow green 152A
	Color of lower sidc of blade	yellow green 152B
	Density of erect hairs between main	absent or very sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of erect hairs between main	absent or very sparse
	veins on lower side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	absent or very sparse
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	medium
	veins on lower side of blade


SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Attitude (before tying)	erect
Color of dorsal side of internodes	yellow green 144A
Color of ventral side of internodes	yellow green 146B
Color of dorsal side of nodes	yellow green 152A
Color of ventral side of nodes	yellow green 144A
Density of erect hairs on internodes	absent or very sparse
Density of prostrate hairs on	absent or very sparse
internodes
Length of tendrils	4.1 inches
Diameter of tendrils	0.07 inches
Color of tendrils	yellow green 152B
Number of tendrils at bloom	3
Positioning of first flowering and	The first bunch is in the 3rd node
fruiting node
Inflorescence number per flowering	2
shoot


FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:

	Reproductive organs	Fully developed stamens
	developed gynoecium	and fully
	Flower length	0.33 inches
	Flower diameter	0.18 inches
	Pistil length	0.14 inches
	Pistil color	yellow green 144A
	Pollen Amount	rich
	Pollen color	yellow 8A
	Stamen color	yellow green 145C
	Stamen length	0.13 inches
	Number of stamen	6

First bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 28^th

Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: May 3^rd


MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

Size of blade	6.5 × 6.5 inches
Shape of blade	wedge-shaped
Base descriptors	pentagonal
Leaf margin	serrate
Leaf apex	acute
Blistering of upper side of blade	absent or very sparse
Depth of upper lateral sinuses	shallow
Number of lobes	five
(Only varieties with lobed leaves)	closed
Arrangement of lobes of upper
lateral sinuses
Arrangement of lobes of petiole	half open
sinus
Length of teeth	0.46 inches
Ratio length/width of teeth	medium
Shape of teeth	mixture of both sides straight and
	both sides convex
Density of prostrate hairs between	absent or very sparse
main veins on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs on main veins	absent or very sparse
on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs between the	absent or very sparse
main veins on upper side of blade
Density of prostrate hairs on main	absent or very sparse
veins on upper side of blade
Length of petiole compared to	moderately longer
length of middle vein
Top side color	green 137A
Bottom side color	yellow green 146B
Texture of upper side of blade	smooth
Texture of lower side of blade	rough
Vein color on upper blade	yellow green 146C
Vein color on lower blade	yellow green 145C
Venation pattern for upper blade	netlike venation
Venation patten for lower blade	netlike venation
Petiole length	6.35 inches
Petiole diameter	0.14 inches
Petiole color	yellow green 146D
Petiole texture	smooth

Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield Calif.: May 28^th


BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size (peduncle excluded)	small
	Density of berries on bunch	lax
	Bunch length	6.5 inches
	Bunch diameter	5.5 inches
	Length of peduncle of primary bunch	5 inches
	Diameter of peduncle of primary	0.13 inches
	bunch
	Peduncle of primary bunch color	yellow green 152D
	Peduncle texture	smooth
	Bunches per vine	88
	Average bunch weight	0.83Ibs


BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size	small
	Length	1 inch
	Weight	0.2 oz
	Diameter	0.78 inches
	Shape	obtuse ovoid
	Color of skin (without bloom)	black 202
	Flesh color	greyed green 190D
	Brix	17
	Titrabable acidity percentage	0.22%
	Juice	4.25 pH
	Ease of detachment from pedicel	moderately easy
	Thickness of skin	medium
	Anthocyanin coloration of flesh	none
	Firmness of flesh	very firm
	Particular flavor	none
	Formation of seeds	rudimentary
	Berries per bunch	91


PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:

	Length	0.3 inches
	Diameter	0.06 inches
	Color	yellow green 146C
	Pedicel texture	rough


WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Woody shoot texture	rough
	Woody shoot color	greyed orange 166D
	Woody shoot length	120 inches
	Diameter	0.42 inches
	Internode length	4.7 inches

Market use of observed plants: Fresh market

AGE AND GROWING CONDITIONS

Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley in hot, dry summers.

SHIPPING CHARACTERISTICS

Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside Styrofoam boxes with sulfur pads. After 60 Days: rachises were 75% green; 1% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.

DNA PROFILE

To further the characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

TABLE 2

DNA profile for ‘ARDFORTYONE’

Microsatellite DNA
Marker	Allele Sizes in Base Pairs

M1	232	240
M2	239	249
M3	179	194
M4	212	212
M5	251	273
M6	133	145
M7	189	201
M8	255	257
M9	212	212
M10	237	247

The ‘ARDFORTYONE’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A new and distinct grapevine, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, identified as ‘ARDFORTYONE’, substantially as shown and described herein.