USPP34087P2 - Interspecific tree named ‘FLAVOR JOY’ - Google Patents

Interspecific tree named ‘FLAVOR JOY’ Download PDF

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USPP34087P2
USPP34087P2 US17/300,879 US202117300879V USPP34087P2 US PP34087 P2 USPP34087 P2 US PP34087P2 US 202117300879 V US202117300879 V US 202117300879V US PP34087 P2 USPP34087 P2 US PP34087P2
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color
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Gary Neil Zaiger
Leith Marie Gardner
Grant Gene Zaiger
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ZEE 5,LLC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
    • A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds
    • A01H6/7472—Plums
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
    • A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds

Definitions

  • Botanical designation Interspecific Prunus species.
  • the new and distinct variety of interspecific tree was developed by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Calif. from a first generation cross between our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling selections ‘38ZP225’ and ‘114LX532’.
  • the seed parent ‘38ZP225’ originated as an open pollinated seedling selection from our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling ‘20MF283’.
  • the pollen parent ‘114LX532’ originated from the cross of our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling ‘300LP494’ and ‘Bella Gold’ Interspecific (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,826).
  • a large number of these first generation seedlings were grown and budded onto older trees of ‘Nemaguard’ Rootstock (non-patented) to accelerate rapid fruit production. Under close and careful observation we recognized the desirable tree and fruit characteristics of the present seedling and selected it in 2015 for additional asexual propagation and commercialization.
  • the present new and distinct variety of interspecific tree is of large size, vigorous, upright growth and a regular and productive bearer of medium size, clingstone fruit with an attractive dark red skin color and good flavor and eating quality.
  • the fruit of the new variety In comparison to its proprietary non-patented interspecific seed parent (38ZP225) the fruit of the new variety is approximately 32 days earlier in maturity.
  • the fruit of the new variety In comparison to its proprietary non-patented interspecific pollen parent (114LX532) the fruit of the new variety has red flesh compared to yellow and is approximately 18 days earlier in maturity.
  • ‘Festival Red’ Interspecific U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,778 the fruit of the new variety is approximately 13 days earlier in maturity.
  • the accompanying color photographic illustration shows typical specimens of the foliage and fruit of the present new interspecific variety.
  • the illustration shows the upper and lower surface of the leaves, an exterior and sectional view of a single fruit divided in its suture plane to show flesh color, pit cavity and the stone remaining in place.
  • the photographic illustration was taken shortly after being picked (shipping ripe) from a 6 year old tree and the colors are as nearly true as is reasonably possible in a color representation of this type.
  • the present new variety of interspecific tree, its flowers, foliage and fruit herein described may vary in slight detail due to climate, soil conditions and cultural practices under which the variety may be grown.
  • the present description is that of the variety grown under the ecological conditions prevailing near Modesto, Calif.

Abstract

A new and distinct variety of interspecific tree. The following features of the tree and its fruit are characterized with the tree budded on ‘Nemaguard’ Rootstock (non-patented), grown on Handford sandy loam soil with Storie Index rating 95, in USDA Hardiness Zone 9, near Modesto, Calif., with standard commercial fruit growing practices, such as pruning, thinning, spraying, irrigation and fertilization. Its novelty consist of the following combination of desirable features:
    • 1. Tree having a vigorous, upright growth habit.
    • 2. Tree being a regular and productive bearer of medium size fruit.
    • 3. Fruit with a high degree of attractive dark red skin color.
    • 4. Fruit with good flavor and eating quality.
    • 5. Fruit with good storage and shipping ability.

Description

Botanical designation: Interspecific Prunus species.
Variety denomination: ‘FLAVOR JOY’.
BACKGROUND OF THE VARIETY Field of the Invention
In the field of plant genetics, we conduct an extensive and continuing plant-breeding program including the organization and asexual reproduction of orchard trees, and of which plums, peaches, nectarines, apricots, cherries, almonds and interspecifics are exemplary. It was against this background of our activities that the present variety of interspecific tree was originated and asexually reproduced by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Stanislaus County, Calif.
Prior Varieties
Among the existing varieties of interspecific trees, which are known to us, and mentioned herein, ‘Bella Gold’ Interspecific (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,826), ‘Festival Red’ Interspecific (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,778), and the proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling selections ‘38ZP225’, ‘114LX532’, ‘20MF283’ and ‘300LP494’.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Not applicable.
ORIGIN OF THE VARIETY
The new and distinct variety of interspecific tree was developed by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Calif. from a first generation cross between our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling selections ‘38ZP225’ and ‘114LX532’. The seed parent ‘38ZP225’ originated as an open pollinated seedling selection from our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling ‘20MF283’. The pollen parent ‘114LX532’ originated from the cross of our proprietary non-patented interspecific seedling ‘300LP494’ and ‘Bella Gold’ Interspecific (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,826). A large number of these first generation seedlings were grown and budded onto older trees of ‘Nemaguard’ Rootstock (non-patented) to accelerate rapid fruit production. Under close and careful observation we recognized the desirable tree and fruit characteristics of the present seedling and selected it in 2015 for additional asexual propagation and commercialization.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF THE VARIETY
In 2015 asexual reproduction of the new and distinct variety of interspecific tree was by budding to ‘Nemaguard’ Rootstock (non-patented), as performed by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Calif., and shows that reproductions run true to the original tree and all characteristics of the tree and its fruit are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual propagations.
SUMMARY OF THE NEW VARIETY
The present new and distinct variety of interspecific tree is of large size, vigorous, upright growth and a regular and productive bearer of medium size, clingstone fruit with an attractive dark red skin color and good flavor and eating quality. In comparison to its proprietary non-patented interspecific seed parent (38ZP225) the fruit of the new variety is approximately 32 days earlier in maturity. In comparison to its proprietary non-patented interspecific pollen parent (114LX532) the fruit of the new variety has red flesh compared to yellow and is approximately 18 days earlier in maturity. In comparison to the commercial variety ‘Festival Red’ Interspecific (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,778) the fruit of the new variety is approximately 13 days earlier in maturity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPH
The accompanying color photographic illustration shows typical specimens of the foliage and fruit of the present new interspecific variety. The illustration shows the upper and lower surface of the leaves, an exterior and sectional view of a single fruit divided in its suture plane to show flesh color, pit cavity and the stone remaining in place. The photographic illustration was taken shortly after being picked (shipping ripe) from a 6 year old tree and the colors are as nearly true as is reasonably possible in a color representation of this type.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETY
The following is a detailed botanical description of the new variety of interspecific tree, its flowers, foliage and fruit, as based on observations of 6 year old specimens grown near Modesto, Calif., with color in accordance with Munsell Book of Color published in 1958.
  • Tree:
      • Size.—Large, pruned to 3 to 3.5 meters in height and width for economical harvesting of fruit. Varies with different cultural practices.
      • Vigor.—Vigorous, tree growth of 1.5 to 2 meters the first growing season. Varies with cultural practices, soil type, fertility and climatic conditions.
      • Form.—Upright growth, usually pruned to vase shape.
      • Branching habit.—Upright, crotch angle approximately 35°, increases with heavy crop load.
      • Productivity.—Productive, thinning and spacing of fruit necessary for desired market size fruit. Number of fruit set varies with climatic conditions during blooming period.
      • Bearer.—Regular, has had adequate fruit set 5 consecutive years. No alternate bearing observed.
      • Fertility.—Self sterile, pollinator required.
      • Density.—Medium dense, usually pruned to vase shape to increase air movement and sunlight to enhance fruit color and health of fruit spurs.
      • Hardiness.—Hardy in all stone fruit growing areas of California. Tree grown in USDA Hardiness Zone 9. Winter chilling requirement approximately 700 hours at or below 45° F.
  • Trunk:
      • Size.—Medium, average circumference 53.3 cm at 25.4 cm above ground on a 6 year old tree.
      • Stocky.—Medium stocky.
      • Texture.—Medium shaggy, roughness increases with age of tree.
      • Color.—Varies from 10YR 4/2 to 10YR 2/2.
  • Branches:
      • Size.—Medium. Average circumference 15.2 cm at 1.2 meters above ground. Crotch angle approximately 35°, increases with heavy crop load.
      • Surface texture.—New growth relatively smooth. Mature growth medium rough, roughness increases with age.
      • Lenticels.—Average number 46 in a 25.8 square cm area. Average length 5.0 mm. Average width 2.1 mm. Color varies from 7.5YR 6/8 to 7.5YR 5/8.
      • Color.—New growth varies from 5GY 6/6 to 5GY 5/8. Mature growth varies from 7.5YR 4/2 to 7.5YR 2/2, varies with age of growth.
  • Leaves:
      • Size.—Medium. Average length 95.3 mm. Average width 41.7 mm.
      • Form.—Oblanceolate.
      • Apex.—Acuminate.
      • Base.—Cuneate.
      • Margin.—Doubly serrate.
      • Thickness.—Medium.
      • Surface texture.—Upper surface relatively smooth, slight indentations over midrib and leaf veins. Lower surface relatively smooth, except for small ridges created by midrib and pinnate venation. Both upper and lower surfaces glabrous.
      • Petiole.—Average length 10.1 mm. Average width 1.6 mm. Longitudinally grooved. Surface — glabrous. Color varies from 2.5GY 7/4 to 2.5GY 6/4.
      • Glands.—Type — globose. Size — small. Average length 0.1 mm. Average diameter 0.1 mm. Average number 2, varies from 1 to 3. Located primarily on the base of the leaf blade and upper portion of the petiole. Color varies from 2.5GY 6/4 to 2.5GY 5/4.
      • Stipules.—Average number 2 per leaf. Average length 4.8 mm. Edges — pectinate. Color varies from 2.5GY 6/4 to 2.5GY 5/4.
      • Color.—Upper surface varies from 5GY 4/4 to 5GY 3/6. Lower surface varies from 5GY 6/4 to 5GY 4/4. Midvein color varies from 5GY 8/4 to 5GY 7/4.
  • Flower buds:
      • Size.—Small. Average length 7.4 mm. Average diameter 4.3 mm.
      • Hardiness.—Hardy with respect to California winters.
      • Density.—Very dense.
      • Form.—Conical, becoming elongated just before opening.
      • Pedicel.—Average length 5.9 mm. Average width 0.7 mm. Surface — glabrous. Color varies from 2.5GY 6/8 to 5GY 7/8.
      • Color.—N 9.5/(white).
      • Number of buds per spur.—Average number 11, varies from 8 to 14.
  • Flowers:
      • Blooming period.—Date of First Bloom Feb. 12, 2021. Date of Petal Fall Feb. 22, 2021, varies slightly with climatic conditions.
      • Size.—Small. Average length 7.6 mm. Average diameter 10.3 mm.
      • Petals.—Number — normally 5, alternately arranged to sepals. Size — small. Average length 6.1 mm. Average width 4.4 mm. Form — elliptical. Arrangement — overlapping. Petal apex- rounded. Petal base — truncate. Margin — sinuate. Both upper and lower surfaces glabrous. Color N 9.5/(white).
      • Sepals.—Number — normally 5, alternately arranged to petals. Size — small. Average length 2.8 mm. Average width 2.4 mm. Shape — ovate to triangular. Margin — entire. Apex rounded to triangular. Both upper and lower surfaces glabrous. Color — upper surface varies from 2.5GY 6/8 to 5GY 6/6. Lower surface varies from 5GY 6/6 to 5GY 6/8.
      • Stamens.—Average number per flower 20, varies from 19 to 21. Average filament length 4.5 mm. On average the stamens are below the height of the petals. Filament color N 9.5/(white). Anther color varies from 5Y 8/8 to 7.5Y 8/8.
      • Pollen.—Self-sterile, pollinator required. Color varies from 5Y 8/10 to 5Y 7/12.
      • Pistil.—Number — normally one. Average length 7.4 mm. Position of stigma an average of 1.1 mm above the anthers. Surface — glabrous. Color varies from 10Y 7/6 to 2.5GY 7/8.
      • Fragrance.—Heavy aroma.
      • Color.—N 9.5/(white).
      • Pedicel.—Average length 8.2 mm. Average width 0.8 mm. Surface- glabrous. Color varies from 2.5GY 5/6 to 2.5GY 5/8.
      • Number flowers per flower bud.—Average number 2, varies from 1 to 3.
  • Fruit:
      • Maturity when described.—Firm ripe and ready for consumption.
      • Date of first picking.—Jun. 12, 2021.
      • Date of last picking.—Jun. 22, 2021, varies slightly with climatic conditions.
      • Size.—Medium. Average diameter axially 60.0 mm. Average transversely in suture plane 64.3 mm. Average weight 167.6 grams, varies slightly with fertility of the soil, amount of thinning and climatic conditions.
      • Form.—Globose.
      • Suture.—Lipped, some fruit with slight suture.
      • Ventral surface.—Lipped.
      • Apex.—Slightly retuse.
      • Base.—Flat.
      • Stem cavity.—Rounded to slightly elongated in suture plane. Average depth 5.6 mm. Average diameter 5.9 mm.
  • Stem:
      • Size.—Medium. Average length 11.9 mm. Average diameter 2.6 mm.
      • Color.—Varies from 10YR 6/4 to 10YR 4/4.
  • Flesh:
      • Ripens.—Evenly.
      • Texture.—Firm, meaty.
      • Fibers.—Few, small, tender.
      • Firmness.—Firm, comparable to other commercial interspecific varieties.
      • Aroma.—Slight aroma.
      • Amydgalin.—Undetected.
      • Eating quality.—Good.
      • Flavor.—Good, with a good balance between acid and sugar.
      • Juice.—Moderate amount, enhances flavor.
      • Acidity.—Not available.
      • Brix.—Average Brix 15.8°, varies slightly with amount of fruit per tree and climatic conditions.
      • Color.—Varies from 2.5R 2/8 to 2.5R 2/4.
      • Pit cavity.—Average length 25.8 mm. Average width 20.9 mm. Average depth 5.9 mm. Color varies from 2.5R 6/10 to 2.5R 5/12.
  • Skin:
      • Thickness.—Medium.
      • Surface.—Smooth.
      • Bloom.—Moderate amount, complete coverage.
      • Tendency to crack.—None.
      • Color.—Ground color 10Y 8/6. Overspread with 5R 2/8. Very small, randomly spaced areas of ground color exposed to give a speckling pattern to surface areas.
      • Tenacity.—Tenacious to the flesh.
      • Astringency.—Slight to none.
  • Stone:
      • Type.—Clingstone, strong adherence to flesh.
      • Size.—Medium. Average length 25.7 mm. Average width 20.4 mm. Average thickness 11.7 mm.
      • Form.—Obovoid.
      • Base.—Flat.
      • Apex.—Pointed. Average length 2.1 mm.
      • Surface.—Pitted throughout, pits vary from round to elongated.
      • Sides.—Unequal, one side extending slightly further from the suture plane.
      • Ridges.—Relatively smooth, extending from base to apex.
      • Tendency to split.—None.
      • Color.—Varies from 7.5YR 6/6 to 7.5YR 5/6, when dry.
  • Kernel:
      • Size.—Medium. Average length 13.9 mm. Average width 10.3 mm. Average depth 4.9 mm.
      • Form.—Ovate.
      • Viability.—Viable, complete embryo development.
      • Skin color.—Varies from 5Y 8.5/8 to 5YR 5/6.
  • Use:
      • Dessert.—Market — local and long distance.
  • Keeping quality: Good, held firm in cold storage 3 weeks at 38° to 42° F. without shriveling, internal breakdown of flesh or appreciable loss of flavor.
  • Shipping quality: Good, showed minimal skin scarring or flesh bruising during picking, packing and shipping trials.
  • Plant/fruit disease resistance/susceptibility: No specific testing for relative plant/fruit disease resistance/susceptibility has been designed. Under close observation during planting, growing and harvesting of fruit, under normal cultural and growing conditions near Modesto, Calif., no particular plant/fruit disease resistance or susceptibility has been observed. Any variety observed during indexing of plant characteristics with abnormal fungus, bacterial, virus or insect susceptibility is destroyed and eliminated from our breeding program. No atypical resistances/susceptibilities have been noted under normal cultural practices.
The present new variety of interspecific tree, its flowers, foliage and fruit herein described may vary in slight detail due to climate, soil conditions and cultural practices under which the variety may be grown. The present description is that of the variety grown under the ecological conditions prevailing near Modesto, Calif.

Claims (1)

The invention claimed is:
1. A new and distinct variety of interspecific tree, substantially as illustrated and described.
US17/300,879 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Interspecific tree named ‘FLAVOR JOY’ Active USPP34087P2 (en)

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