USPP27603P2 - Mint plant named ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ - Google Patents
Mint plant named ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP27603P2 USPP27603P2 US14/999,509 US201614999509V USPP27603P2 US PP27603 P2 USPP27603 P2 US PP27603P2 US 201614999509 V US201614999509 V US 201614999509V US PP27603 P2 USPP27603 P2 US PP27603P2
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- mint
- blue mountain
- plant
- oil
- arvensis
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- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000017396 Menta cendrata Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 235000010672 Monarda didyma Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 241001062991 Pycnanthemum Species 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title description 17
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000007966 Mentha sp Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001516100 Puccinia menthae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007707 Mentha arvensis Species 0.000 description 16
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 241001479543 Mentha x piperita Species 0.000 description 14
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000018978 Mentha arvensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000016278 Mentha canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- YGWKXXYGDYYFJU-SSDOTTSWSA-N (+)-menthofuran Chemical compound C1[C@H](C)CCC2=C1OC=C2C YGWKXXYGDYYFJU-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N (-)-Menthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001745 (6R)-3,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 2
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGWKXXYGDYYFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menthofuran Natural products C1C(C)CCC2=C1OC=C2C YGWKXXYGDYYFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008124 floral development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007773 growth pattern Effects 0.000 description 2
- NZGWDASTMWDZIW-MRVPVSSYSA-N (+)-pulegone Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CCC(=C(C)C)C(=O)C1 NZGWDASTMWDZIW-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-isomenthone Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-BDAKNGLRSA-N (-)-menthone Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-BDAKNGLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 1-Menthyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000037488 Coccoloba pubescens Species 0.000 description 1
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020584 Polyploidy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NZGWDASTMWDZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pulegone Natural products CC1CCC(=C(C)C)C(=O)C1 NZGWDASTMWDZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001123668 Verticillium dahliae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- USMNOWBWPHYOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-thujone Natural products CC1C(=O)CC2(C(C)C)C1C2 USMNOWBWPHYOEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomenthone Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001771 mentha piperita Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001525 mentha piperita l. herb oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930007459 p-menth-8-en-3-one Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019477 peppermint oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/12—Leaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/50—Lamiaceae, e.g. lavender, mint or chia
- A01H6/504—Mentha sp., e.g. mint
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of peppermint plant developed from a parent of the species M. arvensis .
- the new variety will be identified as ‘Blue Mountain Mint.’
- ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ originated as a seedling from an open pollinated commercial variety (‘Blanco’) of Mentha arvensis , included with other M. arvensis and male fertile M. piperita plants in a polycross breeding program.
- Commercial M. piperita is sterile and only becomes fertile in the polyploidy state.
- the parent plants in the polycross breeding system were composed of selected fertile male and female genotypes based on certain desirable characteristics.
- This new mint was developed in a mint breeding program in which the primary objective was to develop a Mitcham type peppermint variety having a specific oil composition, acceptable yield and resistant to mint diseases.
- the new variety is as susceptible to mint wilt (soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae ) as its parent, but more resistant to mint rust (air-borne fungus Puccinia menthae ).
- ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ has a higher yield of oil than the control variety, ‘Black Mitcham,’ in test plots since 2014. This plant was selected from a population of mint seedlings in research plots on land near Monmouth, Oreg., and initially identified as 14-27-71.
- ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is asexually propagated to maintain the cultivar's genetic integrity and as a means of increasing the selection for commercial planting. Asexual propagation, by tip cuttings or stolon sections, is a common practice in commercial mint cultivation and serves as a means of propagating the normally sterile mint plant. The inventor has conducted asexual propagation with tip cuttings and stolon sections of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ for greenhouse and field planting in Monmouth, Oreg., each year since 2014 and the genotype comes true to form with each generation.
- Mint selection 14-27-71, denominated ‘Blue Mountain Mint,’ is a new Mentha sp. cultivar that produces a high yield of an essential oil similar in composition as commercially grown mint varieties.
- the essential oil is similar to standard M. piperita oil in components composition and ratio of components. Organoleptically it is similar to typical Mentha piperita peppermint oil. It is more resistant to mint rust than current commercially grown Mentha arvensis varieties known to the Inventor.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the flowering pattern and multiple flowering shoots of my new mint plant in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 1 further illustrates the flower spike with capitate flower development at the nodes of the spike.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the variance in leaf shape of my new mint plant depending on the location on the plant. Further, FIG. 2 illustrates the flower spike with capitate flower development at the nodes of the spike. FIG. 2 also illustrates the shape of the leaf (large leaf) collected at mid-plant and grown under greenhouse environment, whereas, the smaller leaf illustrates the shape of leaf on a terminal flowering shoot.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the growth pattern under field management of my new mint plant in accordance with the present invention.
- My new mint plant improves upon and is distinct from other mint plants known to the Inventor in several characteristics, including but not limited to, the following:
- the essential oil extracted from ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ has a composition of components more like that of commercial oil produced by ‘Black Mitcham’ peppermint ( M. piperita ) than that of M. arvensis as illustrated in Table 1.
- the ratio of oil components in ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is different from that of its parent M. arvensis .
- the concentration of menthol in oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is less than that of its parent ‘Blanco’ M. arvensis and M. piperita .
- Menthofuran is present in the oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ and absent in oil of its parent M. arvensis .
- Organoleptically, the oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is the same as that of ‘Black Mitcham’ but different than that of M. arvensis , reflecting the difference in oil component ratios.
- This new plant under greenhouse and field growing conditions, is a bush type plant with lateral branches at each node of the main stems.
- the average height of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is 70-96 cm and is equal to or greater than ‘Black Mitcham’ growing under similar conditions and will vary based on fertilizer, soil quality, and water application, amongst other known factors that affect growth patterns. Secondary and tertiary branching occurs to form a compact growth habit.
- the main stem at mid-plant (approximately between the eleventh and twelfth node) is 9.5-10.5 mm in width.
- the secondary and tertiary branch stems are 2.5-3.5 mm.
- the average plant width is 30 cm and the average length of the main stem is 76 cm.
- the stems are square, glabrous, and a green color that matches Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143B green group.
- Mature leaves at the bottom of the plant are ovate as are leaves on secondary branch stems. Leaves on upper mature plants, both main and secondary stems are lanceolate ( FIG. 2 ). Mid-main stem leaf size at flowering is 23-26 mm in width and 59-63 mm in length. Leaf size on secondary branches at flowering is 10-12 mm in width and 17-19 mm in length. Leaf petioles on the main stem leaves are 7-8 mm in length. Leaves on the mid-main and lower stem tend to be lanceolate and irregular denticulate while the leaves on the upper plant tend to be more dentate. The main stem leaves have from 11-13 teeth on each side while the secondary branch leaves have 4-5 teeth on each side.
- the adaxial leaf surface is glabrous and is light green in color, ranging from The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143A to 143B in the green group classification.
- the abaxial leaf surface is sub-glabrous with oil glands distributed across the surface and is light green in color as illustrated in The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143A green group.
- the leaf has 6-9 lateral veins, more or less in parallel off the main vein that runs from the petiole to the tip of the leaf. The veins are prominent in all leaves of ‘Blue Mountain Mint.’
- the inflorescence is a determinate spike with capitate flowers developing at the nodes of the spike stem.
- the cylindrical spikes are about 30 mm in diameter and range from 80-100 mm in length.
- the capitates flowers are 15-20 mm in width and 16-18 mm in length.
- the flowers consist of five petals fused into a two lipped corolla.
- the corolla is violet in color as illustrated in The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 91C to 91D in the violet-blue group.
- the calyx is generally green and ranges between 143B and 143C of The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, green group.
- the gynoecium consists of a single pistil with two lobed stigma that is exserted.
- the androecium consists of four stamens, each with a distinct filament and anther.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
Mint selection 14-27-71, denominated ‘Blue Mountain Mint,’ is a new Mentha sp. cultivar that produces an essential oil similar to commercial peppermint, produces more oil on a dry weight basis, and has resistance to mint rust (Puccinia menthae).
Description
Latin name of the genus and species: Mentha sp.
Variety denomination: ‘BLUE MOUNTAIN MINT’.
None
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of peppermint plant developed from a parent of the species M. arvensis. The new variety will be identified as ‘Blue Mountain Mint.’
‘Blue Mountain Mint’ originated as a seedling from an open pollinated commercial variety (‘Blanco’) of Mentha arvensis, included with other M. arvensis and male fertile M. piperita plants in a polycross breeding program. Commercial M. piperita is sterile and only becomes fertile in the polyploidy state. The parent plants in the polycross breeding system were composed of selected fertile male and female genotypes based on certain desirable characteristics.
This new mint was developed in a mint breeding program in which the primary objective was to develop a Mitcham type peppermint variety having a specific oil composition, acceptable yield and resistant to mint diseases. The new variety is as susceptible to mint wilt (soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae) as its parent, but more resistant to mint rust (air-borne fungus Puccinia menthae). ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ has a higher yield of oil than the control variety, ‘Black Mitcham,’ in test plots since 2014. This plant was selected from a population of mint seedlings in research plots on land near Monmouth, Oreg., and initially identified as 14-27-71.
‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is asexually propagated to maintain the cultivar's genetic integrity and as a means of increasing the selection for commercial planting. Asexual propagation, by tip cuttings or stolon sections, is a common practice in commercial mint cultivation and serves as a means of propagating the normally sterile mint plant. The inventor has conducted asexual propagation with tip cuttings and stolon sections of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ for greenhouse and field planting in Monmouth, Oreg., each year since 2014 and the genotype comes true to form with each generation.
Mint selection 14-27-71, denominated ‘Blue Mountain Mint,’ is a new Mentha sp. cultivar that produces a high yield of an essential oil similar in composition as commercially grown mint varieties. The essential oil is similar to standard M. piperita oil in components composition and ratio of components. Organoleptically it is similar to typical Mentha piperita peppermint oil. It is more resistant to mint rust than current commercially grown Mentha arvensis varieties known to the Inventor.
The accompanying color figures show typical, one-year-old, greenhouse vegetative growth of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ and depicts the color as nearly as reasonably possible.
My new mint plant improves upon and is distinct from other mint plants known to the Inventor in several characteristics, including but not limited to, the following:
-
- 1. It increases yield of an essential oil similar in composition to typical commercial M. piperita known to the Inventor;
- 2. Produces more oil on a dry weight basis than currently grown mint varieties known to the Inventor;
- 3. A more vigorous plant growth with a branching pattern similar to its parent;
- 4. An early spring growth similar to ‘Black Mitcham’ peppermint but with an earlier maturity for desirable chemical composition of its essential oil;
- 5. A level of resistance to mint rust and mint wilt equal to or greater than that of its M. arvensis female parent;
The essential oil extracted from ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ has a composition of components more like that of commercial oil produced by ‘Black Mitcham’ peppermint (M. piperita) than that of M. arvensis as illustrated in Table 1. However, the ratio of oil components in ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is different from that of its parent M. arvensis. The concentration of menthol in oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is less than that of its parent ‘Blanco’ M. arvensis and M. piperita. Menthofuran is present in the oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ and absent in oil of its parent M. arvensis. Organoleptically, the oil of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is the same as that of ‘Black Mitcham’ but different than that of M. arvensis, reflecting the difference in oil component ratios.
TABLE 1 |
A Comparison of ‘Blue Mountain Min’ Essential Oil collected from |
test plots near Monmouth, Oregon, to that of its M. arvensis parent, |
Commercial M. arvensis, and Commercial M. piperita Oils. 1/ |
Mentha | ||||
arvensis | Blue | |||
Essential Oil | Parent | Mountain | Commercial | Commercial |
Components | Seedling | Mint Seedling | M. arvensis | M. piperita |
1-Limonene | 3.0 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 1.7 |
1,8-Cineole | <1.0 | 4.9 | <1.0 | 4.9 |
1-Menthone | 15.7 | 18.5 | 7.3 | 19.4 |
Menthofuran | 0.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 4.2 |
Isomenthone | 3.5 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 3.1 |
1-Menthyl | 3.7 | 6.5 | 2.9 | 5.3 |
Acetate | ||||
1-Menthol | 64.3 | 40.4 | 73.9 | 44.6 |
Pulegone | <1.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 2.1 |
The numbers listed in the above table are percentages based upon the analysis of the respective mint oils by gas chromatography. The percentages are determined by calculation of the relative peak areas. | ||||
1/ Commercial oils of M. arvensis and M. piperita were samples of what is typically produced by mint growers. The essential oil from M. arvensis parent seedling and ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ were collected from plants growing in test plots in 2014. |
This new plant, under greenhouse and field growing conditions, is a bush type plant with lateral branches at each node of the main stems. The average height of ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is 70-96 cm and is equal to or greater than ‘Black Mitcham’ growing under similar conditions and will vary based on fertilizer, soil quality, and water application, amongst other known factors that affect growth patterns. Secondary and tertiary branching occurs to form a compact growth habit. When ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ is mature and ready for harvest, the main stem at mid-plant (approximately between the eleventh and twelfth node) is 9.5-10.5 mm in width. The secondary and tertiary branch stems are 2.5-3.5 mm. The average plant width is 30 cm and the average length of the main stem is 76 cm. The stems are square, glabrous, and a green color that matches Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143B green group.
Mature leaves at the bottom of the plant are ovate as are leaves on secondary branch stems. Leaves on upper mature plants, both main and secondary stems are lanceolate (FIG. 2 ). Mid-main stem leaf size at flowering is 23-26 mm in width and 59-63 mm in length. Leaf size on secondary branches at flowering is 10-12 mm in width and 17-19 mm in length. Leaf petioles on the main stem leaves are 7-8 mm in length. Leaves on the mid-main and lower stem tend to be lanceolate and irregular denticulate while the leaves on the upper plant tend to be more dentate. The main stem leaves have from 11-13 teeth on each side while the secondary branch leaves have 4-5 teeth on each side. The adaxial leaf surface is glabrous and is light green in color, ranging from The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143A to 143B in the green group classification. The abaxial leaf surface is sub-glabrous with oil glands distributed across the surface and is light green in color as illustrated in The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 143A green group. The leaf has 6-9 lateral veins, more or less in parallel off the main vein that runs from the petiole to the tip of the leaf. The veins are prominent in all leaves of ‘Blue Mountain Mint.’
The inflorescence is a determinate spike with capitate flowers developing at the nodes of the spike stem. The cylindrical spikes are about 30 mm in diameter and range from 80-100 mm in length. The capitates flowers are 15-20 mm in width and 16-18 mm in length. The flowers consist of five petals fused into a two lipped corolla. The corolla is violet in color as illustrated in The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart 91C to 91D in the violet-blue group. The calyx is generally green and ranges between 143B and 143C of The Fifth Edition Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, green group. The gynoecium consists of a single pistil with two lobed stigma that is exserted. The androecium consists of four stamens, each with a distinct filament and anther.
While the plant that comprises the present invention has been described in connection with a specific embodiment thereof, it will be understood that this application is intended to cover any variation, uses, or adaptation of the invention (particular those induced by cultivation under different environmental conditions) following, in general the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains and as may be applied to the essential features hereinbefore set forth, and as fall within the scope of the invention and the limits of the appended claim.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of peppermint plant, substantially as shown and described, characterized particularly by improved resistance to mint rust and a high yield of essential oil.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/999,509 USPP27603P2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Mint plant named ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/999,509 USPP27603P2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Mint plant named ‘Blue Mountain Mint’ |
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USPP27603P2 true USPP27603P2 (en) | 2017-01-24 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018211420A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-22 | Firmenich Sa | Compositions comprising essential oils |
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Non-Patent Citations (6)
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018211420A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-22 | Firmenich Sa | Compositions comprising essential oils |
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