USPP2588P - Peach tree - Google Patents
Peach tree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP2588P USPP2588P US PP2588 P USPP2588 P US PP2588P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- seedlings
- trees
- seeds
- peach tree
- variety
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 title description 56
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 title description 10
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 16
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000243786 Meloidogyne incognita Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 208000000291 Nematode Infections Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000589155 Agrobacterium tumefaciens Species 0.000 description 6
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000003902 lesions Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000252254 Catostomidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006308 pollination Effects 0.000 description 4
- XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-JHSLDZJXSA-N (R)-amygdalin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H](C#N)C=2C=CC=CC=2)O1 XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-JHSLDZJXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940089837 Amygdalin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-IJDPOVSISA-N Amygdalin Natural products O([C@H](C#N)c1ccccc1)[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1 XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-IJDPOVSISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010011469 Crying Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241001143352 Meloidogyne Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000005866 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000009910 diseases by infectious agent Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000762 glandular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of peach tree characterized by its early, profuse, and regular bearing habits, whose seeds are advantageously employed in the propagation of seedlings for use as rootorchards.
- a rootstock having improved resistance to such nematodes other undesirable United States Patent characteristics were recognized in the common rootstocks.
- Such characteristics include weeping, excessive sucker growth at budding height, lack of vigor, or obviously monster hybrids of unsual vigor, bark abnormalties which hinder budding, abnormal or unwanted root structure.
- Undesirable characteristics of peach trees employed to produce seeds for seedling rootstock include double blossoms which hinder pollination and seed setting, defective stigmas, clingstones and willowy branches which hinder pruning and picking operations.
- An object of the present invention was, therefore, to produce a peach tree characterized by the production of seeds which when germinated produce seedlings having good resistance to nematode infection, an absence of bark abnormalities, abnormal root structures, crown gall, and other root lesions.
- Another object was to provide a peach tree which produces seeds which when germinated result in seedlings having vigorous and uniform growing habits.
- Another object was to produce a peach tree which produces seeds which when germinated result in seedlings having a minimum of suckers, thus facilitating nursery work and budding.
- Another object was to produce a peach tree characterized by the production of seeds which when germinated result in fast growing seedlings which attain a larger size at budding time than conventional seedlings to permit early and complete June budding.
- Another object was to provide a peach tree which is a regular and heavier bearer of freestone fruits suitable for seedling production.
- Another object was to provide a peach tree which produces seeds characterized upon germination by the production of seedlings having an upright growing habit for easier orchard working.
- Another object was to provide a peach tree having single flowers for improved pollination and seed setting.
- the drawing shows specimens of blossoms, branches, leaves and characteristic fruit, a peach cut transversely of the suture plane and open for inspection of both resultant halves, a peach cut on the suture plane and likewise opened for inspection, and characteristic stones or seeds, all of the new variety.
- the instant variety of peach tree resulted from a planned and deliberately followed procedure directed to obtaining an improved peach tree for producing seeds for seedlings having the above described characteristics.
- Approximately 4,000 seedlings were raised near the city of McFarland, county of Kern, State of California, from seeds harvested from ten parent trees selected from the F2 generation of the Collinso Red Leaf Peach Tree #17, a seedling of the variety described in Plant Patent No. 1,440.
- Such seedlings were subjected to a process of elimination of all seedlings possessing undesirable characteristics, from which seedlings were retained for further evaluation as potential parent trees. Seed from 49 of the 150 trees which were subject to the same elimination process as their parent trees was obtained in 1960. This seed was designated F-3 and was tested in tanks, and under nursery conditions at Wasco, California. One seedling showed its superiority over the parent trees on all major characteristics.
- the selected single superior seedling was asexually reproduced by budding scions taken from the seedling into 106 seedlings of the Lovell unpatented peach trees.
- the resultant trees having Lovell seedling roots and tops of the subject variety were grown and carefully observed.
- the characteristics described herein found in the original seedling were also found in the tops of these budded trees.
- Fruit was produced from the original seedling and from the budded trees, the seeds were removed from these fruit, the seeds were germinated, and a new generation of seedlings was produced. These new generation seedlings then had their tops budded to Nonpareilalmonds, Fortuna clings, Cortez clings, Vivian clings, and Sunrise nectarines.
- Nonpareil almond budded trees on the new generation seedlings were planted ten trees to each of 34 lots in the center of a fortyacre orchard of Nonpareil almonds budded to unpatented Nemaguard trees of the same age at Wasco, California. For control purposes, there were also ten trees of Nonpareil almonds budded on Lovell unpatented rootstock in the samev orchard. After one year of growth, the majority of the lots of trees on the new generation seedlings were doing as well or better than those on the Neanaguar-d land Lovell rootstock and were distinctly superior in growth and bud union compatibilty.
- Seeds from the asexually reproduced progeny of the subject variety in 1961 and 1962 were sent to the University of California at Davis, California, to evaluate the resistivity of seedlings of the subject variety to nematodes.
- tanks of sterilized soil were prepared, the soil of one group of tanks being impregnated with Meloidogyne incognita javarzica nematode culture and that of another group of tanks with Meloidogyne incognita acrita nematode culture.
- Seeds produced by the subject variety, by Lovell and by Nemaguard peach trees were sown in each of the tanks in individual rows, germinated, and grown for the same period under precisely identical cultural conditions. The seedlings were dug at the same time and their roots carefully inspected and graded with respect to nematode infection in accordance with the following scale:
- the seed parent was the seedling known as Collinso Red Leaf #17, which was a selected seedling of the Collinso Red Leaf, Plant Patent No. 1,440 and the other parent is unknown.
- Blossom buds Medium large, long, free, pubescent. Blossoms:
- F0rm.Consistent usually symmetrical. Suturedistinct, shallow, extending from stem to pistil point. Ventral surface-slightly lapped with laps substantially equal. Stem cavity-substantially shallow. Base-globular. Apex--globular with minute pistil point. Stem-short, stocky, relatively firmly aflixed to pit. Skin:
Family
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