USPP20804P3 - Interspecific Ilex hybrid plant designated ‘Spartan’ - Google Patents
Interspecific Ilex hybrid plant designated ‘Spartan’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP20804P3 USPP20804P3 US11/821,235 US82123507V USPP20804P3 US PP20804 P3 USPP20804 P3 US PP20804P3 US 82123507 V US82123507 V US 82123507V US PP20804 P3 USPP20804 P3 US PP20804P3
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ilex
- growth
- new
- plants
- plant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 102100026816 DNA-dependent metalloprotease SPRTN Human genes 0.000 title description 4
- 101710175461 DNA-dependent metalloprotease SPRTN Proteins 0.000 title description 4
- 235000005403 Ilex hybrid Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000003325 Ilex Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000008703 Ilex rugosa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000519743 Ilex rugosa Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000003332 Ilex aquifolium Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000002296 Ilex sandwicensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000002294 Ilex volkensiana Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000519695 Ilex integra Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000208356 Ilex pernyi Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UUTKICFRNVKFRG-WDSKDSINSA-N (4R)-3-[oxo-[(2S)-5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl]methyl]-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CSCN1C(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1 UUTKICFRNVKFRG-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/12—Leaves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
Definitions
- the new cultivar is a result of a formal plant hybridization program conducted during the past forty-five years with many different species of Ilex for the purpose of developing new cultivars that are superior and/or novel to Ilex cultivars current in the trade, and thus of high potential for commercial distribution.
- the important selection factors in this instance include superior winter hardiness, high vigor, excellent and novel foliage characteristics, and attractive fruit display.
- the variety was originated or discovered on a cultivated site at an agricultural experiment station or greenhouse in New Brunswick, N.J. 08901, Middlesex County.
- Our invention is a novel, unique, and highly desirable ornamental form of Ilex which was originated by us by crossing an unnamed and unpatented seedling of Ilex rugosa with a plant of the staminate cultivar known as Ilex ⁇ ( integra/pernyi ) ‘Accent’.
- the variety was asexually reproduced by cuttings and grafts.
- the variety exhibits the following combination of traits:
- the above-listed traits distinguish the Ilex rugosa ⁇ I. ( integra ⁇ pernyi ) ‘Spartan’ from parent plants and known related cultivars. Additional distinguishing characteristics include winter hardiness, high vigor, novel foliage characteristics (in particular, the abundance of pistillate flowers listed above), and fruit arranged in the axils of each lower leaf in an attractive display.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the natural unpruned growth habit of the original seedling of the new variety after two growing-seasons in containers plus eight growing-seasons in the field;
- FIG. 2 illustrates typical foliage of the seedling plant after 10 growing seasons (no fruit are present due to the absence of pollinator plants in the field).
- FIG. 3 illustrates the foliage and fruit characteristics of a fruited branch on a three year cutting-grown plant of the new variety.
- a plant in the mature phase (flowering) can be achieved in one year from a rooted cutting taken from a plant in the mature phase.
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of evergreen shrub holly distinguished in that it combines from three species (Ilex rugosa, I. integra, and I. pernyi), as well as exhibiting desirable landscape and production traits which distinguish it from other forms of Ilex. Plants of the new variety exhibit a moderately vigorous rate of growth, develop a dense, self-compacting, moderately broad conical form of moderate size, possess small, shiny, dark green leaves with a beautiful finely rugose surface and non-spiny margins (consumer friendly) with bright red fruit displayed on wood of the previous season's growth, and are outstanding for their high level of winter hardiness.
Description
Latin name: Ilex rugosa×I. (integra×pernyi).
Cultivar name: ‘Spartan’.
The new cultivar is a result of a formal plant hybridization program conducted during the past forty-five years with many different species of Ilex for the purpose of developing new cultivars that are superior and/or novel to Ilex cultivars current in the trade, and thus of high potential for commercial distribution. The important selection factors in this instance include superior winter hardiness, high vigor, excellent and novel foliage characteristics, and attractive fruit display.
To our knowledge, plants of the combination of these three species have not been previously reported.
The variety was originated or discovered on a cultivated site at an agricultural experiment station or greenhouse in New Brunswick, N.J. 08901, Middlesex County. Our invention is a novel, unique, and highly desirable ornamental form of Ilex which was originated by us by crossing an unnamed and unpatented seedling of Ilex rugosa with a plant of the staminate cultivar known as Ilex×(integra/pernyi) ‘Accent’. The variety was asexually reproduced by cuttings and grafts.
The variety exhibits the following combination of traits:
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- (a) A moderately vigorous, dense and self-compacting evergreen shrub of Ilex of semi-upright branching that becomes almost conical with minimum pruning but becomes more rounded and slightly columnar if the terminal leader(s) is removed in which case the plant is easy to maintain at a desirable height.
- (b) Evergreen leaves which are primarily ovate to elliptic with attenuate base, rugulose surface, serrulate margin (consumer friendly—no spines) and obtuse tip, and which are dark green and shiny.
- (c) An abundance of pistillate flowers well positioned on shoots of the previous year's growth and providing a well distributed set of fruit maturing to a bright red in the fall and then persisting throughout the winter.
- (d) Low susceptibility to disease and insect pests. In a landscape setting, plants of ‘Spartan’ variety develop a dense, self-compacting, conical growth habit and can be used as foundation plants, as hedge plants, or even as a single specimen since the plants are easy to maintain at a desirable height, are evergreen with red fruit and are not plagued by insect pests or disease organisms, all of which makes them useful in a wide range of landscape settings.
The above-listed traits distinguish the Ilex rugosa×I. (integra×pernyi) ‘Spartan’ from parent plants and known related cultivars. Additional distinguishing characteristics include winter hardiness, high vigor, novel foliage characteristics (in particular, the abundance of pistillate flowers listed above), and fruit arranged in the axils of each lower leaf in an attractive display.
This new cultivar of holly is illustrated by the accompanying photographic drawings, depicting the plant by the best possible color representation using color photography. The color definitions in the specification have been taken from The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society, London, England. The colors depicted are believed to be of a high level of fidelity and are believed to be as close to the actual coloration of the plant as possible in a photographic illustration of this quality. However, due to factors such as light reflectance, cultural conditions and horticultural practices, the coloration of this plant should be understood to be approximate. For example, the leaf color may vary depending on the composition and the concentration of fertilizer that may be applied to the plant.
The following is a detailed description of our new cultivar of Ilex made from observation of the original seedling growing in the ground in the vicinity of New Brunswick, N.J. and of cutting-grown plants growing in the ground at Princeton, N.J.
- Parentage: Pistillate seedling of Ilex rugosa×Ilex×(integra/pernyi) ‘Accent’.
- Pollinator: Plant may be pollinated by a staminate plant of Ilex×aquipernyi or Ilex×meserveae with synchronous flowering period.
- Plant growth characteristics: The original seedling had an upright conical habit, attaining a height of 2.13 m, and a basal width of 1.37 m which tapered to a width of 0.76 m at the apex after being grown in a container for two growing seasons followed by eight growing seasons in the field under conditions of minimal fertilization and minimal supplemental irrigation. Diameter of the tree trunk at 10 centimeters above the soil level was 5.9 centimeters at 10 years. Under more optimal growing conditions, cutting-grown plants make vigorous growth (approximately 20 to 25 centimeters per year), becoming wider and more nearly columnar in habit. With judicial pruning, a dense conical form can be maintained readily if such is desired.
Growth rate of the plants varies based on climatic conditions and soil type or artificial growing medium utilized and on cultural practices such as fertilization and supplemental irrigation. A plant in the mature phase (flowering) can be achieved in one year from a rooted cutting taken from a plant in the mature phase.
- Foliage:
-
- Type.—Evergreen, coriaceous and semi-glossy. Leaves primarily ovate to elliptic with attenuate base, rugulose surface and serrulate margins, and obtuse tip. Leaves borne alternatively along stem at a density of one leaf per 9 mm length of stem with the exception that the 2–3 terminal leaves may be much smaller and positioned only 2–4 mm apart on the stem.
- Size.—Leaf size varies with light intensity and the program of fertilization and supplemental irrigation. Typical size averages 3–5 cm long and 2 cm wide.
- Petiole.—Approximately 6.2 mm long and 1.2 mm wide, color is Yellow-Green Group 144C.
- Color.—Mature levels, upper surface — closest to Green Group 137A but a little greener and darker; undersurface — between Yellow-Green Group 144C and 144D.
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- Stems:
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- Color.—Tip 7.5 to 10 cm of new spring growth is Green Group 138A. One year old stems are Green Group 137C. Base of the tree trunk is Green Group 137B.
Numerous dense branches at 45–60° angle. Current season's growth varies from 2.5–4.0 mm in diameter and 15–30 cm in length. Older wood progressively larger in diameter.
- Color.—Tip 7.5 to 10 cm of new spring growth is Green Group 138A. One year old stems are Green Group 137C. Base of the tree trunk is Green Group 137B.
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- Inflorescence and fruit:
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- Flowers.—Small on pedicels 3–4 mm in length borne on 1 mm spurs in leaf axils of previous year's growth. Typically 5 mm diameter, fragrance — none detected, lastingness of bloom approximately 6–8 days if pollination and fertilization occurs as soon as flowers open; otherwise 10–12 days depending on factors of weather such as sunlight, temperature, wind and rain; corolla rotate, sepals 4–5 with a shape of an equilateral triangle, all three sides being 1 mm in length with the apex of the pyramid appearing very slightly rounded under magnification, margins being entire; petals 4–5; petal oblong with a length averaging 3.19 mm, width averaging 1.91 mm, base truncate, margin entire, apex obtuse; buds form during August and September in the axils of the leaves and appear as tiny nodules of tissues. In following growing season, buds continue to develop and take on a specific observable form which changes continuously in shape, length and diameter until completely developed and about to open; just prior to anthesis, the abaxial surface of the petals is primarily Yellow-Green Group 150D with the apical ¼ of the petal closest to Greyed-Red Group 178A. The basal area of the adaxial surface of the petals of an open flower is closest to but slightly whiter than White Group 150D with the apical ¼ of each petal being closest to Greyed-Red Group 178B. The abaxial surface of the tiny sepals Greyed-Purple Group 185A. The adaxial surface of the anthers is Greyed-Purple Group 185A; the abaxial surface of the sepals is Greyed-Purple Group 185B at the tip and Green Group 138A at the base.
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- Fruit:
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- Type.—Drupe containing 4, occasionally 5, woody pyrenes.
- Size.—Basically rounded with a rather flat top, approximately 7.0 mm in height and 8.0 mm in width.
- Color.—At maturity, fruit are Red Group 46B, with a black stigma.
Excluding the apical two or three leaves on the growth of the previous season, the fruit borne singly on pedicels in the axil of each lower leaf averages 5.34 fruit borne at the axil of each leaf.
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- Reproductive organ:
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- Pistil.—1; — Stigma 1; stigma is sessile on the ovary, therefore, there is no style. Ovary — 1 with 4, occasionally 5 loculi. Stamens — 4 and occasionally 5, pollen not produced as plant is pistillate, the filaments and anthers that comprise the stamens being rudimentary.
- Pedicel.—Length 3.0–4.0 mm; width 1.0 mm; color — Yellow-Green Group 144C; ovary height 3.5 mm; width 3.5 mm; color — Yellow-Green Group 144B; Stigma — height of 0.5 mm and width of 2 mm; 4–5 lobed; color — in flower is Yellow-Green Group 151C; on mature fruit color is Greyed-Purple Group 187B; Filament — length 2.0 mm; width 0.5 mm; color closest to White Group 155D: Anther — length 0.5 mm; width 0.25 mm; color Greyed-Yellow Group 161B;
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- Environmental tolerance: Field grown plants of this new variety exhibit winter hardiness in U.S.D.A. Plant Hardiness Map (January 1990) Zone 6a (−10° F.). No insect or disease damage has been observed on plants growing in the field. Asexual reproduction by cuttings of our new variety has been accomplished in the vicinity of New Brunswick, N.J. The plant reproduces true to type in successive generations of asexual reproduction.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct interspecific hybrid shrub plant of Ilex, substantially as herein shown and described.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/821,235 USPP20804P3 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Interspecific Ilex hybrid plant designated ‘Spartan’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/821,235 USPP20804P3 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Interspecific Ilex hybrid plant designated ‘Spartan’ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080320627P1 US20080320627P1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
USPP20804P3 true USPP20804P3 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
Family
ID=40137946
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/821,235 Active 2027-08-02 USPP20804P3 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2007-06-22 | Interspecific Ilex hybrid plant designated ‘Spartan’ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USPP20804P3 (en) |
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2007
- 2007-06-22 US US11/821,235 patent/USPP20804P3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20080320627P1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY,NEW JERSEY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ORTON, ELWIN R.;GANT, DAVID A.;REEL/FRAME:020494/0062 Effective date: 20070613 |