USPP18151P3 - Southern highbush blueberry plant named ‘Camellia’ - Google Patents
Southern highbush blueberry plant named ‘Camellia’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP18151P3 USPP18151P3 US11/282,299 US28229905V USPP18151P3 US PP18151 P3 USPP18151 P3 US PP18151P3 US 28229905 V US28229905 V US 28229905V US PP18151 P3 USPP18151 P3 US PP18151P3
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- camellia
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- berry
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- fruit
- Prior art date
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- 241000335421 Vaccinium darrowii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 description 16
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 241000579895 Chlorostilbon Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910052876 emerald Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010976 emerald Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010204 pine bark Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000006555 Chamaerops humilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233639 Pythium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001361634 Rhizoctonia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001533598 Septoria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012429 Vaccinium sp Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005078 fruit development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/36—Ericaceae, e.g. azalea, cranberry or blueberry
- A01H6/368—Vaccinium, e.g. cranberry, blueberry
Definitions
- Botanical classification Vaccinium sp. hybrida.
- Varietal denomination ‘Camellia’.
- the invention was made in part with Federal funds pursuant to the Hatch Act.
- ‘Camellia’ has been primarily compared with four southern highbush standard cultivars, ‘Georgiagem’ (non patented), ‘O'Neal’ (non patented), ‘Sharpblue’ (non patented) and ‘Star’ (PP 10,675).
- ‘Georgiagem’ non patented
- ‘O'Neal’ non patented
- ‘Sharpblue’ non patented
- Star PP 10,675
- ‘Camellia's’ berry color rating of 9.0 was significantly better than ‘Georgiagem’ (7.9), ‘O'Neal’ (7.9), ‘Sharpblue’ (8.4) and ‘Star’ (8.0), and its plant vigor rating of 9.3 was significantly better than ‘Geogiagem’ (7.0), ‘O'Neal’ (5.1), ‘Sharpblue’ (6.8) and ‘Star’ (6.3).
- the large berry size and highly blue fruit are very desirable for marketing.
- FIG. 1 shows a 2 year old plant bearing fruit at Griffin, Ga. Jun. 13, 2005).
- FIG. 2 shows a cluster of berries (Jun. 13, 2005).
- FIG. 3 shows a plant in bloom (Apr. 1, 2005), at Griffin, GA., significantly later than most mid- to early-season varieties.
- ‘Camellia’ is a mid- to early-season southern highbush blueberry having highly favorable fruit attributes, especially size and color, relatively late flowering, and excellent plant vigor. It has similar chill hour requirements to other early season Southern highbush varieties, in the range of 400 to 450 hours.
- the cultivar has a moderate degree of self-compatibility. It should be grown with another cultivar such as ‘Star’, ‘Palmetto’ (PP Application No. 10/909,650, issued on Jul. 4, 2006 as U.S. PP 16,756) or ‘O'Neal’.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The most distinctive feature of the southern highbush blueberry, ‘Camellia’, is its combination of excellent fruit attributes, especially size and color, its relatively late flowering for a mid- to early-season variety and its excellent plant vigor under field and high density growth conditions.
Description
Botanical classification: Vaccinium sp. hybrida.
Varietal denomination: ‘Camellia’.
The invention was made in part with Federal funds pursuant to the Hatch Act.
‘Camellia’ was selected in 1996 at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, Ga. from a cross of MS-122 ×MS-6. MS-122 was the female parent and MS-6 was the male parent. MS-122 is a propeny from across of G-144 ×US-121, and MS-6 is from a cross of G-107 x ‘Sharpblue’ (non patented). The numbered parents are breeding lines which are no longer available. These were never released or otherwise utilized because of inferior fruit quality and/or plant vigor. ‘Camellia’ a hybrid containing mostly V. corymbosum with a small amount of V. darrowi. ‘Camellia’ has been tested in a planting at Alapaha Ga., since 1998.
‘Camellia’ has been asexually propagated on many occasions since 1996 by softwood cuttings at Griffin, Ga. It roots readily from softwood cuttings and in all cases the clones propagated from cuttings have maintained the vegetative and fruit characteristics of the original selection.
‘Camellia’ has been primarily compared with four southern highbush standard cultivars, ‘Georgiagem’ (non patented), ‘O'Neal’ (non patented), ‘Sharpblue’ (non patented) and ‘Star’ (PP 10,675). One of the most outstanding characteristics of ‘Camellia’ is its high degree of plant vigor when grown with and without pine bark mulch. Its plant vigor when grown at Alapaha, Ga. from 1998 to 2000, on a rating scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being excellent, was 6.0 (without mulch) and 9.0 (with mulch) compared to 3.3 and 6.3 for ‘Georgiagem’, 3.0 and 5.7 for ‘O'Neal’, 4.3 and 5.7 for ‘Sharpblue’, and 4.3 and 6.3 for ‘Star’.
When grown under field conditions at Alapaha, Ga., from 1999 through 2002, the average berry size, berry color, and plant vigor were outstanding. The ‘Camellia’ berry size rating of 9.3 was significantly better than ‘Georgiagem’ (7.5), ‘O'Neal’ (8.1), ‘Sharpblue’ (7.7) and ‘Star’ (7.8). ‘Camellia's’ berry color rating of 9.0 was significantly better than ‘Georgiagem’ (7.9), ‘O'Neal’ (7.9), ‘Sharpblue’ (8.4) and ‘Star’ (8.0), and its plant vigor rating of 9.3 was significantly better than ‘Geogiagem’ (7.0), ‘O'Neal’ (5.1), ‘Sharpblue’ (6.8) and ‘Star’ (6.3). The large berry size and highly blue fruit are very desirable for marketing.
The average 50% flowering date over a 4 year period for ‘Camellia’ grown under field conditions at Alapaha, Ga., was significantly later than ‘O'Neal’ (11 days), ‘Sharpblue’ (15 days), ‘Star’ (9 days), and similar to ‘Georgiagem’, thereby reducing the risk of spring freeze damage. Its 50% ripening date was similar to the other four varieties so it is within the mid- to early-season for production.
Some growers in Georgia are growing southern highbush blueberries in a high density system utilizing pine bark beds. A high density planting was established during 2002 at Alapaha, Ga., to evaluate performance of ‘Camellia’ compared to ‘Emerald’ (PP 12,165) and ‘Star’ under these conditions. ‘Camellia’ showed greater plant vigor (9.3) than ‘Emerald’ (8.3) or ‘Star’ (6.5), and greater berry weight (1.92 g) at first harvest and overall harvest (1.48 g) than ‘Star’ (1.21 g and 1.29 g, respectively) with similar weights to ‘Emerald’ (1.88 g and 1.75 g, respectively). The total berry yield of ‘Emerald’ was grater than ‘Camellia’, but the 15 days earlier flowering date of ‘Emerald’ greatly increases the risk of substantial frost damage in many years.
‘Camellia’ is a mid- to early-season southern highbush blueberry having highly favorable fruit attributes, especially size and color, relatively late flowering, and excellent plant vigor. It has similar chill hour requirements to other early season Southern highbush varieties, in the range of 400 to 450 hours.
The following is a detailed description of the botanical and pomological characteristics of ‘Camellia’. Where dimensions, sizes, colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations and averages set forth as accurately as practicable. Color data are presented in Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart designations. The descriptions reported herein are largely from specimen plants grown in Alapaha, Ga. and Griffin, Ga., with supplemental irrigation. Plants were 2 to 4 years old.
- Plant:
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- Size.—Reaches 1.5 to 2.0 m tall by 4 years. Three to four year old plants have a spread of 20 to 30 cm at the base and 80-110 cm near the top of plant.
- Growth habit.—Strong upright growth habit. Narrow crowns, limited suckering.
- Growth.—High vigor; strong cane growth.
- Productivity.—Medium, averaging 4.5 to 5 lbs per plant each year for 3 to 4 year old plants grown in bark beds with irrigation.
- Cold hardiness.—Plants should survive in USDA hardiness zones 6 thru 9.
- Chilling requirement.—Plants require 400 to 450 hours of temperatures at or below 45° F. (7° C.) to induce normal leafing and flowering during the spring.
- Leafing.—Plants do not readily break numerous leaf buds simultaneously with anthesis.
- Canes.—Cane 3 years old and older can be 20 to 30 mm in diameter; color is Greyed-Green (197C). 2 years old wood is 5 to 10 mm in diameter; color is Yellow-Green (145A). Current season shoot is 2 to 4 mm in diameter; color is Yellow-Green (145B).
- Diseases.—Reasonable tolerance to the soil born diseases, pythium, phytophora and rhizoctonia. Less susceptible to septoria leaf spot than ‘Star’.
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- Foliage:
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- Leaf color.—Healthy mature leaves: top side of leaf color is Green (137A), under side of leaf color is Yellow-Green (148C).
- Leaf arrangement.—Alternate, distichous.
- Leaf shape.—Elliptic.
- Leaf margins.—Nearly Entire, slightly crenate near base.
- Leaf venation.—Reticulate.
- Leaf apices.—Acuminate.
- Leaf bases.—Acute to acuminate.
- Leaf dimensions.—Length 65 to 75 mm; width 25 to 35 mm.
- Leaf surface.—Smooth, with moderate wax for a highbush cultivar.
- Petioles.—Small, 4.0 to 6.0 mm long. Color is Yellow-Green (145B). Petiole width is 1.6 to 1.8 mm.
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- Flowers:
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- Date of 50% anthesis.—March 11 (4 year average in southeast Georgia).
- Flower shape.—Urceolate.
- Flower bud number.—Medium.
- Flowers per cluster.—5 to 7.
- Flower fragrance.—A light, fruit fragrance is sometimes present.
- Corolla color.—White (155A) open flower.
- Corolla length.—8.5 to 9.5 mm.
- Corolla width.—8.5 to 10.0 mm.
- Corolla aperture width.—3.5 to 4.8 mm.
- Flower peduncle.—Length 15 to 22 mm; Color Yellow-Green (145A).
- Flower pedicel.—Length 5 to 8 mm; Color Green (146C).
- Calyx (with sepals).—Diameter 6.5 to 7.0 mm; color Yellow-Green (146D).
- Stamen.—Length 7.2 to 7.5 mm; number per flower 10; filament color: Yellow-Green (145C).
- Style.—Length 9.0 to 9.5 mm; color Yellow-Green (145A).
- Pistil.—Length 11.5 to 12.0 mm; ovary color (exterior) Green (139C).
- Anther.—Length 4.3 to 4.5 mm; number 10; color Greyed-Orange (165B).
- Pollen.—Abundance: medium; color Yellow-Orange (18B).
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The cultivar has a moderate degree of self-compatibility. It should be grown with another cultivar such as ‘Star’, ‘Palmetto’ (PP Application No. 10/909,650, issued on Jul. 4, 2006 as U.S. PP 16,756) or ‘O'Neal’.
- Fruit:
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- Date of 50% maturity.—May 14 (4 year average in southeast Ga.). Date of 10% maturity is May 3rd and date of 90% maturity is May 26th on average.
- Fruit development period.—64 to 69 days.
- Berry color.—With wax Violet-Blue (97C); with wax removed Black (202A).
- Berry surface wax abundance.—Very high.
- Berry flesh color.—White (155C).
- Berry weight.—1st harvest 2.3 g to 2.6 g; 2nd harvest 1.8 g to 2.0 g.
- Berry size.—Height from calyx to scar 14.0 to 15.0 mm; diameter 18.0 to 21.0 mm.
- Berry shape.—Berry shape is nearly spherical.
- Fruit stem scar.—Medium, dry, no tearing.
- Berry firmness.—Good to excellent.
- Berry flavor and texture.—Good flavor, excellent texture.
- Storage quality.—Good to excellent.
- Suitability for mechanical harvesting.—Not likely.
- Uses.—Primarily used as fresh fruit for shipping.
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- Seed:
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- Seed abundance in fruit.—Low to medium.
- Seed color—Greyed-Orange (165B).
- Seed dry weight.—51.2 mg per 100 seed.
- Seed size.—1.0 to 1.5 mm long for fully developed seeds.
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Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of southern highbush blueberry plant, substantially as illustrated and described.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/282,299 USPP18151P3 (en) | 2005-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | Southern highbush blueberry plant named ‘Camellia’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/282,299 USPP18151P3 (en) | 2005-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | Southern highbush blueberry plant named ‘Camellia’ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070118942P1 US20070118942P1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
USPP18151P3 true USPP18151P3 (en) | 2007-10-30 |
Family
ID=38054965
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/282,299 Active USPP18151P3 (en) | 2005-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | Southern highbush blueberry plant named ‘Camellia’ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USPP18151P3 (en) |
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2005
- 2005-11-18 US US11/282,299 patent/USPP18151P3/en active Active
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US20070118942P1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC., G Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NESMITH, D. SCOTT;REEL/FRAME:016969/0831 Effective date: 20051212 Owner name: AGRICULTURE, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE AS REPR Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DRAPER, ARLEN D.;REEL/FRAME:017161/0949 Effective date: 20051221 |