USPP1649P - Peach tree - Google Patents

Description

H. c. SWIM Plant Pat. 1,649

Oct. 8, 1957 when TREE Filed Nov. 6, 1956 United States PatentO 1,649 PEACH Herbert G. :Swiin, Ontario, Califi, assignor to Armstrong Nurseries, Inc., Ontario, Califl, a corporation of Cali- .fornia Application November 6, 1956, Serial Nufezmns a 1 Claim; 01. 47--62) The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of peach tree of the ye'llowfieshed, 'freestoiie, fruit-bearing type, which was originated by the by crossing two unnamed and unpatented peach varieties with the mid-August in southern California. The tree of this parent was endowed with a vigorous habit of growth, good yielding habit, and required only medium chilling.

The pollen parent, on the other hand, was a yellowfleshed, freestone fruit type of peach, the fruit of which was medium size, with good skin color, a good but rather acid flavor, and having a ripening period from middle to late June in southern California. This parent'variety was further characterized by its heavy yielding ability and from a low'to medium chilling requirenment. V a

The new variety which resulted from the aforementi'oned breeding is characterized by the following dominant features which represent a unique combination and distinguish the new variety from its parents, as well as from all other varieties of which Iatn aware:

(1) A vigorous tree growth and consistent production of large fruit crops eah' season;

(2) Very large, yellow-fleshed, freestone fruit;

(3) The outer surface of the fruit skin is overlaid with an attractive red blush, particularly on the side exposed to the sun;

(4) A fruit maturation period from peak bloom to tree-ripe approximately 4 or 5 days longer than that of the'well-known standard variety July Elberta (Plant Patent No. 15), but because the new variety has a lower chilling requirement than July Elberta and a resultant earlier blooming habit, the new variety ripens from 5 to days ahead of July Elberta in southern California, usually from early to mid-July; and I (5 -A low to medium Winter chilling requirement, falling between the variety Springtime (Plant Patent No. 1268) and Redwing (Plant Patent No. 621), as observed in southern California.

In comparison with its unnamed seed parent, the fruit of my new variety ripens 3 or 4 weeks earlier; has yellow flesh instead of the white flesh of the parent; and has a more balanced sugar and acid flavor than the sweeter flavor of this parent.

As compared with its unnamed pollen parent, the fruit of my new variety ripens 2 or 3 weeks later; is larger in size; and has a more balanced sugar and acid flavor than the strongly acid fruit of this parent.

Asexual reproduction of the new variety by grafting, as performed at Ontario, California, shows that the foregoing-characteristics and distinctions come true to form delectable flavor, with a ripening period from early to Plant Pat. 1,649

and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.- I The accon'rpanying drawing snows 't" the foliage and fruit of new upper-and liiifi'f surfaces or the and'with both exterior and ee being shown, an as depictediii hit as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make the same in a color illustration of this character.

The'following is a detailed description of my new variety, as based upon obs r'vat'ioiis of specimens grown at Ontario, California, with colorteirhiiiology accordance with Robert F. Wilsons Horticultural Chart, except where color is given fromRi y'l's" 1" Standafds and Nomenclature (hefeiiiafte abbreviated as Ridg'way), or where general colbi' terms of ofdinary dictionary significance are (shy-ion:

Dates first and last picking: Generally ripens from 5 to 10 days. ahead of July Elberta in early to mid-July at -Ontariio, California, though over a prolonged period of observation, the dates of commencement of first ripening ranged from June 30th to July 20th, with ripening endingfrom July 10th to July 28th.

Tree: Large; vigorous; upright; dense; vase-formed; very productive; regular bearer.

Trunkr From stocky to medium in caliper; medium surface roughness.

Branches-From stocky to medium caliper; medium smoothness; dull. 'Color neai' Roods Brown, Plate XXVII I (Ridgway)., overlaid heavily with near Light Grayish Olive, PIa-teXLVI (Ridgway). Lenticels from iiuinerous to medium in number;

medium size.

'Leaves. 'Acuminate; lanceolate; medium thickness;

relatively smooth; wavy'type as described in publication by Meader and Blake entitled Progress report on identification of peach varieties by leaf characteristics, appearing in American'Society for Horticultural Science Proceedings for 1939, vol. 37, pages 203 to 207. Size.largef; lengthfrorn6 inches to 7% inches; width-from 1 /2 inhes to 2 'ihches. Color: upper surifade-near L=Deep Dull Yellow-Green (1),, Plate (Ridgway); 'under" surface=-near Chromium Green, Plate XXXII (Ridgway). Margin-finely serrate. Petiole-medium length; from inch to /2 inch in length; fromthick to medium thickness. Glandsaverage 4 in number; opposite; large; reniform; usually positioned on petiole below attachment of leaf blade, and also sometimes on leaf blade near attachment to petiole. Colorgreen.

Stipules.Short; narrow; early deciduous.

Flower buds: From medium size to small; medium length; conic-pointed; bud scales with yellowish pubescence; free portion of calyx with grayish pubescence on outside surface.

Flowers:

Dates first and full bloom-Over a prolonged period of observations, widely varied from February 8th to March 7th, and from February 17th to March 25th, respectively, due to weather variations from year-to-year; considered early to medium as compared with other varieties.

Size.Small; non-showy type.

Color (newly opened flower) .Between Neyron Rose, Plate 623/1, page 76 and'Phlox Pink, Plate 625/ 1, page 77.

Fruit:

Maturity when described.-Eating-ripe. Date-July 's' of the fruit i seal- 0111, slight ly'variable; large. -Axia1 diam- Cavityr- From rounded to somewhat elongated in suture plane, with suture showing on one side. .Depthffit inch. 'Breadth-frOm-Vz inch to /8 ."finchk '-f 3 Base Ro'unded.-

.A.peqc..-Shor t;.rounded; with short apical pistil'point. Stam.,'From inch to' /z inch in length; stout;

glabrous; strongadherence to stone. Skim-Medium thickness; medium texture; free. Tendency to cracknone. Color-between Lem- Y 011 Yellow, Plate 4/2, page 4 and Buttercup Yellow, Plate 5/2, page 5, overlaid particularly on side exposed to the sun with between Delft Rose, Plate 020/1, page 108 and Delft Rose, Plate 020, page 108 and with Claret Rose, Plate 021, page 109. Downmoderate; from medium to short; rolls up when rubbed. Flesh. Colorbetween- Buttercup Yellow, Plate 5/2, page 5 and Indian Yellow, Plate 6/2, page 6,

with flecks and streaks or blotches of near Geranium Lake, Plate 20, page 20. Surface of pit cavitycolornear Geranium Lake, Plate 20, page 20, with fibres of near Indian Yellow, Plate '6/2, page 6. Amygdalin-scant. -Juice--from abundant to moderate; rich. Texture---medium firmness; fine; melting. Fibresmedium number; fine; tender. Ripensfairly evenly. Flavorsubacid. Aromapronounced. Eating qualitygood. Stone: Free; adheres to flesh along both dorsal and ventral edges; short fibres; free on sides; sometimes retains short fibres infurrows.

Size.--From large to medium. Length-from 1 /2 inches to 1% inches. "Breadth-4mm inch to 1% inches. H Thicknessfrom Vs inch to inch. Form. 0void; 'cuneate towards apex.

Sides-Very slightly unequal; curved on right and left sides. V Surface.lrregularly furrowed towards apex; ridged towards apex; pitted from base to above center. Ridges.Usually rounded towards apex. Pits.Elongated. Ventral edg e.-From medium to thick; with wing throughout. I Dorsal edge.-Medium; with shallow, narrow groove to above center; ridges on either side interrupted. Tendency to sp-lit.-None. V Col0r.-BetweenSayal Brown, Plate XXIX (Ridgway) and Snuff Brown, Plate XXIX (Ridgway), with streaks of between Spectrum Red, Plate I (Ridgway) and Carmine, Plate I (Ridgway).

Use: Market; local; dessert.

Keeping quality: From good to medium.

Insect resistance: vMedium resistance to thrips, as determined by comparison with other varieties grown under same cultural conditions at Ontario, California.

Disease resistance: N0 disease susceptibility observed at Ontario, California. Y

Shipping quality: From good to medium.

I claim:

A new and distinct variety of peach tree of the yellowfleshed, freestone fruit-bearing type, substantially as herein shown and described, characterized particularly as to novelty by its vigorous growth and consistent production of large crops each season, the very large size of its fruit, the attractive red blush on the outer surface .July Elberta (Plant Patent No. 15), its low to medium winter chilling requirement falling between that of the variety Springtime (Plant Patent No. 1268) and Redwing (Plant Patent No. 621) and even lower than that of July Elberta, its resultant earlier blooming habit,

and its earlier ripening habit averaging from 5 to 10 days earlier than July Elberta and falling from early to mid-July in southern California.

No references cited.

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