USPP15386P2 - Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ - Google Patents
Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP15386P2 USPP15386P2 US10/734,000 US73400003V USPP15386P2 US PP15386 P2 USPP15386 P2 US PP15386P2 US 73400003 V US73400003 V US 73400003V US PP15386 P2 USPP15386 P2 US PP15386P2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bing
- brown
- color
- tree
- variety
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000010401 Prunus avium Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 title description 14
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000007021 Prunus avium Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000011842 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036039 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds
- A01H6/7445—Cherries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of sweet cherry tree, Prunus avium L ., which, though similar to its parent ‘Bing’ (not patented) in some characteristics, is decidedly different in maturity and other characteristics as described herein.
- the new variety originated as a whole-branch mutation of a ‘Bing’ cherry tree growing in a cultivated orchard located at Wenatchee Heights, near Wenatchee, Wash., U.S.A., some time after the parent ‘Bing’ tree was planted in 1986.
- the mutated branch was first noticed by the inventor in 1994, who initially believed that some disease or other condition was causing the fruit on the mutated branch to ripe 22 to 24 days later than the rest of the tree.
- the new sweet cherry variety is similar, if not identical, to its parent ‘Bing’ in wood, leaf, bloom, and most fruit characteristics but is distinct from it in maturity, coloring pattern, firmness, and flavor. Because of its greater firmness, storage quality is longer than ‘Bing’.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph of the parent ‘Bing’ tree, showing the mutated branch
- FIG. 2 is a close-up photograph of the fruit of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree in various aspects
- FIG. 3 is a photograph of the flowers of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree
- FIG. 4 is a photo of a vegetative shoot of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree, showing upper and lower leaf surfaces;
- FIG. 5 is a comparison of the fruit of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree with StaccatoTM ‘13S2009’ (U.S. Patent applied for) (shown as “135 2009”).
- Vigor. Volt. —Vigorous, annual growth approximately 45 cm.
- Branching habit Upright, spreading.
- Density Average for sweet cherry.
- Shape Pruned for commercial production, steep leader training, moderate to heavy pruning to produce large fruit.
- Bark texture Typical sweet cherry: smooth, with vertical striations and horizontal lenticels.
- Lenticels. Elongated, 0.5 ⁇ 3 cm, about 2 cm apart vertically.
- Texture Typical of sweet cherry, smooth with vertical striations and horizontal lenticels.
- Petiole. 3.0 to 3.5 cm long; 3 mm thick at base, brownish green (5 Y 5/8) along petiole groove; Olive green (2.5 GY 6/4) along lower surface.
- Midvein. Medium, 2 mm thick at base; Olive green (2.5 GY 7/6), tapering to apex.
- Glands Two in number, positioned alternatively; prominent, reniform in shape, dark purple in color (7.5 R 9/2); positioned on rim of petiole groove about 2 to 3.5 cm from base of leaf petiole.
- Texture Smooth, with slight depression along veins.
- Quantity One to 5, average quantity 2 per node.
- Size Medium-large, 30 to 35 mm in diameter when fully open.
- Bloom count Generally 3 per bud (same as ‘Bing’), 5 to 8 buds per spur cluster.
- Petals. Quantity 5 per flower; average length 15 mm, width 12.5 mm, cupped slightly inward; apex round; base acute; margin smooth, non serrated; upper and lower surfaces white in color.
- Stamens. Filament length 10 mm.
- Pedicel. Medium length, 20 mm, diameter 1 mm; Green 5GY 5/6.
- Peduncle. Length 3 mm; diameter 4 mm; Brown 10YR 4/6.
- Quantity 2 to 3 per cluster.
- Stem cavity Medium to shallow, maximum depth 2 mm; breadth 10 mm shoulder to shoulder; characteristically lighter in color at base of stem (see ‘skin’).
- Flesh texture Extremely firm, firmer than ‘Bing’ or ‘Staccato’. Firmness as measured by a Firmtech instrument on fully ripe fruit ( ⁇ 20 degrees Brix) averaged over 400 g/mm. ‘Bing’ picked at a similar maturity averages about 255 g/mm.
- Fibers. Fibers. —Few.
- Flavor. Sweet, low acid, milder than ‘Staccato’ and ‘Bing’.
- Stone type. Felesh clings to pit, similar to ‘Bing’ and most other cherry varieties.
- Ventral edge Wide, with slight wings on ridges converging basically and apically.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of sweet cherry, Prunus avium L., denominated ‘Brown’, which is a late-ripening mutation of the well-known ‘Bing’ variety. This mutation ripens 22 to 24 days after ‘Bing’ and is distinct from it, not only in maturity but also in other characteristics.
Description
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Prunus avium L.
Variety denomination: ‘Brown’.
None.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of sweet cherry tree, Prunus avium L., which, though similar to its parent ‘Bing’ (not patented) in some characteristics, is decidedly different in maturity and other characteristics as described herein.
The new variety originated as a whole-branch mutation of a ‘Bing’ cherry tree growing in a cultivated orchard located at Wenatchee Heights, near Wenatchee, Wash., U.S.A., some time after the parent ‘Bing’ tree was planted in 1986. The mutated branch was first noticed by the inventor in 1994, who initially believed that some disease or other condition was causing the fruit on the mutated branch to ripe 22 to 24 days later than the rest of the tree.
In 1996, the inventor took scionwood from the original mutated branch and grafted it to two established ‘Bing’ cherry trees in an adjacent orchard. The established trees had been fruiting for three years. The fruit from the grafted trees is identical to that of the mutated branch of the original tree, thus establishing the trueness to type of the mutation. The claimed variety has further been shown to reproduce true to type over successive asexually propagated generations.
In 1997, 210 trees were budded at Wenatchee, Wash. U.S.A. These third-generation trees started fruiting in 2002.
The new sweet cherry variety is similar, if not identical, to its parent ‘Bing’ in wood, leaf, bloom, and most fruit characteristics but is distinct from it in maturity, coloring pattern, firmness, and flavor. Because of its greater firmness, storage quality is longer than ‘Bing’.
Interest in this new variety arises from the potentiality of extending the market for a ‘Bing’-type cherry for at least one month.
The accompanying color photographs show typical tree, fruit, flower, and leaf specimens of the new sweet cherry tree variety and depict the color as near to true as it is reasonably possible to do in making a color illustration of this character. It should be noted that colors may vary with growing conditions and time of year, as well as with lighting conditions at the time the photographs are taken.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the parent ‘Bing’ tree, showing the mutated branch;
FIG. 2 is a close-up photograph of the fruit of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree in various aspects;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the flowers of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree;
FIG. 4 is a photo of a vegetative shoot of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree, showing upper and lower leaf surfaces; and
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the fruit of the ‘Brown’ cherry tree with Staccato™ ‘13S2009’ (U.S. Patent applied for) (shown as “135 2009”).
The following is a detailed botanical description of the new variety of cherry tree, based on observations made on the ten year old original branch mutation of an eighteen year old ‘Bing’ cherry tree located in a commercial orchard on Stemilt Hill, five miles west of Wenatchee, Wash., U.S.A. Color terminology (hue/value/chroma) is in accordance with the Munsell Book of Color, MacBeth Division, Kollmorgen Instruments Corp., 405 Little Britain Road, New Windsor, N.Y. 12553.
Scientific name: Prunus avium L., ‘Brown’ cultivar.
Parentage: Limb mutation of Prunus avium L., ‘Bing’.
Tree:
Size.—Large, width 3.5 m, height 5.0 m, identical to ‘Bing’.
Vigor.—Vigorous, annual growth approximately 45 cm.
Branching habit.—Upright, spreading.
Density.—Average for sweet cherry.
Hardiness.—Apparently hardy where tested (north central Washington state, USDA zone 5; identical to ‘Bing’).
Productivity.—Good, similar to ‘Bing’, approximately 150 lbs fruit per tree during 2003 growing season.
Bearing habit.—Annual, consistent.
Shape.—Pruned for commercial production, steep leader training, moderate to heavy pruning to produce large fruit.
Trunk:
Size.—25 cm in diameter at 30 cm from soil line.
Bark texture.—Typical sweet cherry: smooth, with vertical striations and horizontal lenticels.
Bark color.—Reddish brown (7.5 R 2/4).
Lenticels.—Elongated, 0.5×3 cm, about 2 cm apart vertically.
Branches:
Size.—Original ‘Bing’ tree, 20 cm diameter at 30 cm from crotch; mutated ‘Brown’ branch, 12.5 cm in diameter at 30 cm from point of origin.
Texture.—Typical of sweet cherry, smooth with vertical striations and horizontal lenticels.
Habit.—Upright to spreading.
Color.—Reddish brown (7.5 R 2/4).
Current season shoot:—0.5 cm×50 cm (length), smooth surface; Greenish brown (2.5 Y 4/4); lenticels sparse, approximately 1 per square cm, 0.5 mm in diameter, Light tan (2.5 Y 6/4).
Leaves: (Measurements are average of 10 mature leaves from upright shoots of the current season's growth).
Size.—Large, 15.8 cm long, 6.7 cm wide.
Sheen.—Glossy.
Form.—Lanceolate with acuminate tip.
Petiole.—3.0 to 3.5 cm long; 3 mm thick at base, brownish green (5 Y 5/8) along petiole groove; Olive green (2.5 GY 6/4) along lower surface.
Margin.—Somewhat irregularly serrate (teeth vary in length).
Midvein.—Medium, 2 mm thick at base; Olive green (2.5 GY 7/6), tapering to apex.
Tip.—Acuminate.
Base.—Oblate.
Glands.—Two in number, positioned alternatively; prominent, reniform in shape, dark purple in color (7.5 R 9/2); positioned on rim of petiole groove about 2 to 3.5 cm from base of leaf petiole.
Stipules.—Lacking.
Color.—Upwardly disposed surface, dark green (10 GY 3/6); downwardly disposed surface, medium green (7.5 GY 5/4).
Texture.—Smooth, with slight depression along veins.
Flower buds:
Hardiness.—Hardy.
Size.—Medium (2 mm diameter).
Length.—Medium (5 mm).
Form.—Long, conic.
Color.—White (partially open buds).
Quantity.—One to 5, average quantity 2 per node.
Flowers: Self-sterile. First bloom April 24 at Wenatchee Heights; Full bloom April 27, same as ‘Bing’.
Size.—Medium-large, 30 to 35 mm in diameter when fully open.
Color.—White.
Bloom count.—Generally 3 per bud (same as ‘Bing’), 5 to 8 buds per spur cluster.
Petals.—Quantity 5 per flower; average length 15 mm, width 12.5 mm, cupped slightly inward; apex round; base acute; margin smooth, non serrated; upper and lower surfaces white in color.
Anthers.—Large, yellow (5 Y 8.5/4).
Pollen.—Abundant, yellow (5 Y 8.5/12).
Stamens.—Filament length 10 mm.
Pistils.—One per flower.
Pedicel.—Medium length, 20 mm, diameter 1 mm; Green 5GY 5/6.
Peduncle.—Length 3 mm; diameter 4 mm; Brown 10YR 4/6.
Bloom fragrance.—Slight to none.
Showiness.—Medium, typical of most cherry flowers.
Fruit:
Maturity when described.—Eating ripe (19 to 21 degrees Brix) Aug. 5, 2002, at Wenatchee Heights, Wash.
Date of first picking.—Aug. 5, 2002.
Date of last picking.—Aug. 15, 2002.
Size.—Large, 29.76 to 31.35 mm (8½ to 9 row) transverse diameter; 23 to 25 mm apical diameter.
Form.—Uniform, symmetrical, mostly round to slightly reniform.
Quantity.—2 to 3 per cluster.
Suture.—Slightly raised and of darker color than the rest of the skin.
Stem cavity.—Medium to shallow, maximum depth 2 mm; breadth 10 mm shoulder to shoulder; characteristically lighter in color at base of stem (see ‘skin’).
Base.—Rounded.
Apex.—Rounded pistil point slightly indented.
Stem.—Rather thin, diameter 1.5 mm; length 29 mm; Green 5GY 5/6; closely adhering to flesh; susceptibility to cracking not known since rain is rare during this late season.
Skin color.—Deep purple (2.5 R 2/4) except around base of stem, where it is bright red (7.5 R 3/12). This is a unique feature of this variety, unlike its parent, ‘Bing’, or ‘Staccato’, a similar cherry ripening in the same season.
Flesh color.—Deep purplish red (5 R 3/4).
Flesh texture.—Extremely firm, firmer than ‘Bing’ or ‘Staccato’. Firmness as measured by a Firmtech instrument on fully ripe fruit (±20 degrees Brix) averaged over 400 g/mm. ‘Bing’ picked at a similar maturity averages about 255 g/mm.
Fibers.—Few.
Ripening uniformity.—Moderately even (single harvest).
Flavor.—Sweet, low acid, milder than ‘Staccato’ and ‘Bing’.
Juice.—Dark, similar to flesh in color (5 R 3/4).
Aroma.—Very slight.
Eating quality.—Very good.
Stone:
Stone type.—Flesh clings to pit, similar to ‘Bing’ and most other cherry varieties.
Size.—Medium, 11 mm long, 9 mm wide, 8 mm thick.
Form.—Oval, rounded, very smooth; helium small, apex round.
Sides.—Equal.
Surface.—Very smooth.
Ventral edge.—Wide, with slight wings on ridges converging basically and apically.
Dorsal edge.—Smooth, with narrow ridge from base to apex.
Color.—Light tan (10 YR 8/4) when dry.
Tendency to split.—None.
Keeping quality: Excellent, at least 30 days in refrigerated storage.
Resistance to insects and diseases: Similar to that of ‘Bing’ and other sweet cherries. No special resistances observed.
Shipping quality: Excellent, due to its extreme firmness.
Variance in botanical details: The cherry tree and its fruit as described herein will vary due to climate and growing conditions. The present description refers to its characteristics as grown at Wenatchee Heights, near Wenatchee, Wash. Comparisons are with ‘Bing’ and ‘Staccato’ grown at the same location and with which the new variety is most likely to be compared.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of cherry tree as described and illustrated herein, characterized by its maturity 22 to 24 days later than ‘Bing’ and by a lighter-colored circle around the base of the stem, unlike its parent ‘Bing’, or the late-maturing variety ‘Staccato’ with which it matures.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/734,000 USPP15386P2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-11 | Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43513102P | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | |
US10/734,000 USPP15386P2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-11 | Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USPP15386P2 true USPP15386P2 (en) | 2004-11-30 |
Family
ID=33456553
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/734,000 Expired - Lifetime USPP15386P2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-11 | Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USPP15386P2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP20500P2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-11-24 | Russell Riker | Cherry tree named ‘RR2a’ |
USPP21200P2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2010-08-17 | Tom Shiflett | Cherry tree, named ‘SR 500’ |
-
2003
- 2003-12-11 US US10/734,000 patent/USPP15386P2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP20500P2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2009-11-24 | Russell Riker | Cherry tree named ‘RR2a’ |
USPP21200P2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2010-08-17 | Tom Shiflett | Cherry tree, named ‘SR 500’ |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
USPP20294P2 (en) | Peach tree named ‘Flordabest’ | |
USPP15386P2 (en) | Sweet cherry tree named ‘Brown’ | |
USPP28596P3 (en) | Plum tree named ‘PLUMSWEET XIX’ | |
US20110119797P1 (en) | Peach tree, 'Burpeachtwentythree' | |
USPP14764P2 (en) | Peach tree named ‘UFSun’ | |
USPP34181P2 (en) | Cherry tree named ‘Jonred V’ | |
USPP33306P2 (en) | Cherry tree named ‘Jonred IV’ | |
USPP21837P2 (en) | Peach tree named ‘UFGlo’ | |
USPP13951P2 (en) | Cherry tree named ‘Doty’ | |
USPP6544P (en) | Nectarine tree, "Summer Lion -- Two" | |
USPP9173P (en) | Apricot tree--Earli Sun cultivar | |
USPP21138P3 (en) | Apricot tree named ‘ASFCOT0404’ | |
USPP19630P3 (en) | Plum tree named ‘Queen Garnet’ | |
USPP28773P3 (en) | Russetted Bartlett pear tree | |
USPP14784P2 (en) | Peach tree named ‘UFBeauty’ | |
USPP12019P2 (en) | ‘UF2000’ peach tree | |
US20130276179P1 (en) | Peach tree named 'UFBest' | |
USPP9099P (en) | Nectarine tree--Crystal Red | |
USPP6230P (en) | Peach tree | |
USPP22693P2 (en) | Sweet cherry tree named ‘Goodwin’ | |
USPP28504P3 (en) | Plum tree named ‘Plumsweet XVII’ | |
US20090235402P1 (en) | Apricot tree named "ASFCOT0409" | |
USPP7023P (en) | Peach tree, Fancy Lady | |
US20180213691P1 (en) | Prunus rootstock 'WRM-2' | |
USPP26176P3 (en) | Apricot tree named ‘Suaprithirteen’ |