USPP14248P2 - Nectarine tree named ‘Early Pearl’ - Google Patents
Nectarine tree named ‘Early Pearl’ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP14248P2 USPP14248P2 US10/299,083 US29908302V USPP14248P2 US PP14248 P2 USPP14248 P2 US PP14248P2 US 29908302 V US29908302 V US 29908302V US PP14248 P2 USPP14248 P2 US PP14248P2
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- nectarine
- color
- pearl
- white
- variety
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 244000017714 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011446 Amygdalus persica Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-JHSLDZJXSA-N (R)-amygdalin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H](C#N)C=2C=CC=CC=2)O1 XUCIJNAGGSZNQT-JHSLDZJXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940089837 amygdalin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YZLOSXFCSIDECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N amygdalin Natural products OCC1OC(OCC2OC(O)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1OC(C#N)c3ccccc3 YZLOSXFCSIDECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YGHHWSRCTPQFFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N eucalyptosin A Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(OC(C#N)C=2C=CC=CC=2)OC(CO)C(O)C1O YGHHWSRCTPQFFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016311 Freckling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000132456 Haplocarpha Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000011842 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036039 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds
- A01H6/7454—Nectarines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- Botanical classification Prunus persica.
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of nectarine tree, which has been denominated varietally as ‘EARLY PEARL’.
- the present variety was hybridized by me in 1997, grown as a seedling on its own root in my greenhouse, and transplanted to a cultivated area of my experimental orchard at Bradford Farms near Le Grand, Calif. in Merced County (San Joaquin Valley).
- the variety was developed as a first generation cross using ‘July Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No.
- the present variety is similar to its selected seed parent, ‘July Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 10,293) nectarine, by producing nectarines that are globose in shape, fairly firm in texture, mostly red in skin color, and white in flesh color, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by producing fruit that matures about six weeks earlier.
- the present variety is most similar to ‘June Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,360) nectarine by producing nectarines that are white in flesh color, nearly full red in skin color, and sweet subacid in flavor, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by having leaves with globose instead of reniform glands and by producing fruit that matures about sixteen days earlier and is globose instead of oblong in shape.
- the accompanying photograph exhibits four whole fruits positioned to display the characteristics of the skin color and form, one fruit divided along the suture plane to reveal the flesh and stone, and typical leaves.
- Vigor Vigorous, responding typically to irrigation and fertilization. The variety grows about 3′ [0.91 m.] of surplus top-growth during the spring and summer. The plant should be grown on a standard commercial rootstock for production purposes.
- Heat tolerance Observed to perform adequately in typical central California climatic conditions, which typically include extended periods of heat.
- Drought tolerance Variety is developed for commercial orchards and requires regular irrigation.
- Diameter of limb is 15 ⁇ 8′′ [41 mm.] measured 12′′ above the secondary fork, typical of Prunus persica, and dependent upon cultural practices and climatic conditions.
- Base. Acute, with an average base angle of 110 degrees.
- Hardiness Hardy, with respect to central California winters.
- Length. Typically 1 ⁇ 2′′ [12.7 mm.] 1 week before bloom.
- Average flower diameter. 17 ⁇ 8′′ [47.6 mm.].
- Number of petals. Usually five, with about 20 percent double blossoms.
- Average petal diameter. ⁇ fraction (11/16) ⁇ ′′ [17.5 mm.].
- Anther color Deep reddish orange [36. deep rO].
- Average pistil length. ⁇ fraction (13/16) ⁇ ′′ [20.6 mm.].
- Average diameter across suture plane. 25 ⁇ 8′′ [66.7 mm.].
- Form Uniform, symmetrical, globose.
- Ventral surface Rounded, lipped toward the apex.
- Cavity Flaring, circular, suture showing on one side, Yellowish white [92. yWhite] stem markings typical.
- Pistil point Oblique, negligible in length, depressed within the suture.
- Astringency Nonastringent.
- Flavor. Subacid and sweet, averaging 14 brix.
- Apex Acute, with an average tip length of 1 ⁇ 8′′ [3.2 mm.].
- Average pit wall thickness 1 ⁇ 4′′ [6.4 mm.].
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a nectarine tree, Prunus persica, and more particularly to a new and distinct variety broadly characterized by a large size, vigorous, hardy, self-fertile, productive and regular bearing tree. The fruit matures under the ecological conditions described approximately the last week in May, with first picking on May 27, 2002. The fruit is uniformly medium in size, very good in flavor, globose in shape, clingstone in type, moderately firm in texture, white in flesh color, and red in skin color. The variety was developed as a first generation cross using ‘July Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 10,293) white flesh nectarine as the selected seed parent and an unnamed nectarine as the selected pollen parent.
Description
Botanical classification: Prunus persica.
In a continuing effort to improve the quality of shipping fruits, I, the inventor, typically hybridize a large number of peach, nectarine, plum, apricot, and cherry seedlings each year. The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of nectarine tree, which has been denominated varietally as ‘EARLY PEARL’. The present variety was hybridized by me in 1997, grown as a seedling on its own root in my greenhouse, and transplanted to a cultivated area of my experimental orchard at Bradford Farms near Le Grand, Calif. in Merced County (San Joaquin Valley). The variety was developed as a first generation cross using ‘July Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 10,293) white flesh nectarine as the selected seed parent and an unnamed nectarine as the selected pollen parent. Subsequent to origination of the present variety of nectarine tree, I asexually reproduced it by budding and grafting in the experimental orchard described above, and such reproduction of plant and fruit characteristics were true to the original plant in all respects. The reproduction of the variety included the use of ‘Nemaguard’ rootstock (unpatented) upon which the present variety was compatible and true to type.
The present variety is similar to its selected seed parent, ‘July Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 10,293) nectarine, by producing nectarines that are globose in shape, fairly firm in texture, mostly red in skin color, and white in flesh color, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by producing fruit that matures about six weeks earlier.
The present variety is most similar to ‘June Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,360) nectarine by producing nectarines that are white in flesh color, nearly full red in skin color, and sweet subacid in flavor, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by having leaves with globose instead of reniform glands and by producing fruit that matures about sixteen days earlier and is globose instead of oblong in shape.
The accompanying photograph exhibits four whole fruits positioned to display the characteristics of the skin color and form, one fruit divided along the suture plane to reveal the flesh and stone, and typical leaves.
Referring now more specifically to the pomological characteristics of this new and distinct variety of nectarine tree, the following has been observed under the ecological conditions prevailing near Le Grand, Merced County (San Joaquin Valley), Calif., and was developed at the state of firm ripe on Jun. 1, 2002, on the original tree during its fifth growing season. All major color code designations are by reference to the Inter-Society Color Council, National Bureau of Standards. Common color names are also used occasionally.
Size: Large, reaching a height of 12′ [3.66 m.] and a spread of 8′ [2.44 m.] after five growing seasons utilizing typical dormant pruning.
Vigor: Vigorous, responding typically to irrigation and fertilization. The variety grows about 3′ [0.91 m.] of surplus top-growth during the spring and summer. The plant should be grown on a standard commercial rootstock for production purposes.
Growth: Upright and dense.
Form: Vase formed.
Hardiness: Hardy with respect to central California winters.
Heat tolerance: Observed to perform adequately in typical central California climatic conditions, which typically include extended periods of heat.
Drought tolerance: Variety is developed for commercial orchards and requires regular irrigation.
Production: Productive, thinning necessary.
Fertility: Self-fertile.
Bearing: Regular bearer with no alternate bearing yet observed.
Trunk:
Size.—Medium, with a maximum diameter of 3⅝″ [92 mm.] after the fifth growing season.
Texture.—Shaggy.
Bark color.—Dark grayish yellowish brown [81. d.gy.yBr].
Lenticels.—Approximate Number Per Square Inch: 12. Color: Brownish orange [54. brO]. Typical Size: {fraction (3/16)}″ to ⅜″ [4.8-9.5 mm.].
Branches:
Size.—Diameter of limb is 1⅝″ [41 mm.] measured 12″ above the secondary fork, typical of Prunus persica, and dependent upon cultural practices and climatic conditions.
Texture.—Smooth on 1st year wood, increasing roughness with age.
Color.—1st Year Wood Topside: Grayish red [19. gy.R]. 1st Year Wood Underside: Brilliant yellow green [116. brill.YG]. Older Wood: Deep yellowish brown [75. deep yBr].
Lenticels.—Approximate Number Per Square Inch: 60. Color: Light orange yellow [70. l.OY]. Typical size: {fraction (1/16)}″ to {fraction (3/16)}″ [1.6-4.8 mm.].
Leaves:
Size.—Medium. Average Length: 5¼″ [133 mm.]. Average width: 1½″ [38 mm.].
Arrangement.—Alternate.
Thickness.—Medium.
Form.—Elliptical.
Apex.—Acuminate.
Base.—Acute, with an average base angle of 110 degrees.
Surface.—Smooth.
Color.—Dorsal Surface: Dark yellowish green [137. d.yG]. Ventral Surface: Moderate olive green [125. m.OlG].
Margin.—Finely serrate.
Venation.—Pinnately net veined.
Petiole.—Average Length: {fraction (7/16)}″ [11.1 mm.]. Average Thickness: {fraction (1/16)}″ [1.6 mm.]. Color: Light yellow green [119. l.YG].
Stipules.—Number: 2 per leaf, up to 6 per growing tip. Average Length: ¼″ [6.4 mm.]. Color: Light yellow green [119. l.YG] when growing.
Glands.—Number: 1 to 4, usually 2. Position: Usually alternate, positioned on both the petiole and base of blade. Size: Small. Form: Globose. Color: Light yellow green [119. l.YG] on younger leaves acquiring Dark red [16. d.R] centers with age.
Leaf buds.—Conic.
Flower buds:
Hardiness.—Hardy, with respect to central California winters.
Diameter.—Typically {fraction (5/16)}″ [7.9 mm.] 1 week before bloom.
Length.—Typically ½″ [12.7 mm.] 1 week before bloom.
Form.—Not appressed.
Surface.—Pubescent.
Color.—Moderate purplish red [258. m.pR].
Flowers: Perfect, complete, perigynous, usually a single pistil, typically thirty or more stamens, five sepals and petal locations alternately positioned.
Type.—Showy, large.
Average flower diameter.—1⅞″ [47.6 mm.].
Number of petals.—Usually five, with about 20 percent double blossoms.
Petal shape.—Circular.
Petal margin.—Slightly wavy.
Average petal diameter.—{fraction (11/16)}″ [17.5 mm.].
Average petal length.—⅞″ [22.2 mm.].
Petal apex.—Rounded.
Petal base.—Rounded.
Petal color.—Pale purplish pink [252. p.pPk].
Anther color.—Deep reddish orange [36. deep rO].
Stigma color.—Light greenish yellow [101. l.gY].
Sepal color.—Grayish purplish red [262. gy.pR].
Sepal length.—¼″ [6 mm.].
Sepal width.—{fraction (3/16)}″ [5 mm.].
Average pistil length.—{fraction (13/16)}″ [20.6 mm.].
Average stamen length.—¾″ [19.1 mm.].
Fragrance.—Moderate when nectar is present.
Blooming period.—Medium compared with other varieties.
Onset of bloom.—One percent on Mar. 4, 2002.
Date of full bloom.—Mar. 11, 2002.
Duration of bloom.—One to two weeks, dependent on ambient temperature.
Number per cluster.—1 to 3 with single flowers most common.
Maturity when described: Firm ripe, Jun. 1, 2002.
Date of first picking: May 27, 2002.
Date of last picking: Jun. 7, 2002.
Size: Uniform, medium.
Average diameter axially.—2⅝″ [66.7 mm.].
Average diameter across suture plane.—2⅝″ [66.7 mm.].
Typical weight.—5.3 ounces [150 grams].
Form: Uniform, symmetrical, globose.
Longitudinal section form.—Circular.
Transverse section through diameter.—Circular.
Suture: An inconspicuous line near the base becoming a shallow groove toward the apex, and ending with a marked depression just beyond the pistil point.
Ventral surface: Rounded, lipped toward the apex.
Lips: Slightly unequal.
Cavity: Flaring, circular, suture showing on one side, Yellowish white [92. yWhite] stem markings typical.
Depth.—½″ [12.7 mm.].
Breadth.—⅞″ [22.2 mm.].
Base: Somewhat truncate.
Apex: Rounded.
Pistil point: Oblique, negligible in length, depressed within the suture.
Stem: Medium.
Average length.—{fraction (5/16)}″ [7.9 mm.].
Average width.—{fraction (3/16)}″ [4.8 mm.].
Skin:
Thickness.—Medium.
Surface.—Smooth.
Tenacity.—Tenacious to flesh.
Astringency.—Nonastringent.
Tendency to crack.—Slight in wet season.
Color.—Very dark red [17. v.d.R] over a Strong red [12. s.R] background with slight Light orange yellow [70. l.OY] freckling toward the apex.
Flesh:
Color.—White [263. White] with a slight amount of Moderate red [15. m.R] flecking throughout.
Surface of pit cavity.—Yellowish white [92. yWhite] fibers breaking when twisted from the stone.
Amygdalin.—Scarce.
Juice.—Abundant, rich.
Texture.—Moderately firm, crisp.
Fibers.—Abundant, fine.
Ripens.—Slightly earlier toward the apex.
Flavor.—Subacid and sweet, averaging 14 brix.
Aroma.—Slight.
Eating quality.—Very good.
Type: Clingstone.
Form: Oval.
Hilum: Narrow.
Base: Straight.
Apex: Acute, with an average tip length of ⅛″ [3.2 mm.].
Sides: Equal.
Surface: Irregularly furrowed near the apex and pitted toward the base.
Ridges: Jagged toward the base.
Color: Light yellowish brown [76. l.yBr].
Average pit wall thickness: ¼″ [6.4 mm.].
Average width: 1″ [25.4 mm.].
Average length: 1⅜″ [34.9 mm.].
Average breadth: ¾″ [19.1 mm.].
Tendency to split: Slight.
Kernel:
Form.—Oval.
Pellicle color.—Grayish yellow [90. gy.Y].
Skin color.—Pale yellow [89. p.Y] when freshly removed.
Vein color.—Brilliant orange yellow [67. brill.OY].
Taste.—Very bitter.
Viable.—Yes, but only by utilizing embryo rescue techniques.
Average width.—½″ [12.7 mm.].
Average length.—{fraction (11/16)}″ [17.5 mm.].
Amygdalin.—Abundant.
Market: Fresh market and long distance shipping.
Keeping quality: Good. Fruit quality observed to remain in good condition in after 17 days in standard cold room at 36° Fahrenheit [2° Celsius].
Shipping quality: Good.
Resistance to insects: No unusual susceptibilities noted.
Resistance to diseases: No unusual susceptibilities noted.
Although the new variety of nectarine tree possesses the described characteristics under the ecological conditions at Le Grand, Calif., in the central part of the San Joaquin Valley, it is to be expected that variations in these characteristics may occur when farmed in areas with different climatic conditions, different soil types, and/or varying cultural practices.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of nectarine tree, substantially as illustrated and described, that is most similar to ‘June Pearl’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 9,360) nectarine by producing nectarines that are white in flesh color, nearly full red in skin color, and sweet subacid in flavor, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by having leaves with globose instead of reniform glands and by producing fruit that matures about sixteen days earlier and is globose instead of oblong in shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/299,083 USPP14248P2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2002-11-19 | Nectarine tree named ‘Early Pearl’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/299,083 USPP14248P2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2002-11-19 | Nectarine tree named ‘Early Pearl’ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP14248P2 true USPP14248P2 (en) | 2003-10-21 |
Family
ID=28791794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/299,083 Expired - Lifetime USPP14248P2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2002-11-19 | Nectarine tree named ‘Early Pearl’ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP14248P2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050138700P1 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2005-06-23 | Bradford Lowell G. | Nectarine tree named 'spring pearl' |
| USPP17254P2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-05 | Lowell Glen Bradford | Nectarine tree named ‘MAY PEARL’ |
| US20070143885P1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-21 | Bradford Lowell G | Nectarine tree named 'dragon pearl' |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9360P (en) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-11-07 | Bradford; Lowell G. | Nectarine tree `June Pearl` |
| USPP10293P (en) | 1996-12-16 | 1998-03-24 | Bradford; Lowell Glen | Nectarine tree `July Pearl` |
-
2002
- 2002-11-19 US US10/299,083 patent/USPP14248P2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9360P (en) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-11-07 | Bradford; Lowell G. | Nectarine tree `June Pearl` |
| USPP10293P (en) | 1996-12-16 | 1998-03-24 | Bradford; Lowell Glen | Nectarine tree `July Pearl` |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050138700P1 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2005-06-23 | Bradford Lowell G. | Nectarine tree named 'spring pearl' |
| USPP16034P3 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2005-10-11 | Lowell Glen Bradford | Nectarine tree named ‘Spring Pearl’ |
| USPP17254P2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-05 | Lowell Glen Bradford | Nectarine tree named ‘MAY PEARL’ |
| US20070143885P1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-21 | Bradford Lowell G | Nectarine tree named 'dragon pearl' |
| USPP17825P2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-26 | Lowell Glen Bradford | Nectarine tree named ‘MAY PEARL II’ |
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