USPP1003P - Rose plant - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 1951 J. D. BROWNELL ROSE PLANT Filed Feb. 23, 1949 Plant Pat. 1,003

IN VENTOR.

Patented Feb. 13, 1951 UNITED Plant Pat. 1,003

STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim. 1

My invention relates to roses and especially to a new, original and distinct variety of the class known commercially as hybrid teas and is a variant in that class, being a Rosa wzc'huraiana hybrid tea hybrid, produced by me and under my direction in the breeding grounds of my research gardens in Little Compton, Rhode Island, by cross pollenation, which can be and has been asexually reproduced.

My new rose is new as to the following characteristics and especially as to their joint assoelation with the characteristics inherited from Rosa wichuraiana, of hardiness, or immunity from serious injury on account of cold temperatures prevailing in certain parts of the northern United States:

The red to pink shades (ordinary dictionary definition) of its petals, in combination with the unique brilliance thereof and their tendency to hold these colors under exposure;

The novelty and variation within certain definite limits of the form of the bloom, its character of holding that form for a long time, and the petallage of the flowers;

Its character of fragrance;

Its unusual abundance of flowers, notably after early bloom time and until frost;

The intensity of its remontant and everblooming or reblooming character;

Its character of ascending in height by recurrent branching and progressively longer stems from the base in some instances long enough to be classified as canes;

The character of producing many seven leafieted leaves; which character seldom has obtained on hybrid teas not having Rosa wz'churaiana ancestry, but frequently obtains on flower stems of descendants of Rosa wic'haraz'ana' of the dwarf reblooming type;

And especially its characteristic of partial freedom from premature defoliation by black-spot, under certain definite conditions of exposure, without any cultural control.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification I have shown my new rose in its natural colors, that is, as near as is possible to do so artificially.

My new rose is otherwise described as follows:

Essential information Type: Hybrid tea, Rosa wz'charaiana hybrid,

dwarf to ascending to tall to climber, for garden display, cut flower and forcing or growing under glass. Class: Hybrid tea crossed with Rosa wz'oharaiana, further restricted by originator to include only those varieties that can survive moderately low sub-zero temperatures.

Breeding: This variety was produced and bred by me and under my direction by propagation and cross pollenation.

It came into being as a seedling grown from a seed borne on a plant of Pink Princess (Plant Patent 459), and the pollen parent was Crimson Glory (Plant Patent The pollenation that fertilized the seed that grew into my new rose, as well as the pollenation that produced its seed parent were directed by me and were performed by emasculating flowers and placing thereon a bag protecting from self and foreign pollen. These bags were later removed and the flowers were hand pollenated with a carnels hair brush and the bags immediately replaced. The date of this pollenation was July 2, 1944. The seed. was planted under my direction on December 11, 1944, and the date of the first flower was July 28, 1945.

The plant and flower seemed to me to be of unusual merit and I have since made and directed extensive propagations and tests thereof.

Plants of this variety budded from this seedling on to Rosa maltiflora root stock, have after being exposed to moderate sub-zero temperatures, survived and bloomed normally the following season in the hybrid tea manner. The variety has been propagated by budding at Little Compton, Rhode Island, in the months of July and August in 1945-8 inclusive and the characters have successively reproduced, true to the original seedling.

Flower Habit: It blooms out of doors in Little Compton,

beginning about three days prior to the average beginning time of commercial hybrid teas and continues relative to growth of the plant until frost.

Flowers borne: Often one and frequently two or three and occasionally more on each stern, in the usual hybrid tea type of cluster. The pedicels and peduncles are medium in diameter and medium in length, erect, stilf, almost smooth, free from large prickles and bristles but with a few very small prickles varying to small hairs. Stems are long, diameter medium to large and notably stiff and rigid.

Quantity of bloom: Free, being cumulative in quantity from year to year as the plant increases in size, flowering through the summer.

This and other dates herein are approximate.

Fragrance: Distinctive, pleasing China tea in combination with that of Rosa wz'churaiana, under favorable environment.

Bud: Neck normal as described, opens well, be-

ing little to not at all affected by hot or wet weather or both, as to color and form, except at very high temperatures the color is less intense and the form of the petals is less recurled.

Before the calyx breaks the size is medium, form moderately pointed, frequently with one or more sepals having foliaceous parts extending beyond the apex of the calyx up to about three quarters of an inch, the number and size of the foliaceous parts being variable and frequently having one or more narrow, pointed, serrate appendages on each side of the sepals, otherwise the sepals are usually normal and regular, tapering to lanceolate at their apex, turning back nearly perpendicular to the pedicel as the bud opens.

Color of the loud as the calyx opens; Ox Blood Red (Plate No. 25, Kosters Color Guide) both sides of petals.

Bloom: As the bud opens and the flower develops to maturity the outside of petals is Blood Red (Plate No. 24. Kosters Color Guide). The inside of the petals is Currant Red No. 821/3, British Horticultural Color Chart.

Both sides under exposure to light gradually soften to Carmine 21/1 and later to 21 /2 (same reference as last) the inner side shows this change somewhat earlier than the outer side.

The flower is usually 4 to 5 inches in diameter when fully open, infrequently more or less, petals average around 35, frequently some smaller petals and petaloids in the center, variable in number.

The flower opens high centered, formal, recurled, not usually showing stamens and pistils. The two or three outer rows of petals are variable from obovate to ovate and usually recurled, the two or three inner petals are narrower and frequently slightly bent inward upon a vertical center axis. Texture is medium to thick and leathery; both sides brilliant; with slight veining which is not prominent. The time of opening in favorable conditions is two to four days.

The petals are substantial and after about five to six days drop off cleanly, except that occasionally one or two inner petals or petaloids cling to turn dull, to fall later. The flower does not ba l in wet weather. The flower lasts well, is not affected at any stage by moderate cold or hot temperatures, or by humidity or wet weather.

Reproductive organs:

Stamens, quantity variable, of normal and slightly uneven length.

Anthers, nearly Grenadine Pink, reference to Ridgway.

Filaments, nearly Mustard Yellow (same ref erence as last).

Pistzls are several of slightly uneven length,

averaging around one-half inch long.

Ovaries are usually all inclosed.

Hips frequently develop to ovoid to globular, color comparable with under side of leaves with variable colored overlay on the side exposed to the sun, moderately smooth; walls, thin, fleshy, medium in size.

Sepals are persistent and break off easily.

4 Plant Foliage: Is abundant, of compound leaves of I with apex moderately acute, base rounded frequently slightly acute. In some instances with the circumference on one side of the petiolule out of alignment with the other side by about one-sixteenth of an inch or less, margins with pointed serrations, petiolules short.

Color of leaflets on the upper surface is slightly variable from Spinach Green No. 0960/3 to Willow Green No. 000862/1. Under certain midsummer environment the color is slightly blueish (ordinary dictionary definition).

The under side of the leaflets is nearly Willow Green varying from No. 000862/1 to No. 000862/2.

The rachises are medium, moderately narrow to slender, upper side smooth except some very short hairs on edges. Under side moderately smooth, usually 3 to 5 short prickles.

Stipules are medium to long, averaging about three-quarters of an inch long, with sharp points, the upper edges of which normally form an angle of about 80 degrees.

Growth: Habit, dwarf, becoming bushy to tall;

upright, compact, more cumulative in growth from year to year than the normal hybrid tea rose plant, by stems from the base and by rebranching and growth and enlargement and extension of the stems from the base. The growth is moderately free at first, developing more rapidly after one or two years under favorable vegetative opportunity.

Color of mature stems is the same as that Winter resistance: A notable characteristic of this new rose is its resistance to moderate subzero temperatures in combination with its hybrid tea character and its Rosa wzcharaiana ancestry. This variety with grafted bud and plant thereabove entirely exposed above ground to moderate sub-zero temperatures survived and bloomed normally the following season. The word temperature herein refers to the Fahrenheit scale,

Comparisons: As compared with Plant Patent 841, my new rose averages lighter in color, many less petals, the foliage is lighter in color, the prickles are less in number, and the branching habit is more spreading.

As compared with Crimson Glory the color of my new rose is a lighter red. The color of the foliage is a lighter green, the fragrance is more nearly China tea in combination with that of Wichuraiana.

1 Color references in this and the preceding paragraph are to British Horticultural Color Chart.

As compared with Plant Patent 846, my new rose has a different fragrance and a darker color. Also, the terminal edges of the petals of my new rose are more irregular, scalloped and indented, and the average recurl in the early opening bloom and thereafter is more intense.

A normal habit of cluster branching of a hybrid tea is to produce several blooms near the terminal end of a stem that open consecutively; this is true of Plant Patent 846. My new rose variety when well grown produces some stems from the base about 4 feet long with terminal 4-5 or 6 flower branches each with a terminal flower opening at substantially the same time with blooms of 50 or more petals measuring 5 inches or more across.

The bud of my new rose when ready to open is larger and has greater width than that of Plant Patent 846.

The hips or my new rose when mature are of a more yellow color (ordinary dictionary definition) and mature about two weeks earlier than those of Plant Patent 846; the seeds average more (up to 36 in a hip) and the variety is more receptive to pollens.

I claim:

The new rose plant variety substantially as shown and described, characterized by its new and distinct characters.

J OSEPHINE D. BROWNELL.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Brownell June 7, 1949 Number Pl. Pt. 846

Images