USH1858H - Radio frequency sensed, switched reverse path tap - Google Patents
Radio frequency sensed, switched reverse path tap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USH1858H USH1858H US09/105,407 US10540798A USH1858H US H1858 H USH1858 H US H1858H US 10540798 A US10540798 A US 10540798A US H1858 H USH1858 H US H1858H
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tap
- signals
- reverse path
- remote receiver
- receiver locations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6168—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/10—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
- H04N7/102—Circuits therefor, e.g. noise reducers, equalisers, amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
- H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to bidirectional cable television (“CATV”) transmission and distribution systems and, more particularly, to a radio frequency (“RF”) sensed switch at a tap for minimizing reverse noise ingress by terminating reverse paths that have no signal traffic.
- CATV bidirectional cable television
- RF radio frequency
- FIG. 1 illustrates a bidirectional CATV transmission and distribution system 100 in accordance with the prior art.
- the CATV system 100 includes a headend 110, a trunk 120, and distribution lines 130 and 132.
- An amplifier 160 is provided for amplifying downstream signal 170 and upstream signals 180 and 182.
- Distribution line 130 connects subscriber drops 140 and 142
- distribution line 132 connects subscriber drops 144 and 146.
- Subscriber drops 140, 142, 144, and 146 connect subscriber station equipment 150, 152, 154, and 156, e.g., TV sets, respectively.
- the station equipment 150, 152, 154, and 156 in the prior art includes upstream signal generation means as described in Canadian Patent No. 1,177,558 to Dufresne et al. (hereinafter the '558 patent).
- at least one bidirectional amplifier 160 is usually connected in series with the trunk 120 for amplifying downstream signals 170 and upstream signals 180 and 182.
- a significant amount of noise is passed upstream from the distribution lines, subscriber drops, and station equipment. This noise is typically caused by electronic or RF signals, poor terminal connections, ground currents, power lines and noise carried thereon, etc.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a bidirectional CATV transmission and distribution system 200 in accordance with the teachings of the '840 patent.
- the CATV system 200 includes a headend 210, a trunk 220, and distribution lines 230 and 232.
- Distribution line 230 connects subscriber drops 240 and 242, and distribution line 232 connects subscriber drops 244 and 246.
- Subscriber drops 240, 242, 244, and 246 connect subscriber station equipment 250, 252, 254, and 256, e.g., TV sets, respectively.
- the '840 patent further teaches placing narrowband upstream filters 260 and 262 in the distribution lines 230 and 232, respectively, and/or placing a narrowband upstream filter 264 in the trunk 220 for reducing upstream noise gathering.
- the narrowband upstream filters 260, 262, and 264 sense upstream signal energy and open when the signal energy exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- upstream signals are contained in one or more narrow bands within the low band 310 preferably centered at two frequencies, 11 MHz, as illustrated by reference number 320, and 26 MHz, as illustrated by reference number 330, with a bandwidth of 1 MHz.
- Narrowband upstream filters are located in the distribution lines 230 and 232.
- a result of this technique is that upstream signals outside the narrow bandwidth of the upstream signaling bands are blocked. According to this technique, the likelihood of overloading the upstream amplifiers, e.g., amplifier 270 in FIG. 2, by noise signals is low.
- a disadvantage of this technique is that it attempts to prevent noise from entering the CATV system at the amplifier level (e.g., amplifier 270), where hundreds of subscribers are typically connected for funneling upstream signals.
- the likelihood of an amplifier being switched "on” is very high, i.e., at least one of the many subscribers connected to that amplifier is always transmitting upstream signals at any given time.
- the probability of no one using that amplifier and, thus, turning it "off" is practically zero because someone is always transmitting upstream signals.
- the CATV system in accordance with the prior art is still susceptible to random noise entering the system even when the majority of the subscribers are not transmitting upstream signals, as long as at least one subscriber is transmitting upstream signals.
- the switch placed at the amplifier level if the switch ever fails, then the hundreds of subscribers connected to that amplifier will lose their CATV services.
- the more upstream signals funneling into the amplifier the greater the possibility of false triggering of the amplifier. This is due to the problem of noise compounding from the many subscribers. Accordingly, there is a significant need for an improved apparatus and method for minimizing the problem of reversed noise ingress by terminating reverse paths that have no signal traffic.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a bidirectional CATV transmission and distribution system according to the prior art.
- FIG. 2 illustrates another bidirectional CATV transmission and distribution system according to the prior art.
- FIG. 3 illustrates signal frequencies of the upstream signals in accordance with a technique of the prior art.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a bidirectional CATV transmission and distribution system in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
- the CATV system 400 includes a headend 410, a trunk 412, and a distribution line 414.
- An amplifier 415 is provided on the trunk 412 for amplifying upstream and downstream signals.
- a cable television tap 405 is coupled at its input 416 and its output 418 to the distribution line 414 for tapping off a portion of the radio frequency (RF) signal provided on the distribution line 414.
- the tap 405 includes RF switching means for selectively coupling upstream signals from subscriber equipment through a coupler 420 to the headend 410 via the distribution line 414 and other components, as will be explained in greater detail below.
- the tap 405 includes the coupler 420, which splits off a portion of the RF signal for subscriber equipment 498 and passes a portion of the RF signal at its output 418 for processing by further cable television equipment (not shown).
- the tap 405 also includes a diplex filter 425 for providing highpass filtering for incoming, downstream signals and lowpass filtering for outgoing, upstream filtering.
- the downstream signal is provided in the forward direction from the first diplex filter 425 to a second diplex filter 495 and then to a multiple output splitter 480 for transmitting the split signal to subscriber drops 485.
- Subscriber equipment 498 such as telecommunications equipment, computers, televisions, set top decoders, etc., can be coupled to the subscriber drops 485 to receive the downstream signals and to also transmit upstream signals to the headend 410 via the tap 405.
- an RF sensed switch 430 is provided for selectively forwarding the upstream signal from the subscriber equipment 498 to the headend 410. More specifically, the tap 405 includes a detector 450 that is coupled by a directional coupler 440 to receive upstream signals. When upstream signal energy exceeds a predetermined threshold, a control signal is provided via a control line 460 to direct the RF switch 430 to couple the upstream signal from diplex filter 495 to diplex filter 425.
- the threshold level may be adjusted by adjusting a driver/threshold adjuster circuit 455.
- the RF sensed switch 430 reverts to its "off" position in which upstream signals are not coupled to diplexer 425.
- the tap 405 advantageously minimizes the funneling of noise in the reverse band since all reverse paths not in use are terminated.
- the tap 405 further includes means for powering the RF sensed switch 430.
- This can be done, for example, by including a direct current (DC) power supply 465 for providing a DC voltage, e.g., 24 volts.
- a microprocessor 470 could be coupled to the power supply 465 for powering the switch 430 via a power line 475 or, alternatively, the power supply 465 could be connected directly to a power port of the RF switch 430. It will be appreciated that the microprocessor 470 could also, if desired, perform the operations of both the detector 450 and the driver/threshold adjuster 455, or it could be coupled to either or both of the detector 450 or the driver/threshold adjuster 455.
- the delay line 435 provides time for the RF sensed switch 430 to react to the incoming upstream signal without truncating the first part of the upstream signal.
- the present system detects noise at the tap level by using an RF sensed switch 430 within the tap 405 itself, instead of at the amplifier level 27 as illustrated in FIG. 2 and instead of including switching circuitry outside the tap, which requires separately manufactured, installed, housed, powered, and operated devices.
- the ability to restrict transmission of upstream noise is much greater.
- a tap typically connects four to eight subscribers, which means that the probability that no subscribers will be transmitting upstream is much higher than at the amplifier level, where typically hundreds of subscribers are connected to each amplifier.
- a result and advantage of this technique is that more noise is kept out of the CATV distribution and transmission system, since taps with no reverse traffic are switched "off" and, thus, random noise from subscribers connected at those taps is effectively prevented from entering the CATV system. Furthermore, this is conveniently done without introducing additional parts into the CATV system and in a simple, inexpensive manner that is transparent to the service provider and installer.
- the tap is the first place where noise may enter the CATV system. Therefore, by stopping noise from entering the CATV system at the tap itself, the total amount of noise entering the CATV system is much lower. In contrast, by sensing noise at the amplifier level, noise from hundreds of other subscribers with no reverse traffic may still enter the CATV system if even one of the many subscribers is transmitting upstream signals. Furthermore, use of additional switching circuitry outside the tap can result in the introduction of even more upstream noise into the system.
- An even further advantage of the present invention is that placement of the RF sensed switch within the tap itself and within the same housing means that, if the switch fails for some reason, then only four to eight subscribers, i.e., the subscribers coupled to the drops 485, will lose their CATV services.
- the tap including the RF sensed switch minimizes the problem of reverse noise ingress by terminating reverse paths that have no signal traffic.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/105,407 USH1858H (en) | 1998-06-26 | 1998-06-26 | Radio frequency sensed, switched reverse path tap |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/105,407 USH1858H (en) | 1998-06-26 | 1998-06-26 | Radio frequency sensed, switched reverse path tap |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USH1858H true USH1858H (en) | 2000-09-05 |
Family
ID=22305669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/105,407 Abandoned USH1858H (en) | 1998-06-26 | 1998-06-26 | Radio frequency sensed, switched reverse path tap |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | USH1858H (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6453473B1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2002-09-17 | John C. Watson, Jr. | Access device and system for managing television and data communications through a cable television network |
US20020199202A1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-26 | Hunter David R. | Multiple input data receiver for cable television systems |
US6714598B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2004-03-30 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Burst-mode combining of reverse path radio frequency signals |
US6804828B1 (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2004-10-12 | Masprodenkoh Kabushikikaisha | Tap device of cable broadcasting system |
US20050034167A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-10 | Hillel Weinstein | Wideband CATV tap device |
US20080010488A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Format Converter with Smart Multitap and Upstream Signal Regulator |
US20080010512A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Format Converter with Smart Multitap |
WO2008011270A2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Communication system for video and bidirectional data transmission between a cable head- end and a plurality of subscribers |
US20090260049A1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-15 | Tibor Urbanek | Automatic drop/house return termination system |
US20090320085A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-24 | Jon-En Wang | House amplifier with return path gating |
US20100223651A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2010-09-02 | Jon-En Wang | Amplifier with noise reduction |
US20100251323A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Jackson David H | Upstream bandwidth conditioning device |
US20100244980A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Olson Thomas A | Method and apparatus for a self-terminating signal path |
EP2383993A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-02 | NXP Semiconductors B.V. | Bi-directional device |
WO2012024038A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina | Tap units having reverse path burst mode detection circuits and related methods of identifying reverse path noise sources and reducing reverse path noise funneling |
US8850505B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2014-09-30 | David Zilberberg | System for reducing noise in a CATV home amplifier upstream path and a method thereof |
US9647851B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2017-05-09 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Ingress noise inhibiting network interface device and method for cable television networks |
US20170155182A1 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | Technetix B.V. | Cable Tap |
US10103420B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2018-10-16 | Technetix B.V. | Cable tap |
US20190116057A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Teleste Oyj | Arrangement for CATV network |
Citations (12)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US3846703A (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1974-11-05 | Tocom | Noise control system for transmission network |
US3886454A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-05-27 | Rca Corp | Control apparatus for a two-way cable television system |
US3924187A (en) * | 1974-05-14 | 1975-12-02 | Magnavox Co | Two-way cable television system with enhanced signal-to-noise ratio for upstream signals |
US4118669A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-10-03 | Premier Cablevision, Limited | Remote disconnect-reconnect tap for cable television systems |
US4752954A (en) * | 1984-12-19 | 1988-06-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Upstream signal control apparatus in bidirectional CATV system |
US4928272A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1990-05-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Two-way CATV system using frequency division multiplexing |
US4982440A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1991-01-01 | Videotron Ltee | CATV network with addressable filters receiving MSK upstream signals |
US5058198A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-10-15 | Am Communications, Inc. | Radio frequency tap unit which can be reconfigured with minimal disruption of service |
US5126840A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1992-06-30 | Videotron Ltee | Filter circuit receiving upstream signals for use in a CATV network |
US5317392A (en) * | 1990-12-26 | 1994-05-31 | Nec Corporation | Noise reducing device for up-going signals in bidirectional CATV system |
US5343239A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-08-30 | Zing Systems, L.P. | Transaction based interactive television system |
US5505901A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1996-04-09 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | CATV pay per view interdiction system method and apparatus |
-
1998
- 1998-06-26 US US09/105,407 patent/USH1858H/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3846703A (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1974-11-05 | Tocom | Noise control system for transmission network |
US3886454A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-05-27 | Rca Corp | Control apparatus for a two-way cable television system |
US3924187A (en) * | 1974-05-14 | 1975-12-02 | Magnavox Co | Two-way cable television system with enhanced signal-to-noise ratio for upstream signals |
US4118669A (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-10-03 | Premier Cablevision, Limited | Remote disconnect-reconnect tap for cable television systems |
US4752954A (en) * | 1984-12-19 | 1988-06-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Upstream signal control apparatus in bidirectional CATV system |
US5505901A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1996-04-09 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | CATV pay per view interdiction system method and apparatus |
US4982440A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1991-01-01 | Videotron Ltee | CATV network with addressable filters receiving MSK upstream signals |
US5126840A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1992-06-30 | Videotron Ltee | Filter circuit receiving upstream signals for use in a CATV network |
US4928272A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1990-05-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Two-way CATV system using frequency division multiplexing |
US5058198A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-10-15 | Am Communications, Inc. | Radio frequency tap unit which can be reconfigured with minimal disruption of service |
US5317392A (en) * | 1990-12-26 | 1994-05-31 | Nec Corporation | Noise reducing device for up-going signals in bidirectional CATV system |
US5343239A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-08-30 | Zing Systems, L.P. | Transaction based interactive television system |
Cited By (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6453473B1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2002-09-17 | John C. Watson, Jr. | Access device and system for managing television and data communications through a cable television network |
US6804828B1 (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2004-10-12 | Masprodenkoh Kabushikikaisha | Tap device of cable broadcasting system |
US20020199202A1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-26 | Hunter David R. | Multiple input data receiver for cable television systems |
US7254828B2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2007-08-07 | Acterna Llc | Multiple input data receiver for cable television systems |
US6714598B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2004-03-30 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Burst-mode combining of reverse path radio frequency signals |
US20050034167A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-10 | Hillel Weinstein | Wideband CATV tap device |
US7903972B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2011-03-08 | Riggsby Robert R | Format converter with smart multitap |
WO2008011270A2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Communication system for video and bidirectional data transmission between a cable head- end and a plurality of subscribers |
US20080022344A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Format Converter with Smart Multitap with Digital Forward and Reverse |
WO2008011270A3 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-06-26 | Scientific Atlanta | Communication system for video and bidirectional data transmission between a cable head- end and a plurality of subscribers |
US7783195B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2010-08-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Llc | Format converter with smart multitap with digital forward and reverse |
US20080010512A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Format Converter with Smart Multitap |
US7885542B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2011-02-08 | Riggsby Robert R | Format converter with smart multitap and upstream signal regulator |
US20080010488A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Format Converter with Smart Multitap and Upstream Signal Regulator |
US20090260049A1 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-15 | Tibor Urbanek | Automatic drop/house return termination system |
US8667550B2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2014-03-04 | Pct International, Inc. | House amplifier with return path gating |
US20090320085A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-24 | Jon-En Wang | House amplifier with return path gating |
US20100223651A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2010-09-02 | Jon-En Wang | Amplifier with noise reduction |
US8769597B2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2014-07-01 | Pct International, Inc. | Amplifier with noise reduction |
US9647851B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2017-05-09 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Ingress noise inhibiting network interface device and method for cable television networks |
US10045056B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2018-08-07 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Ingress noise inhibiting network interface device and method for cable television networks |
US10187673B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2019-01-22 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Ingress noise inhibiting network interface device and method for cable television networks |
US20100251323A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Jackson David H | Upstream bandwidth conditioning device |
US20100244980A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-09-30 | Olson Thomas A | Method and apparatus for a self-terminating signal path |
US8990881B2 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2015-03-24 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Upstream bandwidth conditioning device |
US20150201239A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2015-07-16 | Ppc Broadband, Inc. | Upstream bandwidth conditioning device |
US8082570B2 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2011-12-20 | John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a self-terminating signal path |
CN102450002A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-05-09 | 约翰·梅扎林瓜联合有限公司 | Method and apparatus for a self-terminating signal path |
US8850505B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2014-09-30 | David Zilberberg | System for reducing noise in a CATV home amplifier upstream path and a method thereof |
EP2383993A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-02 | NXP Semiconductors B.V. | Bi-directional device |
WO2012024038A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina | Tap units having reverse path burst mode detection circuits and related methods of identifying reverse path noise sources and reducing reverse path noise funneling |
US10103420B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2018-10-16 | Technetix B.V. | Cable tap |
US10050328B2 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-08-14 | Technetix B.V. | Cable tap |
US20170155182A1 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | Technetix B.V. | Cable Tap |
US20190116057A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Teleste Oyj | Arrangement for CATV network |
US10666449B2 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-05-26 | Teleste Oyj | Arrangement for CATV network |
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