US997643A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

sf G; W1G-JLIUS.. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. AgmoATmN-HLBD rms; 9, l1906.

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. T o all lwhom it-may concern:

` ing drawings, and to letters or figures ofv l@C L:

svEN GUs'rAr WIGELIUS, or'EsKinsiUNA, SWEDEN i -INTEnNAIJcoMBUsrioN ENGINE.-

-Beit known-that LSVEN GUsiAr VIGE- LIL-Ys,v a subject -of the King of Sweden, residing vented certain'new and'useful. Improvements in Internal-Combustion-Engines and I do hereby declare the vfollowing to 'be full,

clear, and exact descriptionof the invention,

such as willenable others skilled inthe art `to which it appertains to make and use' thev same, reference 'being had to the accompanyreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

7 This invention relates to gas-ino'torsfof thel nd wherein a ready-formed'gas and air mixture, 'formed' and mixed outsidey the working cylinder, introduced into the cylinder, where it burns as it is introduced depending upon the very high temperature arising at the compressing of the air vin the cylinder at the compression`rstroke. The motor in a well 'known manner" cooperates vwith one or more aircompressors (in the drawing two are shown) which compress thel vair required for operating the' machine.

The distinguishing characteristic of the present motor consists therein, that itis arranged like a compound engine with" two cylinders, of'which the smaller is thecombustion cylinder and the larger the expansion cylinder, while the latterafter receiving'tlie combustion gasesI thatl escape 1 A gases are introduced into theexpansion cyl- '.from 'the combustion cylinder, further utili'zes their. expansibility.` The combustion inder partly by reason ofV the rarefaction taking pla-ce therein, and partly by means' of the compressed-air let into the combustion chamber,v which air after forcing the` combust-ion gases into the expansion cylinder,

1 completely cleans the former cylinder and fills it with air. By'this mode o foperation of the'inachine lboth an uninterrupted Vandconstantly 'effective combustion of vthe driying-gas mixture entering the working-cylinder vas well as a sure ignition are attained,

the ignition being effected in the known..

pneumatic Way, z. e. by compression or spontaneously.

In the' annexed drawings, Figurel illustrates schematically an entire motor, Figs.

2, 3 and 4, different positions of thel piston in the combustion cylinder. l

The two-cylinder motor, shown as an illustration', has in conformity with the ftWO" at Eskilstfuiia, Sweden, have inapart.

Specification of LettersPatcnt. Patent/ed Jllly'lll, 1911. -Appiipationmeq February 9, 190s. seriai`Nq. 300,336.

cylinder, 15, while ,the piston of the smaller' compressor 18 is connected with the piston 5ft of the largely eipa-nsion cylinder, 16. The compressors .may also, for instan-ce, be driven by means of shaft 39 to vwhich the two pistons, ,58 and 54, are connected 900 Both compressors are. in such connection with each other that the air compressed in 17 passes into and is subjected to a further compressionin 18,"so that there results a compression by stages.

The communication between the cylinders l inder. .From Athis chamber Q0 conduit 21 passes to the e'xpansioncylinder. This latter isprovided withaninletA-valye and'an` outlet Valve on either side of the piston, in

the saine manner as the cylinder 15, in Fig. 1. Thus, 22 and 2 3 are the inlet valves, and Q4', 'aret-he outlet valves, all being in a suitable manner controlled by a cam-member 87, fastenedto a shaft 38. This Vlatter is,- by means of a suitable gearing, connected to and 'driyen from the motor-shaft 39,'to which eud l have shown' miter-gears 60 and 61, the latter on shaft 62 which is driven by the miter gears 63 and 641.l The'combustion cylinder has also on leach side of the piston 53 two "altes, 26, 27, and 28, 29. All of them are, likethe Valves for the expansion cylinder 16, controlled by a cam-member 30,' likewise fixed on shaft 38. Valves 26v4 and 528 are inlet va lves for/compressed air and fuel, and are, by means of conduits` 31- and 32, in communication' with the compressor ,18,v or with the pressure-air receiver 33, and by conduits 34 and 35 connected with receptacle 36 containing liquid fuel Vunder pressure.

, Valves 27 and 29 ,are cleaning valves and are by meansof conduit y 52 connected with the 'compressor '17, fromwhich the compressed air may thusenter and clean' the combustion cylinder 15.

The twocylinden motor works in the following manner: Supposethat the pistonl 53 15 and 16 is primarily leected through ports' 50 "the fresh air pressedvint-o the cylinder is compressed in the known mannerto' igni- 1 tion temperature. The .degree of co ipression in question, which ought not to e too -and the piston 53 is moved to the left.

is in turn opened. The ignitible drivinggas 4mixture thus enterlng the cylinder 15,

burns as it enters,idepending upon the tem-- perature of the air compressed in they cylinder during-the compression stroke, being on account of the highfcornpression higher than thel igniting, temperature of the fuel, The driving-gas mixture is let in and burns in this mannerduring a greaterV or less part of the stroke of-the piston from the endposition tothe ports 19, for instance during 'one-half of the way, whereupon valve 28 tion gases, and when'the side of the piston is closed. The piston then passes farther on account oI the expansion of the combusexposed to the pressure reaches the edges of the ports 4(see Fig. 2) the cleaning valve 29 is opened as Well as valve-22 inthe expansion cylinder. T herebythe combustion gases fromcyhnder 15 are drlven fromcyl- 'inder 15 first into conduit 2l and then into the expansion cylinder 16. The cleaning is thus effected during the time which the piston4 53. holds thev ports 19 open or during. a

part of'that time. But it is not4 absolutely necessary that the filling ofv the expansion cylinder` occur simultaneously lwith the cleaning of the 'combustion cylinder. The

filling must, however, always take place during the first part lof the piston course,

counted from the dead-point. f

' ,In the piston position according to Figr, lor immediately before or after the same,- the air and fuelvalve 26 of. the combustqn cylinder is'opened, 'and in consequence' of' t-he'combustionl on the left side of the piston 53, the 'piston 53 moves to the right while the cleaning valve 29 still remains open. This latter valve'is not to be closed before the rightside of the piston 53-has entirely passed., the ports and even a little f The spontaneous lignition is employed, that is,

high and at all events not too low,'depends on the quantity of air inclosed inthe cylinder when the cleaning-.valve 29 isclosed. 5' I claim- 1. Ina gas engine, .the combination with a i combustion cylinderand piston, and an air compression, means of communication becompressor driven directly thereby, of an expansion .cylinder and piston and an air compressor driven directly thereby, means to connect the cor'npressors to obtain stage tween the combustion and the expansion cylinders and between the high stage compressor -and the combustion cylinder, the high stage compressor compressi-ng the air to ignition temperature previous to admission to the combustion cylinder, andvalve controlled Aconnections, bet-Ween the lower stage compressor and combustionl cylinder to admit scavenging air to the latter during the exhaust. I 75 2., In a gas-engine, the combination with a combustion cylinderand piston, and an air compressor driven directly'thereby, of` an expansion cylinder and piston, and an air compressor driven directly thereby, a fuel reservoir, valves controlling the ad- Y. mission of fuel to the combustion cylinder', in eansto connect the compressors to obtain stage compression', means of communication between the combustion and the expansion cylinders and between the high stage compressor and ythe combustion i cylinder, the high stage compressor compressing the air to ignition temperature previous to admission vto the combustion cylinder, and valvecontrolled connection 'between the loiver stage compressorand combustion Vcylinder -to admit scavenging airto the .latter during the exhaust, said combustion cylinder eX- hausting into the expansion cylinder.

3. In a gas engine, the combination with a combustion cylinder and its piston, said cylinder having vexhaust ports therein controlled Aby the piston and a low stage pressure compressor the `piston of-Which is connected directly to the piston of thecombustion cylinder, of an expansion 'cylinder intov which the combustion cylinder discharges, a plstonl therein, -a high pressure compressor the piston of which is directly A connectedto said piston'iof the expansion cylinder and discharging into the-combustion cylinder, valve-controlled connectionsv between said lowA stage compressor; andthe combustioncylinder to admit scavenging air, il() and' valreicontrolled connections between the high stage compressor and' combustion cylinder to admit air for combustion.

In testimony, that I claimjthe foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of tivo subscribing witnesses.

SVEN GUSTAF lVIGrELIUS. lVitness'es: y

CARI, Fiamme,

GUsfr. ALsoiv.

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