US9945508B2 - Flexible pipe for transporting a cryogenic fluid, and associated equipment and method - Google Patents

Flexible pipe for transporting a cryogenic fluid, and associated equipment and method Download PDF

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US9945508B2
US9945508B2 US14/438,191 US201314438191A US9945508B2 US 9945508 B2 US9945508 B2 US 9945508B2 US 201314438191 A US201314438191 A US 201314438191A US 9945508 B2 US9945508 B2 US 9945508B2
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ballast
assembly
pipe
around
unit
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US20150276118A1 (en
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Philippe Espinasse
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Technip Energies France SAS
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Technip France SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
    • F16L1/24—Floats; Weights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/141—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems in which the temperature of the medium is below that of the ambient temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/153—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems for flexible pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a flexible pipe for transporting cryogenic fluid, comprising:
  • Said pipe is intended to transport a cryogenic fluid derived for example from a gas liquefying process.
  • the transported fluid is liquefied natural gas in particular having a boiling point lower than ⁇ 163° C.
  • a cryogenic fluid transported by the pipe has a boiling point lower than 0° C.
  • Natural gas extracted from the ground is a major source of fuel that can be recovered.
  • cryogenic fluids and in particular the offloading of cryogenic fluid from a floating liquefaction plant to a transport vessel, or from a transport vessel to a storage installation on land must be carried out in the vicinity of the shore, often by means of articulated arms connecting the vessel to the plant or to the storage installation.
  • Said articulated arms are not adapted for cases in which loading and offloading operations are performed at a distance from the shore in areas that are scarcely protected, in particular when the liquefaction units are positioned on floating installations of ⁇ FLNG>> type.
  • the offloading of the liquefied gas can only be carried out when weather conditions are calm, which may make plant operation difficult.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,543,613 discloses an installation for transferring fluid between two vessels, comprising a catenary flexible conduit under the surface of the water to limit the impact of weather conditions on the fluid transfer system and improve the safety of operations.
  • the conduit is weighted with a ballast assembly.
  • the ballast assembly must be capable of weighting the conduit without damaging the heat insulation and the mechanical properties thereof.
  • the subject of the invention is a pipe of the aforementioned type characterized in that the ballast assembly comprises:
  • a further subject of the invention is an installation for the transfer of cryogenic fluid comprising:
  • a further subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a flexible pipe such as described above, characterized in that it comprises the following steps of:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a first installation for the transfer of cryogenic fluid, comprising a first flexible pipe according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along a median axial plane of the main layers of the first flexible pipe according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along a transverse plane of the flexible pipe in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective front three-quarter view of a variant of ballast ring intended for the pipe in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5 is an overhead view of the ring in FIG. 4 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of the ring in FIG. 4 ;
  • FIG. 7 is a similar view to FIG. 2 of a second pipe according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a partly exploded perspective view of the pipe in FIG. 7 .
  • upstream>> and ⁇ downstream>> are generally meant in relation to the normal direction of circulation of a fluid though an element.
  • the terms ⁇ inner>> and ⁇ outer>> are generally meant in relation to a central axis of an element.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a first installation 10 for transferring cryogenic fluid across a body of water 12 .
  • the installation 10 comprises a first upstream unit 14 to receive cryogenic fluid, a second downstream unit 16 to receive cryogenic fluid and a first pipe 18 for transferring cryogenic fluid across the body of water 12 .
  • the cryogenic fluid is intended to be transported via the pipe 18 between the upstream unit 14 and the downstream unit 16 .
  • Said fluid is a hydrocarbon for example in liquid form such as liquefied natural gas.
  • the cryogenic fluid then has a boiling point lower than ⁇ 163° C.
  • a cryogenic fluid transported through the pipe 18 has a boiling point lower than 0° C.
  • the body of water 12 is a lake for example or sea or ocean.
  • the depth of the body of water 12 above the installation 10 is between 15 meters and 4000 meters for example.
  • the upstream unit 14 is a floating structure for example on the body of water, such as a surface naval support, a semi-submersible platform, a floating vertical column or a vessel.
  • the unit 14 is a fixed rigid structure of ⁇ jacket>> type, or an oscillating structure anchored to the seabed.
  • the upstream unit 14 comprises an upstream tank 20 to receive cryogenic fluid.
  • the upstream tank 20 is connected to a downstream end of the flexible pipe 18 via a connecting system (not illustrated).
  • the upstream unit 14 comprises a gas liquefying unit to produce cryogenic fluid. Therefore the upstream unit 14 may be a floating unit for the production, storage and offloading of hydrocarbons designated by the acronym ⁇ FPSO>>. As a variant the upstream unit 14 is a floating unit for storage and regasification designated by the acronym ⁇ FSRU>>.
  • downstream unit 16 is also a floating structure.
  • This downstream unit 16 is a vessel for example or barge, floating platform, intended to be connected to the upstream storage unit 14 to collect cryogenic fluid derived from the upstream unit 14 .
  • the downstream unit comprises a downstream tank 22 for cryogenic fluid connected to a downstream end of the flexible pipe via a connecting system (not illustrated).
  • the flexible pipe 18 advantageously extends over a length of more than 30 meters and in particular extends between 50 meters and 300 meters. It delimits a central throughway 28 , along local axis A-A′ in FIG. 2 , for circulation of the cryogenic fluid.
  • the flexible pipe 18 has a relatively small minimum bending radius (MBR) e.g. few meters. This makes it fit to be reversibly coiled and uncoiled without significant plastic deformation on a spool or cradle on-board a vessel.
  • MLR minimum bending radius
  • the flexible pipe 18 is advantageously non-bonded.
  • the constituent layers are not bonded together by a bonding material such as an adhesive but are free to slide locally in relation to one another, in particular during bending.
  • the flexible pipe 18 comprises an inner assembly 30 to confine the cryogenic fluid, and an outer ballast assembly 32 arranged around the confinement assembly 30 over at least one portion of the length of the flexible pipe 18 .
  • the inner assembly 30 comprises an corrugated inner tube 40 , at least one inner tensile armour 42 and at least one heat-insulating assembly 44 arranged around the inner armour 42 .
  • the inner assembly 30 further comprises an intermediate sheath 46 arranged around the heat-insulating assembly 44 .
  • the pipe 18 in the example in FIG. 2 optionally comprises an inner lining 48 to guide the fluid inside the corrugated tube 44 and a spiralled layer 50 arranged between the armour layers 42 and the insulating layers 44 .
  • the inner corrugated tube 40 is metal-based. To ensure good temperature resistance to the circulation temperature of the cryogenic fluid, this tube is made in 304L or 316L steel for example.
  • the tube 40 advantageously has a mean diameter larger than 30 centimeters, for example between 30 centimeters and 60 centimeters.
  • the corrugations 52 of the tube 40 are formed by a series of hollows 54 and ridges 56 axially delimiting the hollows 54 .
  • the hollows 54 open radially into the axis A-A′.
  • the maximum radial depth of the hollows 54 taken perpendicular to the axis A-A′ between the top of a ridge 56 and the bottom of the hollow 54 is twenty times smaller than the mean diameter of the tube 40 .
  • the hollows 54 form a series of separated annular grooves parallel to one another.
  • the hollows 54 are formed by a continuous helical groove having an equal-sized pitch to the pitch of the corrugations 52 .
  • the tube 40 is formed for example by an end-to-end assembly of a plurality of sections of corrugated tube, each section being formed for example by stamping.
  • Each tube section comprises a plurality of corrugations for example more than ten corrugations 52 .
  • Each corrugated tube section defines a continuous inner surface that is impervious over its entire length and entire periphery.
  • the tube 40 is formed by a coiling a band folded along at least one edge and stapled onto an adjacent edge of the band.
  • the tube 40 therefore offers resistance to internal pressure whilst guaranteeing some amount of flexibility due to the deformation displayed by the corrugations 52 of the tube 40 , in particular at low temperatures of use.
  • the tensile armour 42 is formed by at least one layer 42 A, 42 B of tensile armour helically wound around the axis A-A′.
  • Each armour layer 42 A, 42 B comprises elongate elements such as tapes and/or strands e.g. in synthetic material such as polyester, in composite material or in metal.
  • a first armour layer 42 A is helically wound for example around the axis A-A′ at a helix angle + ⁇ between 20° and 45° relative to the axis A-A′.
  • a second armour layer 42 B is wound for example at a helix angle ⁇ on the outside the first layer 42 A in contact with this layer 42 B.
  • the inner tensile armour 42 advantageously has a thickness of between 1 mm and 4 mm.
  • the tensile armour 42 is not bonded to the corrugated tube 40 .
  • the optional spiralled layer 50 is wound around the inner armour 42 , at a winding angle smaller than that of the armour layers 42 A, 42 B.
  • the winding angle of the layer 50 is between 2° an 5° for example.
  • the spiralled layer 50 is made in a threadlike element e.g. in fibres of plastic material such as polyester fibres.
  • the spiralled layer 50 ensures reinforcement of the armour layers 42 and prevents the structure of these layers 42 from becoming disorganised when the pipe 18 is in use or when it is bent.
  • the spiralled layer 50 is not bonded to the armour layers 42 .
  • the insulating assembly 44 comprises at least one heat-insulating layer 44 A, 44 B. It advantageously has at least insulating two similar insulating layers 44 A, 44 B separated by an intermediate sealing layer 58 .
  • Each heat-insulating layer 44 A, 44 B is formed of a solid heat-insulating material having thermal conductivity of less than at least 300 times the thermal conductivity of the inner tube 40 .
  • Each layer 44 A, 44 B is formed of foam for example, advantageously polyolefin foam or an aerogel.
  • each heat-insulating layer 44 A, 44 B is formed for example of one or more bands of polyethylene foam wound around the axis A-A′.
  • the intermediate sealing layer 58 is advantageously formed of an adhesive band of rubber sealant. It ensures an additional seal for natural gas if the inner tube 40 no longer ensures this sealing.
  • the heat-insulating assembly 44 formed by the or each heat-insulating layer 44 A, 44 B and by the intermediate layer 50 , if provided, has a greater thickness than the thickness of the inner tube 40 , for example of between 3 cm and 15 cm.
  • the heat-insulating layers 44 A, 44 B are not bonded to the spiralled layer 50 or to the intermediate sheath 46 or to the inner armour 42 .
  • the intermediate sheath 46 is intended to ensure a general seal between the outside of the pipe 18 and the inside of the pipe 18 , to prevent the ingress of water into the inner assembly 30 .
  • it is formed of spiralled bands of rubber PVC or aramid e.g. KEVLAR or an extruded or sprayed thermoplastic sheath.
  • the intermediate sheath 46 further comprises an additional heat-insulating sub-layer
  • the intermediate sheath 46 is not bonded to the insulating layers 44 A, 44 B.
  • the inner lining 48 is formed for example by a series of cylindrical segments 60 axially engaged in one another inside the corrugated tube 40 . It is in metal for example.
  • the inner lining 48 has a total length substantially equal to the total length of the corrugated tube 16 .
  • Each segment 60 is of general cylindrical shape. It advantageously comprises a cylindrical body 62 of axis A-A′ that is radially expandable and an external abutment 64 for axial abutting on the corrugated tube 16 .
  • the structure of the inner sheath 48 is similar for example to the structure described in French application WO2011/092440 by the Applicant and will not be described in further detail.
  • the ballast assembly 32 comprises a support layer 70 intended to bear upon the inner assembly 30 , an outer armour 72 wound around the support layer 70 and an outer layer 74 of adjacent ballast rings 74 A.
  • the ballast assembly 32 advantageously comprises an outer sheath 76 in polymer material positioned between the outer armour 72 and the outer layer 74 .
  • the support layer 70 is formed of a plurality of adjacent collars 70 A mounted around the intermediate sheath 46 .
  • the collars 70 A are mounted longitudinally side-by-side around the intermediate sheath 46 .
  • An intermediate space 78 separates the collars 70 A of each pair of adjacent collars 70 A. Therefore successive collars 70 A are unattached and are not directly connected to each other.
  • the length of the collars 70 A is between 100 mm and 200 mm, advantageously it is 150 mm.
  • the collars 70 A are arranged in a pitch of between 200 mm and 300 mm, in particular of about 250 mm.
  • the collars 70 A are all engaged around the intermediate sheath 46 without being attached to the sheath 46 . This prevents damage to the sheath 46 or to an insulating layer 44 A, 44 B.
  • each collar 70 A is formed of a plurality of circumferential collar parts 80 A, 80 B, each circumferential part 80 A, 80 B extending in an angular sector of 180° or less around the axis A-A′.
  • each collar 70 A is formed of two semi-collars assembled together by tack welding.
  • each circumferential part 80 A, 80 B is in the shape of a cylinder portion.
  • the circumferential parts 80 A, 80 B are assembled onto each other they therefore form a continuous cylinder 70 A around the axis A-A′.
  • Each collar 70 A is made in metal for example e.g. steel. Each one advantageously has a thickness of between 2 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 4 mm and 5 mm.
  • the outer armour 72 comprises at least one ply of outer armours 72 A, 72 B, advantageously two plys of crossed-over outer armours 72 A, 72 B.
  • Each ply of outer armour 72 A, 72 B is advantageously formed by a helical winding of an elongate element such as a band in composite material e.g. Kevlar.
  • a first ply of armours 72 A is helically wound for example around the axis A-A′ at a helix angle + ⁇ of between 5° and 50° relative to the axis A-A′.
  • a second ply of armours 72 B is wound at a helix angle for example of ⁇ on the outside of the first ply of armours 72 A, in contact with this ply of armours 72 A.
  • the number of armour plies 72 A, 72 B is generally between 1 and 4.
  • Each armour ply 72 A, 72 B is intended to transmit the stresses, related to the weight added by the ballast rings 74 A, to the end parts of the pipe 18 .
  • the outer sheath 76 is formed for example of a layer of polymer material such as a polyamide in particular PA11, or a polyolefin such as polyethylene.
  • the outer sheath 76 is formed of a fluorinated polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the support layer 70 , outer armour 72 and outer sheath 76 extend continuously over the pipe 18 , advantageously over the entire length of the pipe 18 , or at least continuously between two end parts of each pipe section.
  • the ballast rings 74 A of the outer layer 74 are mounted around the outer sheath 76 . They are advantageously formed of metal to provide the necessary weight for local adjustment of the floatability of the pipe 18 .
  • each ballast ring 74 A is formed of a plurality of segments 90 A, 90 B distributed at an angle on the periphery of the pipe 18 relative to the axis A-A′.
  • the ring 74 A comprises two segments 90 A, 90 B connected together via a securing mechanism 92 .
  • the ring 74 A comprises more than two segments, advantageously three segments 90 A, 90 B, 90 C connected together via the securing mechanism 92 .
  • the ring 74 A has a density higher than 1 to reduce local floatability of the pipe 18 in the body of water 12 .
  • the linear weight of the outer layer 74 on the sections of the pipe 18 provided with rings 74 A is between 100 kg/m and 500 kg/m for example, to reach a typical weight of 50 tonnes for example over 200 m.
  • the segments 90 A, 90 B extend circumferentially around the axis A-A′. They have an inner surface 92 A in the shape of a cylinder section intended to be applied onto the outer sheath 76 , and an outer surface 92 B advantageously in the form of a cylinder section.
  • the thickness of the ring 74 A, between the inner surface 92 A and outer surface 92 B is advantageously thicker than the thickness of each collar 70 A in the radial direction relative to axis A-A′.
  • Each segment 90 A has a first docking region 94 A on an adjacent segment 90 B and a second docking region 94 B on an adjacent segment 90 B.
  • the docking regions 94 A, 94 B are advantageously formed on the circumferential edges of each segment 90 A, 90 B, substantially in a radial plane relative to the axis A-A′.
  • Each docking region 94 A of a first segment 90 A is intended to be applied to a docking region 94 B of a second segment 90 B.
  • the securing mechanism, 92 is positioned between each first segment 90 A and each adjacent second segment 90 B. It is able to hold in position each docking surface 94 A of a first segment 90 A in relation to the docking surface 94 B of a second segment 90 B.
  • the securing mechanism 92 is formed by at least one screw/nut system engaged through each segment pair 90 A, 90 B.
  • the rings 74 A can therefore easily be mounted and dismounted around the outer sheath 76 . Such mounting can be performed when installing the pipe 18 in the body of water, after the manufacturing thereof, to adjust the configuration and local floatability of the pipe 18 .
  • each docking region 94 A, 94 B is substantially T-shaped.
  • the securing members 92 project through the free ends of the docking regions 94 A, 94 B located facing the notches 96 , which allows easy insertion, mounting and dismounting of the securing mechanism.
  • the pipe 18 comprises at least one central section 110 devoid of ballast rings 74 A, and two adjacent sections 112 A, 112 B positioned either side of the central section 110 and provided with ballast rings 74 A.
  • the central section 110 floats on the surface of the body of water 12 and remains close thereto, whereas the adjacent sections 112 A, 112 B have lesser floatability than the central section 110 and are therefore immersed under the surface of the body of water 12 below the central section 110 .
  • the pipe 18 therefore has a W-shaped configuration when it is immersed in the body of water 12 .
  • the corrugated tube 40 is formed of a plurality of sections, the different tube sections are assembled together.
  • an inner lining 48 is provided in the tube 40 , this inner lining 48 is assembled inside the tube 40 .
  • the inner armours 42 are then wound around the inner tube 40 . If provision is made for a spiralled layer 50 , this is spirally wound around the armour layers 42 .
  • the first insulating layer 44 A, the intermediate layer 58 if provided, the second insulating layer 44 B are arranged around the armour 42 .
  • the outer sealing layer is placed around the insulating assembly 44 .
  • the collars 70 A are assembled around the intermediate sheath 46 .
  • a support layer 70 comprising collar parts 70 A is thus formed around the intermediate sheath 48 and is held in position around this sheath.
  • each collar 70 A is mounted on one another advantageously by tack welding.
  • outer armour layers 72 A, 72 B are then wound around the collars 70 in a manner known per se.
  • the outer layer 76 is arranged around the outer armour 72 thus formed.
  • the pipe 18 fully devoid of rings 74 A is wound around a spool or cradle on-board an installation structure.
  • ballast rings 74 A are mounted around the outer sheath 76 .
  • the different segments 90 A, 90 B, 90 C are assembled together using the securing mechanisms 92 in the sections 112 A, 112 B which are intended to be provided with ballast rings 74 A.
  • the pipe 18 is then gradually deployed and connected to the upstream unit 14 and downstream unit 16 .
  • ballast rings 74 A are mounted on the pipe 18 , before being loaded on the installing structure.
  • the pipe 18 of the invention is of particularly simple structure.
  • the presence of ballast rings 74 mounted on different sections 112 A, 112 B of the pipe 18 allows the local adjustment of its floatability to obtain different installation configurations.
  • At least one unit from among the upstream unit 14 and the downstream unit 16 is immersed in the body of water.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 A second pipe 118 according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 . Unlike pipe 18 , this pipe 118 is devoid of an inner sheath 48 and of a spiralled layer 50 . In addition, each segment 90 A, 90 B has an upstream edge 98 and a downstream edge 100 devoid of notches.
  • Boreholes 120 are pierced in each segment to allow the insertion of the blocking mechanism 92 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
US14/438,191 2012-11-08 2013-10-31 Flexible pipe for transporting a cryogenic fluid, and associated equipment and method Active 2034-04-25 US9945508B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1203003 2012-11-08
FR1203003A FR2997747B1 (fr) 2012-11-08 2012-11-08 Conduite flexible de transport d'un fluide cryogenique, installation et procede associes
PCT/EP2013/072796 WO2014072222A1 (fr) 2012-11-08 2013-10-31 Conduite flexible de transport d'un fluide cryogénique, installation et procédé associés

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US20150276118A1 US20150276118A1 (en) 2015-10-01
US9945508B2 true US9945508B2 (en) 2018-04-17

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US (1) US9945508B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP2917628B1 (pt)
AU (1) AU2013343763B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR112015010429B8 (pt)
FR (1) FR2997747B1 (pt)
MY (1) MY171732A (pt)
WO (1) WO2014072222A1 (pt)

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US20180202579A1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2018-07-19 Technip France Removable cover intended for being arranged opposite a fluid-transport pipe submerged in a body of water, associated intervention assembly and method
US20230045865A1 (en) * 2020-01-22 2023-02-16 Balmoral Comtec Limited Spring

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EP3670997B1 (de) * 2018-12-19 2022-07-06 Nexans Flexible vakuumisolierte leitung
CN111207249A (zh) * 2020-03-03 2020-05-29 威海鸿通管材股份有限公司 一种新型低温柔性管道

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EP2917628A1 (fr) 2015-09-16
BR112015010429A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
FR2997747B1 (fr) 2015-01-16
BR112015010429B1 (pt) 2020-11-03
FR2997747A1 (fr) 2014-05-09
BR112015010429B8 (pt) 2020-11-24
EP2917628B1 (fr) 2016-12-14
AU2013343763B2 (en) 2018-02-08
MY171732A (en) 2019-10-25
US20150276118A1 (en) 2015-10-01
AU2013343763A1 (en) 2015-05-21
WO2014072222A1 (fr) 2014-05-15

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