US9926281B2 - 5-[(piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis - Google Patents

5-[(piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis Download PDF

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US9926281B2
US9926281B2 US15/538,393 US201515538393A US9926281B2 US 9926281 B2 US9926281 B2 US 9926281B2 US 201515538393 A US201515538393 A US 201515538393A US 9926281 B2 US9926281 B2 US 9926281B2
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methyl
dione
imidazolidine
piperazin
oxo
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Franck Laurent BREBION
Luke Jonathan ALVEY
David Amantini
Frédéric André DE CEUNINCK
Pierre Marc Marie Joseph DEPREZ
Romain Luc Marie Gosmini
Hélène Marie JARY
Christophe Peixoto
Iuliana Ecaterina POP-BOTEZ
Marie Laurence Claire VARIN
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Galapagos NV
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Laboratoires Servier SAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/72—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin
    • C07D233/76—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the third ring carbon atom
    • C07D233/78—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/04—Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hydantoin compounds, and their use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the present compounds are ADAMTS inhibitors, and more particularly ADAMTS-5.
  • the present invention also provides methods for the production of a compound of the invention, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, methods for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering a compound of the invention.
  • Cartilage is an avascular tissue of which chondrocytes are the main cellular component.
  • One of the functional roles of cartilage in the joint is to allow bones to articulate on each other smoothly. Loss of articular cartilage, therefore, causes the bones to rub against each other leading to pain and loss of mobility, and is the hallmark of various diseases, among which rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are the most prominent.
  • the chondrocytes in normal articular cartilage occupy approximately 5% of the tissue volume, while the extra-cellular matrix makes up the remaining 95% of the tissue.
  • the chondrocytes secrete the components of the matrix, mainly proteoglycans (including aggrecan) and collagens, which in turn supply the chondrocytes with an environment suitable for their survival under mechanical stress.
  • proteoglycans including aggrecan
  • collagen type II together with collagen type IX, is arranged in solid fibril-like structures, and provides cartilage with high mechanical strength properties, whereas aggrecan and other proteoglycans can absorb water and provide the resilient and shock-absorbing properties of the cartilage.
  • cartilage homeostasis is maintained by a balance between the production (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of aggrecan and collagen.
  • this balance shifts toward catabolism. Loss of aggrecan occurs early in the onset of cartilage destruction, initially at the joint surface then spreading more deeply at more advanced stages (Pond and Nuki, 1973).
  • Osteoarthritis also referred to as OA, or wear-and-tear arthritis
  • OA wear-and-tear arthritis
  • the disease mainly affects hands, spine and weight-bearing joints such as knees, and hips.
  • the cartilage progressively deteriorates, which can be graded.
  • the deeper layers of cartilage are affected, leading to calcification and exposure of the subchondral bone (Wieland et al., 2005).
  • the clinical manifestations of the development of the osteoarthritis condition include: increased volume of the joint, pain, crepitation and functional disability that lead to pain and reduced mobility of the joints. When disease further develops, pain at rest emerges. If the condition persists without correction and/or therapy, the joint is destroyed leading to disability.
  • Osteoarthritis is difficult to treat. At present, no cure is available and treatment focuses on relieving pain and preventing the affected joint from becoming deformed. Common treatments are currently limited to steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), which provide symptomatic relief for pain and inflammation but do not arrest or slow down the progression of the disease (Mobasheri, 2013).
  • NSAIDS steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  • joint replacement may be necessary. This is especially true for hips and knees. If a joint is extremely painful and cannot be replaced, it may be fused. This procedure stops the pain, but results in the permanent loss of joint function, making walking and bending difficult.
  • chondral cellular material is taken from the patient, sent to a laboratory where it is expanded. The material is then implanted in the damaged tissues to cover the tissue's defects.
  • Yet another treatment includes the intra-articular instillation of Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc, Hyalgan, Artz etc.), a substance that improves temporarily the rheology of the synovial fluid, producing an almost immediate sensation of free movement and a marked reduction of pain.
  • Hylan G-F 20 Synvisc, Hyalgan, Artz etc.
  • the ADAMTS family of secreted zinc metalloproteinases includes nineteen members that are known to bind and degrade extra cartilage matrix (ECM) components (Shiomi et al., 2010).
  • ECM extra cartilage matrix
  • Several members of the ADAMTS family have been found to cleave aggrecan, the major proteoglycan component of cartilage: ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -8, -9, -15, -16 and -18.
  • ADAMTS-4 aggrecanase-1
  • ADAMTS-5 aggrecanase-2
  • ADAMTS-5 was identified in 1999 (Abbaszade et al., 1999). In 2005 two independent groups identified ADAMTS-5 as the principal aggrecanase in mouse cartilage (Glasson et al., 2005; Stanton et al., 2005). Proteolysis of aggrecan by ADAMTS-5 occurs at different sites: however cleavage at the Glu373-Ala374 bond (aggrecan IGD) is likely more important in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis since a loss of integrity at this bond results in the loss of an entire aggrecan molecule, which is highly detrimental to cartilage integrity and function (Little et al., 2007).
  • ADAMTS-5 ablation protects against cartilage damage and aggrecan loss after osteoarthritis induction through surgical instability of the medial meniscus (DMM) (Glasson et al., 2005).
  • DMM medial meniscus
  • ADAMTS-5 knock-out mice showed reduced subchondral bone changes (Botter et al., 2009) and did not develop osteoarthritis-associated mechanical allodynia (Malfait et al., 2010).
  • clinical evidence also indicates the importance of and interest in ADAMTS-5 as a target for osteoarthritis.
  • studies with an antibody targeting ADAMTS-5 Chousaroli et al., 2013 have been reported.
  • ELISA's have been developed allowing the measurement of aggrecanase-derived cartilage neo-epitope levels in the synovial fluid as well as blood from rodents to human.
  • This method revealed increased levels of ADAMTS-5 derived neo-epitope levels in the joints of rats in which cartilage degradation was induced by meniscal tear as well as in joints of osteoarthritis patients, thereby providing further translational evidence for the importance of this protease in the development of osteoarthritis (Chockalingam et al., 2011; Larsson et al., 2014).
  • Matrix metalloproteinases constitute another family of 23 zinc metalloproteinases with many structural elements in common with ADAMTS family members (Georgiadis and Yiotakis, 2008). Clinical studies on broad spectrum MMP inhibitors in oncology revealed that inhibition of particular MMPs was associated with poorer prognosis and undesirable side effects. In particular, MMP8 and MMP12 have been categorized as antitargets based on in vivo animal studies (Dufour and Overall, 2013). Therefore, there is a need for selective ADAMTS, and in particular ADAMTS-5 inhibitors without affecting the activity of structurally related MMPs, and more particularly MMP-8 and -12.
  • ADAMTS in particular ADAMTS-5
  • ADAMTS-5 could provide desirable tools for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving cartilage degradation, in particular osteoarthritis, and/or rheumatoid arthritis.
  • the compounds of the present invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS, and more particularly ADAMTS-5.
  • the present invention is based on the identification of novel hydantoin compounds that may be useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the compounds of the invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS-5.
  • the present invention also provides methods for the production of these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods for treating inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering the compounds of the invention.
  • a compound of the invention having a Formula (I):
  • R 1 is:
  • the compounds of the invention may exhibit selectivity towards the ADAMTS protease family, in particular towards the ADAMTS-5.
  • the compounds of the invention may show low activity on MMP family members, in particular MMP8 and/or MMP12. Such selectivity may result in improved drug safety and/or reduce off-target associated risks.
  • the compounds of the invention surprisingly exhibit activity against ADAMTS-5 compared to structurally related close analogues.
  • the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and a pharmaceutical carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may additionally comprise further therapeutically active ingredients suitable for use in combination with the compounds of the invention.
  • the further therapeutically active ingredient is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the compounds of the invention useful in the pharmaceutical compositions and treatment methods disclosed herein, are pharmaceutically acceptable as prepared and used.
  • this invention provides a method of treating a mammal, in particular humans, afflicted with a condition selected from among those listed herein, and particularly inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which method comprises administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition or compounds of the invention as described herein.
  • the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and a suitable pharmaceutical carrier, excipient or diluent for use in medicine.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the compounds of the invention are provided for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis.
  • this invention provides methods for synthesizing the compounds of the invention, with representative synthetic protocols and pathways disclosed later on herein.
  • analogue means one analogue or more than one analogue.
  • Alkyl means straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon with the number of carbon atoms specified. Particular alkyl groups have 1 to 8 carbon atoms. More particular is lower alkyl which has 1 to 6 carbon atoms. A further particular group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Exemplary straight chained groups include methyl, ethyl n-propyl, and n-butyl. Branched means that one or more lower alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl is attached to a linear alkyl chain, exemplary branched chain groups include isopropyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl and isoamyl.
  • Alkoxy refers to the group —OR 20 where R 20 is alkyl with the number of carbon atoms specified.
  • Particular alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, and 1,2-dimethylbutoxy.
  • Particular alkoxy groups are lower alkoxy, i.e. with between 1 and 6 carbon atoms. Further particular alkoxy groups have between 1 and 4 carbon atoms.
  • Alkylene refers to divalent alkene radical groups having the number of carbon atoms specified, in particular having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and more particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms which can be straight-chained or branched. This term is exemplified by groups such as methylene (—CH 2 —), ethylene (—CH 2 —CH 2 —), or —CH(CH 3 )— and the like.
  • alkenyl refers to monovalent olefinically (unsaturated) hydrocarbon groups with the number of carbon atoms specified. Particular alkenyl has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and more particularly, from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which can be straight-chained or branched and having at least 1 and particularly from 1 to 2 sites of olefinic unsaturation. Particular alkenyl groups include ethenyl (—CH ⁇ CH 2 ), n-propenyl (—CH 2 CH ⁇ CH 2 ), isopropenyl (—C(CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2 ) and the like.
  • Amino refers to the radical —NH 2 .
  • Aryl refers to a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group derived by the removal of one hydrogen atom from a single carbon atom of a parent aromatic ring system.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic ring structure, monocyclic or polycyclic, with the number of ring atoms specified.
  • the term includes groups that include from 6 to 10 ring members. Where the aryl group is a monocyclic ring system it preferentially contains 6 carbon atoms.
  • Particularly aryl groups include phenyl, and naphthyl.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a non-aromatic hydrocarbyl ring structure, monocyclic or polycyclic, with the number of ring atoms specified.
  • a cycloalkyl may have from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and in particular from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
  • Such cycloalkyl groups include, by way of example, single ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl.
  • Cyano refers to the radical —CN.
  • Halo or ‘halogen’ refers to fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br) and iodo (I). Particular halo groups are either fluoro or chloro.
  • Hetero when used to describe a compound or a group present on a compound means that one or more carbon atoms in the compound or group have been replaced by a nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur heteroatom. Hetero may be applied to any of the hydrocarbyl groups described above such as alkyl, e.g. heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, e.g. heterocycloalkyl, aryl, e.g. heteroaryl, and the like having from 1 to 4, and particularly from 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms, more typically 1 or 2 heteroatoms, for example a single heteroatom.
  • Heteroaryl means an aromatic ring structure, monocyclic or fused polycyclic, that includes one or more heteroatoms independently selected from O, N and S and the number of ring atoms specified.
  • the aromatic ring structure may have from 5 to 9 ring members.
  • the heteroaryl group can be, for example, a five membered or six membered monocyclic ring or a fused bicyclic structure formed from fused five and six membered rings or two fused six membered rings or, by way of a further example, two fused five membered rings.
  • Each ring may contain up to four heteroatoms typically selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen.
  • the heteroaryl ring will contain up to 4 heteroatoms, more typically up to 3 heteroatoms, more usually up to 2, for example a single heteroatom.
  • the heteroaryl ring contains at least one ring nitrogen atom.
  • the nitrogen atoms in the heteroaryl rings can be basic, as in the case of an imidazole or pyridine, or essentially non-basic as in the case of an indole or pyrrole nitrogen. In general the number of basic nitrogen atoms present in the heteroaryl group, including any amino group substituents of the ring, will be less than five.
  • Examples of five membered monocyclic heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyrrolyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, furazanyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl groups.
  • Examples of six membered monocyclic heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl and triazinyl.
  • Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a five membered ring fused to another five-membered ring include but are not limited to imidazothiazolyl and imidazoimidazolyl.
  • bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a six membered ring fused to a five membered ring include but are not limited to benzfuranyl, benzthiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, purinyl (e.g. adenine, guanine), indazolyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, and pyrazolopyridinyl groups.
  • bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing two fused six membered rings include but are not limited to quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, pyridopyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, and pteridinyl groups.
  • Particular heteroaryl groups are those derived from thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl and pyrazinyl.
  • heteroaryls examples include the following:
  • each Y is selected from >C( ⁇ O), NH, O and S.
  • heterocycloalkyl means a stable non-aromatic ring structure, mono-cyclic or polycyclic, that includes one or more heteroatoms independently selected from O, N and S and the number of ring atoms specified.
  • the non-aromatic ring structure may have from 4 to 10 ring members, and in particular from 4 to 7 ring members.
  • a fused heterocyclic ring system may include carbocyclic rings and need only to include one heterocyclic ring. Examples of heterocyclic rings include, but are not limited to, morpholine, piperidine (e.g. 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl and 4-piperidinyl), pyrrolidine (e.g.
  • Further examples include thiomorpholine and its S-oxide and S,S-dioxide (particularly thiomorpholine).
  • Still further examples include azetidine, piperidone, piperazone, and N-alkyl piperidines such as N-methyl piperidine. Particular examples of heterocycloalkyl groups are shown in the following illustrative examples:
  • each W is selected from CH 2 , NH, O and S; and each Y is selected from NH, O, C( ⁇ O), SO 2 , and S.
  • heterocycloalkenyl means a ‘heterocycloalkyl, wherein one bond of the ring is reduced, thus the ring comprises a double bond.
  • heterocycloalkenyl groups are shown in the following illustrative examples:
  • each Z is ⁇ CH— or ⁇ N—; W is selected from —CH 2 —, —NH—, —O— and —S—; and each Y is selected from —NH—, —O—, —C( ⁇ O)—, —SO 2 —, and —S—.
  • Hydrophill refers to the radical —OH.
  • Oxo refers to the radical ⁇ O.
  • Substituted refers to a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are each independently replaced with the same or different substituent(s).
  • “Sulfo’ or ‘sulfonic acid’ refers to a radical such as —SO 3 H.
  • Thiol refers to the group —SH.
  • substituted with one or more refers to one to four substituents. In one embodiment it refers to one to three substituents. In further embodiments it refers to one or two substituents. In a yet further embodiment it refers to one substituent.
  • Thioalkoxy refers to the group —SR 20 where R 20 has the number of carbon atoms specified and particularlyC 1 -C 8 alkyl.
  • Particular thioalkoxy groups are thiomethoxy, thioethoxy, n-thiopropoxy, isothiopropoxy, n-thiobutoxy, tert-thiobutoxy, sec-thiobutoxy, n-thiopentoxy, n-thiohexoxy, and 1,2-dimethylthiobutoxy.
  • Particular thioalkoxy groups are lower thioalkoxy, i.e. with between 1 and 6 carbon atoms. Further particular alkoxy groups have between 1 and 4 carbon atoms.
  • heterocyclic ring may have one to four heteroatoms so long as the heteroaromatic ring is chemically feasible and stable.
  • ‘Pharmaceutically acceptable’ means approved or approvable by a regulatory agency of the Federal or a state government or the corresponding agency in countries other than the United States, or that is listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia or other generally recognized pharmacopoeia for use in animals, and more particularly, in humans.
  • ‘Pharmaceutically acceptable salt’ refers to a salt of a compound of the invention that is pharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound.
  • such salts are non-toxic may be inorganic or organic acid addition salts and base addition salts.
  • such salts include: (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid
  • salts further include, by way of example only, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, and the like; and when the compound contains a basic functionality, salts of non toxic organic or inorganic acids, such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, tartrate, mesylate, acetate, maleate, oxalate and the like.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable cation refers to an acceptable cationic counter-ion of an acidic functional group. Such cations are exemplified by sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium cations, and the like.
  • ‘Pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle’ refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient or carrier with which a compound of the invention is administered.
  • Prodrugs refers to compounds, including derivatives of the compounds of the invention, which have cleavable groups and become by solvolysis or under physiological conditions the compounds of the invention which are pharmaceutically active in vivo. Such examples include, but are not limited to, choline ester derivatives and the like, N-alkylmorpholine esters and the like.
  • Solvate refers to forms of the compound that are associated with a solvent, usually by a solvolysis reaction. This physical association includes hydrogen bonding.
  • Conventional solvents include water, ethanol, acetic acid and the like.
  • the compounds of the invention may be prepared e.g. in crystalline form and may be solvated or hydrated.
  • Suitable solvates include pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, such as hydrates, and further include both stoichiometric solvates and non-stoichiometric solvates. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid.
  • ‘Solvate’ encompasses both solution-phase and isolable solvates.
  • Representative solvates include hydrates, ethanolates and methanolates.
  • Subject includes humans.
  • the terms ‘human’, ‘patient’ and ‘subject’ are used interchangeably herein.
  • Effective amount means the amount of a compound of the invention that, when administered to a subject for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease.
  • the “effective amount” can vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity, and the age, weight, etc., of the subject to be treated.
  • Preventing refers to a reduction in risk of acquiring or developing a disease or disorder (i.e. causing at least one of the clinical symptoms of the disease not to develop in a subject that may be exposed to a disease-causing agent, or predisposed to the disease in advance of disease onset.
  • prophylaxis is related to ‘prevention’, and refers to a measure or procedure the purpose of which is to prevent, rather than to treat or cure a disease.
  • prophylactic measures may include the administration of vaccines; the administration of low molecular weight heparin to hospital patients at risk for thrombosis due, for example, to immobilization; and the administration of an anti-malarial agent such as chloroquine, in advance of a visit to a geographical region where malaria is endemic or the risk of contracting malaria is high.
  • Treating’ or ‘treatment’ of any disease or disorder refers, in one embodiment, to ameliorating the disease or disorder (i.e. arresting the disease or reducing the manifestation, extent or severity of at least one of the clinical symptoms thereof). In another embodiment ‘treating’ or ‘treatment’ refers to ameliorating at least one physical parameter, which may not be discernible by the subject. In yet another embodiment, ‘treating’ or ‘treatment’ refers to modulating the disease or disorder, either physically, (e.g. stabilization of a discernible symptom), physiologically, (e.g. stabilization of a physical parameter), or both. In a further embodiment, “treating” or “treatment” relates to slowing the progression of the disease.
  • inflammatory diseases refers to the group of conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, allergic airway disease (e.g. asthma, rhinitis), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g. Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), endotoxin-driven disease states (e.g. complications after bypass surgery or chronic endotoxin states contributing to e.g. chronic cardiac failure), and related diseases involving cartilage, such as that of the joints.
  • the term refers to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, allergic airway disease (e.g. asthma), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inflammatory bowel diseases.
  • OA osteoarthritis
  • OA osteoarthritis
  • the term ‘diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis’ includes conditions such as osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly, osteoarth
  • Compound(s) of the invention are meant to embrace compounds of the Formula(e) as herein described, which expression includes the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and the solvates, e.g. hydrates, and the solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts where the context so permits.
  • reference to intermediates, whether or not they themselves are claimed, is meant to embrace their salts, and solvates, where the context so permits.
  • Prodrugs include acid derivatives well known to practitioners of the art, such as, for example, esters prepared by reaction of the parent acid with a suitable alcohol, or amides prepared by reaction of the parent acid compound with a substituted or unsubstituted amine, or acid anhydrides, or mixed anhydrides. Simple aliphatic or aromatic esters, amides and anhydrides derived from acidic groups pendant on the compounds of this invention are particularly useful prodrugs.
  • double ester type prodrugs such as (acyloxy)alkyl esters or ((alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)alkylesters.
  • Particular such prodrugs are the C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 6-10 optionally substituted aryl, and (C 6-10 aryl)-(C 1-4 alkyl) esters of the compounds of the invention.
  • an ‘isotopic variant’ of a compound can contain one or more non-radioactive isotopes, such as for example, deuterium ( 2 H or D), carbon-13 ( 13 C), nitrogen-15 ( 15 N), or the like.
  • non-radioactive isotopes such as for example, deuterium ( 2 H or D), carbon-13 ( 13 C), nitrogen-15 ( 15 N), or the like.
  • the invention may include the preparation of isotopic variants with radioisotopes, in the instance for example, where the resulting compounds may be used for drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies.
  • the radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e. 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e. 14 C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection.
  • compounds may be prepared that are substituted with positron emitting isotopes, such as 11 C, 18 F, 15 O and 13 N, and would be useful in Positron Emission Topography (PET) studies for examining substrate receptor occupancy.
  • PET Positron Emission Topography
  • stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed ‘diastereomers’ and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed ‘enantiomers’.
  • a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, it is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible.
  • An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e. as (+) or ( ⁇ )-isomers respectively).
  • a chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a ‘racemic mixture’.
  • Tautomers refer to compounds that are interchangeable forms of a particular compound structure, and that vary in the displacement of hydrogen atoms and electrons. Thus, two structures may be in equilibrium through the movement of ⁇ electrons and an atom (usually H). For example, enols and ketones are tautomers because they are rapidly interconverted by treatment with either acid or base. Another example of tautomerism is the aci- and nitro-forms of phenylnitromethane, that are likewise formed by treatment with acid or base.
  • Tautomeric forms may be relevant to the attainment of the optimal chemical reactivity and biological activity of a compound of interest.
  • the compounds of the invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention is based on the identification of novel hydantoin compounds that may be useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the compounds of the invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS-5.
  • the present invention also provides methods for the production of these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods for inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering the compounds of the invention.
  • a compound of the invention having a Formula (I):
  • R 1 is:
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula II:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3a , R 3b , and Cy are as defined above.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is H.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is Me, Et, Pr, iPr, or tBu.
  • R 1 is Me, or Et.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one R 4 group.
  • R 1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one R 4 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is C 3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl.
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is C 3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one or more independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is C 3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 4 groups.
  • R 1 is C 3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one R 4 group.
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one R 1 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is halo, OH, and CN.
  • R 4 is independently selected from F, Cl, OH, and CN.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 4 is —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CH(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • R 4 is —CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr.
  • R 4 is OMe.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is C 1-4 alkoxy substituted with one C 1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl.
  • R 4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one C 1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl.
  • R 4 is C 1-4 alkoxy substituted with one OMe, OEt, or phenyl.
  • R 4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one OMe, OEt, or phenyl.
  • R 4 is —OCH 2 —CH 2 —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 -Ph.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is C 1-4 thioalkoxy.
  • R 4 is —SCH 3 , or —SCH 2 CH 3 .
  • R 4 is —SCH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O.
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl.
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one or more halo, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one F, Cl, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one F, Cl, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl.
  • R 4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is substituted with one —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is phenyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 4 is —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 , or —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 2 CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —C( ⁇ O)OR 7a , and R 7a is as previously described.
  • R 7a is H.
  • R 7a is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 7a is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu.
  • R 7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH 3 .
  • R 4 is —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —C( ⁇ O)NR 7b R 7c , and each R 7b or R 7c is as previously described.
  • R 7b and R 7c are H.
  • one of R 7b or R 7c is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 7b or R 7c is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7b and R 7c are C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 7b or R 7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, one of R 7b or R 7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy. In yet another more particular embodiment, one of R 7b or R 7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH 3 .
  • R 4 is —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 2 CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 2 CH 2 —OH or —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 2 CH 2 —OCH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —NHC( ⁇ O)OR 7d , and R 7d is as previously described.
  • R 7d is H.
  • R 7d is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 7d is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu.
  • R 7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH 3 .
  • R 4 is —NHC( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —NHC( ⁇ O)OCH 2 CH 3 , or —NHC( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —NHC( ⁇ O)R 7e , and R 7e is as previously described.
  • R 7e is H.
  • R 7e is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 7e is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu.
  • R 7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH 3 .
  • R 4 is —NHC( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —NHC( ⁇ O)CH 2 CH 3 , or —NHC( ⁇ O)C(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 4 is —NR 8a R 8b , and each R 8a or R 8b is as previously described.
  • R 8a and R 8b are H.
  • one of R 8a or R 8b is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 8a or R 8b is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl.
  • R 8a and R 8b are C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 8a or R 8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, one of R 8a or R 8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C 1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl. In yet another more particular embodiment, one of R 8a or R 8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH 3 , or phenyl. In a most particular embodiment, R 4 is —NH 2 , —NHCH 3 , —N(CH 3 ) 2 , —NHCH 2 Phenyl, or —NHCH 2 CH 2 —OCH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl.
  • R 1 is azetidinyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1-4 alkyl, or —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1-4 alkyl, or —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one C 1-4 alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1-4 alkyl, or —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one C 1-4 alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1-4 alkyl, or —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected —CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)CH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected —CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one —C( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , or —C( ⁇ O)OC(CH 3 ) 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is phenyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is phenyl substituted with one or more independently selected R 5 groups. In a particular embodiment, R 1 is phenyl substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R 5 groups. In another particular embodiment, R 1 is phenyl substituted with one R 5 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
  • R 1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more independently selected R 5 groups.
  • R 1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 5 groups.
  • R 1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R 5 groups.
  • R 1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R 5 groups.
  • R 1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one R 5 group.
  • R 1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one R 5 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 5 is halo, OH, or CN.
  • R 5 is F, Cl, OH, or CN.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R 5 is Me, Et, or iPr.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR 9a R 9b , —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d , wherein R 9a , R 9b , R 9c , or R 9d is as previously described.
  • R 5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR 9a R 9b , —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d .
  • R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected halo, —NR 9a R 9b , or —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d .
  • R 5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, —NR 9a R 9b , or —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d .
  • R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one halo, —NR 9a R 9b , or —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d .
  • R 5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one halo, —NR 9a R 9b , or —C( ⁇ O)NR 9c R 9d .
  • each R 9a , R 9b , R 9c , or R 9d is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
  • R 5 is —CF 3 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NHMe, —CH 2 NMe 2 , —CH 2 C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —CH 2 C( ⁇ O)NHMe, or —CH 2 C( ⁇ O)NMe 2 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 5 is —OMe, —OEt, or —OiPr.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkoxy substituted with one —NR 9e R 9f , wherein R 9e are R 9f as previously described.
  • R 5 is —OEt, substituted with one —NR 9e R 9f .
  • each R 9e , and R 9f is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
  • R 5 is —OCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , —OCH 2 CH 2 NHMe, or —OCH 2 CH 2 NMe 2 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R 5 is —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R 5 is —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula IIIa or IIIb:
  • R 2 , R 3a , R 3b , and Cy are as described above.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is H.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is —OH.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 2 is —OMe, —OEt, or —OiPr.
  • R 2 is —OMe.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is Me, Et, or iPr.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, or CN.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one OH, or CN.
  • R 2 is —CH 2 —OH, or —CH 2 —CN.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one C 1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one C 1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl.
  • R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one —OMe, —OEt, each of which is optionally substituted with one phenyl.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one —OMe, —OEt, each of which is optionally substituted with one phenyl.
  • R 2 is —CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , or —CH 2 OCH 2 Phenyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is Me or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula IVa or IVb:
  • R 3a , R 3b , X, and Cy are as described above.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IVb, wherein R 3a , and R 3b are both H.
  • R 3a , and R 3b are both H.
  • one of R 3a and R 3b is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 3a and R 3b is H, and the other is Me, or Et.
  • one of R 3a and R 3b is H, and the other is Me, or Et.
  • one of R 3a and R 3b is H, and the other is Me.
  • R 3a and R 3b are both Me.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula Va, or Vb:
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl.
  • Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl.
  • Cy is phenyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one or more independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one R 6 group.
  • Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one R 6 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
  • Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl.
  • Cy is pyridinyl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R 6 groups.
  • Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one R 6 group.
  • Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one R 6 group.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R 6 is halo, —CN, or —NO 2 .
  • R 6 is F, Cl, —CN, or —NO 2 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R 6 is —CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R 6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, or C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, or C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one halo, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one halo, C 1-4 alkyl, or C 1-4 alkoxy.
  • R 6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, —OMe, or —OEt.
  • R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, —OMe, or —OEt.
  • a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R 6 is —NR 9g R 9h , wherein R 9g and R 9h are as previously described.
  • R 9g and R 9h are both H.
  • R 9g and R 9h are both C 1-4 alkyl.
  • one of R 9g and R 9h is H, and the other is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 6 is —NH 2 , —NHMe, or —NMe 2 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb:
  • each one of R 6 , R 6b and R 6c is independently selected from H, halo, —CN, and —CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein each one of R 6 , R 6b and R 6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH 3 . In a more particular embodiment, each one of R 6 , R 6b and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH 3 .
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein R 6b is H, and each one of R 6a , and R 6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH 3 .
  • R 6b is H, and each one of R 6a , and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH 3 .
  • R 6b is H, and each one of R 6a , and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, and Cl.
  • a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein R 6a is H, and each one of R 6b , and R 6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH 3 .
  • R 6a is H, and each one of R 6b , and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH 3 .
  • R 6a is H, and each one of R 6b , and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, and Cl.
  • a compound of the invention is selected from:
  • a compound of the invention is selected from:
  • a compound of the invention is not an isotopic variant.
  • a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is present as the free base.
  • a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a solvate of the compound.
  • a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound.
  • a compound of the invention may be one for which one or more variables (for example, R groups) is selected from one or more embodiments according to any of the Formula(e) listed above. Therefore, the present invention is intended to include all combinations of variables from any of the disclosed embodiments within its scope.
  • the present invention provides prodrugs and derivatives of the compounds according to the formulae above.
  • Prodrugs are derivatives of the compounds of the invention, which have metabolically cleavable groups and become by solvolysis or under physiological conditions the compounds of the invention, which are pharmaceutically active, in vivo.
  • Such examples include, but are not limited to, choline ester derivatives and the like, N-alkylmorpholine esters and the like.
  • Prodrugs include acid derivatives well known to practitioners of the art, such as, for example, esters prepared by reaction of the parent acid with a suitable alcohol, or amides prepared by reaction of the parent acid compound with a substituted or unsubstituted amine, or acid anhydrides, or mixed anhydrides. Simple aliphatic or aromatic esters, amides and anhydrides derived from acidic groups pendant on the compounds of this invention are preferred prodrugs.
  • double ester type prodrugs such as (acyloxy)alkyl esters or ((alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)alkylesters.
  • Particularly useful are the C 1 to C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, aryl, C 7 -C 12 substituted aryl, and C 7 -C 12 arylalkyl esters of the compounds of the invention.
  • R 1 is:
  • R 4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one or more halo, or —C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 4 is phenyl.
  • R 4 is —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 7a is H.
  • R 7a is C 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. 32.
  • R 7d is selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu.
  • R 4 is —NHC( ⁇ O)R 7e .
  • 39. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 38, wherein R 7e is selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu.
  • R 4 is —NR 8a R 8b . 41.
  • each R 8a or R 8b is independently selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu. 42.
  • R 1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl. 44.
  • R 1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1-4 alkyl, or —C( ⁇ O)OC 1-4 alkyl. 45.
  • R 1 is phenyl. 47.
  • 48. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R 1 is phenyl substituted with one R 5 group.
  • 49. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R 1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S. 50.
  • R 1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R 5 groups.
  • R 2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C 1-4 alkyl. 88.
  • Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl.
  • Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl, substituted with one or more R 6 groups.
  • Cy is phenyl, substituted with one or more R 6 groups.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl.
  • Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more R 6 groups.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one or more R 6 groups. 104.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three R 6 groups.
  • Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three R 6 groups.
  • R 6 is F, Cl, CN, or NO 2 .
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl. 109.
  • R 6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, or C 1-4 alkoxy. 110.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C 1-4 alkyl, or C 1-4 alkoxy. 111.
  • a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R 6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, OMe, or OEt. 112.
  • R 6 is —NR 9g R 9h . 113.
  • each R 9′ or R 9b is independently selected from H, Me, or Et. 114.
  • each one of R 6 , R 6b and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH 3 .
  • 117. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 115, wherein R 6b is H, and each one of R 6a , and R 6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH 3 . 118.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to any one of clauses 1-119.
  • 120. A pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 comprising a further therapeutic agent.
  • 121. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clause 1-119, or a pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 or 121 for use in medicine. 122.
  • the further therapeutic agent is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis.
  • a compound of the invention When employed as a pharmaceutical, a compound of the invention is typically administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition. Such compositions can be prepared in a manner well known in the pharmaceutical art and comprise at least one active compound of the invention according to Formula I. Generally, a compound of the invention is administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. The amount of compound of the invention actually administered will typically be determined by a physician, in the light of the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the actual compound of the invention administered, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of the patient's symptoms, and the like.
  • compositions of this invention can be administered by a variety of routes including oral, rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intra-articular, intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal.
  • routes including oral, rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intra-articular, intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal.
  • a compound of the invention is preferably formulated as either injectable or oral compositions or as salves, as lotions or as patches all for transdermal administration.
  • compositions for oral administration can take the form of bulk liquid solutions or suspensions, or bulk powders. More commonly, however, the compositions are presented in unit dosage forms to facilitate accurate dosing.
  • unit dosage forms refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceutical excipient, vehicle or carrier.
  • Typical unit dosage forms include prefilled, premeasured ampules or syringes of the liquid compositions or pills, tablets, capsules or the like in the case of solid compositions.
  • the compound of the invention according to Formula I is usually a minor component (from about 0.1 to about 50% by weight or preferably from about 1 to about 40% by weight) with the remainder being various vehicles or carriers and processing aids helpful for forming the desired dosing form.
  • Liquid forms suitable for oral administration may include a suitable aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle with buffers, suspending and dispensing agents, colorants, flavors and the like.
  • Solid forms may include, for example, any of the following ingredients, or compound of the inventions of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint or orange flavoring.
  • a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin
  • an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch
  • a lubricant
  • Injectable compositions are typically based upon injectable sterile saline or phosphate-buffered saline or other injectable carriers known in the art.
  • the active compound of the invention according to Formula I in such compositions is typically a minor component, often being from about 0.05 to 10% by weight with the remainder being the injectable carrier and the like.
  • Transdermal compositions are typically formulated as a topical ointment or cream containing the active ingredient(s), generally in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and more preferably from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight.
  • the active ingredients When formulated as an ointment, the active ingredients will typically be combined with either a paraffinic or a water-miscible ointment base. Alternatively, the active ingredients may be formulated in a cream with, for example an oil-in-water cream base.
  • Such transdermal formulations are well-known in the art and generally include additional ingredients to enhance the dermal penetration of stability of the active ingredients or the formulation. All such known transdermal formulations and ingredients are included within the scope of this invention.
  • a compound of the invention can also be administered by a transdermal device. Accordingly, transdermal administration can be accomplished using a patch either of the reservoir or porous membrane type, or of a solid matrix variety.
  • a compound of the invention can also be administered in sustained release forms or from sustained release drug delivery systems.
  • sustained release materials can be found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences.
  • a compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a dry gelatin binder in an approximate 1:2 weight ratio.
  • a minor amount of magnesium stearate may be added as a lubricant.
  • the mixture may be formed into 240-270 mg tablets (80-90 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I per tablet) in a tablet press.
  • a compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a starch diluent in an approximate 1:1 weight ratio.
  • the mixture may be filled into 250 mg capsules (125 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I per capsule).
  • a compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed with sucrose (1.75 g) and xanthan gum (4 mg) and the resultant mixture may be blended, passed through a No. 10 mesh U.S. sieve, and then mixed with a previously made solution of microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (11:89, 50 mg) in water.
  • Sodium benzoate (10 mg) flavor, and color may be diluted with water and added with stirring. Sufficient water may then be added with stirring. Further sufficient water may be then added to produce a total volume of 5 mL.
  • a compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a dry gelatin binder in an approximate 1:2 weight ratio.
  • a minor amount of magnesium stearate may be added as a lubricant.
  • the mixture may be formed into 450-900 mg tablets (150-300 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I) in a tablet press.
  • a compound of the invention according to Formula I may be dissolved or suspended in a buffered sterile saline injectable aqueous medium to a concentration of approximately 5 mg/mL.
  • Stearyl alcohol (250 g) and a white petrolatum (250 g) may be melted at about 75° C. and then a mixture of A compound of the invention according to Formula I (50 g) methylparaben (0.25 g), propylparaben (0.15 g), sodium lauryl sulfate (10 g), and propylene glycol (120 g) dissolved in water (about 370 g) may be added and the resulting mixture may be stirred until it congeals.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in medicine.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and another therapeutic agent.
  • the other therapeutic agent is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
  • this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases.
  • the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases.
  • the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
  • this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with inflammatory diseases, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
  • the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni
  • the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
  • the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly, the diseases involving osteoarthritis,
  • this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
  • the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly the diseases involving degradation
  • Injection dose levels range from about 0.1 mg/kg/h to at least 10 mg/kg/h, all for from about 1 to about 120 h and especially 24 to 96 h.
  • a preloading bolus of from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg or more may also be administered to achieve adequate steady state levels.
  • the maximum total dose is not expected to exceed about 1 g/day for a 40 to 80 kg human patient.
  • the regimen for treatment usually stretches over many months or years so oral dosing is preferred for patient convenience and tolerance.
  • one to four (1-4) regular doses daily especially one to three (1-3) regular doses daily, typically one to two (1-2) regular doses daily, and most typically one (1) regular dose daily are representative regimens.
  • dosage regimen can be every 1-14 days, more particularly 1-10 days, even more particularly 1-7 days, and most particularly 1-3 days.
  • each dose provides from about 1 to about 1000 mg of a compound of the invention, with particular doses each providing from about 10 to about 500 mg and especially about 30 to about 250 mg.
  • Transdermal doses are generally selected to provide similar or lower blood levels than are achieved using injection doses.
  • a compound of the invention When used to prevent the onset of a condition, a compound of the invention will be administered to a patient at risk for developing the condition, typically on the advice and under the supervision of a physician, at the dosage levels described above.
  • Patients at risk for developing a particular condition generally include those that have a family history of the condition, or those who have been identified by genetic testing or screening to be particularly susceptible to developing the condition.
  • a compound of the invention can be administered as the sole active agent or it can be administered in combination with other therapeutic agents, including other compound of the inventions that demonstrate the same or a similar therapeutic activity and that are determined to be safe and efficacious for such combined administration.
  • co-administration of two (or more) agents allows for significantly lower doses of each to be used, thereby reducing the side effects seen.
  • a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention is administered as a medicament.
  • said pharmaceutical composition additionally comprises a further active ingredient.
  • a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a disease involving inflammation
  • agents include, but are not limited to, immunoregulatory agents e.g. azathioprine, corticosteroids (e.g. prednisolone or dexamethasone), cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, mofetil, muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, e.g. Orthocolone®), ATG, aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and piroxicam.
  • immunoregulatory agents e.g. azathioprine, corticosteroids (e.g. prednisolone or dexamethasone), cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, mofetil, muromonab-CD3 (
  • a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of arthritis (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), particular agents include but are not limited to analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), steroids, synthetic DMARDS (for example but without limitation methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, Auranofnm, sodium aurothiomalate, penicillamine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, tofacitinib, baricitinib, fostamatinib, and cyclosporin), and biological DMARDS (for example but without limitation infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, rituximab, and abatacept).
  • analgesics for example but without limitation methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasala
  • a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of SLE
  • particular agents include but are not limited to: human monoclonal antibodies (belimumab (Benlysta)), Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as antimalarials (e.g. plaquenil, hydroxychloroquine), immunosuppressants (e.g. methotrexate and azathioprine), cyclophosphamide and mycophenolic acid, immunosuppressive drugs and analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opiates (e.g. dextropropoxyphene and co-codamol), opioids (e.g. hydrocodone, oxycodone, MS Contin, or methadone) and the fentanyl duragesic transdermal patch.
  • DMARDs Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
  • antimalarials e.g. plaquen
  • a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of psoriasis
  • particular agents include but are not limited to: topical treatments such as bath solutions, moisturizers, medicated creams and ointments containing coal tar, dithranol (anthralin), corticosteroids like desoximetasone (TopicortTM), fluocinonide, vitamin D3 analogues (for example, calcipotriol), argan oil and retinoids (etretinate, acitretin, tazarotene), systemic treatments such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, retinoids, tioguanine, hydroxyurea, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, tacrolimus, fumaric acid esters or biologics such as AmeviveTM, EnbrelTM, HumiraTM, Remicade
  • any means of delivering two or more therapeutic agents to the patient as part of the same treatment regime is included any means of delivering two or more therapeutic agents to the patient as part of the same treatment regime, as will be apparent to the skilled person.
  • the two or more agents may be administered simultaneously in a single formulation, i.e. as a single pharmaceutical composition, this is not essential.
  • the agents may be administered in different formulations and at different times.
  • the compound of the invention can be prepared from readily available starting materials using the following general methods and procedures. It will be appreciated that where typical or preferred process conditions (i.e. reaction temperatures, times, mole ratios of reactants, solvents, pressures, etc.) are given, other process conditions can also be used unless otherwise stated. Optimum reaction conditions may vary with the particular reactants or solvent used, but such conditions can be determined by one skilled in the art by routine optimization procedures.
  • a compound of the invention may be prepared from known or commercially available starting materials and reagents by one skilled in the art of organic synthesis.
  • Electrospray MS spectra are obtained on a Waters platform LC/MS spectrometer or with Waters Acquity UPLC with Waters Acquity PDA detector and SQD mass spectrometer.
  • MeCN/H 2 O gradients MeCN and H 2 O contain either 0.1% Formic Acid or 0.1% Diethylamine.
  • Chiral HPLC analysis are obtained from a Waters 2690 Alliance HPLC system. Microwave heating is performed with a Biotage Initiator. Optical rotation was determined on a Dr. Kernchen Propol digital automatic polarimeter.
  • N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), bromoderivative (0.5-2 eq.), BINAP (0.042-0.12 eq.), NaOtBu (0.7-1.4 eq.) and toluene.
  • the reaction mixture is degassed with N 2 and Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.021-0.06 eq.) is added.
  • Reaction mixture is heated at 90-110° C. for 2 h-20 h.
  • the reaction mixture is quenched by addition of water or saturated NaHCO 3 solution, extracted with DCM or EtOAc.
  • reaction mixture is degassed with N 2 and Pd 2 (dba) 3 (5.14 g, 0.006 mol, 0.015 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is stirred at 110° C. for 2.5 h, quenched with water and EtOAc, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected N-Boc-arylpiperazine.
  • LCMS MW (calcd): 312; m/z MW (obsd): 313 (M+H).
  • G 1 H, C or F
  • a vial is charged with arylchloride derivative (1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 to 1.6 eq.), a base (Et 3 N or DIPEA, 1 to 3 eq.) and a solvent (DCM, DMF, THF or MeCN).
  • the reaction mixture is heated (60° C.-120° C.) for 1.5 h to 5 days.
  • the appropriate work up concentration in vacuo or aqueous work up extracting with EtOAc followed by purification by flash chromatography on silica gel affords the expected arylpiperazine.
  • a vial is charged with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (3.55 g, 23.83 mmol, 1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (5 g, 25.02 mmol, 1.05 eq.), Et 3 N (3.35 mL, 23.83 mmol, 1 eq.) and CH 3 CN (70 mL).
  • the reaction mixture is heated at 120° C. for 1.5 h, concentrated in vacuo and the residue is taken up in EtOAC, washed with a saturated NH 4 C1 solution, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo.
  • N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (632 mg, 2.88 mmol, 1 eq.) is stirred in HCl 4N in dioxane (6 mL) at room temperature for 3 hours.
  • the reaction mixture is diluted with water, a solution of saturated NaHCO 3 is added and the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM several times. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product.
  • LCMS MW (calcd): 194; m/z MW (obsd): 195 (M+H).
  • a vial is charged with arylfluoride derivative (1 eq.), piperazine (2-8 eq.), K 2 CO 3 (1.5-2.6 eq.) and a solvent (dioxane, DMSO).
  • the reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. for 1-3 days, diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc or DCM.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 or MgSO 4 ), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine used without further purification.
  • a glass pressure flask is charged with the carboxylic acid (1 eq.), DCM and concentrated H 2 SO 4 (0.1 eq.). It is capped and weighted as such. It is then cooled to ⁇ 45° C., the flask is opened and isobutene is bubbled through the cold reaction mixture for approximately 5 min. The flask is capped and weighted. The process is repeated until the expected weigh of isobutene is obtained (5 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 days, then the flask is cooled to ⁇ 45° C. prior to opening. A saturated NaHCO 3 solution is added portionwise, and the vigorous stirring kept for 30 min. The organic layer is separated; the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 and concentrated in vacuo (with a minimum vacuum of 50 mbar) to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoester.
  • a glass pressure flask is charged with 2-Methyl-4-oxo-hexanoic acid (Kato et al., 2003) (7.3 g, 50.6 mmol, 1 eq.), DCM (40 mL) and concentrated H 2 SO 4 (270 ⁇ L, 5.06 mmol, 0.1 eq.).
  • the flask is capped and weighted as such. It is then cooled to ⁇ 45° C., the flask is opened and isobutene is bubbled through the cold reaction mixture for approximately 5 min. The flask is capped and weighted (11 g of isobutene is condensed).
  • the process is repeated until the expected weight of isobutene is obtained (14.2 g, 253.2 mmol, 5 eq.).
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 days, then the flask is cooled to ⁇ 45° C. prior to opening.
  • a saturated NaHCO 3 solution is added portionwise, and the vigorous stirring kept for 30 min.
  • the organic layer is separated; the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 and concentrated in vacuo (with a minimum vacuum of 50 mbar) to afford the expected product.
  • a vial is charged with aldehyde (1 eq.), tert-butyl ester acrylate (1 eq.), P(Bu) 3 (1 eq.) and dry THF.
  • the vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h to 16 h.
  • the reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoester after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
  • tert-butyl ester acrylate (0.3 mL, 0.25 eq.) is added and this process (heating 3 h and addition of tert-butyl ester acrylate) is repeated until no evolution is observed by TLC (EtOAc) and UPLC/MS.
  • the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo and the residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 0/100) to afford the expected product.
  • LCMS MW (calcd): 238; m/z MW (obsd): 239 (M+H).
  • a sealed tube is charged with the epoxide obtained in the previous step (0.19 g, 1.02 mmol, 1 eq.), EtOH (3 mL) and morpholine (0.134 mL, 1.53 mmol, 1.5 eq.). After heating at reflux for 3 h30, the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in DCM, washed with a saturated NH 4 C1 solution, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected aminoalcohol used in next step without further purification.
  • a vial is charged with aldehyde (1 eq.), acrylamide (0.95 eq.), P(Bu) 3 (1 eq.) and dry THF.
  • the vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h to 3 h.
  • the reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoamide after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
  • a vial is charged with 3-Methyl-benzaldehyde (0.141 mL, 0.1.2 mmol, 1 eq.), Int 005 (0.300 g, 1.2 mmol, 1 eq.), P(Bu) 3 (0.242 mL, 1.2 mmol, 1 eq.) and dry THF (2 mL).
  • the vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h.
  • Additional P(Bu) 3 (15 ⁇ L, 0.05 eq.) and 3-Methyl-benzaldehyde (10 ⁇ L, 0.1 eq.) is added, and the vial is capped and heated at 80° C. for 2 h.
  • the reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water.
  • a vial is charged with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate (0.10 eq.), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (0.10 eq.), dry DCM and sealed with a septum.
  • the flask is evacuated and refilled with H 2 (3 times) and the reaction mixture is stirred under an atmosphere of H 2 . After 3 h, volatiles are removed under a nitrogen stream. The residue is combined with acrylamide (1 eq.), aldehyde (1.5 equiv.) and 1,2-dichloroethane in a vial under a N 2 atmosphere.
  • the vial is sealed with a cap and heated at 100° C. After 16 h, the mixture is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoamide.
  • a vial is charged with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate (0.054 g, 0.132 mmol, 0.10 eq.), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (0.056 g, 0.132 mmol, 0.10 eq.), dry DCM (2 mL) and sealed with a septum.
  • the flask is evacuated and refilled with H 2 (3 times) and the reaction mixture is stirred under an atmosphere of H 2 . After 3 h, volatiles are removed under a nitrogen stream.
  • a vial is charged with aldehyde (3 eq.) and dry DMF. NaCN (1.5 eq) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 min.
  • a solution of acrylamide (1 eq.) in dry DMF is added, the vial is sealed and heated at 120° C. for 3 h30 and cooled to r.t.
  • a saturated NaHCO 3 solution and water are added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc.
  • the combined organic layer are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoamide.
  • a vial is charged with pyridine-4-carbaldehyde (0.227 g, 2.12 mmol, 3 eq.) and dry DMF (4 mL). NaCN (0.052 g, 1.06 mmol, 1.5 eq) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 min.
  • a solution of Int 006 (0.200 g, 0.71 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry DMF (2 mL) is added, the vial is sealed and heated at 120° C. for 3 h30 and cooled to r.t. A saturated NaHCO 3 solution and water are added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc.
  • a vial is charged with alkene (1 eq.), a mixture of dioxane/water or THF/water and OsO 4 (0.01-0.06 eq.). After 15 min, NaIO 4 (2-4 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h to 20 h, combined with water or a solution of NaHSO 3 and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoamide.
  • a vial is charged with alkene Int 124 (4.95 g, 15.1 mmol, 1 eq.), a mixture of dioxane (100 mL) and water (20 mL), and OsO 4 (2.5 wt % in t-BuOH, 2.8 mL, 223 mmol, 0.015 eq.). After 15 min, a solution of NaIO 4 (6.61 g, 30.9 mmol, 2 eq.) in water (150 mL) is added dropwise over 10 minutes, and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, combined with water (600 mL) and extracted with CHCl 3 (250 mL).
  • Amino ester obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) is heated at 80° C. with an excess of 1M solution of NaOH for 2 to 3 h. After complete hydrolysis (followed by HPLC/MS), the reaction mixture is acidified and evaporated to dryness and the crude amino acid is used as such in next step or triturated in DMF to remove salts.
  • Amino ester obtained in the previous step (1.75 g crude assumed as 4.78 mmol, 1 eq.) is heated at 80° C. with an excess of 1M solution of NaOH (15 mL, 15 mmol, 3 eq.) for 2 h. After complete hydrolysis (followed by HPLC/MS), the reaction mixture is acidified and evaporated to dryness and the crude amino acid is used as such.
  • a vial is charged with bromide derivative (1 eq.), Xphos (0.06-0.018 eq.), Pd(OAc) 2 (0.03-0.09 eq.), Cs 2 CO 3 (4-5 eq.), [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (3 eq.), THF and water.
  • the reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. until completion is observed by UPLC/MS (6-8 days).
  • Additions of Xphos, Pd(OAc) 2 , Cs 2 CO 3 and [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt are performed every 24 h to reach a good level of conversion.
  • a saturated NaHCO 3 solution is added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected functionalized ⁇ -
  • a vial is charged with Int 118 (300 mg, 0.69 mmol, 1 eq.), Xphos (59 mg, 0.0124 mmol, 0.018 eq.), Pd(OAc) 2 (14 mg, 0.062 mmol, 0.09 eq.), Cs 2 CO 3 (1.12 g, 3.44 mmol, 5 eq.), [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (262 mg, 2.07 mmol, 3 eq.), THF (2.3 mL) and water (0.6 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. for 2 days.
  • a Dean-Starck apparatus is loaded with ⁇ -ketoamide (1 eq.) in toluene, ethylene glycol (1.2 to 1.4 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (0.06 to 0.2 eq.).
  • the reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 2 h to 4 h.
  • a solution of NaOH 0.1N and EtOAc are added, the organic layer is separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected dioxolane. This residue is either purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or used as such in next step.
  • Step i) 1-[(S)-4-(3-Fluoro-phen-3-methyl-piperazin-yl]-3-(2-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
  • a Dean-Starck apparatus is loaded with Int 122 (1 g, 3.4 mmol, 1 eq.), toluene (50 mL), ethylene glycol (220 ⁇ L, 3.9 mmol, 1.2 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (100 mg, 0.58 mmol, 0.17 eq.).
  • the reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 2 h.
  • a solution of NaOH 0.1N and EtOAc are added, the organic layer is separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected dioxolane used as such in next step.
  • LCMS MW (calcd): 336; m/z MW (obsd): 337 (M+H).
  • Step ii) 1-[(S)-4-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxymethyl-3-(2-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
  • a pressure reactor or an open round bottom flask equipped with a condenser is charged with a solution of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 or (NH 4 )HCO 3 (8-12 eq.) in water.
  • KCN (2 to 4 eq.) is added portionwise then a solution of ⁇ -ketoester or ⁇ -ketoamide (1 eq.) in EtOH is added.
  • the vessel is sealed and heated at 60-90° C. for 1 h to 2 days.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with AcOEt or CHCl 3 /nBuOH 10%.
  • a pressure reactor is charged with a solution of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 (79.4 g, 0.826 mol, 8 eq.) in water (400 mL).
  • KCN (20 g, 0.307 mol, 3 eq.) is added portionwise then a solution of ⁇ -ketoester (19.15 g, 0.103 mol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (400 mL) is added.
  • the vessel is sealed and heated at 90° C. overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with CHCl 3 /nBuOH 10%.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo.
  • a pressure reactor is charged with (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 (0.645 g, 6.71 mmol, 10 eq.), KCN (0.175 g, 2.69 mmol, 4 eq.), Int 046 (0.248 g, 0.671 mmol, 1 eq.), EtOH (4 mL) and water (4 mL).
  • the vessel is sealed and heated at 60° C. for 40 h.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with DCM.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo.
  • a vial is loaded with bromo derivative (1 eq.), bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.2 eq.), KOAc (3 eq.) and dioxane degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected boronic ester.
  • a vial is loaded with the boronic ester obtained in the previous step (1 eq.), aryl halide (1.1 to 1.2 eq.), Na 2 CO 3 (3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (9/1) degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.05 to 0.2 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight.
  • the reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc.
  • the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative HPLC to afford the expected compound.
  • a vial is loaded with Cpd 270 (90 mg, 0.200 mmol, 1 eq.), bis(pinacolato)diboron (61 mg, 0.240 mmol, 1.2 eq.), KOAc (59 mg, 0.601 mmol, 3 eq.) and dioxane (2 mL) degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) (7 mg, 0.010 mmol, 0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc.
  • Step ii) S-Cyclopropyl-5- ⁇ 3-[(S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyrazin-2-yl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl ⁇ -imidazolidine-2, 4-dione
  • a vial is loaded with the boronic ester obtained in the previous step (86 mg, 0.173 mmol, 1 eq.), iodopyrazine (39 mg, 0.191 mmol, 1.1 eq.), Na 2 CO 3 (100 mg, 0.520 mmol, 3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (2.5 mL, 9/1) degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) (7 mg, 0.009 mmol, 0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc.
  • a vial is loaded with bromo derivative (1 eq.), boronic acid or boronic ester (1.3 to 2 eq.), Na 2 CO 3 (3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (9/1) degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) (0.05 to 0.2 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. for 3 h to 20 h.
  • the reaction mixture is quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc.
  • the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried (filtration over hydrophobic column or anhydrous MgSO 4 ), concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative HPLC to afford the expected compound.
  • a vial is loaded with Cpd 270 (100 mg, 0.223 mmol, 1 eq.), pyridine-4-boronic acid (55 mg, 0.445 mmol, 2 eq.), Na 2 CO 3 (128 mg, 0.668 mmol, 3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (2 mL, 9/1) degassed with N 2 .
  • PdCl 2 (dppf) 36 mg, 0.045 mmol, 0.2 eq.
  • the reaction mixture is quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc.
  • a vial is charged with Cpd 188 (1.61 g, 3.2 mmol, 1 eq.), dioxane (5 mL) and HCl 4N in dioxane (5 mL). The reaction is heated at 80° C.
  • reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 4 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Hexanes/EtOAc 70/30 to 30/70) to afford the expected ⁇ -ketoester.
  • Step i) (4-(3-[4-(4-Chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl)-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)-acetic acid
  • the carboxylic acid (18 mg, 0.04 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridinium-3-oxyde hexafluorophosphate (18 mg, 0.05 mmol, 1.1 eq.) are stirred in DMF (0.5 mL) at r.t. After 30 min, ethanolamine (2.6 ⁇ L, 0.04 mmol, 1.0 eq.) is added; the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h, then diluted with water and extracted 3 times with DCM.
  • DMF 0.5 mL
  • ethanolamine 2.6 ⁇ L, 0.04 mmol, 1.0 eq.
  • Cpd 007 is purified by chiral HPLC using the following conditions:
  • Cpd 191 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
  • Cpd 191 is dissolved in iPrOH (7 vol) and DCM (3 vol) (approximately 50 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 ⁇ l which equates to loading of 75 mg on column per injection. This purification affords the expected product as a single enantiomer.
  • Cpd 405 is purified by SFC the following conditions:
  • Cpd 405 is dissolved in iPrOH (2 vol) and acetonitrile (1 vol) (approximately 4.5 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 ⁇ L which equates to loading of 6.75 mg on column per injection. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 265 as a single enantiomer.
  • Cpd 406 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
  • Cpd 406 is dissolved in EtOH (70 mL) (approximately 20 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 ⁇ L which equates to loading of 30 mg on column per injection, total number of stacks: 49. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 331 as a single enantiomer.
  • Step ii) 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxy-butane-1,4-dione and 2-Cyclopropanecarbonyl-4-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-ethoxy-4-oxo-butyric acid benzyl ester
  • a vial is charged with Int 149 (127 mg, 0.44 mmol, 1.0 eq), the J-keto ester from step i) (189 mg, 0.90 mmol, 2.0 eq), and DCM (2 mL). After 16 h, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is combined with Pd(OH) 2 /C (20%) (81 mg, 0.12 mmol, 0.26 eq), ethanol (8 mL), and cyclohexene (2.0 mL, 20 mmol, 45 eq.) in a round bottomed flask, and heated at reflux. After 1 h, the mixture is filtered through a plug of clarcel on a fritted funnel. Volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1:9), to afford compound Int 053.
  • step iii) A round bottom flask is charged with the aldehyde synthesized in step iii) (3.72 g, 12.9 mmol, 1.0 eq), the ⁇ -keto ester from step i) (7.10 g, 32.5 mmol, 2.5 eq), and DCM (10 mL) and left open to the air. After 16 h, volatiles were removed via rotary evaporation.
  • Step ii) 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-butane-1,4-dione (Int 056)
  • step i) The intermediate from step i) is stirred with MeOH (20 mL), Pd(OH) 2 /C (10%) (45 mg, 0.032 mmol, 0.10 eq), and cyclohexene (4 mL, 39.5 mmol, 120 eq.) in a round bottom flask, and heated to reflux. After 2 h, the mixture is filtered through filter paper. Volatiles are removed from the filtrate via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel, and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1:9) to afford Int 056.
  • step i) The crude from step i) is stirred in THF/MeOH (1/1) (14 mL). Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (445 mg, 2.04 mmol, 3 eq) is added, and the mixture is stirred under reflux for 18 h. The organic solvents are removed, and the crude is purified by flash chromatography (DCM/Et 2 O 100/0 to 0/100 and then DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected intermediate.
  • LCMS MW (calcd): 472; m/z MW (obsd): 472-474-476 (M+H).
  • racemic hydantoin propionic acid is separated by SFC to afford a fast eluting isomer ((R)-enantiomer) and a slow eluting isomer ((S)-enantiomer).
  • the purification is done in 2 stages.
  • racemic 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propionic acid (805 g) is separated by SFC to afford 384 g of the faster eluting isomer and 388 g of the slower eluting isomer.
  • a vial is charged with 1,6-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione (47.4 mg, 0.30 mmol, 1 eq), Int 313 (79 mg, 0.29 mmol, 0.95 eq), dry dioxane (2 mL), and triethyl amine (0.2 mL, 1.4 mmol, 4.7 eq).
  • the mixture is combined with DCM (100 mL) and aqueous H 3 PO 4 /NaH 2 PO 4 (1M, 100 mL) in a separation funnel.
  • the organic phase is collected, washed with brine (100 mL), and dried over MgSO 4 . After filtration, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation to give the expected product which is used in the following step without further purification.
  • a pressure vessel is charged with the acid synthesized in step i) (0.92 mol), DCM (10 mL), and cooled in a NaCl/ice bath ( ⁇ 20° C.).
  • Isobutene (3.06 g, 54.5 mmol, 59 eq) is condensed into the cold solution, and concentrated H 2 SO 4 (0.1 mL, 1.8 mmol, 2.0 eq) is added.
  • the vessel is hermetically sealed, and then the cold bath is removed. After 16 h, the vessel is cooled in a NaCl/ice bath ( ⁇ 20° C.), and opened.
  • Et 3 N (1.0 mL, 7.2 mmol, 7.8 eq) is added, and the cold bath is removed.
  • Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (393 ⁇ L, 2.7 mmol, 2.0 eq.) is added slowly to a solution of 5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl alcohol (200 mg, 1.4 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in DCM (2 mL) at 0° C.
  • the reaction mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. for 1 h45.
  • the reaction mixture is concentrated to dryness and taken up in DCM.
  • a saturated NaHCO 3 solution is cautiously added and the layers are separated.
  • the combined organic layers are washed 3 times with water, dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product which is used as such in the next step.
  • Cpd 432 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
  • Cpd 432 (1.372 g) is dissolved in EtOH (70 mL) (approximately 20 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 ⁇ L which equates to loading of 30 mg on column per injection, total number of stacks: 49. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 455 as a single enantiomer.
  • 016 1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5-[2- methoxyethyl (methyl)amino] pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 130 + 1-(3- chloro- phenyl) piperazine 382 N.A.
  • 017 1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- morpholino- pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 131 + 1-(3-chloro- phenyl) piperazine 380 N.A.
  • 032 1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(o- tolyl)piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 300 N.A.
  • 033 1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 335 N.A.
  • 037 1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(3-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]butane-1,4- dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 318 N.A.
  • 038 1-[4-(3-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 355 N.A.
  • 046 4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 001 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 369 369- 371 047 4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- butane-1,4-dione D2b Int 011 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 332 333 048 1-[4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- pentane-1,4-dione D2b Int 011 + acetaldehyde 306 307 049 4-cyclopropyl-1- [(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-
  • the basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 5(6)-Fluorescein-NH-AELQGRPISIAK-5(6)-TAMRA (SEQ ID No 1) by human ADAMTS1
  • the reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 5(6)-Fluorescein-NH-AELQGRPISIAK-5(6)-TAMRA (SEQ ID No 1) (10 ⁇ L, 7 ⁇ M, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
  • the basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5-FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH 2 ) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS4

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Abstract

The present invention discloses compounds according to Formula I:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00001
Wherein R1, R2, R3a, R3b, and Cy are as defined herein.
The present invention relates to compounds inhibiting ADAMTS, methods for their production, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of treatment using the same, for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering a compound of the invention.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 National Phase of PCT Application No. PCT/EP2015/080430 filed Dec. 18, 2015, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. 14307129.8 filed Dec. 22, 2014, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to hydantoin compounds, and their use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In a particular aspect, the present compounds are ADAMTS inhibitors, and more particularly ADAMTS-5. The present invention also provides methods for the production of a compound of the invention, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, methods for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering a compound of the invention.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cartilage is an avascular tissue of which chondrocytes are the main cellular component. One of the functional roles of cartilage in the joint is to allow bones to articulate on each other smoothly. Loss of articular cartilage, therefore, causes the bones to rub against each other leading to pain and loss of mobility, and is the hallmark of various diseases, among which rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are the most prominent.
The chondrocytes in normal articular cartilage occupy approximately 5% of the tissue volume, while the extra-cellular matrix makes up the remaining 95% of the tissue. The chondrocytes secrete the components of the matrix, mainly proteoglycans (including aggrecan) and collagens, which in turn supply the chondrocytes with an environment suitable for their survival under mechanical stress. Collagen type II, together with collagen type IX, is arranged in solid fibril-like structures, and provides cartilage with high mechanical strength properties, whereas aggrecan and other proteoglycans can absorb water and provide the resilient and shock-absorbing properties of the cartilage.
Under physiological conditions, cartilage homeostasis is maintained by a balance between the production (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of aggrecan and collagen. However, in OA and other joint disorders, this balance shifts toward catabolism. Loss of aggrecan occurs early in the onset of cartilage destruction, initially at the joint surface then spreading more deeply at more advanced stages (Pond and Nuki, 1973).
Osteoarthritis (also referred to as OA, or wear-and-tear arthritis) is the most common form of arthritis and is characterized by loss of articular cartilage, often associated with the subchondral bone remodelling and pain. The disease mainly affects hands, spine and weight-bearing joints such as knees, and hips. During the disease process, the cartilage progressively deteriorates, which can be graded. At more advanced stages, the deeper layers of cartilage are affected, leading to calcification and exposure of the subchondral bone (Wieland et al., 2005).
The clinical manifestations of the development of the osteoarthritis condition include: increased volume of the joint, pain, crepitation and functional disability that lead to pain and reduced mobility of the joints. When disease further develops, pain at rest emerges. If the condition persists without correction and/or therapy, the joint is destroyed leading to disability.
Osteoarthritis is difficult to treat. At present, no cure is available and treatment focuses on relieving pain and preventing the affected joint from becoming deformed. Common treatments are currently limited to steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), which provide symptomatic relief for pain and inflammation but do not arrest or slow down the progression of the disease (Mobasheri, 2013).
Therapeutic methods for the correction of the articular cartilage lesions that appear during the osteoarthritic disease have been developed, but so far none of them have been able to slow down the disease progression or to promote the regeneration of articular cartilage in situ and in vivo.
Although some dietary supplements as chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate have been advocated as safe and effective options for the treatment of osteoarthritis, a clinical trial revealed that both treatments did not reduce pain associated to osteoarthritis (Clegg et al., 2006).
In severe cases, joint replacement may be necessary. This is especially true for hips and knees. If a joint is extremely painful and cannot be replaced, it may be fused. This procedure stops the pain, but results in the permanent loss of joint function, making walking and bending difficult.
Another possible treatment is the transplantation of cultured autologous chondrocytes. Here chondral cellular material is taken from the patient, sent to a laboratory where it is expanded. The material is then implanted in the damaged tissues to cover the tissue's defects.
Yet another treatment includes the intra-articular instillation of Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc, Hyalgan, Artz etc.), a substance that improves temporarily the rheology of the synovial fluid, producing an almost immediate sensation of free movement and a marked reduction of pain.
Other methods include application of tendinous, periosteal, facial, muscular or perichondral grafts; implantation of fibrin or cultured chondrocytes; implantation of synthetic matrices, such as collagen, carbon fiber, and administration of electromagnetic fields. All of these have reported minimal and incomplete effects, resulting in a poor quality tissue that can neither support the weighted load nor allow the restoration of an articular function with normal movement.
The ADAMTS family of secreted zinc metalloproteinases includes nineteen members that are known to bind and degrade extra cartilage matrix (ECM) components (Shiomi et al., 2010). Several members of the ADAMTS family have been found to cleave aggrecan, the major proteoglycan component of cartilage: ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -8, -9, -15, -16 and -18. Since the expression and/or aggrecanase degrading activity of ADAMTS-1, -8, -9, -15, -16 and -18 are quite low, ADAMTS-4 (aggrecanase-1) and ADAMTS-5 (aggrecanase-2) are believed to be the two major functional aggrecanases (Tortorella and Malfait, 2008).
ADAMTS-5 was identified in 1999 (Abbaszade et al., 1999). In 2005 two independent groups identified ADAMTS-5 as the principal aggrecanase in mouse cartilage (Glasson et al., 2005; Stanton et al., 2005). Proteolysis of aggrecan by ADAMTS-5 occurs at different sites: however cleavage at the Glu373-Ala374 bond (aggrecan IGD) is likely more important in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis since a loss of integrity at this bond results in the loss of an entire aggrecan molecule, which is highly detrimental to cartilage integrity and function (Little et al., 2007).
Studies in genetically engineered mouse models (GeMMs) have demonstrated that ADAMTS-5 ablation protects against cartilage damage and aggrecan loss after osteoarthritis induction through surgical instability of the medial meniscus (DMM) (Glasson et al., 2005). Moreover in the DMM model ADAMTS-5 knock-out mice showed reduced subchondral bone changes (Botter et al., 2009) and did not develop osteoarthritis-associated mechanical allodynia (Malfait et al., 2010). Besides preclinical evidence, clinical evidence also indicates the importance of and interest in ADAMTS-5 as a target for osteoarthritis. Recently, studies with an antibody targeting ADAMTS-5 (Chiusaroli et al., 2013) have been reported. ELISA's have been developed allowing the measurement of aggrecanase-derived cartilage neo-epitope levels in the synovial fluid as well as blood from rodents to human. This method revealed increased levels of ADAMTS-5 derived neo-epitope levels in the joints of rats in which cartilage degradation was induced by meniscal tear as well as in joints of osteoarthritis patients, thereby providing further translational evidence for the importance of this protease in the development of osteoarthritis (Chockalingam et al., 2011; Larsson et al., 2014).
These findings provide strong evidence for a central role of ADAMTS-5 in osteoarthritis pathology as a key target and an ADAMTS-5 inhibitor capable to reach the joint cartilage at sufficient levels is expected to exert a protective effect on cartilage in osteoarthritic patients.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute another family of 23 zinc metalloproteinases with many structural elements in common with ADAMTS family members (Georgiadis and Yiotakis, 2008). Clinical studies on broad spectrum MMP inhibitors in oncology revealed that inhibition of particular MMPs was associated with poorer prognosis and undesirable side effects. In particular, MMP8 and MMP12 have been categorized as antitargets based on in vivo animal studies (Dufour and Overall, 2013). Therefore, there is a need for selective ADAMTS, and in particular ADAMTS-5 inhibitors without affecting the activity of structurally related MMPs, and more particularly MMP-8 and -12.
Therefore the identification of novel inhibitors of ADAMTS, in particular ADAMTS-5, could provide desirable tools for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving cartilage degradation, in particular osteoarthritis, and/or rheumatoid arthritis.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide compounds and their use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In particular the compounds of the present invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS, and more particularly ADAMTS-5.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on the identification of novel hydantoin compounds that may be useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In a particular aspect, the compounds of the invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS-5. The present invention also provides methods for the production of these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods for treating inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering the compounds of the invention.
Accordingly, in a first aspect of the invention, a compound of the invention is provided having a Formula (I):
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00002
wherein
R1 is:
    • H,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • phenyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups,
    • phenyl fused to a 5-6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more ═O, or
    • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups;
      R2 is independently selected from:
    • H,
    • OH,
    • C1-4 alkoxy, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one
      • OH,
      • CN,
      • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl, or
      • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl;
        each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from:
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl;
      Cy is
    • 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups;
      R4 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl,
    • C1-4 thioalkoxy,
    • 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • phenyl,
    • —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl,
    • —C(═O)OR7a,
    • —C(═O)NR7bR7c,
    • —NHC(═O)OR7d,
    • —NHC(═O)R7e, or
    • —NR8aR8b;
      each R5 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one —NR9eR9f, or
    • —S(O)2C1-4 alkyl;
      each R6 is
    • halo,
    • —CN,
    • —NO2,
    • —CH3,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy, or
    • —NR9gR9h;
      each R7a, R7b, R7c, R7d, or R7e is
    • H, or
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy;
      each R8a, or R8b is independently selected from
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl;
      each R9a, R9b, R9c, R9d, R9e, R9f, R9g, and R9h is independently selected from H, and C1-4 alkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a solvate thereof;
      provided that:
    • R1 and R2 are not simultaneously H, and
    • when R1 is Me, then Cy is not
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00003
In a particular aspect, the compounds of the invention may exhibit selectivity towards the ADAMTS protease family, in particular towards the ADAMTS-5. In a further particular aspect, the compounds of the invention may show low activity on MMP family members, in particular MMP8 and/or MMP12. Such selectivity may result in improved drug safety and/or reduce off-target associated risks. In another more particular embodiment, the compounds of the invention surprisingly exhibit activity against ADAMTS-5 compared to structurally related close analogues.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and a pharmaceutical carrier, excipient or diluent. In a particular aspect, the pharmaceutical composition may additionally comprise further therapeutically active ingredients suitable for use in combination with the compounds of the invention. In a more particular aspect, the further therapeutically active ingredient is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
Moreover, the compounds of the invention, useful in the pharmaceutical compositions and treatment methods disclosed herein, are pharmaceutically acceptable as prepared and used.
In a further aspect of the invention, this invention provides a method of treating a mammal, in particular humans, afflicted with a condition selected from among those listed herein, and particularly inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which method comprises administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition or compounds of the invention as described herein.
The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and a suitable pharmaceutical carrier, excipient or diluent for use in medicine. In a particular aspect, the pharmaceutical composition is for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
In a particular aspect, the compounds of the invention are provided for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis.
In additional aspects, this invention provides methods for synthesizing the compounds of the invention, with representative synthetic protocols and pathways disclosed later on herein.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the ensuing detailed description.
It will be appreciated that compounds of the invention may be metabolized to yield biologically active metabolites.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions
The following terms are intended to have the meanings presented therewith below and are useful in understanding the description and intended scope of the present invention.
When describing the invention, which may include compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods of using such compounds and compositions, the following terms, if present, have the following meanings unless otherwise indicated. It should also be understood that when described herein any of the moieties defined forth below may be substituted with a variety of substituents, and that the respective definitions are intended to include such substituted moieties within their scope as set out below. Unless otherwise stated, the term “substituted” is to be defined as set out below. It should be further understood that the terms “groups” and “radicals” can be considered interchangeable when used herein.
The articles “a” and “an” may be used herein to refer to one or to more than one (i.e. at least one) of the grammatical objects of the article. By way of example “an analogue” means one analogue or more than one analogue.
‘Alkyl’ means straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon with the number of carbon atoms specified. Particular alkyl groups have 1 to 8 carbon atoms. More particular is lower alkyl which has 1 to 6 carbon atoms. A further particular group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Exemplary straight chained groups include methyl, ethyl n-propyl, and n-butyl. Branched means that one or more lower alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl is attached to a linear alkyl chain, exemplary branched chain groups include isopropyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl and isoamyl.
‘Alkoxy’ refers to the group —OR20 where R20 is alkyl with the number of carbon atoms specified. Particular alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, and 1,2-dimethylbutoxy. Particular alkoxy groups are lower alkoxy, i.e. with between 1 and 6 carbon atoms. Further particular alkoxy groups have between 1 and 4 carbon atoms.
‘Alkylene’ refers to divalent alkene radical groups having the number of carbon atoms specified, in particular having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and more particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms which can be straight-chained or branched. This term is exemplified by groups such as methylene (—CH2—), ethylene (—CH2—CH2—), or —CH(CH3)— and the like.
‘Alkenyl’ refers to monovalent olefinically (unsaturated) hydrocarbon groups with the number of carbon atoms specified. Particular alkenyl has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and more particularly, from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which can be straight-chained or branched and having at least 1 and particularly from 1 to 2 sites of olefinic unsaturation. Particular alkenyl groups include ethenyl (—CH═CH2), n-propenyl (—CH2CH═CH2), isopropenyl (—C(CH3)═CH2) and the like.
‘Amino’ refers to the radical —NH2.
‘Aryl’ refers to a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group derived by the removal of one hydrogen atom from a single carbon atom of a parent aromatic ring system. In particular aryl refers to an aromatic ring structure, monocyclic or polycyclic, with the number of ring atoms specified. Specifically, the term includes groups that include from 6 to 10 ring members. Where the aryl group is a monocyclic ring system it preferentially contains 6 carbon atoms. Particularly aryl groups include phenyl, and naphthyl.
‘Cycloalkyl’ refers to a non-aromatic hydrocarbyl ring structure, monocyclic or polycyclic, with the number of ring atoms specified. A cycloalkyl may have from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and in particular from 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Such cycloalkyl groups include, by way of example, single ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl.
‘Cyano’ refers to the radical —CN.
‘Halo’ or ‘halogen’ refers to fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br) and iodo (I). Particular halo groups are either fluoro or chloro.
‘Hetero’ when used to describe a compound or a group present on a compound means that one or more carbon atoms in the compound or group have been replaced by a nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur heteroatom. Hetero may be applied to any of the hydrocarbyl groups described above such as alkyl, e.g. heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, e.g. heterocycloalkyl, aryl, e.g. heteroaryl, and the like having from 1 to 4, and particularly from 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms, more typically 1 or 2 heteroatoms, for example a single heteroatom.
‘Heteroaryl’ means an aromatic ring structure, monocyclic or fused polycyclic, that includes one or more heteroatoms independently selected from O, N and S and the number of ring atoms specified. In particular, the aromatic ring structure may have from 5 to 9 ring members. The heteroaryl group can be, for example, a five membered or six membered monocyclic ring or a fused bicyclic structure formed from fused five and six membered rings or two fused six membered rings or, by way of a further example, two fused five membered rings. Each ring may contain up to four heteroatoms typically selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen. Typically the heteroaryl ring will contain up to 4 heteroatoms, more typically up to 3 heteroatoms, more usually up to 2, for example a single heteroatom. In one embodiment, the heteroaryl ring contains at least one ring nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atoms in the heteroaryl rings can be basic, as in the case of an imidazole or pyridine, or essentially non-basic as in the case of an indole or pyrrole nitrogen. In general the number of basic nitrogen atoms present in the heteroaryl group, including any amino group substituents of the ring, will be less than five.
Examples of five membered monocyclic heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyrrolyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, imidazolyl, furazanyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl and tetrazolyl groups.
Examples of six membered monocyclic heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl and triazinyl. Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a five membered ring fused to another five-membered ring include but are not limited to imidazothiazolyl and imidazoimidazolyl. Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a six membered ring fused to a five membered ring include but are not limited to benzfuranyl, benzthiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isobenzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, purinyl (e.g. adenine, guanine), indazolyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, triazolopyrimidinyl, and pyrazolopyridinyl groups. Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing two fused six membered rings include but are not limited to quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, pyridopyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, and pteridinyl groups. Particular heteroaryl groups are those derived from thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl and pyrazinyl.
Examples of representative heteroaryls include the following:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00004
wherein each Y is selected from >C(═O), NH, O and S.
As used herein, the term ‘heterocycloalkyl’ means a stable non-aromatic ring structure, mono-cyclic or polycyclic, that includes one or more heteroatoms independently selected from O, N and S and the number of ring atoms specified. The non-aromatic ring structure may have from 4 to 10 ring members, and in particular from 4 to 7 ring members. A fused heterocyclic ring system may include carbocyclic rings and need only to include one heterocyclic ring. Examples of heterocyclic rings include, but are not limited to, morpholine, piperidine (e.g. 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl and 4-piperidinyl), pyrrolidine (e.g. 1-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl and 3-pyrrolidinyl), pyrrolidone, pyran, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, dioxane, tetrahydropyran (e.g. 4-tetrahydro pyranyl), imidazoline, imidazolidinone, oxazoline, thiazoline, 2-pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, piperazine, and N-alkyl piperazines such as N-methyl piperazine. Further examples include thiomorpholine and its S-oxide and S,S-dioxide (particularly thiomorpholine). Still further examples include azetidine, piperidone, piperazone, and N-alkyl piperidines such as N-methyl piperidine. Particular examples of heterocycloalkyl groups are shown in the following illustrative examples:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00005
wherein each W is selected from CH2, NH, O and S; and each Y is selected from NH, O, C(═O), SO2, and S.
As used herein, the term ‘heterocycloalkenyl’ means a ‘heterocycloalkyl, wherein one bond of the ring is reduced, thus the ring comprises a double bond. Particular examples of heterocycloalkenyl groups are shown in the following illustrative examples:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00006
wherein each Z is ═CH— or ═N—; W is selected from —CH2—, —NH—, —O— and —S—; and each Y is selected from —NH—, —O—, —C(═O)—, —SO2—, and —S—.
‘Hydroxyl’ refers to the radical —OH.
‘Oxo’ refers to the radical ═O.
‘Substituted’ refers to a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are each independently replaced with the same or different substituent(s).
‘Sulfo’ or ‘sulfonic acid’ refers to a radical such as —SO3H.
‘Thiol’ refers to the group —SH.
As used herein, term ‘substituted with one or more’ refers to one to four substituents. In one embodiment it refers to one to three substituents. In further embodiments it refers to one or two substituents. In a yet further embodiment it refers to one substituent.
‘Thioalkoxy’ refers to the group —SR20 where R20 has the number of carbon atoms specified and particularlyC1-C8 alkyl. Particular thioalkoxy groups are thiomethoxy, thioethoxy, n-thiopropoxy, isothiopropoxy, n-thiobutoxy, tert-thiobutoxy, sec-thiobutoxy, n-thiopentoxy, n-thiohexoxy, and 1,2-dimethylthiobutoxy. Particular thioalkoxy groups are lower thioalkoxy, i.e. with between 1 and 6 carbon atoms. Further particular alkoxy groups have between 1 and 4 carbon atoms.
One having ordinary skill in the art of organic synthesis will recognize that the maximum number of heteroatoms in a stable, chemically feasible heterocyclic ring, whether it is aromatic or non aromatic, is determined by the size of the ring, the degree of unsaturation and the valence of the heteroatoms. In general, a heterocyclic ring may have one to four heteroatoms so long as the heteroaromatic ring is chemically feasible and stable.
‘Pharmaceutically acceptable’ means approved or approvable by a regulatory agency of the Federal or a state government or the corresponding agency in countries other than the United States, or that is listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia or other generally recognized pharmacopoeia for use in animals, and more particularly, in humans.
‘Pharmaceutically acceptable salt’ refers to a salt of a compound of the invention that is pharmaceutically acceptable and that possesses the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. In particular, such salts are non-toxic may be inorganic or organic acid addition salts and base addition salts. Specifically, such salts include: (1) acid addition salts, formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or (2) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound either is replaced by a metal ion, e.g. an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminum ion; or coordinates with an organic base such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methylglucamine and the like. Salts further include, by way of example only, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, and the like; and when the compound contains a basic functionality, salts of non toxic organic or inorganic acids, such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, tartrate, mesylate, acetate, maleate, oxalate and the like. The term ‘pharmaceutically acceptable cation’ refers to an acceptable cationic counter-ion of an acidic functional group. Such cations are exemplified by sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium cations, and the like.
‘Pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle’ refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient or carrier with which a compound of the invention is administered.
‘Prodrugs’ refers to compounds, including derivatives of the compounds of the invention, which have cleavable groups and become by solvolysis or under physiological conditions the compounds of the invention which are pharmaceutically active in vivo. Such examples include, but are not limited to, choline ester derivatives and the like, N-alkylmorpholine esters and the like.
‘Solvate’ refers to forms of the compound that are associated with a solvent, usually by a solvolysis reaction. This physical association includes hydrogen bonding. Conventional solvents include water, ethanol, acetic acid and the like. The compounds of the invention may be prepared e.g. in crystalline form and may be solvated or hydrated. Suitable solvates include pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, such as hydrates, and further include both stoichiometric solvates and non-stoichiometric solvates. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. ‘Solvate’ encompasses both solution-phase and isolable solvates. Representative solvates include hydrates, ethanolates and methanolates.
‘Subject’ includes humans. The terms ‘human’, ‘patient’ and ‘subject’ are used interchangeably herein.
‘Effective amount’ means the amount of a compound of the invention that, when administered to a subject for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease. The “effective amount” can vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity, and the age, weight, etc., of the subject to be treated.
‘Preventing’ or ‘prevention’ refers to a reduction in risk of acquiring or developing a disease or disorder (i.e. causing at least one of the clinical symptoms of the disease not to develop in a subject that may be exposed to a disease-causing agent, or predisposed to the disease in advance of disease onset.
The term ‘prophylaxis’ is related to ‘prevention’, and refers to a measure or procedure the purpose of which is to prevent, rather than to treat or cure a disease. Non-limiting examples of prophylactic measures may include the administration of vaccines; the administration of low molecular weight heparin to hospital patients at risk for thrombosis due, for example, to immobilization; and the administration of an anti-malarial agent such as chloroquine, in advance of a visit to a geographical region where malaria is endemic or the risk of contracting malaria is high.
‘Treating’ or ‘treatment’ of any disease or disorder refers, in one embodiment, to ameliorating the disease or disorder (i.e. arresting the disease or reducing the manifestation, extent or severity of at least one of the clinical symptoms thereof). In another embodiment ‘treating’ or ‘treatment’ refers to ameliorating at least one physical parameter, which may not be discernible by the subject. In yet another embodiment, ‘treating’ or ‘treatment’ refers to modulating the disease or disorder, either physically, (e.g. stabilization of a discernible symptom), physiologically, (e.g. stabilization of a physical parameter), or both. In a further embodiment, “treating” or “treatment” relates to slowing the progression of the disease.
As used herein the term ‘inflammatory diseases’ refers to the group of conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, allergic airway disease (e.g. asthma, rhinitis), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g. Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), endotoxin-driven disease states (e.g. complications after bypass surgery or chronic endotoxin states contributing to e.g. chronic cardiac failure), and related diseases involving cartilage, such as that of the joints. Particularly the term refers to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, allergic airway disease (e.g. asthma), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inflammatory bowel diseases. More particularly the term refers to rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis (OA). Most particularly the term refers to osteoarthritis (OA).
As used herein the term ‘diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis’ includes conditions such as osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly, the term refers to osteoarthritis (OA).
‘Compound(s) of the invention’, and equivalent expressions, are meant to embrace compounds of the Formula(e) as herein described, which expression includes the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and the solvates, e.g. hydrates, and the solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts where the context so permits. Similarly, reference to intermediates, whether or not they themselves are claimed, is meant to embrace their salts, and solvates, where the context so permits.
When ranges are referred to herein, for example but without limitation, C1-8 alkyl, the citation of a range should be considered a representation of each member of said range.
Other derivatives of the compounds of this invention have activity in both their acid and acid derivative forms, but in the acid sensitive form often offers advantages of solubility, tissue compatibility, or delayed release in the mammalian organism (Bundgaard, 1985). Prodrugs include acid derivatives well known to practitioners of the art, such as, for example, esters prepared by reaction of the parent acid with a suitable alcohol, or amides prepared by reaction of the parent acid compound with a substituted or unsubstituted amine, or acid anhydrides, or mixed anhydrides. Simple aliphatic or aromatic esters, amides and anhydrides derived from acidic groups pendant on the compounds of this invention are particularly useful prodrugs. In some cases it is desirable to prepare double ester type prodrugs such as (acyloxy)alkyl esters or ((alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)alkylesters. Particular such prodrugs are the C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C6-10 optionally substituted aryl, and (C6-10 aryl)-(C1-4 alkyl) esters of the compounds of the invention.
As used herein, the term ‘isotopic variant’ refers to a compound that contains unnatural proportions of isotopes at one or more of the atoms that constitute such compound. For example, an ‘isotopic variant’ of a compound can contain one or more non-radioactive isotopes, such as for example, deuterium (2H or D), carbon-13 (13C), nitrogen-15 (15N), or the like. It will be understood that, in a compound where such isotopic substitution is made, the following atoms, where present, may vary, so that for example, any hydrogen may be 2H/D, any carbon may be 13C, or any nitrogen may be 15N, and that the presence and placement of such atoms may be determined within the skill of the art. Likewise, the invention may include the preparation of isotopic variants with radioisotopes, in the instance for example, where the resulting compounds may be used for drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. The radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e. 3H, and carbon-14, i.e. 14C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection. Further, compounds may be prepared that are substituted with positron emitting isotopes, such as 11C, 18F, 15O and 13N, and would be useful in Positron Emission Topography (PET) studies for examining substrate receptor occupancy.
All isotopic variants of the compounds provided herein, radioactive or not, are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the invention.
It is also to be understood that compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed ‘isomers’. Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed ‘stereoisomers’.
Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed ‘diastereomers’ and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed ‘enantiomers’. When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, it is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible. An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e. as (+) or (−)-isomers respectively). A chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a ‘racemic mixture’.
‘Tautomers’ refer to compounds that are interchangeable forms of a particular compound structure, and that vary in the displacement of hydrogen atoms and electrons. Thus, two structures may be in equilibrium through the movement of π electrons and an atom (usually H). For example, enols and ketones are tautomers because they are rapidly interconverted by treatment with either acid or base. Another example of tautomerism is the aci- and nitro-forms of phenylnitromethane, that are likewise formed by treatment with acid or base.
Tautomeric forms may be relevant to the attainment of the optimal chemical reactivity and biological activity of a compound of interest.
The compounds of the invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof.
Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art.
It will be appreciated that compounds of the invention may be metabolized to yield biologically active metabolites.
THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on the identification of novel hydantoin compounds that may be useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In a particular aspect, the compounds of the invention are inhibitors of ADAMTS-5.
The present invention also provides methods for the production of these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods for inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis by administering the compounds of the invention.
Accordingly, in a first aspect of the invention, a compound of the invention is provided having a Formula (I):
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00007
wherein
R1 is:
    • H,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • phenyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups,
    • phenyl fused to a 5-6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more ═O, or
    • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups;
      R2 is independently selected from:
    • H,
    • OH,
    • C1-4 alkoxy, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one
      • OH,
      • CN,
      • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl, or
      • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl;
        each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from:
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl;
      Cy is
    • 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups;
      R4 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy or phenyl,
    • C1-4 thioalkoxy,
    • 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • phenyl,
    • —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl,
    • —C(═O)OR7a,
    • —C(═O)NR7bR7c,
    • —NHC(═O)OR7d,
    • —NHC(═O)R7e, or
    • —NR8aR8b;
      each R5 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one —NR9eR9f, or
    • —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl;
      each R6 is
    • halo,
    • —CN,
    • —NO2,
    • —CH3,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, or
    • —NR9gR9h;
      each R7a, R7b, R7c, R7d, or R7e is
    • H, or
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one OH, or C1-4 alkoxy;
      each R8a or R8b is independently selected from:
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl;
      each R9a, R9b, R9c, R9d, R9f, R9g, and R9h is independently selected from H, and C1-4 alkyl;
      or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a solvate thereof; or a biologically active metabolite thereof;
      provided that:
    • R1, and R2 are not simultaneously H, and
    • When R1 is Me, then Cy is not
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00008
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula II:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00009
wherein R1, R2, R3a, R3b, and Cy are as defined above.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is H.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R1 is Me, Et, Pr, iPr, or tBu. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is Me, or Et.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups. In another embodiment, R1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups. In a particular embodiment, R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R4 groups. In another particular embodiment, R1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R4 groups. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one R4 group. In another more particular embodiment, R1 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one R4 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl. In a particular embodiment, R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is cyclopropyl.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups. In another embodiment, R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups. In a particular embodiment, R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R4 groups. In another particular embodiment, R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R4 groups. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl substituted with one R4 group. In another more particular embodiment, R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is substituted with one R1 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is halo, OH, and CN. In a more particular embodiment, each R4 is independently selected from F, Cl, OH, and CN.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R4 is —CH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is —CH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is C1-4 alkoxy. In a particular embodiment, R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is OMe.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is C1-4 alkoxy substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl. In a particular embodiment, R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is C1-4 alkoxy substituted with one OMe, OEt, or phenyl. In another more particular embodiment, R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one OMe, OEt, or phenyl. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —OCH2—CH2—OCH3, —OCH2-Ph.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is C1-4 thioalkoxy. In a particular embodiment, R4 is —SCH3, or —SCH2CH3. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is —SCH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O. In a particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one or more halo, —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl, —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In another particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl, —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In a more particular embodiment, R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one F, Cl, —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In another particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one F, Cl, —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected F, Cl. In another most particular embodiment, R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is substituted with one —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is phenyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R4 is —S(═O)2CH3, or —S(═O)2CH2CH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —C(═O)OR7a, and R7a is as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R7a is H. In another particular embodiment, R7a is C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, R7a is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In a more particular embodiment, R7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, R7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In yet another more particular embodiment, R7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH3. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —C(═O)OCH3, —C(═O)OCH2CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —C(═O)NR7bR7c, and each R7b or R7c is as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R7b and R7c are H. In another particular embodiment, one of R7b or R7c is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, one of R7b or R7c is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In a further particular embodiment, R7b and R7c are C1-4 alkyl. In a more particular embodiment, one of R7b or R7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, one of R7b or R7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In yet another more particular embodiment, one of R7b or R7c is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH3. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —C(═O)NHCH3, —C(═O)N(CH3)2, —C(═O)NHCH2CH3, —C(═O)NHCH2CH2—OH or —C(═O)NHCH2CH2—OCH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —NHC(═O)OR7d, and R7d is as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R7d is H. In another particular embodiment, R7d is C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, R7d is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In a more particular embodiment, R7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, R7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In yet another more particular embodiment, R7d is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH3. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —NHC(═O)OCH3, —NHC(═O)OCH2CH3, or —NHC(═O)OC(CH3)3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —NHC(═O)R7e, and R7e is as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R7e is H. In another particular embodiment, R7e is C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, R7e is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In a more particular embodiment, R7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, R7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy. In yet another more particular embodiment, R7e is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH3. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —NHC(═O)CH3, —NHC(═O)CH2CH3, or —NHC(═O)C(CH3)3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R4 is —NR8aR8b, and each R8a or R8b is as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R8a and R8b are H. In another particular embodiment, one of R8a or R8b is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, one of R8a or R8b is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl. In a further particular embodiment, R8a and R8b are C1-4 alkyl. In a more particular embodiment, one of R8a or R8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu. In another more particular embodiment, one of R8a or R8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl. In yet another more particular embodiment, one of R8a or R8b is H, and the other is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, —OCH3, or phenyl. In a most particular embodiment, R4 is —NH2, —NHCH3, —N(CH3)2, —NHCH2Phenyl, or —NHCH2CH2—OCH3.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S. In a particular embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl. In another embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl. In another particular embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected —CH3, —C(═O)CH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In another more particular embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected —CH3, —C(═O)CH3, —C(═O)OCH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3. In yet another more particular embodiment, R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one —C(═O)CH3, —C(═O)OCH3, or —C(═O)OC(CH3)3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is phenyl.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is phenyl substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups. In a particular embodiment, R1 is phenyl substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R5 groups. In another particular embodiment, R1 is phenyl substituted with one R5 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S. In a particular embodiment, R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups. In another embodiment R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups. In a particular embodiment, R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R5 groups. In another particular embodiment, R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three independently selected R5 groups. In a more particular embodiment, R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one R5 group. In another more particular embodiment, R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one R5 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R5 is halo, OH, or CN. In a particular embodiment, R5 is F, Cl, OH, or CN.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R5 is Me, Et, or iPr.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, —C(═O)NR9cR9d, wherein R9a, R9b, R9c, or R9d is as previously described. In another embodiment, R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, —C(═O)NR9cR9d. In a particular embodiment, R5 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one, two or three independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d. In another particular embodiment, R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d. In a more particular embodiment, R5 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d. In another more particular embodiment, R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d. In one embodiment, each R9a, R9b, R9c, or R9d is independently selected from H, Me, and Et. In a most particular embodiment, R5 is —CF3, —CH2NH2, —CH2NHMe, —CH2NMe2, —CH2C(═O)NH2, —CH2C(═O)NHMe, or —CH2C(═O)NMe2.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkoxy. In a particular embodiment, R5 is —OMe, —OEt, or —OiPr.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkoxy substituted with one —NR9eR9f, wherein R9e are R9f as previously described. In another embodiment, R5 is —OEt, substituted with one —NR9eR9f. In one embodiment, each R9e, and R9f, is independently selected from H, Me, and Et. In a most particular embodiment, R5 is —OCH2CH2NH2, —OCH2CH2NHMe, or —OCH2CH2NMe2.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula I or II, wherein R5 is —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R5 is —S(═O)2CH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula IIIa or IIIb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00010
wherein R2, R3a, R3b, and Cy are as described above.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is H.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is —OH.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkoxy. In a particular embodiment, R2 is —OMe, —OEt, or —OiPr. In a more particular embodiment, R2 is —OMe.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R2 is Me, Et, or iPr. In a more particular embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, or CN. In a particular embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one OH, or CN. In a more particular embodiment, R2 is —CH2—OH, or —CH2—CN.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl. In another embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl. In a particular embodiment, R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one —OMe, —OEt, each of which is optionally substituted with one phenyl. In another particular embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one —OMe, —OEt, each of which is optionally substituted with one phenyl. In a more particular embodiment, R2 is —CH2OCH3, —CH2OCH2CH3, —CH2OCH2CH2OCH3, or —CH2OCH2Phenyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IIIb, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl. In another embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl. In another particular embodiment, R2 is Me or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl. In a more particular embodiment, R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et. In another particular embodiment, R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula IVa or IVb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00011
wherein R3a, R3b, X, and Cy are as described above.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-IVb, wherein R3a, and R3b are both H. In another embodiment, one of R3a and R3b is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl. In a particular embodiment, one of R3a and R3b is H, and the other is Me, or Et. In a more particular embodiment, one of R3a and R3b is H, and the other is Me, or Et. In a most particular embodiment, one of R3a and R3b is H, and the other is Me. In another most particular embodiment, R3a and R3b are both Me.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula Va, or Vb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00012
wherein Cy is as described above.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl. In a particular embodiment, Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl. In a more particular embodiment, Cy is phenyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups. In another embodiment, Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups. In a particular embodiment, Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one, two or three independently selected R6 groups. In another embodiment, Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R6 groups. In a more particular embodiment, Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl substituted with one R6 group. In another embodiment, Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl, each of which is substituted with one R6 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S. In a particular embodiment, Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl. In a more particular embodiment, Cy is pyridinyl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups. In another embodiment, Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups. In a particular embodiment, Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one, two or three independently selected R6 groups. In another embodiment, Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one, two or three independently selected R6 groups. In a more particular embodiment, Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S substituted with one R6 group. In another embodiment, Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one R6 group.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R6 is halo, —CN, or —NO2. In a particular embodiment, R6 is F, Cl, —CN, or —NO2.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R6 is —CH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy. In another embodiment, R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy. In a particular embodiment, R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy. In another particular embodiment, R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy. In a more particular embodiment, R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one halo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy. In another more particular embodiment, R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy. In a most particular embodiment, R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, —OMe, or —OEt. In another more particular embodiment, R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, —OMe, or —OEt.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to any one of Formulae I-Vb, wherein R6 is —NR9gR9h, wherein R9g and R9h are as previously described. In a particular embodiment, R9g and R9h are both H. In another particular embodiment, R9g and R9h are both C1-4 alkyl. In yet another particular embodiment, one of R9g and R9h is H, and the other is C1-4 alkyl. In a more particular embodiment, R6 is —NH2, —NHMe, or —NMe2.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00013
wherein each one of R6, R6b and R6c is independently selected from H, halo, —CN, and —CH3.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein each one of R6, R6b and R6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH3. In a more particular embodiment, each one of R6, R6b and R6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH3.
In another particular embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH3. In a particular embodiment, R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH3. In a more particular embodiment, R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, and Cl.
In another particular embodiment, a compound of the invention is according to Formula VIa or VIb, wherein R6a is H, and each one of R6b, and R6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH3. In a particular embodiment, R6a is H, and each one of R6b, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH3. In a more particular embodiment, R6a is H, and each one of R6b, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, and Cl.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is selected from:
  • Cpd 1 5-methyl-5-[3-oxo-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 2 5-[3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 3 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 4 5-[3-oxo-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 5 5-[3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 6 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 7 5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 8 5-[3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 9 5-[3-[4-(2-naphthyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 10 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 11 5-[3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 12 5-methyl-5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 13 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 14 5-[3-[4-(6-isoquinolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 15 5-[3-oxo-3-[4-(2-quinolyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 16 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 17 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 18 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 19 5-[3-[4-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 20 5-[3-[4-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 21 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 22 5-[3-[4-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 23 5-[3-[4-(3-methyl-4-nitro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 24 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 25 5-[3-[4-(benzofuran-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 26 5-[3-[4-(1,3-benzothiazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 27 (5S)-5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 28 5-[3-[4-(4-bromophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 29 2-[4-[3-(4-methyl-2,5-dioxa-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoyl]piperazin-1-yl]benzonitrile,
  • Cpd 30 5-[3-[4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 31 5-[3-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 32 5-isopropyl-5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 33 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-isopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 34 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 35 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 36 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 37 5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 38 5-[3-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 39 5-[3-[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 40 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 41 5-[3-[4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 42 5-methyl-5-[3-oxo-3-[4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 43 5-methyl-5-[3-oxo-3-[4-(3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 44 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 45 5-[3-oxo-3-[4-(3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 46 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 47 5-[3-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 48 5-[3-[4-(3-bromophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 49 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 50 5-[3-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 51 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 52 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 53 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-isopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 54 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-isopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 55 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 56 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 57 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 58 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 59 5-methyl-5-[3-oxo-3-(4-thiazol-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 60 5-[3-[4-(3-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 61 5-[3-[4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 62 5-[3-(3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 63 5-methyl-5-[3-(3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 64 5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dine,
  • Cpd 65 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 66 5-[3-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 67 5-[3-[4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 68 5-[3-oxo-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 69 5-[3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 70 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclobutyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 71 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclobutyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 72 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclohexyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 73 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclohexyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 74 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 75 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 76 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(p-toy)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 77 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(p-tolyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 78 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 79 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 80 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethyloxy)phenyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 81 5-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethyloxy)phenyl]-5-[3-[4-(o-toyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 82 5-[4-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]-5-[3-[4-(o-toly)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 83 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[4-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 84 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 85 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 86 5-[3-[4-(5-bromo-3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 87 5-[3-[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 88 5-[3-[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 89 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 90 5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 91 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 92 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 93 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 94 5-[3-[4-(4,5-difluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 95 5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 96 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 97 5-[3-[4-(3-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 98 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 99 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 100 5-[3-[4-(3-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 101 5-[3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 102 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 103 5-[3-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 104 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 105 5-[3-(3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 106 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-(3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 107 5-tert-butyl-5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 108 5-tert-butyl-5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 109 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopentyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 110 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopentyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 111 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 112 5-[3-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 113 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 114 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 115 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 116 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 117 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 118 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(dimethylaminomethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 119 5-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-[3-[4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 120 5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(dimethylaminomethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 121 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 122 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-ethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 123 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 124 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 125 4-[4-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]benzonitrile,
  • Cpd 126 5-[3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 127 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 128 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 129 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 130 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 131 5-[3-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 132 5-(5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl)-5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 133 5-(5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl)-5-[3-[4-(5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 134 5-[3-[(3R)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 135 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 136 5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 137 5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 138 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-oxo-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 139 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 140 5-[3-[4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 141 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(m-tolyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 142 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 143 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 144 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 145 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 146 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methoxyphenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 147 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 148 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 149 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 150 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 151 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 152 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 153 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-oxoindolin-5-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 154 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[[2-methoxyethyl(methyl)amino]methyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 155 5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(morpholinomethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 156 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 157 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 158 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 159 (5R)-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 160 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 161 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 162 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 163 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 164 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 165 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 166 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 167 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 168 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 169 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 170 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 171 5-(aminomethyl)-5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 172 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 173 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 174 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 175 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 176 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 177 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 178 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 179 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 180 5-(aminomethyl)-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 181 5-[(benzylamino)methyl]-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 182 methyl 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetate,
  • Cpd 183 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetic acid,
  • Cpd 184 5-[(benzylamino)methyl]-5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 185 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-[2-(methylamino)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 186 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 187 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]-N-(2-methoxyethyl)acetamide,
  • Cpd 188 tert-butyl 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetate,
  • Cpd 189 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide,
  • Cpd 190 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 191 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 192 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 193 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 194 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 195 3-[4-[3-(4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoyl]piperazin-1-yl]benzonitrile,
  • Cpd 196 5-(azetidin-3-yl)-53-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 197 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 198 tert-butyl 4-[[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]methyl]piperidine-1-carboxylate,
  • Cpd 199 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-tetrahydropyran-4-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 200 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 201 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxy-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 202 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 203 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 204 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 205 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 206 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 207 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 208 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-piperidylmethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 209 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-[3-(dimethylamino)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 210 5-(2-aminoethyl)-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 211 5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 212 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 213 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 214 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 215 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 216 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 217 5-methyl-5-[2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 218 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 219 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 220 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 221 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methoxyethoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 222 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 223 N-[[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]methyl]acetamide,
  • Cpd 224 5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 225 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 226 5-[3-[(S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 227 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 228 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 229 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 230 5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 231 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 232 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 233 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 234 tert-butyl 3-[4-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]azetidine-1-carboxy late,
  • Cpd 235 tert-butyl N-[2-[4-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]ethyl]carbamate,
  • Cpd 236 5-[2-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]butyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 237 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 238 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-[(2,5-dimethylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 239 tert-butyl 3-[4-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]azetidine-1-carboxylate,
  • Cpd 240 5-(azetidin-3-yl)-5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 241 5-(2-aminoethyl)-5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 242 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(morpholinomethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 243 5-[3-[(3R,5S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 244 5-[3-[(3R,5S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 245 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 246 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(morpholinomethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 247 5-(azetidin-3-yl)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 248 5-(1-acetylazetidin-3-yl)-5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 249 5-(1-acetylazetidin-3-yl)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 250 5-[3-[4-(4,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 251 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 252 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 253 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[(3,3-difuoropyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 254 4-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-[(4-methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)methyl]-4-oxo-butanenitrile,
  • Cpd 255 (5S)-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 256 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 257 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4,6-dichloro-2-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 258 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(2,6-dichloro-4-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 259 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 260 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 261 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 262 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4,5-dichloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 263 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 264 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 265 (5R)-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 266 5-ethyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 267 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 268 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 269 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 270 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-bromophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 271 5-[3-[(3S,5S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 272 5-[3-[(3S,5S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 273 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(3-pyridyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 274 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(1H-indol-5-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 275 5-methyl-5-[2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 276 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 277 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 278 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-oxo-3-[4-(4-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 279 5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 280 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(benzofuran-7-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 281 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(4-pyridyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 282 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 283 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 284 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 285 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 286 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-pyrazin-2-yl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 287 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 288 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 289 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-quinolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 290 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 291 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindol-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 292 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 293 5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 294 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 295 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 296 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(1H-indazol-5-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 297 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 298 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-fluoro-3-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 299 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 300 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 301 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 302 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-pyridazin-3-yl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 303 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(5-methyl-3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 304 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-pyrimidin-5-yl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 305 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 306 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 307 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 308 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 309 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 310 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 311 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 312 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 313 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 314 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 315 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 316 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 317 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 318 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 319 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 320 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 321 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(2-methoxy-4-pyridyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 322 5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 323 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(2-methyl-3-pyridyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 324 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 325 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-2-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 326 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 327 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 328 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindol-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 329 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(2-methyl-4-pyridyl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 330 5-[(2S)-4-[3-(4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-3-carbonitrile,
  • Cpd 331 (S)-5-((S)-3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 332 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrimidin-5-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 333 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindazol-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 334 3-[(2S)-4-[3-(4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-5-fluoro-benzonitrile,
  • Cpd 335 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 336 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methoxy-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 337 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 338 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 339 5-cyclopropyl-5-[(2S)-2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 340 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-fluoro-3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 341 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylindazol-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 342 5-cyclopropyl-5-[2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(5-methyl-3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 343 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 344 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 345 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 346 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 347 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 348 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 349 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 350 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 351 5-cyclopropyl-5-[2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 352 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 353 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 354 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 355 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 356 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methoxy-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 357 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 358 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 359 5-[(2S)-3-[4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-ethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 360 5-ethyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 361 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylimidazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 362 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-oxazol-4-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 363 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-chloro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 364 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 365 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 366 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 367 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methyl-4-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 368 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 369 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 370 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(1-isopropylpyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 371 5-methyl-5-[(2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 372 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyrazin-2-ylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 373 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(6-chloropyridazin-4-yl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 374 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 375 5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 376 5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 377 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyrimidin-5-ylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 378 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-fluoro-3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 379 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 380 5-(methoxymethyl)-5-[2-methyl-3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 381 5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 382 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrimidin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 383 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 384 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 385 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 386 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 387 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 388 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-oxazol-4-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 389 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylimidazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 390 (5R)-5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 391 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-chloro-3-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 392 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-chloro-3-(methylamino)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 393 (5R)-5-methyl-5-[3-[4-(m-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 394 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 395 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 396 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2,5-dimethyloxazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 397 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 398 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 399 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylazetidin-3-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 400 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 401 (5R)-5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 402 2-[4-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide,
  • Cpd 403 (5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3R)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 404 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 405 5-{3-[(S)-4-(3-Chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl}-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione, and
  • Cpd 406 5-{3-[(S)-4-(3-Chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl}-5-methoxymethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione.
In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is selected from:
  • Cpd 407 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 408 5-cyclopropyl-5-(3-((S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 409 5-cyclopropyl-5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 410 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 411 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-cyclopropylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 412 5-(3-((S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-cyclopropylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 413 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-cyclopropylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 414 (R)-5-(3-((S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 415 5-(benzyloxymethyl)-5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 416 5-cyclopropyl-5-(3-((S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 417 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 418 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 419 (R)-5-((S)-3-((S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 420 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 421 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 422 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 423 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 424 5-(2-(benzyloxymethyl)-3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 425 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 426 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 427 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 428 5-(3-(4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 429 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 430 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 431 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 432 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 433 5-(3-(4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 434 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 435 5-(2-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)butyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 436 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 437 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 438 5-(2-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)-3-methylbutyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 439 5-(3-(4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 440 5-(3-(4-(4,5-dichloro-2-methylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 441 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 442 5-(3-((S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 443 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 444 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-ethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 445 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-ethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 446 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 447 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 448 5-(3-(4-chloro-3,5-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 449 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 450 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 451 5-(3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 452 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 453 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 454 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 455 (S)-5-{(S)-3-[(S)-4-(3-Chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl}-5-methoxymethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 456 5-cyclopropyl-5-(3-((S)-4-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 457 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 458 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 459 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 460 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 461 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrazin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 462 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrimidin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 463 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-pyrimidin-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 464 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 465 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-oxazol-4-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 466 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylimidazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 467 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(1-methylimidazol-4-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 468 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-isopropyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 469 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 470 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 471 2-[4-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-ethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetic acid,
  • Cpd 472 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 473 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-ethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 474 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-chloro-3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 475 tert-butyl 3-[4-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-ethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]propanoate,
  • Cpd 476 (5R)-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[4-chloro-3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 477 3-[4-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-ethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid,
  • Cpd 478 5-{3-[(S)-4-(4-Chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl}-5-methoxymethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 479 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
  • Cpd 480 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione, and
  • Cpd 481 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3-ethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione.
In one embodiment a compound of the invention is not an isotopic variant.
In one aspect a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is present as the free base.
In one aspect a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
In one aspect a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a solvate of the compound.
In one aspect a compound of the invention according to any one of the embodiments herein described is a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound.
While specified groups for each embodiment have generally been listed above separately, a compound of the invention includes one in which several or each embodiment in the above Formula, as well as other formulae presented herein, is selected from one or more of particular members or groups designated respectively, for each variable. Therefore, this invention is intended to include all combinations of such embodiments within its scope.
While specified groups for each embodiment have generally been listed above separately, a compound of the invention may be one for which one or more variables (for example, R groups) is selected from one or more embodiments according to any of the Formula(e) listed above. Therefore, the present invention is intended to include all combinations of variables from any of the disclosed embodiments within its scope.
Alternatively, the exclusion of one or more of the specified variables from a group or an embodiment, or combinations thereof is also contemplated by the present invention.
In certain aspects, the present invention provides prodrugs and derivatives of the compounds according to the formulae above. Prodrugs are derivatives of the compounds of the invention, which have metabolically cleavable groups and become by solvolysis or under physiological conditions the compounds of the invention, which are pharmaceutically active, in vivo. Such examples include, but are not limited to, choline ester derivatives and the like, N-alkylmorpholine esters and the like.
Other derivatives of the compounds of this invention have activity in both their acid and acid derivative forms, but the acid sensitive form often offers advantages of solubility, tissue compatibility, or delayed release in the mammalian organism (Bundgaard, 1985). Prodrugs include acid derivatives well known to practitioners of the art, such as, for example, esters prepared by reaction of the parent acid with a suitable alcohol, or amides prepared by reaction of the parent acid compound with a substituted or unsubstituted amine, or acid anhydrides, or mixed anhydrides. Simple aliphatic or aromatic esters, amides and anhydrides derived from acidic groups pendant on the compounds of this invention are preferred prodrugs. In some cases it is desirable to prepare double ester type prodrugs such as (acyloxy)alkyl esters or ((alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)alkylesters. Particularly useful are the C1 to C8 alkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, aryl, C7-C12 substituted aryl, and C7-C12 arylalkyl esters of the compounds of the invention.
CLAUSES
  • 1. A compound according to Formula I:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00014
wherein
R1 is:
    • H,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
    • 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • phenyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups,
    • phenyl fused to a 5-6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more ═O, or
    • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups;
      R2 is independently selected from:
    • H,
    • OH,
    • C1-4 alkoxy, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one
      • OH,
      • CN,
      • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl, or
      • 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl;
        each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from:
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl;
      Cy is
    • 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups;
      R1 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl,
    • C1-4 thioalkoxy,
    • 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, optionally substituted with one or more halo, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
    • Phenyl,
    • —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl,
    • —C(═O)OR7a,
    • —C(═O)NR7bR7c,
    • —NHC(═O)OR7d,
    • —NHC(═O)R7e, or
    • —NR8aR8b;
      each R1 is
    • halo,
    • OH,
    • CN,
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, —C(═O)NR9cR9d,
    • C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one —NR9eR9f, or
    • —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl;
      each R6 is
    • halo,
    • —CN,
    • —NO2,
    • —CH3,
    • 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, or
    • —NR9gR9h;
      each R7a, R7b, R7c, R7d, or R7e, is
    • H, or
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one OH, or C1-4 alkoxy;
      each R8a, or R8b is independently selected from
    • H, and
    • C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl;
      each R9a, R9b, R9c, R9d, R9e, R9f, R9g, and R9h is independently selected from H, and C1-4 alkyl;
      or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a solvate thereof; or a biologically active metabolite thereof;
      provided that:
    • R1, and R2 are not simultaneously H, and
    • When R1 is Me, X is N, then Cy is not
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00015
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or the salt of the solvate thereof.
2. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1, wherein the compound is according to Formula II:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00016
3. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is H.
4. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl.
5. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is Me, Et, Pr, iPr, or tBu.
6. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups.
7. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is Me, Et, Pr, iPr, or tBu substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups.
8. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one R4 group.
9. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is Me, Et, Pr, iPr, or tBu substituted with one R1 group.
10. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl.
11. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
12. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is cyclopropyl.
13. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is selected from F, Cl, OH, and CN.
14. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is C1-4 alkoxy.
15. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr.
16. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is C1-4 alkoxy substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl.
17. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl.
18. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is OMe, OEt, or OiPr, each of which is substituted with one OMe, OEt, or phenyl.
19. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is C1-4 thioalkoxy.
20. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —SMe.
21. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O.
22. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl.
23. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is 4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, substituted with one or more halo, or —C(O)OC1-4 alkyl.
24. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more halo, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl.
25. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is phenyl.
26. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl.
27. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —S(═O)2Me, or —S(═O)2Et.
28. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —C(═O)OR7a.
29. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 28, wherein R7a is H.
30. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 28, wherein R7a is C1-4 alkyl.
31. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 28, wherein R7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu.
32. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 28, wherein R7a is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, or C1-4 alkoxy.
33. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 28, wherein R7a is Me, Et, iPr or tBu, each of which is substituted with one OH, or C1-4 alkoxy.
34. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —C(═O)NR7bR7c.
35. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 34, wherein each R7b or R7c is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
36. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —NHC(═O)OR7d.
37. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 36, wherein R7d is selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu.
38. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —NHC(═O)R7e.
39. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 38, wherein R7e is selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu.
40. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 6-9, wherein R4 is —NR8aR8b.
41. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 40, wherein each R8a or R8b is independently selected from H, Me, Et, iPr and tBu.
42. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
43. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl.
44. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is 4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl.
45. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dioxanyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected F, Cl, —CH3, —C(═O)Me, —C(═O)OMe, or —C(═O)OEt.
46. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is phenyl.
47. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is phenyl substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups.
48. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is phenyl substituted with one R5 group.
49. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
50. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl.
51. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups.
52. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 1 or 2, wherein R1 is imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups.
53. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is F, Cl, OH, or CN.
54. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkyl.
55. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is Me, or Et.
56. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more independently selected halo.
57. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected F, or Cl.
58. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one —NR9aR9b.
59. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one —NR9aR9b.
60. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 58 or 59, wherein each R9a or R9b is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
61. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one —C(═O)NR9cR9d.
62. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one —C(═O)NR9cR9d.
63. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 61 or 62, wherein each R1 or R9d is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
64. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkoxy.
65. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is OMe, or OEt.
66. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is C1-4 alkoxy substituted with one —NR9eR9f.
67. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is OMe, or OEt, each of which is substituted with one —NR9eR9f.
68. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 66 or 67, wherein each R9e or R9f is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
69. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is —S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl.
70. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 47, 48, 51 or 52, wherein R5 is —S(═O)2CH3.
71. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-70, wherein the compound is according to Formula IIIa or IIIb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00017
72. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is H.
73. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is —OH.
74. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkoxy.
75. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is —OMe, —OEt, or —OiPr.
76. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl.
77. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is Me, Et, or iPr.
78. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one OH, or CN.
79. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is —CH2—OH, or —CH2—CN.
80. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl.
81. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl.
82. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one —OMe, —OEt, or —OCH2-Phenyl.
83. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is —CH2—OMe, —CH2—OEt, or —CH2—OCH2-Phenyl.
84. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
85. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl.
86. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl.
87. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl.
88. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et.
89. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-71, wherein R2 is Me, or Et, each of which is substituted with one imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected Me, or Et.
90. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-89, wherein the compound is according to Formula IVa or IVb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00018
91. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-90, wherein each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from H, and CH3.
92. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-90, wherein R3a is H and R3b is selected from CH3, and CF3.
93. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-90, wherein R3a and R3b are H.
94. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-89, wherein the compound is according to Formula Va or Vb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00019
95. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl.
96. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is phenyl, or naphthyl.
97. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl, substituted with one or more R6 groups.
98. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is phenyl, substituted with one or more R6 groups.
99. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is phenyl, substituted with one, two, or three R6 groups.
100. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
101. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl.
102. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more R6 groups.
103. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one or more R6 groups.
104. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-94, wherein Cy is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, or benzofuranyl, each of which is substituted with one, two, or three R6 groups.
105. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is F, Cl, CN, or NO2.
106. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is —CH3.
107. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S.
108. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl.
109. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is 5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy.
110. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy.
111. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is pyrrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or pyrimidinyl, each of which is substituted with one or more independently selected F, Cl, Me, Et, OMe, or OEt.
112. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 97-99, 102-104, wherein R6 is —NR9gR9h.
113. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 113, wherein each R9′ or R9b is independently selected from H, Me, or Et.
114. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clauses 1-89, wherein the compound is according to Formula VIa or VIb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00020
wherein each one of R6, R6b and R6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH3.
115. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 115, wherein each R9g or R9h is independently selected from H, Me, and Et.
116. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 115, wherein R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, halo, and —CH3.
117. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 115, wherein R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, Cl, and —CH3.
118. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to clause 115, wherein R6b is H, and each one of R6a, and R6c is independently selected from H, F, and Cl.
119. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to any one of clauses 1-119.
120. A pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 comprising a further therapeutic agent.
121. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clause 1-119, or a pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 or 121 for use in medicine.
122. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clause 1-119, or a pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 or 121 for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
123. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to any one of clause 1-119, or a pharmaceutical composition according to clause 120 or 121 for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis.
124. A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmaceutical composition for use according to clause 123 or 124, wherein said compound or pharmaceutical composition is administered in combination with a further therapeutic agent.
125. The pharmaceutical composition according to clause 121, or the use according to clause 125, wherein the further therapeutic agent is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
126. The pharmaceutical composition according to clause 121, or the use according to clause 125, wherein the further therapeutic agent is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis.
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS
When employed as a pharmaceutical, a compound of the invention is typically administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition. Such compositions can be prepared in a manner well known in the pharmaceutical art and comprise at least one active compound of the invention according to Formula I. Generally, a compound of the invention is administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. The amount of compound of the invention actually administered will typically be determined by a physician, in the light of the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the actual compound of the invention administered, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of the patient's symptoms, and the like.
The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention can be administered by a variety of routes including oral, rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intra-articular, intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal. Depending on the intended route of delivery, a compound of the invention is preferably formulated as either injectable or oral compositions or as salves, as lotions or as patches all for transdermal administration.
The compositions for oral administration can take the form of bulk liquid solutions or suspensions, or bulk powders. More commonly, however, the compositions are presented in unit dosage forms to facilitate accurate dosing. The term ‘unit dosage forms’ refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceutical excipient, vehicle or carrier. Typical unit dosage forms include prefilled, premeasured ampules or syringes of the liquid compositions or pills, tablets, capsules or the like in the case of solid compositions. In such compositions, the compound of the invention according to Formula I is usually a minor component (from about 0.1 to about 50% by weight or preferably from about 1 to about 40% by weight) with the remainder being various vehicles or carriers and processing aids helpful for forming the desired dosing form.
Liquid forms suitable for oral administration may include a suitable aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle with buffers, suspending and dispensing agents, colorants, flavors and the like. Solid forms may include, for example, any of the following ingredients, or compound of the inventions of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint or orange flavoring.
Injectable compositions are typically based upon injectable sterile saline or phosphate-buffered saline or other injectable carriers known in the art. As before, the active compound of the invention according to Formula I in such compositions is typically a minor component, often being from about 0.05 to 10% by weight with the remainder being the injectable carrier and the like.
Transdermal compositions are typically formulated as a topical ointment or cream containing the active ingredient(s), generally in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and more preferably from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight. When formulated as an ointment, the active ingredients will typically be combined with either a paraffinic or a water-miscible ointment base. Alternatively, the active ingredients may be formulated in a cream with, for example an oil-in-water cream base. Such transdermal formulations are well-known in the art and generally include additional ingredients to enhance the dermal penetration of stability of the active ingredients or the formulation. All such known transdermal formulations and ingredients are included within the scope of this invention.
A compound of the invention can also be administered by a transdermal device. Accordingly, transdermal administration can be accomplished using a patch either of the reservoir or porous membrane type, or of a solid matrix variety.
The above-described components for orally administrable, injectable or topically administrable compositions are merely representative. Other materials as well as processing techniques and the like are set forth in Part 8 of Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th edition, 1985, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., which is incorporated herein by reference.
A compound of the invention can also be administered in sustained release forms or from sustained release drug delivery systems. A description of representative sustained release materials can be found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences.
The following formulation examples illustrate representative pharmaceutical compositions that may be prepared in accordance with this invention. The present invention, however, is not limited to the following pharmaceutical compositions.
Formulation 1—Tablets
A compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a dry gelatin binder in an approximate 1:2 weight ratio. A minor amount of magnesium stearate may be added as a lubricant. The mixture may be formed into 240-270 mg tablets (80-90 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I per tablet) in a tablet press.
Formulation 2—Capsules
A compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a starch diluent in an approximate 1:1 weight ratio. The mixture may be filled into 250 mg capsules (125 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I per capsule).
Formulation 3—Liquid
A compound of the invention according to Formula I (125 mg), may be admixed with sucrose (1.75 g) and xanthan gum (4 mg) and the resultant mixture may be blended, passed through a No. 10 mesh U.S. sieve, and then mixed with a previously made solution of microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (11:89, 50 mg) in water. Sodium benzoate (10 mg), flavor, and color may be diluted with water and added with stirring. Sufficient water may then be added with stirring. Further sufficient water may be then added to produce a total volume of 5 mL.
Formulation 4—Tablets
A compound of the invention according to Formula I may be admixed as a dry powder with a dry gelatin binder in an approximate 1:2 weight ratio. A minor amount of magnesium stearate may be added as a lubricant. The mixture may be formed into 450-900 mg tablets (150-300 mg of active compound of the invention according to Formula I) in a tablet press.
Formulation 5—Injection
A compound of the invention according to Formula I may be dissolved or suspended in a buffered sterile saline injectable aqueous medium to a concentration of approximately 5 mg/mL.
Formulation 6—Topical
Stearyl alcohol (250 g) and a white petrolatum (250 g) may be melted at about 75° C. and then a mixture of A compound of the invention according to Formula I (50 g) methylparaben (0.25 g), propylparaben (0.15 g), sodium lauryl sulfate (10 g), and propylene glycol (120 g) dissolved in water (about 370 g) may be added and the resulting mixture may be stirred until it congeals.
Methods of Treatment
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in medicine. In a particular embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and another therapeutic agent. In a particular embodiment, the other therapeutic agent is an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
In additional method of treatment aspects, this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
In additional method of treatment aspects, this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with inflammatory conditions, and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases. In a particular embodiment, the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases. In a particular embodiment, the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
In additional method of treatment aspects, this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with inflammatory diseases, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition. In a particular embodiment, the inflammatory disease is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. More particularly, the inflammatory disease is osteoarthritis.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In a particular embodiment, the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly, the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is osteoarthritis (OA).
In another embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of the invention, or pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention for use in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis. In a particular embodiment, the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly, the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is osteoarthritis (OA).
In additional method of treatment aspects, this invention provides methods of prophylaxis and/or treatment of a mammal afflicted with diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis, which methods comprise the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the invention or one or more of the pharmaceutical compositions herein described for the treatment or prophylaxis of said condition. In a particular embodiment, the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is selected from osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, septic or infectious arthritis, reactive arthritis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, achondroplasia, Paget's disease, Tietze syndrome or costal chondritis, fibromyalgia, osteochondritis, neurogenic or neuropathic arthritis, arthropathy, sarcoidosis, amylosis, hydarthrosis, periodical disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, endemic forms of arthritis like osteoarthritis deformans endemica, Mseleni disease and Handigodu disease; degeneration resulting from fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and ankylosing spondylitis. More particularly the diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis is osteoarthritis (OA).
Injection dose levels range from about 0.1 mg/kg/h to at least 10 mg/kg/h, all for from about 1 to about 120 h and especially 24 to 96 h. A preloading bolus of from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg or more may also be administered to achieve adequate steady state levels. The maximum total dose is not expected to exceed about 1 g/day for a 40 to 80 kg human patient.
For the prophylaxis and/or treatment of long-term conditions, such as degenerative conditions, the regimen for treatment usually stretches over many months or years so oral dosing is preferred for patient convenience and tolerance. With oral dosing, one to four (1-4) regular doses daily, especially one to three (1-3) regular doses daily, typically one to two (1-2) regular doses daily, and most typically one (1) regular dose daily are representative regimens. Alternatively for long lasting effect drugs, with oral dosing, once every other week, once weekly, and once a day are representative regimens. In particular, dosage regimen can be every 1-14 days, more particularly 1-10 days, even more particularly 1-7 days, and most particularly 1-3 days.
Using these dosing patterns, each dose provides from about 1 to about 1000 mg of a compound of the invention, with particular doses each providing from about 10 to about 500 mg and especially about 30 to about 250 mg.
Transdermal doses are generally selected to provide similar or lower blood levels than are achieved using injection doses.
When used to prevent the onset of a condition, a compound of the invention will be administered to a patient at risk for developing the condition, typically on the advice and under the supervision of a physician, at the dosage levels described above. Patients at risk for developing a particular condition generally include those that have a family history of the condition, or those who have been identified by genetic testing or screening to be particularly susceptible to developing the condition.
A compound of the invention can be administered as the sole active agent or it can be administered in combination with other therapeutic agents, including other compound of the inventions that demonstrate the same or a similar therapeutic activity and that are determined to be safe and efficacious for such combined administration. In a specific embodiment, co-administration of two (or more) agents allows for significantly lower doses of each to be used, thereby reducing the side effects seen.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention is administered as a medicament. In a specific embodiment, said pharmaceutical composition additionally comprises a further active ingredient.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a disease involving inflammation, particular agents include, but are not limited to, immunoregulatory agents e.g. azathioprine, corticosteroids (e.g. prednisolone or dexamethasone), cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, mofetil, muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, e.g. Orthocolone®), ATG, aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and piroxicam.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of arthritis (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), particular agents include but are not limited to analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), steroids, synthetic DMARDS (for example but without limitation methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, Auranofnm, sodium aurothiomalate, penicillamine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, tofacitinib, baricitinib, fostamatinib, and cyclosporin), and biological DMARDS (for example but without limitation infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, rituximab, and abatacept).
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of SLE, particular agents include but are not limited to: human monoclonal antibodies (belimumab (Benlysta)), Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as antimalarials (e.g. plaquenil, hydroxychloroquine), immunosuppressants (e.g. methotrexate and azathioprine), cyclophosphamide and mycophenolic acid, immunosuppressive drugs and analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opiates (e.g. dextropropoxyphene and co-codamol), opioids (e.g. hydrocodone, oxycodone, MS Contin, or methadone) and the fentanyl duragesic transdermal patch.
In one embodiment, a compound of the invention is co-administered with another therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of psoriasis, particular agents include but are not limited to: topical treatments such as bath solutions, moisturizers, medicated creams and ointments containing coal tar, dithranol (anthralin), corticosteroids like desoximetasone (Topicort™), fluocinonide, vitamin D3 analogues (for example, calcipotriol), argan oil and retinoids (etretinate, acitretin, tazarotene), systemic treatments such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, retinoids, tioguanine, hydroxyurea, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, tacrolimus, fumaric acid esters or biologics such as Amevive™, Enbrel™, Humira™, Remicade™, Raptiva™ and ustekinumab (a IL-12 and IL-23 blocker). Additionally, a compound of the invention may be administered in combination with other therapies including, but not limited to phototherapy, or photochemotherapy (e.g. psoralen and ultraviolet A phototherapy (PUVA)).
By co-administration is included any means of delivering two or more therapeutic agents to the patient as part of the same treatment regime, as will be apparent to the skilled person. Whilst the two or more agents may be administered simultaneously in a single formulation, i.e. as a single pharmaceutical composition, this is not essential. The agents may be administered in different formulations and at different times.
Chemical Synthetic Procedures General
The compound of the invention can be prepared from readily available starting materials using the following general methods and procedures. It will be appreciated that where typical or preferred process conditions (i.e. reaction temperatures, times, mole ratios of reactants, solvents, pressures, etc.) are given, other process conditions can also be used unless otherwise stated. Optimum reaction conditions may vary with the particular reactants or solvent used, but such conditions can be determined by one skilled in the art by routine optimization procedures.
Additionally, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, conventional protecting groups may be necessary to prevent certain functional groups from undergoing undesired reactions. The choice of a suitable protecting group for a particular functional group as well as suitable conditions for protection and deprotection are well known in the art (Wuts and Greene, 2012).
The following methods are presented with details as to the preparation of a compound of the invention as defined hereinabove and the comparative examples. A compound of the invention may be prepared from known or commercially available starting materials and reagents by one skilled in the art of organic synthesis.
All reagents are of commercial grade and are used as received without further purification, unless otherwise stated. Commercially available anhydrous solvents are used for reactions conducted under inert atmosphere. Reagent grade solvents are used in all other cases, unless otherwise specified. Column chromatography is performed on silica gel 60 (35-70 μm). Thin layer chromatography is carried out using pre-coated silica gel 60F-254 plates (thickness 0.25 mm). 1H NMR spectra are recorded on a 400 MHz Avance Bruker spectrometer or a 300 MHz DPX Bruker spectrometer. Chemical shifts (δ) for 1H NMR spectra are reported in parts per million (ppm) relative to tetramethylsilane (δ 0.00) or the appropriate residual solvent peak, i.e. CHCl3 (δ 7.27), as internal reference. Multiplicities are given as singlet (s), doublet (d), triplet (t), quartet (q), quintuplet (quin), multiplet (m) and broad (br). Electrospray MS spectra are obtained on a Waters platform LC/MS spectrometer or with Waters Acquity UPLC with Waters Acquity PDA detector and SQD mass spectrometer. Columns used: UPLC BEH C18 1.7 μm 2.1×5 mm VanGuard Pre-column with Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 μm 2.1×30 mm Column or Acquity UPLC BEH C18 1.7 μm 2.1×50 mm Column. All the methods are using MeCN/H2O gradients. MeCN and H2O contain either 0.1% Formic Acid or 0.05% NH3. Preparative LCMS: column used, Waters XBridge Prep C18 5 μm ODB 30 mm ID×100 mm L (preparative column) and Waters XBridge C18 5 μm 4.6 mm ID×100 mm L (analytical column). All the methods are using MeCN/H2O gradients. MeCN and H2O contain either 0.1% Formic Acid or 0.1% Diethylamine. Chiral HPLC analysis are obtained from a Waters 2690 Alliance HPLC system. Microwave heating is performed with a Biotage Initiator. Optical rotation was determined on a Dr. Kernchen Propol digital automatic polarimeter.
TABLE I
List of abbreviations used in the experimental section:
Abbreviation Definition
μL microliter
AUC Area Under the Curve
BINAP 2,2′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalene
Bn Benzyl
br. d Broad doublet
Boc tert-Butyloxy-carbonyl
BOP (Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethyl-
amino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate
br. s Broad singlet
br. t Broad triplet
Cat. Catalytic amount
CDI 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole
COCl2 Phosgene
Cpd Compound
d doublet
DavePhos 2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′-
(N,N-dimethylamino)biphenyl
DCM Dichloromethane
DEAD Diethyl azodicarboxylate
DIPE Diisopropylether
DIPEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
DMA Dimethylacetamide
DMAP 4-Dimethylaminopyridine
DME Dimethoxyethane
DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
DMPU 1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-
pyrimidinone
DMSO Dimethylsulfoxide
dppf 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene
EDC 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide)
EDC•HCl N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide
hydrochloride
eq. Equivalent
Et3N Triethylamine
Et2O Diethyl ether
EtOAc Ethyl acetate
EtOH Ethanol
FBS Fetal bovine serum
g gram
h hour
HATU O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-
tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
HOBt Hydroxybenzotriazole
HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography
HPLC/MS High-performance liquid chromatography/
mass-spectrometry
HRMS High-resolution Mass Spectrometry
HRP horseradish peroxydase
Int Intermediate
JohnPhos (2-Biphenyl)di-tert-butylphosphine
kg kilogram
L liter
LCMS Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry
LDA Lithium diisopropylamide
LiHMDS Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
m multiplet
m-CPBA 3-Chloroperbenzoic acid
MeCN Acetonitrile
MEK Methyl ethyl ketone
Meldrum's acid 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione
MeOH Methanol
mg milligram
min minute
mL milliliter
mmol millimoles
MMP Matrix Metallo Proteinase
Ms'd Mass measured by LCMS
Mtd Method
Mukaiyama reagent 2-Chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide
MW Molecular weight
N.A. Not available
n/a No measurable activity
iPrOH Isopropyl alcohol
nBuOH n-Butanol
NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
PBF phosphate buffered formalin
PBS Phosphate buffered salin
P(tBu)3 Tristertbutylphosphine
P(Bu)3 Tributylphosphine
Pd(PPh3)4 Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)
Pd/C Palladium on Carbon 10%
Pd2(dba)3 Tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium(0)
PdCl2(dppf) [1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]
dichloropalladium(II)
PdCl2[P(o-Tol)3]2 Dichlorobis(tri-o-tolylphosphine)palladium(II)
Pd(OAc)2 Palladium(II) acetate
Pd(OH)2/C Palladium hydroxide on carbon
PEG Polyethylene glycol
PEPPSI ™-IPr [1,3-Bis(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-
ylidene](3-chloropyridyl) palladium(II) dichloride
ppm part-per-million
PS-CDI Polymer supported 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole
PS-Mukaiyama Polymer supported Mukaiyama reagent
reagent
q quadruplet
r.t. room temperature
RNA Ribonucleic acid
Rt retention time
RuPhos 2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-
diisopropoxybiphenyl
s singlet
SCX Biotage Isolute ® SCX(Biotage Part 530)
SCX-2 Biotage Isolute ® SCX-2 (Biotage Part 532)
sept septuplet
SFC Supercritical fluid chromatography
SM Starting Material
Ster Stereochemistry
t triplet
TBAF Tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride
5(6)-TAMRA 5(6)-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine
(CAS# 98181-63-6)
5-FAM 5-carboxyfluorescein (CAS# 76823-03-5)
t-BuOH Tert-butanol
TBDPSCl Tert-butyldiphenylsilyl chloride
TBSCl Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride
TEA Triethylamine
TFA Trifluoroacetic acid
THF Tetrahydrofuran
TLC Thin-layer chromatography
TIPS triisopropyl silyl
UPLC/MS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/
mass-spectrometry
XantPhos 4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene
XPhos 2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-
triisopropylbiphenyl
SYNTHETIC PREPARATION OF THE COMPOUND OF THE INVENTION Example 1. General Synthetic Methods 1.1. Synthetic Methods Overview
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00021
General Methods A: Preparation of Arylpiperazine
Method A1: NBoc protection
Method A2: Buchwald reaction with NBoc-piperazine
Method A3: Suzuki reaction
Method A4: SNAr with NBoc-piperazine
Method A5: NBoc deprotection
Method A6: with TIPS protecting group
Method A7: Buchwald reaction with NH-piperazine
Method A8: SNAr with NH-piperazine
General Methods C: Preparation of Ketoester
Method C1: from Meldrum's acid
Method C2: with tert-butyl bromoacetate
Method C3: esterification
Method C4: Stetter reaction
Method C5: via epoxide opening
General Method D: Preparation of Ketoamide
Method D1: preparation of acrylamide
Method D2: Stetter reaction
Method D4: Oxidative cleavage
Method D5: via furan oxidation
Method D6: via a-bromo ketone
Method D7: ketoamide functionalization by Suzuki coupling
General Method E: Functionalization of g-Ketoamide
General Method F: Bucherer Bergs Reaction
General Method G: Method for Preparation of Hydantoin Propionic Acids
General Method H: Amide Bond Formation
Method H1: EDC/HOBt
Method H2: HATU
Method H3: BOP
Method H4: CDI
Method H5: Mukaiyama reagent
General Method I: Functionalization of Final Compound
Method I1: acetylation
Method I2: N-Boc deprotection
Method I3: alkylation
Method I4: O-debenzylation
Method I5: Two-steps functionalization by Suzuki reaction
Method I6: Suzuki reaction
1.2. General Methods 1.2.1. General Methods A: Preparation of Arylpiperazine 1.2.1.1. Method A1: NBoc Protection
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00022
1.2.1.2. Illustrative Synthesis of cis-3,5-dimethyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00023
To a solution of the cis-2,6-dimethyl-piperazine (2 g, 17.515 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (200 mL) at 0° C. is added dropwise a solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in DCM (20 mL). After 3.5 h, reaction mixture is quenched by a saturated Na2CO3 solution, the organic layer is separated, and the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) affords the expected product.
1.2.2. Method A2: Buchwald Reaction with NBoc-Piperazine
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00024
1.2.2.1. Method A2a (Pd2(dba)3/BINAP)
A flask is charged with N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), bromoderivative (0.5-2 eq.), BINAP (0.042-0.12 eq.), NaOtBu (0.7-1.4 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (0.021-0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 90-110° C. for 2 h-20 h. The reaction mixture is quenched by addition of water or saturated NaHCO3 solution, extracted with DCM or EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4 or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine (used as such or purified by flash chromatography on silica gel).
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-3-Methyl-4-(5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00025
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (291 mg, 1.453 mmol, 1 eq.), 3-bromo-5-methyl-pyridine (300 mg, 1.744 mmol, 1.2 eq.), BINAP (45 mg, 0.073 mmol, 0.05 eq.), NaOtBu (196 mg, 2.034 mmol, 1.4 eq.) and toluene (2 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (33 mg, 0.036 mmol, 0.025 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. overnight, quenched with water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 98/2) affords the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 291; m/z MW (obsd): 292 (M+H).
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00026
A flask is loaded with (S)-3-Methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (75 g, 0.374 mol, 1 eq.) and dry toluene (375 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2, 1-Bromo-3,5-difluoro-benzene (47.3 mL, 0.412 mol, 1.1 eq.), NaOtBu (50.4 g, 0.524 mol, 1.4 eq.) and BINAP (11.66 g, 0.019 g, 0.05 eq.) are added. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (5.14 g, 0.006 mol, 0.015 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is stirred at 110° C. for 2.5 h, quenched with water and EtOAc, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected N-Boc-arylpiperazine. LCMS: MW (calcd): 312; m/z MW (obsd): 313 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.1 Method A2b (Pd(OAc)2/JohnPhos)
A flask is charged with N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), halide derivative (1.1-1.2 eq.), JohnPhos (0.1-0.12 eq.), NaOtBu (1.2-1.4 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd(OAc)2 (0.06-0.1 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. for 2 h-20 h, quenched by addition of water or saturated NaHCO3 solution, extracted with DCM or EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4 or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-4-(4-Chloro-pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00027
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 g, 4.993 mmol, 1 eq.), 2,4-dichloro-pyridine (887 mg, 5.992 mmol, 1.2 eq.), JohnPhos (149 mg, 0.499 mmol, 0.1 eq.), NaOtBu (672 mg, 6.990 mmol, 1.4 eq.) and toluene (5 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd(OAc)2 (112 mg, 0.499 mmol, 0.1 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. overnight, quenched by addition of water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel affords the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 312; m/z MW (obsd): 312-314 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.2 Method A2c (PEPPSI) Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-2-Methyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-[1,2′]bipyrazinyl-4-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00028
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3 g, 14.979 mmol, 1 eq.), 2-chloropyrazine (1.71 g, 14.979 mmol, 1 eq.), Cs2CO3 (6.83 g, 20.97 mmol, 1.4 eq.) and DME (60 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and PEPPSI™-IPr (0.2 g, 0.3 mmol, 0.02 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. overnight, quenched with water, extracted with Et2O. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 80/20 to 30/70) affords the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 278; m/z MW (obsd): 279 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.3 Method A2d (Pd(OAc)2/P(tBu)3)
A flask is charged with N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), bromo derivative (1.1 eq.), Pd(OAc)2 (0.06 eq.), NaOtBu (1.5 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and P(tBu)3 (1M solution in toluene, 0.12 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 105° C. for 4 h-20 h, filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc and DCM. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-3-Methyl-4-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00029
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (50 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1 eq.), 5-bromomethylindazole (58 mg, 0.27 mmol, 1.1 eq.), Pd(OAc)2 (3 mg, 0.015 mmol, 0.06 eq.), NaOtBu (36 mg, 0.38 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and P(tBu)3 (1M solution in toluene, 30 μL, 0.03 mmol, 0.12 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 105° C. overnight, filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc and DCM. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 70/30) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 330; m/z MW (obsd): 331 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.4 Method A2e (Pd2(dba)/Xantphos)
A flask is charged with N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), bromo derivative (0.67 eq. to 1.1 eq.), a base (Cs2CO3, 2 eq. or NaOtBu, 1.4 eq.), Xantphos (0.12 eq.) and a solvent (toluene or dioxane). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 115° C. for 4.5 h and is either filtered on celpure P65 or submitted to water/EtOAc work up. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-4-(3-Cyano-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00030
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (100 mg, 0.50 mmol, 1 eq.), 3-bromo-5-fluoro-benzonitrile (110 mg, 0.55 mmol, 1.1 eq.), NaOtBu (67 mg, 0.7 mmol, 1.4 eq.), Xantphos (35 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.12 eq.) and toluene (2 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (27 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 115° C. for 4.5 h and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 80/20) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 319; m/z MW (obsd): 320 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.5 Method A2f (Pd2(dba)3/DavePhos)
A flask is charged with N-Boc protected piperazine (1 eq.), bromoderivative (1.1 eq.), DavePhos (0.12 eq.), NaOtBu (1.2 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture heated at 90-110° C. for 2 h-20 h and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-3-Methyl-4-quinolin-3-yl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00031
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (100 mg, 0.50 mmol, 1 eq.), 3-bromoquinoleine (114 mg, 0.55 mmol, 1.1 eq.), DavePhos (24 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.12 eq.), NaOtBu (58 mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.2 eq.) and toluene (2 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (27 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 95° C. overnight and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 70/30) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 327; m/z MW (obsd): 328 (M+H).
1.2.2.1.6 Method A2g (Pd2(dba)/Xphos) Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-3-Methyl-4-(1-methyl-H-pyrazol-3-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00032
A flask is charged with (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 2.5 mmol, 1 eq.), 3-bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole (442 mg, 2.75 mmol, 1.1 eq.), NaOtBu (288 mg, 3 mmol, 1.2 eq.), XPhos (143 mg, 0.3 mmol, 0.12 eq.) and tolulene (15 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (137 mg, 0.15 mmol, 0.06 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 105° C. overnight, quenched with saturated NaHCO3 solution, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 280; m/z MW (obsd): 281 (M+H).
1.2.2.2. Method A3: Suzuki Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00033
G1=H, C or F
A solution of Na2CO3 (3 eq.) in water is added to a mixture of halogeno derivative (1 eq., obtained by any method A2), boronic ester (2 eq.) and dioxane degassed with argon. PdCl2(dppf) (0.2 eq.) is added, and the reaction is stirred at 140° C. in a microwave reactor for 30 min to 45 min. The reaction mixture is poured in water and DCM. The organic layer is washed with water and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine (used as such or purified by flash chromatography on silica gel).
Illustrative Synthesis of(S)-4-[3-Fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00034
A solution of Na2CO3 (771 mg, 4.02 mmol, 3 eq.) in water (4 mL) is added to a mixture of ((S)-4-(3-Bromo-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 1.34 mmol, 1 eq.), 4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (520 mg, 2.68 mmol, 2 eq.) and dioxane (8 mL) degassed with argon. PdCl2(dppf) (219 mg, 0.27 mmol, 0.2 eq.) is added, and the reaction is stirred at 140° C. in a microwave reactor for 40 min. Reaction mixture is poured in 50 mL water and 50 mL DCM and extracted. The organic layer is washed with water and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product used in next reaction step without further purification. LCMS: MW (calcd): 360; m/z MW (obsd): 361 (M+H).
1.2.2.3. Method A4: SNAr with NBoc-piperazine
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00035
A vial is charged with arylchloride derivative (1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 to 1.6 eq.), a base (Et3N or DIPEA, 1 to 3 eq.) and a solvent (DCM, DMF, THF or MeCN). The reaction mixture is heated (60° C.-120° C.) for 1.5 h to 5 days. The appropriate work up (concentration in vacuo or aqueous work up extracting with EtOAc) followed by purification by flash chromatography on silica gel affords the expected arylpiperazine.
Illustrative Synthesis of (S)-4-(6-Chloro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00036
A vial is charged with 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (3.55 g, 23.83 mmol, 1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (5 g, 25.02 mmol, 1.05 eq.), Et3N (3.35 mL, 23.83 mmol, 1 eq.) and CH3CN (70 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at 120° C. for 1.5 h, concentrated in vacuo and the residue is taken up in EtOAC, washed with a saturated NH4C1 solution, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 90/10 to 80/20) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 323; m/z MW (obsd): 313-315 (M+H).
1.2.2.4. Method A5: NBoc Deprotection
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00037
1.2.2.4.1 Method A5a (HCl)
A flask is charged with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (1 eq.), HCl 4N in dioxane (10 to 40 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h to 2 days. If a precipitate is formed, it is filtered and washed with Et2O or CH3CN, otherwise, the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo. Both work up afford the expected arylpiperazine as hydrochloride salt.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 198
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00038
A flask is charged with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (4.06 g, 12.35 mmol, 1 eq.), HCl 4N in dioxane (100 mL, 400 mmol, 32 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is triturated in Et2O, filtered and dried in vacuo to afford the expected product as hydrochloride salt. LCMS: MW (calcd): 229; m/z MW (obsd): 229-231 (M+H).
Illustrative Synthesis of (2S)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-piperazine (Int 207)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00039
A flask is loaded with (S)-4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (64 g, 0.204 mol, 1 eq.) and acetonitrile (191 mL). HCl 4N in dioxane (255 mL, 1.018 mol, 5 eq.) is added at 0° C. and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1.5 h then at r.t. for 3.5 h. The precipitate is filtered, washed with acetonitrile and Et2O, suspended in a mixture acetonitrile/Et2O (300 mL/100 mL) and stirred at r.t. overnight. The suspension is filtered; the precipitate is washed again with acetonitrile and Et2O and dried in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine hydrochloride salt. LCMS: MW (calcd): 212; m/z MW (obsd): 213 (M+H).
1.2.2.4.2 Method A5b (HCl+Basic Work Up)
To a solution of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (1 eq.) in acetonitrile or DCM is added HCl 4N in dioxane (10 to 40 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h to 2 days, concentrated in vacuo and the residue is taken up in water and EtOAc or DCM. The aqueous layer is separated and basified (with either NaOH 1N solution or with a saturated Na2CO3 or NaHCO3 solution) and extracted with EtOAc or DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 (or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 278
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00040
N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (632 mg, 2.88 mmol, 1 eq.) is stirred in HCl 4N in dioxane (6 mL) at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture is diluted with water, a solution of saturated NaHCO3 is added and the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM several times. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 224; m/z MW (obsd): 225-227 (M+H).
1.2.2.4.3 Method A5c (TFA+Basic Work Up)
A flask is charged with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (1 eq.) and a mixture DCM/TFA (5/1). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h to 3 h, concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in a saturated Na2CO3 solution and extracted with EtOAc and/or EtOAc/n-BuOH. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 259
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00041
A flask is charged with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (320 mg, 0.97 mmol, 1 eq.), DCM (5 mL) and TFA (1 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h, concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in a saturated Na2CO3 solution and extracted with EtOAc and EtOAc/n-BuOH. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 230; m/z MW (obsd): 231 (M+H).
1.2.2.4.4 Method A5e (H2SO4): Boc and Acetamide Deprotection Illustrative Synthesis of Int 193
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00042
A flask is charged with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (60 mg, 0.16 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and water (1 mL), and concentrated sulfuric acid (0.2 mL) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at 80° C. for 16 h. An aqueous NaOH 2N solution is added until pH reaches 13, and the aqueous phase is extracted 3 times with DCM. The combined organic phases are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 239; m/z MW (obsd): 240 (M+H).
1.2.2.5. Method A6: With TIPS Protecting Group
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00043
wherein G2=C or N
Step i
To a solution of the bromo heteroaryl derivative (1 eq.) in THF at 0° C. is added NaH portionwise (50% in oil, 2 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h, cooled to 0° C. and a solution of triisopropylsilyl chloride (1.2 eq.) in THF is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between water and EtOAc, the organic layer is dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel affords the expected triisopropylsilyl derivative.
Step ii
A flask is charged with bromoderivative (1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.15 eq.), NaOtBu (1.7 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and PdCl2[P(o-Tol)3]2 (0.05 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. overnight, quenched by addition of water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected NBoc-arylpiperazine.
Step iii
To a solution of the NBoc-arylpiperazine (1 eq.) in DCM is added TFA (50 eq.). Reaction mixture stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in EtOAc and saturated NaHCO3 solution and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected NH-arylpiperazine.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 257
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00044
Step i) 5-Bromo-1-(triisopropylsilyl)-1H-indole
To a solution of 5-bromo-1H-indole (1.96 g, 10 mmol, 1 eq.) in THF (80 mL) at 0° C. is added NaH portionwise (50% in oil, 1 g, 20 mmol, 2 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h, cooled to 0° C. and a solution of triisopropylsilyl chloride (2.3 g, 12 mmol, 1.2 eq.) in THF (10 mL) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between water and EtOAc, the organic layer is dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) affords the expected triisopropylsilyl derivative. LCMS: MW (calcd): 352; m/z MW (obsd): 352-354 (M+H).
Step ii) (S)-3-Methyl-4-(1-(triisopropylsilyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
A flask is charged with bromo triisopropylsilyl derivative (1.4 g, 3.5 mmol, 1 eq.), (S)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (800 mg, 4 mmol, 1.15 eq.), NaOtBu (576 mg, 6 mmol, 1.7 eq.) and toluene (25 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and PdCl2[P(o-Tol)3]2 (160 mg, 0.2 mmol, 0.05 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. overnight, quenched by addition of water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected NBoc-arylpiperazine. LCMS: MW (calcd): 472; m/z MW (obsd): 473 (M+H).
Step iii) 5-((S)-2-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole
To a solution of the NBoc-arylpiperazine (370 mg, 0.79 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (30 mL) is added TFA (3 mL). Reaction mixture stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in EtOAc and saturated NaHCO3 solution and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 215; m/z MW (obsd): 216 (M+H).
1.2.2.6. Method A7: Buchwald Reaction with NH-piperazine
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00045
A flask is charged with bromoaryl derivative (1 eq.), piperazine (4-6 eq.), BINAP (0.06-0.22 eq.), NaOtBu (1.4-2.5 eq.) and toluene. The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (0.03-0.11 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 100-110° C. for 2 h-20 h. The reaction mixture is extracted with HCl 1N solution. The aqueous layer is basified with NaOH 2N solution and extracted with EtOAc or DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4 or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine used without further purification.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 266
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00046
A flask is charged with 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2-methyl-benzene (189 mg, 1 mmol, 1 eq.), piperazine (517 mg, 6 mmol, 6 eq.), BINAP (37 mg, 0.06 mmol, 0.06 eq.), NaOtBu (135 mg, 1.4 mmol, 1.4 eq.) and toluene (2 mL). The reaction mixture is degassed with N2 and Pd2(dba)3 (27 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.03 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is heated at 110° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is extracted with HCl 1N solution. The aqueous layer is basified with NaOH 2N solution and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 194; m/z MW (obsd): 195 (M+H).
1.2.2.7. Method A8: SNAr with NH-piperazine
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00047
A vial is charged with arylfluoride derivative (1 eq.), piperazine (2-8 eq.), K2CO3 (1.5-2.6 eq.) and a solvent (dioxane, DMSO). The reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. for 1-3 days, diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc or DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4 or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected arylpiperazine used without further purification.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 269
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00048
A vial is charged with 3-chloro-5-fluoro-pyridine (195 mg, 1.5 mmol, 1 eq.), piperazine (1.03 g, 12.0 mmol, 8 eq.), K2CO3 (553 mg, 4.0 mmol, 2.6 eq.) and a solvent dry dioxane (5 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. for 3 days, diluted with water and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 198; m/z MW (obsd): 198-200 (M+H).
1.23. General Methods C: Preparation of Ketoester 1.2.3.1. Method C1: from Meldrum's Acid
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00049
Step i
To a solution of the carboxylic acid (1 eq.) in DCM at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere is added portionwise DMAP (1.5 eq.) then 2,2-Dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione (1.1 eq.) then EDC.HCl (1.2 eq.). After 10 min at 0° C., the reaction mixture is warmed to r.t. and stirred for 4 h. The reaction mixture is quenched with a solution of KHSO4 5%. The aqueous phase is extracted with DCM, the combined organic layers are washed with a solution of KHSO4 5%, water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. This residue is taken up in anhydrous toluene and benzyl alcohol (1.1 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at 120° C. for 16 h to 20 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected β-ketoester.
Step ii
To a solution of the β-ketoester (1 eq.) in MEK are added K2CO3 (2 eq.), NaI (0.1 eq.) and bromoderivative (1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 90° C. for 6 h to 16 h and cooled to r.t. Water is added, reaction mixture acidified to pH 8 and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoester.
Step iii
To a solution of the γ-ketoester (1 eq.) in MeOH (or EtOH) are added Pd(OH)2/C (0.01 eq.), and cyclohexene (10-50 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 70-80° C. for 19 h. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65 and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is used as such or is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoester.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 158
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00050
Step i) 4-Methoxy-3-oxo-butyric acid benzyl ester
To a solution of methoxy-acetic acid (5.11 mL, 0.067 mol, 1 eq.) in DCM (160 mL) at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere is added portionwise DMAP (12.21 g, 0.100 mol, 1.5 eq.) then 2,2-Dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione (10.56 g, 0.073 mol, 1.1 eq.) then EDC.HCl (15.32 g, 0.080 mol, 1.2 eq.). After 10 min at 0° C., the reaction mixture is warmed to r.t. and stirred for 4 h. The reaction mixture is quenched with a solution of KHSO4 5%. The aqueous phase is extracted with DCM, the combined organic layers are washed with a solution of KHSO4 5%, water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. This residue is taken up in anhydrous toluene (220 mL) and benzyl alcohol (7.59 mL, 0.073 mol, 1.1 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at 120° C. for 16 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM 100%) to afford the expected β-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 222; m/z MW (obsd): 245.3 (M+Na).
Step ii) 2-(2-Methoxy-acetyl)-3-benzyl-succinic acid 4-tert-butyl ester 1-methyl ester
To a solution of the β-ketoester (8.96 g, 0.040 mol, 1 eq.) in MEK (120 mL) are added K2CO3 (11.14 g, 0.081 mol, 2 eq.), NaI (0.6 g, 0.004 mol, 0.1 eq.) and 2-Bromo-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (6.69 mL, 0.040 mol, 1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 90° C. for 6 h and cooled to r.t. Water is added, reaction mixture is acidified to pH 8 and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected γ-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 350; m/z MW (obsd): 373.4 (M+Na).
Step iii) 5-Methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester
To a solution of the γ-ketoester (6.42 g, 0.018 mol, 1 eq.) in MeOH are added Pd(OH)2/C (0.642 g, 0.002 mol, 0.01 eq.), and cyclohexene (93 mL, 0.916 mol, 50 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 70° C. for 19 h. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with MeOH and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 70/30) to afford the expectected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 216; m/z MW (obsd): 239.3 (M+Na).
1.2.3.2. Method C2: with tert-butyl bromoacetate
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00051
To a solution of the acetyl derivative (1 eq.) in THF and DMPU at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere is added LiHMDS (1M solution in THF, 1.2 eq.) dropwise. After 15 min at 0° C., tert-butyl bromoacetate (1.5 eq.) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture is quenched by a saturated NH4C1 solution, the organic layer is separated, and the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel affords the expected γ-ketoester.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 141
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00052
To a solution of the 2-acetyl pyrimidine (2 g, 16.38 mmol, 1 eq.) in THF and DMPU at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere is added LiHMDS (1M solution in THF, 19.6 mL, 19.65 mmol, 1.2 eq.) dropwise. After 15 min at 0° C., tert-butyl bromoacetate (3.96 mL, 24.56 mmol, 1.5 eq.) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture is quenched by a saturated NH4Cl solution, the organic layer is separated, and the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 80/20 to 50/50) affords the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 236; m/z MW (obsd): 237 (M+H).
1.2.3.3. Method C3: Esterification
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00053
A glass pressure flask is charged with the carboxylic acid (1 eq.), DCM and concentrated H2SO4 (0.1 eq.). It is capped and weighted as such. It is then cooled to −45° C., the flask is opened and isobutene is bubbled through the cold reaction mixture for approximately 5 min. The flask is capped and weighted. The process is repeated until the expected weigh of isobutene is obtained (5 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 days, then the flask is cooled to −45° C. prior to opening. A saturated NaHCO3 solution is added portionwise, and the vigorous stirring kept for 30 min. The organic layer is separated; the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo (with a minimum vacuum of 50 mbar) to afford the expected γ-ketoester.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 171
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00054
A glass pressure flask is charged with 2-Methyl-4-oxo-hexanoic acid (Kato et al., 2003) (7.3 g, 50.6 mmol, 1 eq.), DCM (40 mL) and concentrated H2SO4 (270 μL, 5.06 mmol, 0.1 eq.). The flask is capped and weighted as such. It is then cooled to −45° C., the flask is opened and isobutene is bubbled through the cold reaction mixture for approximately 5 min. The flask is capped and weighted (11 g of isobutene is condensed). The process is repeated until the expected weight of isobutene is obtained (14.2 g, 253.2 mmol, 5 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 days, then the flask is cooled to −45° C. prior to opening. A saturated NaHCO3 solution is added portionwise, and the vigorous stirring kept for 30 min. The organic layer is separated; the aqueous layer is extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo (with a minimum vacuum of 50 mbar) to afford the expected product.
1.2.3.4. Method C4: Stetter Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00055
A vial is charged with aldehyde (1 eq.), tert-butyl ester acrylate (1 eq.), P(Bu)3 (1 eq.) and dry THF. The vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h to 16 h. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected γ-ketoester after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 181
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00056
To a solution of 1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde (1 g, 9.1 mmol, 1.1 eq.) in THF (12 mL) is added P(Bu)3 (2.16 mL, 8.7 mmol, 1.05 eq.) and the reaction mixture is heated at 50° C. for 5 min. tert-butyl ester acrylate (1.2 mL, 8.3 mmol, 1 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at 80° C. for 3 h. tert-butyl ester acrylate (0.3 mL, 0.25 eq.) is added and this process (heating 3 h and addition of tert-butyl ester acrylate) is repeated until no evolution is observed by TLC (EtOAc) and UPLC/MS. The reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo and the residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 0/100) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 238; m/z MW (obsd): 239 (M+H).
1.2.3.5. Method C5: Via Epoxide Opening
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00057
Step i
To a solution of alkene (1 eq.) in DCM at 0° C., is added m-CPBA (1.5 eq.) and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The white precipitate is filtered and washed with DCM. The filtrate is washed with a saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected epoxide.
Step ii
A sealed tube is charged with the epoxide (1 eq.), EtOH and secondary amine (1.5 eq.). After heating at reflux for 3 h30, the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in DCM, washed with a saturated NH4C1 solution, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected aminoalcohol used in next step without further purification.
Step iii
A two necked flask, under N2 atmosphere, is charged with dry DCM and (COCl)2 (1.1 eq.). The reaction mixture is cooled to −70° C., a solution of DMSO (2.4 eq.) in dry DCM is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred at −70° C./−60° C. for 45 min. A solution of the aminoalcohol (1 eq.) in dry DCM is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred for 1 h at −60° C. Et3N (5 eq.) is added dropwise. Reaction mixture stirred at −40° C. for 30 min then warmed to r.t. and stirred overnight. Water is added, the organic layer is separated and washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoester.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 188
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00058
Step i) 2-Methyl-3-oxiranyl-propionic acid tert-butyl ester
To a solution of Int 148 (2 g, 11.8 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (20 mL) at 0° C., is added m-CPBA (3.05 g, 17.7 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The white precipitate is filtered and washed with DCM. The filtrate is washed with a saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 80/20) to afford the expected epoxide.
Step ii) 4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-morpholin-4-yl-pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester
A sealed tube is charged with the epoxide obtained in the previous step (0.19 g, 1.02 mmol, 1 eq.), EtOH (3 mL) and morpholine (0.134 mL, 1.53 mmol, 1.5 eq.). After heating at reflux for 3 h30, the reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in DCM, washed with a saturated NH4C1 solution, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected aminoalcohol used in next step without further purification.
Step iii) 2-Methyl-5-morpholin-4-yl-4-oxo-pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester
A two necked flask, under N2 atmosphere, is charged with dry DCM (5 mL) and (COCl)2 (0.153 mL, 1.81 mmol, 1.1 eq.). The reaction mixture is cooled to −70° C., a solution of DMSO (0.281 mL, 3.96 mmol, 2.4 eq.) in dry DCM (0.5 mL) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred at −70° C./−60° C. for 45 min. A solution of the aminoalcohol obtained in the previous step (0.450 g, 1.65 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry DCM (2 mL) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred for 1 h at −60° C. Et3N (1.19 mL, 8.24 mmol, 5 eq.) is added dropwise. Reaction mixture stirred at −40° C. for 30 min then warmed to r.t. and stirred overnight. Water is added, the organic layer is separated and washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/acteone 90/10) to afford the expected product.
1.24. General Method D: Preparation of Ketoamide 1.2.4.1. Method D1: Preparation of Acrylamide
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00059
1.2.4.1.1 Method D1a
To a solution of piperazine (1 eq.) in EtOAc/NaHCO3 sat. aq. (2/1 v/v) at 0° C. is added dropwise the acryloyl chloride derivative (1.1 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 30 min then r.t. for 1 h. The organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers are washed with water, brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected acrylamide (used as such or purified by flash chromatography on silica gel).
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 006
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00060
To a solution of (S)-1-(3-Chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-piperazine dihydrochloride (2 g, 6.63 mmol, 1 eq.) in EtOAc/NaHCO3 sat. aq. (60 mL/30 mL) at 0° C. is added dropwise acryloyl chloride (0.595 mL, 7.29 mmol, 1.1 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 30 min then r.t. for 1 h. The organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers are washed with water, brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 283; m/z MW (obsd): 283-285 (M+H).
1.2.4.1.2 Method D1b
To a solution of piperazine (1 eq.) and Et3N (1.5 eq.) in DCM at 0° C. is added dropwise the acryloyl chloride derivative (1.5 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1 h and allowed to reach r.t. Water and DCM are added, the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with DCM, the combined organic layers are washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected acrylamide after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 009
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00061
To a solution of 1-(3-Chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-piperazine (2.06 g, 9.8 mmol, 1 eq.) and Et3N (1.5 mL, 14.7 mmol, 1.5 eq.) in DCM at 0° C. is added dropwise 2-Methyl-acryloyl chloride (2.05 mL, 14.7 mmol, 1.5 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 1 h and allowed to reach r.t. Water and DCM are added, the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with DCM, the combined organic layers are washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 279; m/z MW (obsd): 279-281 (M+H).
1.2.4.2. Method D2: Stetter Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00062
1.2.4.2.1 Method D2a (P(Bu)3)
A vial is charged with aldehyde (1 eq.), acrylamide (0.95 eq.), P(Bu)3 (1 eq.) and dry THF. The vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h to 3 h. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected γ-ketoamide after purification by flash chromatography on silica gel.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 095
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00063
A vial is charged with 3-Methyl-benzaldehyde (0.141 mL, 0.1.2 mmol, 1 eq.), Int 005 (0.300 g, 1.2 mmol, 1 eq.), P(Bu)3 (0.242 mL, 1.2 mmol, 1 eq.) and dry THF (2 mL). The vial is capped and heated at 70° C. for 2 h. Additional P(Bu)3 (15 μL, 0.05 eq.) and 3-Methyl-benzaldehyde (10 μL, 0.1 eq.) is added, and the vial is capped and heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc, from 100/0 to 0/100) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 370; m/z MW (obsd): 371-373 (M+H).
1.2.4.2.2 Method D2b (Rh Catalyst)
A vial is charged with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate (0.10 eq.), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (0.10 eq.), dry DCM and sealed with a septum. The flask is evacuated and refilled with H2 (3 times) and the reaction mixture is stirred under an atmosphere of H2. After 3 h, volatiles are removed under a nitrogen stream. The residue is combined with acrylamide (1 eq.), aldehyde (1.5 equiv.) and 1,2-dichloroethane in a vial under a N2 atmosphere. The vial is sealed with a cap and heated at 100° C. After 16 h, the mixture is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 021
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00064
A vial is charged with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate (0.054 g, 0.132 mmol, 0.10 eq.), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (0.056 g, 0.132 mmol, 0.10 eq.), dry DCM (2 mL) and sealed with a septum. The flask is evacuated and refilled with H2 (3 times) and the reaction mixture is stirred under an atmosphere of H2. After 3 h, volatiles are removed under a nitrogen stream. The residue is combined with Int 001 (0.397 g, 1.328 mmol, 1 eq.), 3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)-propionaldehyde (0.406 g, 2.00 mmol, 1.5 equiv.) and 1,2-dichloroethane (2 mL) in a vial under a N2 atmosphere. The vial is sealed with a cap and heated at 100° C. After 2 days, the mixture is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 0/100, then DCM/MeOH 90/10) to afford Int 021. LCMS: MW (calcd): 502; m/z MW (obsd): 502-504 (M+H).
1.2.4.2.3 Method D2c (NaCN)
A vial is charged with aldehyde (3 eq.) and dry DMF. NaCN (1.5 eq) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 min. A solution of acrylamide (1 eq.) in dry DMF is added, the vial is sealed and heated at 120° C. for 3 h30 and cooled to r.t. A saturated NaHCO3 solution and water are added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layer are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 060
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00065
A vial is charged with pyridine-4-carbaldehyde (0.227 g, 2.12 mmol, 3 eq.) and dry DMF (4 mL). NaCN (0.052 g, 1.06 mmol, 1.5 eq) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 min. A solution of Int 006 (0.200 g, 0.71 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry DMF (2 mL) is added, the vial is sealed and heated at 120° C. for 3 h30 and cooled to r.t. A saturated NaHCO3 solution and water are added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 98/2) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 390; m/z MW (obsd): 390-392 (M+H).
1.2.4.3. Method D4: Oxidative Cleavage
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00066
A vial is charged with alkene (1 eq.), a mixture of dioxane/water or THF/water and OsO4 (0.01-0.06 eq.). After 15 min, NaIO4 (2-4 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h to 20 h, combined with water or a solution of NaHSO3 and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 055
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00067
A vial is charged with alkene Int 124 (4.95 g, 15.1 mmol, 1 eq.), a mixture of dioxane (100 mL) and water (20 mL), and OsO4 (2.5 wt % in t-BuOH, 2.8 mL, 223 mmol, 0.015 eq.). After 15 min, a solution of NaIO4 (6.61 g, 30.9 mmol, 2 eq.) in water (150 mL) is added dropwise over 10 minutes, and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, combined with water (600 mL) and extracted with CHCl3 (250 mL). The organic layer is washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with EtOAc/DCM 20/80) to afford the expected the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 329; m/z MW (obsd): 329-331 (M+H).
1.2.4.4. Method D5: Via Furan Oxidation
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00068
Step i
To a solution of phosphonate (1.1 eq.) in EtOH is added K2CO3 (1.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h prior to addition of the aldehyde (1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. (1 h to 3 h), diluted with EtOAc and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in EtOAc and washed with a saturated NH4C1 solution, a saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected α,β-unsaturated ketone.
Step ii
To a solution of the α,β-unsaturated ketone obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) in dry MeOH are added PdCl2 (0.1 eq.) and 2-methylfuran (2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h to 24 h, diluted with EtOAc and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected ketone.
Step iii
To a solution of ketone obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) in Heptane/EtOAc/water (1/3/4) is added NaIO4 (7 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred for 10 min then RuCl3.3H2O (0.02 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 30 min to 1 h30, filtered on celpure P65, washed with MeCN and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected γ-ketoacid.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 138
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00069
Step i
To a solution of phosphonate (14.22 g, 73.24 mmol, 1.1 eq.) in EtOH (150 mL) is added K2CO3 (11 g, 79.90 mmol, 1.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h prior to addition of benzyloxy-acetaldehyde (10 g, 66.59 mmol, 1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h, diluted with EtOAc and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in EtOAc and washed with a saturated NH4C1 solution, a saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 80/20) to afford the expected α,β-unsaturated ketone.
Step ii
To a solution of the α,β-unsaturated ketone obtained in the previous step (8.7 g, 45.73 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry MeOH (183 mL) are added PdCl2 (0.811 g, 0.457 mmol, 0.1 eq.) and 2-methylfuran (8.25 mL, 91.46 mmol, 2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h, diluted with EtOAc and filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 85/15) to afford the expected ketone.
Step iii
To a solution of ketone obtained in the previous step (1 g, 3.67 mmol, 1 eq.) in Heptane/EtOAc/water (6 mL/18 mL/24 mL) is added NaIO4 (5.48 g, 25.69 mmol, 7 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred for 10 min then RuCl3.3H2O (0.019 g, 0.073 mmol, 0.02 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 h15, filtered on celpure P65, washed with MeCN and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 98/2 to 95/5) to afford the expected product (stored at 4° C.).
1.2.4.5. Method D6: Via α-bromo Ketone
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00070
Step i
To a solution of levulinic acid (1 eq.) in MeOH, bromine (1 eq.) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between water and Et2O, the pH is adjusted to 8 using a saturated NaHCO3 solution. After extraction with Et2O, the combined organic layer are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected bromo derivative as a methylester.
Step ii
To a solution of the bromo derivative obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) in MeOH is added Et3N (0 or 1 eq.) and secondary amine (1 to 2 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 30 to 120 min and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is used as such or purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected amino ester derivative.
Step iii
Amino ester obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) is heated at 80° C. with an excess of 1M solution of NaOH for 2 to 3 h. After complete hydrolysis (followed by HPLC/MS), the reaction mixture is acidified and evaporated to dryness and the crude amino acid is used as such in next step or triturated in DMF to remove salts.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 130
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00071
Step i) 5-Bromo-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester
To a solution of levulinic acid (5 g, 43.1 mmol, 1 eq.) in MeOH (103 mL) under N2 atmosphere, bromine (2.2 mL, 43.1 mmol, 1 eq.) is added dropwise. The resultant solution is stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between water and Et2O, the pH is adjusted to 8 using a saturated NaHCO3 solution. After extraction with Et2O, the combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with iso-Hexane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected bromo derivative as a methylester.
Step ii) 5-[(2-Methoxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester
To a solution of the bromo derivative obtained in the previous step (1 g, 4.78 mmol, 1 eq.) in MeOH (12.5 mL) is added Et3N (0.670 mL, 4.82 mmol, 1 eq.) and (2-methoxy-ethyl)-methyl-amine (0.420 mL, 4.83 mmol, 1 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h and concentrated in vacuo. The expected amino ester derivative is used as such in next step.
Step iii) 5-[(2-Methoxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-4-oxo-pentanoic acid
Amino ester obtained in the previous step (1.75 g crude assumed as 4.78 mmol, 1 eq.) is heated at 80° C. with an excess of 1M solution of NaOH (15 mL, 15 mmol, 3 eq.) for 2 h. After complete hydrolysis (followed by HPLC/MS), the reaction mixture is acidified and evaporated to dryness and the crude amino acid is used as such.
1.2.4.6. Method D7: Ketoamide Functionalization by Suzuki Coupling
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00072
A vial is charged with bromide derivative (1 eq.), Xphos (0.06-0.018 eq.), Pd(OAc)2 (0.03-0.09 eq.), Cs2CO3 (4-5 eq.), [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (3 eq.), THF and water. The reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. until completion is observed by UPLC/MS (6-8 days). Additions of Xphos, Pd(OAc)2, Cs2CO3 and [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt are performed every 24 h to reach a good level of conversion. A saturated NaHCO3 solution is added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected functionalized γ-ketoamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 090
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00073
A vial is charged with Int 118 (300 mg, 0.69 mmol, 1 eq.), Xphos (59 mg, 0.0124 mmol, 0.018 eq.), Pd(OAc)2 (14 mg, 0.062 mmol, 0.09 eq.), Cs2CO3 (1.12 g, 3.44 mmol, 5 eq.), [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (262 mg, 2.07 mmol, 3 eq.), THF (2.3 mL) and water (0.6 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. for 2 days. Xphos (30 mg, 0.0062 mmol, 0.009 eq.), Pd(OAc)2 (7 mg, 0.031 mmol, 0.045 eq.) and [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (66 mg, 0.52 mmol, 0.75 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. for 24 h. Cs2CO3 (440 mg, 1.35 mmol, 2 eq.), and [(Dimethylammonium)methyl]trifluoroborate internal salt (80 mg, 0.63 mmol, 1 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is heated at 80° C. for 2 days. Xphos (30 mg, 0.0062 mmol, 0.009 eq.) and Pd(OAc)2 (7 mg, 0.031 mmol, 0.045 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 days. A saturated NaHCO3 solution is added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layer are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with heptane/DCM 1/0 to 0/1 then DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 414; m/z MW (obsd): 414-416 (M+H).
1.2.5. General Method E: Functionalization of γ-Ketoamide
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00074
Step i
A Dean-Starck apparatus is loaded with γ-ketoamide (1 eq.) in toluene, ethylene glycol (1.2 to 1.4 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (0.06 to 0.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 2 h to 4 h. A solution of NaOH 0.1N and EtOAc are added, the organic layer is separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected dioxolane. This residue is either purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or used as such in next step.
Step ii
To a solution of the dioxolane obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) in dry THF at −78° C. is added dropwise LDA or LiHMDS (2M solution in THF, 1.1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at −78° C. for 30 min, then 0° C. for 10 min then cooled to −78° C. for dropwise addition of a solution of alkyl halide (1.4 eq.) in dry THF. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. and quenched with a saturated NH4C1 solution. After evaporation of the THF, the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc, the combined organic layer are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected functionalized dioxolane.
Step iii
To a solution of the functionalized dioxolane obtained in the previous step (1 eq.) in MeOH is added an aqueous solution of HCl 6N (6 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h, a saturated NaHCO3 solution is added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected functionalized γ-ketoamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 066
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00075
Step i) 1-[(S)-4-(3-Fluoro-phen-3-methyl-piperazin-yl]-3-(2-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
A Dean-Starck apparatus is loaded with Int 122 (1 g, 3.4 mmol, 1 eq.), toluene (50 mL), ethylene glycol (220 μL, 3.9 mmol, 1.2 eq.) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (100 mg, 0.58 mmol, 0.17 eq.). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 2 h. A solution of NaOH 0.1N and EtOAc are added, the organic layer is separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected dioxolane used as such in next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 336; m/z MW (obsd): 337 (M+H).
Step ii) 1-[(S)-4-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxymethyl-3-(2-methyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
To a solution of the dioxolane obtained in the previous step (380 mg, 1.13 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry THF (30 mL) at −78° C. is added dropwise LDA (2M solution in THF, 0.6 mL, 1.2 mmol, 1.1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at −78° C. for 30 min, then 0° C. for 10 min then cooled to −78° C. for dropwise addition of a solution of bromomethylether (137 μL, 1.5 mmol, 1.4 eq.) in dry THF (5 mL). The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. and quenched with a saturated NH4Cl solution. After evaporation of the THF, the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc, the combined organic layer are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected functionalized dioxolane. LCMS: MW (calcd): 380; m/z MW (obsd): 381 (M+H).
Step iii) 1-[(S)-4-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxymethyl-pentane-1,4-dione
To a solution of the functionalized dioxolane obtained in the previous step (190 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 eq.) in MeOH (5 mL) is added an aqueous solution of HCl 6N (0.5 mL, 3 mmol, 6 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h, a saturated NaHCO3 solution is added to the reaction mixture followed by extraction with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/acetone 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 336; m/z MW (obsd): 337 (M+H).
1.2.6. General Method F: Bucherer Bergs Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00076
A pressure reactor or an open round bottom flask equipped with a condenser is charged with a solution of (NH4)2CO3 or (NH4)HCO3 (8-12 eq.) in water. KCN (2 to 4 eq.) is added portionwise then a solution of γ-ketoester or γ-ketoamide (1 eq.) in EtOH is added. The vessel is sealed and heated at 60-90° C. for 1 h to 2 days. The reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with AcOEt or CHCl3/nBuOH 10%. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4 or MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is either recrystallized or purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected hydantoin derivative.
Illustrative Synthesis of (R)—S-Methyl-5-((S)-2-methyl-3-oxo-butyl)-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione+(S)—S-Methyl-S—((R)-2-methyl-3-oxo-butyl)-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00077
A pressure reactor is charged with a solution of (NH4)2CO3 (79.4 g, 0.826 mol, 8 eq.) in water (400 mL). KCN (20 g, 0.307 mol, 3 eq.) is added portionwise then a solution of γ-ketoester (19.15 g, 0.103 mol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (400 mL) is added. The vessel is sealed and heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with CHCl3/nBuOH 10%. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo.
The above reaction is performed twice and the two crude residues are gathered for recrystallization. A flask is charged with the two crude residues, EtOH (250 mL) is added and the reaction mixture is heated at reflux. Upon complete dissolution, the reaction mixture is allowed to cool to r.t. for 2 days, it is filtered and the crystalline solid is combined with EtOH (200 mL), heated to reflux, cooled to r.t. overnight and filtered to afford the expected hydantoin as a trans-Me racemic mixture (LCMS: >99% de, MW (calcd): 256; m/z MW (obsd): 257 (M+H)).
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 172
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00078
A pressure reactor is charged with (NH4)2CO3 (0.645 g, 6.71 mmol, 10 eq.), KCN (0.175 g, 2.69 mmol, 4 eq.), Int 046 (0.248 g, 0.671 mmol, 1 eq.), EtOH (4 mL) and water (4 mL). The vessel is sealed and heated at 60° C. for 40 h. The reaction mixture is cooled to r.t., combined with water and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/iPrOH 20/1) afforded the two diastereoisomers, of which the faster eluting compound is the expected product. (LCMS: MW (calcd): 439-441; m/z MW (obsd): 439-441 (M+H)).
1.2.7. General Method G: Method for Preparation of Hydantoin Propionic Acids
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00079
A flask is charged with tert-butyl ester (1 eq.) and HCl 4N in dioxane (5 to 40 eq.). In some cases, an additional solvent such as DCM, dioxane or water is added to increase solubility. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h to 4 days until complete conversion. The reaction mixture is either concentrated in vacuo or filtered and washed with Et2O to afford the expected carboxylic acid.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 169
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00080
A flask is charged with Int 170 (3.6 g, 13.32 mmol, 1 eq.) and HCl 4N in dioxane (33.3 mL, 133 mmol, 10 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 days and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product.
1.28. General Method H: Amide Bond Formation
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00081
1.2.8.1. Method H: EDC/HOBt
A solution of acid (1 eq.), Et3N (3 to 4 eq.), HOBt (0.1 to 1.1 eq.) in DMF (or DCM) is stirred at r.t. EDC.HCl (1 to 1.2 eq.) is added, then amine (0.95 to 2 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 h to 2 days. The reaction mixture is partitioned between DCM (or EtOAC) and water, extracted with DCM (or EtOAc). The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 (or MgSO4), filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative LCMS to afford the expected amide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 052
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00082
A solution of 3-(4-methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propionic acid (64 mg, 0.34 mmol, 1 eq.), Et3N (142 μL, 1.02 mmol, 3 eq.), HOBt (46 mg, 0.34 mmol, 1 eq.) in DMF (2 mL) is stirred at r.t. EDC.HCl (78 mg, 0.41 mmol, 1.2 eq.) is added, then 1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)piperazine dihydrochloride (150 mg, 0.52 mmol, 1.5 2 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture is partitioned between DCM and water, extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by preparative LCMS to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 383; m/z MW (obsd): 383-385 (M+H).
1.2.8.2. Method H2: HATU
A flask is charged with acid (1 eq.), amine (0.85 to 1.1 eq.), HATU (0.85 to 1.1 eq.) and DMF (or THF). DIPEA (2 to 6 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 h to 2 days. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4, MgSO4, or hydrophobic column), filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative LCMS to afford the expected amide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 237 (Mixture of Trans Isomers)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00083
A flask is charged with Int 165 (70 mg, 0.35 mmol, 1.1 eq.), Int 216 (95 mg, 0.32 mmol, 1 eq.), HATU (127 mg, 0.34 mmol, 1.05 eq) and DMF (3 mL). DIPEA (167 μL, 0.96 mmol, 3 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc and water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over hydrophobic column, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 96/4) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 407; m/z MW (obsd): 407-409 (M+H).
1.2.8.3. Method H3: BOP
A flask is charged with acid (1 eq.), DMF (or DCM), DIPEA or Et3N (2 to 6 eq.) and BOP (0.77 to 1.1 eq.). After 5-15 min, amine (0.77 to 1.5 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 5 h to 2 days. The reaction mixture is partitioned between EtOAc (or DCM) and water, extracted with EtOAc (or DCM). The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried (over anhydrous Na2SO4, MgSO4, or hydrophobic column), filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative LCMS to afford the expected amide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Int 034
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00084
A flask is charged with 4-cyclobutyl-4-oxo-butyric acid (104 mg, 0.67 mmol, 1 eq.), DMF (2 mL), Et3N (0.4 mL, 2.88 mmol, 4.3 eq.) and BOP (320 mg, 0.72 mmol, 1.1 eq.). After 5-15 min, 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (157 mg, 0.67 mmol, 1 eq.) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture is partitioned between DCM and water, extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/EtOAc 90/10) afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 335; m/z MW (obsd): 335-337 (M+H).
1.2.8.4. Method H4: CDI
A flask is charged with acid (1 eq.), amine (1 eq.) and DMF. HOBt (0.8 eq.), DIPEA (1.5 eq.) and PS-CDI (load 1.25 mmol/g, 1.3 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is stirred in a microwave reactor at 60° C. for 30-60 min. Reaction mixture is filtered to remove PS-CDI, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate is extracted with EtOAc and brine. The combined organic layers concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative LCMS to afford the expected amide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 379
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00085
A flask is charged with Int 164 (41 mg, 0.23 mmol, 1 eq.), Int 232 (60 mg, 0.23 mmol, 1 eq.) and DMF (5 mL). HOBt (28 mg, 0.18 mmol, 0.8 eq.), DIPEA (60 μL, 0.34 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and PS-CDI (load 1.25 mmol/g, 237 mg, 0.29 mmol, 1.3 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is stirred in a microwave reactor at 60° C. for 30 min. Reaction mixture is filtered to remove PS-CDI, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate is extracted with EtOAc and brine. The combined organic layers concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 468; m/z MW (obsd): 469 (M+H).
1.2.8.5. Method H5: Mukaiyama Reagent
A flask is charged with acid (1 eq.), amine (1.5 eq.) and DMF/DCM. Et3N (4 eq.) and PS-Mukaiyama reagent (load 1.17 mmol/g, 2 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 24 h. Reaction mixture is filtered, washed with DCM and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by preparative LCMS to afford the expected amide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 005
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00086
A flask is charged with 3-(2,5-dioxo-4-phenyl-imidazolidin-4-yl)propionic acid (77 mg, 0.31 mmol, 1 eq.), 1-(4-chloro-phenyl)-piperazine dihydrochloride (126 mg, 0.47 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and DMF/DCM (1 mL/4 mL). Et3N (169 μL, 1.25 mmol, 4 eq.) and PS-Mukaiyama reagent (load 1.17 mmol/g, 540 mmg, 0.63 mmol, 2 eq.) are added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 24 h. Reaction mixture is filtered, washed with DCM and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by preparative LCMS to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 427; m/z MW (obsd): 427-429 (M+H).
1.2.9. General Method I: Functionalization of Final Compound 1.2.9.1. Method I1: Acetylation
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00087
To a solution of amino derivative (1 eq.) in pyridine is added acetic anhydride (1.02 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 h to 16 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected acetamide.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 223
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00088
To a solution of Cpd 180 (150 mg, 0.33 mmol, 1 eq.) in pyridine (2 mL) is added acetic anhydride (32 μL, 0.34 mmol, 1.02 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 456; m/z MW (obsd): 456-458 (M+H).
1.2.9.2. Method I2: NBoc Deprotection
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00089
To a solution of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivative (1 eq.) in a mixture DCM/MeOH is added HCl 4N in dioxane (10 to 20 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 h to 2 days and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is either purified by preparative HPLC or dissolved in DCM/MeOH, neutralized by addition of a base (NH3 in MeOH (7N) or NaHCO3) and purified by SCX column or flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected amine.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 241
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00090
To a solution of Cpd 235 (39 mg, 0.076 mmol, 1 eq.) in a mixture DCM/MeOH (1.5 mL/1 mL) is added HCl 4N in dioxane (0.37 mL, 1.51 mmol, 20 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 16 h and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in DCM/MeOH, neutralized by addition of NH3 in MeOH (7N, 110 μL, 0.75 mmol, 10 eq.) and purified by SCX-2 column (eluting successively with DCM/MeOH/NH3: 8/1/1, 6/3/1 and 0/9/1) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 409; m/z MW (obsd): 410 (M+H).
1.2.9.3. Method I3: Alkylation
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00091
To a solution of amino derivative (1 eq.) in DMF is added K2CO3 (3 eq.) then benzyl bromide (1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 16 h to 4 days, quenched by addition of water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers are combined, washed with brine, dried by filtration over hydrophobic column, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected benzylamine.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 181
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00092
To a solution of Cpd 180 (200 mg, 0.444 mmol, 1 eq.) in DMF (2 mL) is added K2CO3 (184 mg, 1.331 mmol, 3 eq.) then benzyl bromide (76 mg, 0.444 mmol, 1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, quenched by addition of water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers are combined, washed with brine, dried by filtration over hydrophobic column, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/isopropyl alcohol 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 504; m/z MW (obsd): 504-506 (M+H).
1.2.9.4. Method I4: O-debenzylation
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00093
To a solution of benzyloxy derivative (1 eq.) in dry THF or MeOH under argon atmosphere is added Pd(OH)2/C. The reaction mixture is stirred under H2 atmosphere at r.t. for 5 h to 2 days then filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected alcohol.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 268 (Mixture of Trans Isomers)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00094
To a solution of Int 062 (70 mg, 0.15 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry THF (75 mL) under argon atmosphere is added Pd(OH)2/C (35 mg, 50% w/w). The reaction mixture is degassed by 3 vacuum/hydrogen filling cycles, and stirred under H2 atmosphere at r.t. for 2 days then filtered on celpure P65. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 95/5) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 392; m/z MW (obsd): 429-431 (M+H).
1.2.9.5. Method I5: Two-Steps Functionalization by Suzuki Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00095
Step i
A vial is loaded with bromo derivative (1 eq.), bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.2 eq.), KOAc (3 eq.) and dioxane degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected boronic ester.
Step ii
A vial is loaded with the boronic ester obtained in the previous step (1 eq.), aryl halide (1.1 to 1.2 eq.), Na2CO3 (3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (9/1) degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (0.05 to 0.2 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative HPLC to afford the expected compound.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 372
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00096
Step i) 5-Cyclopropyl-5-(3-{(S)-3-methyl-4-[3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-phenyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-oxo-propyl)-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
A vial is loaded with Cpd 270 (90 mg, 0.200 mmol, 1 eq.), bis(pinacolato)diboron (61 mg, 0.240 mmol, 1.2 eq.), KOAc (59 mg, 0.601 mmol, 3 eq.) and dioxane (2 mL) degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (7 mg, 0.010 mmol, 0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 97/3) to afford the expected boronic ester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 496; m/z MW (obsd): 497 (M+H).
Step ii) S-Cyclopropyl-5-{3-[(S)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyrazin-2-yl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl}-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione
A vial is loaded with the boronic ester obtained in the previous step (86 mg, 0.173 mmol, 1 eq.), iodopyrazine (39 mg, 0.191 mmol, 1.1 eq.), Na2CO3 (100 mg, 0.520 mmol, 3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (2.5 mL, 9/1) degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (7 mg, 0.009 mmol, 0.05 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture is filtered on celpure P65, washed with EtOAc. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 95/5) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 449; m/z MW (obsd): 450 (M+H).
1.2.9.6. Method I6: Suzuki Reaction
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00097
G8=Ar, HetAr
A vial is loaded with bromo derivative (1 eq.), boronic acid or boronic ester (1.3 to 2 eq.), Na2CO3 (3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (9/1) degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (0.05 to 0.2 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. for 3 h to 20 h. The reaction mixture is quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried (filtration over hydrophobic column or anhydrous MgSO4), concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel or preparative HPLC to afford the expected compound.
Illustrative Synthesis of Cpd 281
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00098
A vial is loaded with Cpd 270 (100 mg, 0.223 mmol, 1 eq.), pyridine-4-boronic acid (55 mg, 0.445 mmol, 2 eq.), Na2CO3 (128 mg, 0.668 mmol, 3 eq.) and a mixture dioxane/water (2 mL, 9/1) degassed with N2. PdCl2(dppf) (36 mg, 0.045 mmol, 0.2 eq.) is added, the vial is sealed and stirred at 90° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture is quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with a saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine, dried by filtration over hydrophobic column, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 94/6) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 448; m/z MW (obsd): 449 (M+H).
Example 2. Preparation of the Compounds of the Invention 2.1. Methyl 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetate (Cpd 182) and 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetic acid (Cpd 183)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00099
A vial is charged with Cpd 188 (1.61 g, 3.2 mmol, 1 eq.), dioxane (5 mL) and HCl 4N in dioxane (5 mL). The reaction is heated at 80° C. for 20 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/EtOAc 60/40 to 10/90, then DCM/MeOH 90/10) to afford Cpd 182 (LCMS: MW (calcd): 457; m/z MW (obsd): 457-459 (M+H)) and Cpd 183 (LCMS: MW (calcd): 443; m/z MW (obsd): 443-445 (M+H)).
2.2. tert-butyl 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetate (Cpd 188)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00100
Step i) 4-[4-(3,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo-butyric acid
A flask is charged with succinic anhydride (2.38 g, 24 mmol, 1.1 eq.) and 1-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazine (5 g, 22 mmol, 1 eq.) and toluene (100 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux overnight, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 80/20) to afford the carboxylic acid derivative.
Step ii) 6-[4-(3,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3, 6-dioxo-hexanoic acid tert-butyl ester
To a solution of the carboxylic acid obtained in the previous step (7.29 g, 22 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (125 mL) are added DMAP (0.537 g, 4.4 mmol, 0.2 eq.), EDC.HCl (5.06 g, 26.4 mmol, 1.2 eq.) and Et3N (9.2 mL, 66 mmol, 3 eq). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 15 min then a solution of 2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione (3.8 g, 26.4 mmol, 1.2 eq.) in DCM (25 mL) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. DMAP (1 g) and EDC.HCl (1.5 g) are added and the RM is stirred at 40° C. for 2 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10). The residue is taken up in toluene (100 mL) and t-BuOH (5.8 mL, 61 mmol) is added. The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 4 h, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with Hexanes/EtOAc 70/30 to 30/70) to afford the expected β-ketoester.
Step iii) tert-butyl 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]acetate
Starting from the above β-ketoester, the expected product is obtained according to Method F. LCMS: MW (calcd): 499; m/z MW (obsd): 499-501 (M+H).
2.3. 2-[4-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide (Cpd 189)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00101
A vial is charged with Cpd 182 (150 mg, 0.32 mmol, 1 eq.), 2-amino-ethanol (193 μL, 3.2 mmol, 10 eq.) and EtOH (2 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at 160° C. for 1 h in microwave reactor, concentrated in vacuo and purified by preparative LCMS to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 486; m/z MW (obsd): 486-488 (M+H).
2.4. 5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 218)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00102
To a solution of Cpd 197 (40 mg, 0.084 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (2 mL) at 0° C. is added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (32 mg, 0.186 mmol, 2.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 45 min then at r.t. for 24 h, quenched with a saturated NaHCO3 solution, extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried by filtration over hydrophobic column and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 98/2) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 505; m/z MW (obsd): 505-507 (M+H).
2.5. (5S)-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 255)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00103
(S)-Hydantoin propionic acid (Int 163, 50 g, 0.24 mol, 1.1 eq.) is dissolved in DMF (360 mL). Amine hydrochloride (61 g, 0.21 mol, 1 eq.), DIPEA (148 mL, 0.84 mol, 4 eq., added through glass funnel over 2 min), EDC.HCl (45 g, 0.24 mol, 1.1 eq.) and HOBt hydrate (4.95 g, 0.032 mol, 0.15 eq.) are added and reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 18 h. Reaction mixture is poured into cold stirring water (1.8 L) and stirred for 45 min. A small precipitate is formed, filtered off through black ribbon. Filtrate is extracted with EtOAc (2×650 mL and 300 mL). Combined organic layers are washed with sat. aq. NaHCO3 (2×800 mL and 500 mL), brine (2×500 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. This residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH/NH3 100/0/0 to 90/5/0.5) to afford the desired compound.
Chiral HPLC: ee≥99.4%; Condition used to determine the enantiomeric excess are the following:
column: Chiralpak IC (250×4.6 mm), 5 μm, at room temperature
mobile phase: Heptane/Ethanol/DEA (70/30/0.1, v/v/v)
flow rate of 1 mL/min
2.7. 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-(3S)-3-methyl-4-pyridazin-3-yl-piperazin-1-yl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 302)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00104
To a solution of Cpd 285 (72 mg, 0.177 mmol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (3.7 mL) and DMF (0.7 mL) is added Et3N (0.2 mL, 1.44 mmol, 8 eq.) and the reaction mixture is heated at 40° C. to increase solubility. Pd/C 10% (14 mg) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 94/6) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 372; m/z MW (obsd): 373 (M+H).
2.8. 5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methy-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propy]-5-(1-methylazetidin-3-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 399)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00105
To a suspension of Cpd 247 (55 mg, 0.13 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in MeCN (1 mL) is added a formaldehyde in water solution (37% wt, 37 μL, 0.51 mmol, 4.0 eq.) and the mixture is stirred at r.t. for 10 min. Sodium cyanoborohydride is added (16 mg, 0.25 mmol, 2.0 eq.) and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is added (53 mg, 0.25 mmol, 2.0 eq.) and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h. An aqueous NaHCO3 solution (1 mL) is added and the mixture is concentrated to dryness. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on KP-NH type silica gel (eluting with DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 95/5) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 449; m/z MW (obsd): 450 (M+H).
2.9. 2-[4-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide (Cpd 402)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00106
Step i) (4-(3-[4-(4-Chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl)-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)-acetic acid
A flask is charged with Int 116 (30 mg, 0.06 mmol 1.0 eq.) and a solution of HCl in dioxane (4.0M, 630 μL, 40 mmol, 2.5 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h, and then diluted with water and extracted 3 times with DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 422; m/z MW (obsd): 423 (M+H).
Step ii
The carboxylic acid (18 mg, 0.04 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridinium-3-oxyde hexafluorophosphate (18 mg, 0.05 mmol, 1.1 eq.) are stirred in DMF (0.5 mL) at r.t. After 30 min, ethanolamine (2.6 μL, 0.04 mmol, 1.0 eq.) is added; the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 2 h, then diluted with water and extracted 3 times with DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo, and purified by preparative HPLC to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 465; m/z MW (obsd): 466 (M+H).
2.10. (5S)-5-[3-[4-(tolyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-ax-propyl]-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 027): chiral separation by chiral HPLC
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00107
Cpd 007 is purified by chiral HPLC using the following conditions:
Column: Chiralpak AD 20 μm 250×21.7 mm,
Mobile phase: 100% EtOH,
Flow rate: 20 mL/min.
This purification affords the expected product as a single enantiomer.
2.11. (5S)-cyclopropyl-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 212): chiral separation by SFC
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00108
Cpd 191 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
Instrument: Waters Thar SFC prep100
Column: Chiralpak IA (30×250 mm), 5 μM
Mobile phase: Isocratic 25% iPrOH/DCM (80/20) and 75% CO2,
Flow rate: 100 mL/min
Cpd 191 is dissolved in iPrOH (7 vol) and DCM (3 vol) (approximately 50 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 μl which equates to loading of 75 mg on column per injection. This purification affords the expected product as a single enantiomer.
2.12. (5R)-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 265): chiral separation by SFC
Cpd 405 is purified by SFC the following conditions:
Instrument: Waters Thar SFC prep100
Column: Chiralpak IA (30×250 mm), 5 uM
Mobile phase: Isocratic 20% iPrOH and 80% CO2,
Flow rate: 100 mL/min
Cpd 405 is dissolved in iPrOH (2 vol) and acetonitrile (1 vol) (approximately 4.5 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 μL which equates to loading of 6.75 mg on column per injection. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 265 as a single enantiomer.
2.13. (S)-5-((S)-3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 331): chiral separation by SFC
Cpd 406 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
Instrument: Waters Thar SFC prep100
Column: Chiralpak IA (20×250 mm), 5 uM
Mobile phase: Isocratic 35% EtOH and 65% CO2.
Flow rate: 100 mL/min
Cpd 406 is dissolved in EtOH (70 mL) (approximately 20 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 μL which equates to loading of 30 mg on column per injection, total number of stacks: 49. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 331 as a single enantiomer.
2.14. (S)-3-Methyl-4-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-3-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester-precursor of Int 237
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00109
Step i) (S)-4-Cyano-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
(S)-3-Methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 g, 4.99 mmol, 1 eq.) is suspended in acetonitrile (20 mL), K2CO3 (1.851 g, 13.4 mmol, 2.7 eq.) is added and the suspension is stirred for 10 min before the addition of BrCN (5.0M in acetonitrile, 1.248 mL, 6.24 mmol, 1.25 eq.). The reaction is stirred at r.t. for 3 h and filtered; the solid is washed with EtOAc and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected cyano derivative. LCMS: MW (calcd): 225; m/z MW (obsd): 226 (M+H).
Step ii) (S)-4-(N-Hydroxycarbamimidoyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
To a solution of (S)-4-Cyano-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 2.22 nmol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (10 mL), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (261 mg, 3.75 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and Et3N (869 μL, 6.25 mmol, 2.5 eq.) are added and reaction mixture is refluxed for 2 h concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected N-hydroxy amidine derivative used as such in the next reaction step.
Step iii) (S)-3-Methyl-4-(5-methyl-[1,2, 4]oxadiazol-3-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Crude N-hydroxy amidine derivative (2.22 mmol, 1 eq.) is dissolved in pyridine (10 mL) and acetylchloride (266 μL, 3.75 mmol, 1.5 eq.) is added. Reaction mixture is stirred at 120° C. for 1 h, poured into water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product (precursor of Int 237). LCMS: MW (calcd): 282; m/z MW (obsd): 283 (M+H).
2.15. 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxy-butane-1,4-dione (Int 053) and benzyl 2-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)-4-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-ethoxy-4-oxo-butanoate (Int 054)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00110
Step i) 3-Cyclopropyl-3-oxo-propionic acid benzyl ester and [4-(3,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-oxo-acetaldehyde
A flask is charged with Meldrum's acid (50.3 g, 349 mmol, 1.0 eq.), DCM (300 mL) and pyridine (90 mL, 1.1 mol, 3.2 eq), and cooled in an ice bath. To the resulting solution, is added dropwise cyclopropane carbonyl chloride (35.0 mL, 386 mmol, 1.1 eq). After 2 h, the cold bath is removed. After 16 h, the mixture is combined with aqueous HCl (2N, 700 mL) and DCM (200 mL) in a separatory funnel and agitated. The organic phase is collected and washed with aqueous HCl (2N) (500 mL), brine (500 mL), and dried over MgSO4 and activated charcoal. After filtration, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is combined with toluene (100 mL) and benzyl alcohol (37 mL, 356 mmol, 1.02 eq) in a round bottomed flask equipped with a reflux condenser, and heated at reflux. After 16 h, the mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature. Volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation to give the crude product.
Step ii) 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxy-butane-1,4-dione and 2-Cyclopropanecarbonyl-4-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-ethoxy-4-oxo-butyric acid benzyl ester
A vial is charged with Int 149 (127 mg, 0.44 mmol, 1.0 eq), the J-keto ester from step i) (189 mg, 0.90 mmol, 2.0 eq), and DCM (2 mL). After 16 h, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is combined with Pd(OH)2/C (20%) (81 mg, 0.12 mmol, 0.26 eq), ethanol (8 mL), and cyclohexene (2.0 mL, 20 mmol, 45 eq.) in a round bottomed flask, and heated at reflux. After 1 h, the mixture is filtered through a plug of clarcel on a fritted funnel. Volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1:9), to afford compound Int 053.
By-product Int 054 is obtained when step iv) is done in higher scale and concentration:
A round bottom flask is charged with the aldehyde synthesized in step iii) (3.72 g, 12.9 mmol, 1.0 eq), the β-keto ester from step i) (7.10 g, 32.5 mmol, 2.5 eq), and DCM (10 mL) and left open to the air. After 16 h, volatiles were removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is combined with Pd(OH)2/C (10%) (2.06 g, 1.47 mmol, 0.11 eq), ethanol (100 mL), and cyclohexene (25 mL, 250 mmol, 19 eq.) in a round bottomed flask, and heated at reflux for 16 h, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture is filtered through filter paper, and volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1/20), to afford Int 054 (3.55 g).
2.16. 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-butane-1,4-dione (Int 056)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00111
Step i) 2-Cyclopropanecarbonyl-4-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-3-methoxy-4-oxo-butyric acid benzyl ester
A flask is charged with Int 054 (289 mg, 0.54 mmol, 1.0 eq.), and MeOH (8 mL), and heated at 60° C. After 16 h, volatiles are removed from the filtrate via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel, and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1:20) to afford the expected intermediate.
Step ii) 4-Cyclopropyl-1-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methoxy-butane-1,4-dione (Int 056)
The intermediate from step i) is stirred with MeOH (20 mL), Pd(OH)2/C (10%) (45 mg, 0.032 mmol, 0.10 eq), and cyclohexene (4 mL, 39.5 mmol, 120 eq.) in a round bottom flask, and heated to reflux. After 2 h, the mixture is filtered through filter paper. Volatiles are removed from the filtrate via rotary evaporation. The residue is charged onto a column of silica gel, and eluted with EtOAc/DCM (1:9) to afford Int 056.
2.17. 6-tert-butoxy-4,6-dioxo-hexanoic acid (Int 129)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00112
A solution of n-Butyl lithium (1.6M in hexane) (25 mL, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq) is added at 0° C. to a stirred solution of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (8.5 mL, 41 mmol, 2.04 eq) in anhydrous THF (17 mL). After cooling to −78° C., tertbutyl acetate (5.44 mL, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq) is added within 20 min to the solution and stirring is continued for 45 min. The resulting α-lithio acetic ester solution is added dropwise over 30 minutes to a solution of succinic anhydride (2 g, 20 mmol, 1.0 eq) in THF (24 mL). The resulting mixture is stirred for 3 h in a methanol/dry ice bath while the temperature is allowed to increase to −20° C.
The reaction mixture is warmed up to room temperature, then concentrated HCl (4 mL) and water (25 mL) are added. The organic solvent is evaporated, and the resulting aqueous solution is adjusted to pH=2, and extraction with ethyl acetate followed. Organic layers are combined, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the expected product (used in the next step without further purification).
2.18. tert-butyl 2-(benzyloxymethyl)-4-oxo-pentanoate (Int 137)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00113
To a solution of Int 138 (530 mg, 2.24 mmol, 1 eq.) in toluene (7 mL) is added N,N-dimethylformamide di-tert-butyl acetal (2.69 mL, 11.2 mmol, 5 eq.). Reaction mixture is heated at 100° C. in a sealed tube for 4.5 h, quenched by addition of a saturated NaHCO3 solution at 0° C., extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 60/40) to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 292; m/z MW (obsd): 315 (M+Na).
2.19. (S)-4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (Int 110)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00114
A mixture of γ-ketoester 4-Cyclopropyl-4-oxo-butyric acid tert-butyl ester (120 g, 605 mmol, 1 eq.), (NH4)2CO3 (494 g, 5.15 mol, 8.5 eq.), NaCN (60 g, 1.45 mol, 2.4 eq.), H2O (600 mL) and ethanol (600 mL) is heated at 60° C. for 18 h in the sealed reactor. The reaction mixture is poured in a mixture of EtOAc (900 mL) and water (900 mL), and the aqueous layer is additionally extracted with EtOAc (3×600 mL). The organic layer is concentrated until only about 100 mL EtOAc left, and added 500 mL petroleum ether dropwise to afford the expected hydantoin derivative Int 110.
2.20. tert-butyl N-[6-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-methyl-3,6-dioxo-hexyl]carbamate (Int 150)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00115
Step i) 6-Amino-1-[4-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-hexane-1,4-dione
To a solution of Int 021 (341 mg, 0.68 mmol, 1.0 eq) in ethanol (27 mL) is added methylamine (40% in water) (845 μL). Stirring is then kept at room temperature overnight. The organic solvent is then removed under reduced pressure, and the aqueous residue is diluted with water and K2CO3 (10%), and extracted with ethyl acetate several times. The combined organic layer is washed with water and brine, before being dried, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, to afford crude compound used directly in the next step.
Step ii) tert-butyl N-[6-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-methyl-3, 6-dioxo-hexyl]carbamate (Int 150)
The crude from step i) is stirred in THF/MeOH (1/1) (14 mL). Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (445 mg, 2.04 mmol, 3 eq) is added, and the mixture is stirred under reflux for 18 h. The organic solvents are removed, and the crude is purified by flash chromatography (DCM/Et2O 100/0 to 0/100 and then DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 90/10) to afford the expected intermediate. LCMS: MW (calcd): 472; m/z MW (obsd): 472-474-476 (M+H).
2.21. tert-butyl 2-methyl-4-oxo-butanoate (Int 153)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00116
A three neck flask is charged with a solution of alkene Int 148 (6.3 g, 37 mmol, 1 eq.) and sudden III (cat.) in DCM and cooled at −78° C. 03 is bubbled trough the reaction mixture until the color became deep blue. The reaction mixture is purged with N2 for 30 min, Me2S is added and the reaction mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture is washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 80/20) affords the expected product.
2.22. 2-methoxy-4-methyl-pent-4-enoic acid (Int 154)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00117
Step i) Methoxy-acetic acid 2-methyl-allyl ester
To a solution of methoxy-acetic acid (15.54 g, 173 mmol, 1.1 eq.) and 2-methyl-prop-2-en-1-ol (14.5 mL, 172 mmol, 1 eq.) in pyridine (100 mL) at 0° C., is added p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (33.08 g, 173 mmol, 1 eq.). After 1 h, the cold bath is removed and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight. The reaction mixture is concentrated in vacuo and combined with a EtOAc and a saturated NaHCO3 solution is added. The organic layer is collected, washed with a solution of HCl 1N, water, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected ester used as such in next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 144; m/z MW (obsd): 145 (M+H); 167 (M+Na).
Step ii) 2-methoxy-4-methyl-pent-4-enoic acid (Int 154)
To a solution of the ester (1 g, 6.94 mmol, 1 eq.) in dry Et2O (10 mL) is added Et3N (1 mL, 7.17 mmol, 1.03 eq.) and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.3 mL, 7.18 mmol, 1.03 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, a solution of K2CO3 (5.45 g, 39.4 mmol, 5.68 eq.) in water (20 mL) is added. After 30 min, the reaction mixture is combined with Et2O, the aqueous layer is collected, cooled in an ice bath and the pH adjusted to pH=2 with H3PO4 (85%). The solution is saturated with NaCl and extracted with Et2O. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product used as such in next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 144; m/z MW (obsd): 143 (M−H).
2.23. 3-(4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoic acid (Int 162), and 3-[(4S)-4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid (Int 163)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00118
Step i) 3-(4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propanoic acid (Int 162)
A flask is charged with a solution of hydantoin (200 g, 746 mmol, 1 eq.) in dioxane (100 mL) and is cooled in an ice bath, HCl 6N in dioxane (1 μL) is added slowly. The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 4 h and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solid is suspended in 240 mL of acetonitrile, then stirred at reflux for 1 h, and allowed to cool down to r.t. under stirring. The resulting solid is separated by filtration, washed twice with acetonitrile (2×30 mL), and finally dried under vacuum at 45° C. to afford the expected carboxylic acid.
Step ii) 3-[(4S)-4-cyclopropyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid (Int 163)
The racemic hydantoin propionic acid is separated by SFC to afford a fast eluting isomer ((R)-enantiomer) and a slow eluting isomer ((S)-enantiomer).
The purification is done in 2 stages.
Conditions of the first separation: preparative SFC, Column: ChiralPak AD-101n, 300×50 mmI.D., Mobile phase: A for CO2 and B for Ethanol, Gradient: B 45%, Flow rate: 200 mL/min, Back pressure: 100 bar, Column temperature: 38° C., Wavelength: 220 nm, Cycletime: ˜10.0 min. The compound is dissolved in methanol to −120 mg/mL, and loaded on the column (16 mL per injection). After separation, the fractions are dried off via rotary evaporator to get the desired isomers.
Conditions of the second separation: Prep HPLC, Column: C18, 250×50 mm I.D., Mobile phase: A for H2O and B for Acetonitrile, Gradient: B 5%-20% in 15 min linearly, Flow rate: 80 mL/min, Wavelength: 220 nm. The compound is dissolved in methanol (˜100 mg/mL) and loaded on the column (10 mL per injection). After separation, the fraction is concentrated via rotary evaporator and the remaining aqueous layer is lyophilized.
2.24. 4-cyclopropyl-2-methyl-4-oxo-butanoic acid (Int 155)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00119
Step i) 3-Cyclopropyl-3-oxo-propionic acid ethyl ester
To a solution of Meldrum's acid (2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione, 50.10 g, 0.347 mol, 1 eq.) in DCM (500 mL) and pyridine (90 mL, 1.11 mol, 3.2 eq.) at 0° C., cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (35 mL, 0.386 mol, 1.1 eq.) is added dropwise. After 2 h, the cold bath is removed and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight and combined with a solution of HCl 2N. The organic layer is collected, washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered over activated charcoal and concentrated in vacuo. This residue is taken up in ethanol (300 mL) and stirred at reflux overnight, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/EtOAc 80/20) to afford the expected β-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 156; m/z MW (obsd): 157 (M+H); 179 (M+Na).
Step ii) 2-Cyclopropanecarbonyl-3-methyl-succinic acid 4-tert-butyl ester 1-ethyl ester
To a solution of the β-ketoester (16.09 g, 0.103 mol, 1 eq.) in MEK (200 mL) are added K2CO3 (28.56 g, 0.207 mol, 2 eq.), NaI (1.65 g, 0.011 mol, 0.1 eq.) and 2-Bromo-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (18 mL, 0.108 mol, 1.04 eq.). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 40 h and cooled to r.t. Water is added, reaction mixture acidified to pH 8 and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected γ-ketoester used as such in next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 284; m/z MW (obsd): 307 (M+Na).
Step iii) 4-cyclopropyl-2-methyl-4-oxo-butanoic acid (Int 155)
To a solution of the γ-ketoester (29.2 g, 0.103 mol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (100 mL) is added a solution of NaOH (12.6 g, 0.315 mol, 3 eq.) in water (100 mL). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 16 h, cooled to r.t., diluted with water (500 mL) and cooled in an ice bath. To this is added dropwise H3PO4 (85%, 4 mL, 0.059 mol) and conc. HCl (24 mL, 0.288 mol), the ice bath is removed and reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath and a solution of NaOH (17 g, 0.425 mol) in water (50 mL) is added to adjust the pH to 8. The solution is combined with DCM, the aqueous layer is collected, cooled in an ice bath and the pH adjusted to pH=2 with conc. HCl. The solution is saturated with NaCl and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 156; m/z MW (obsd): 157 (M+H); 179 (M+Na).
2.25. 3-[(4R)-4-methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]propanoic acid (Int 172)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00120
The racemic 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)propionic acid (805 g) is separated by SFC to afford 384 g of the faster eluting isomer and 388 g of the slower eluting isomer. Conditions of the separation: Instrument: Thar350 preparative SFC, Column: ChiralPak AD-10 μm, 300×50 mmI.D., Mobile phase: A for CO2 and B for iPrOH (0.1% TFA), Gradient: B 25%, Flow rate: 220 mL/min, Back pressure: 100 bar, Column temperature: 38° C., Wavelength: 210 nm, Cycletime: ˜3.8 min, Sample preparation: Compound is dissolved in methanol to −80 mg/mL, Injection: 1.0 mL per injection, Work up: After separation, the fractions are dried off via rotary evaporator at bath temperature 40° C. to get the desired isomers.
2.26. 5-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-oxo-pentanoic acid (Int 173)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00121
Step i) 5-Amino-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester
To a solution of 5-amino-4-oxo-pentanoic acid hydrochloride (0.5 g, 2.98 mmol, 1 eq.) in MeOH (3 mL) at 0° C. is added thionyl chloride (0.7 mL, 8.95 mmol, 3 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected methyl ester (hydrochloride salt) used as such in next step.
Step ii) 5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester
To a solution of the methyl ester (0.54 g, 2.98 mmol, 1 eq.) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.3 g, 5.97 mmol, 2 eq.) in dry DMF (5 mL) at 0° C. is added Et3N (0.8 mL, 5.97 mmol, 2 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at 0° C. for 2 h then at r.t. overnight, concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are dried by filtration over hydrophobic column and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected NBoc derivative.
Step iii) 5-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-oxo-pentanoic acid (Int 173)
To a solution of the methyl ester (0.495 g, 2.02 mmol, 1 eq.) in THF (4 mL) is added a solution of LiOH 1M (4 mL, 4 mmol, 2 eq.). Reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h, neutralised to pH 5 and concentrated in vacuo (toluene azeotrope) to afford the expected product used as such in next step.
2.27. 5-methoxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid (Int 177)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00122
Step i) 5-Methoxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester
To a solution of iodosylbenzene (4.75 g, 21.6 mmol, 1.5 eq.) in DCM (200 mL) at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere is added pent-4-ynoic acid (1.41 g, 14.4 mmol, 1 eq.) portionwise. BF3.OEt (3.65 mL, 28.8 mmol, 2 eq.) is added dropwise and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The resulting precipitate is separated by filtration, and dried under N2. MeOH (100 mL) is added, the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (Hexanes/EtOAc 700/30 to 400/60) to afford the expected methoxy methyl ester derivative used as such in the next step.
Step ii) 5-methoxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid (Int 177)
A solution of the methyl ester (500 mg, 3.1 mmol, 1 eq.) and NaOH (625 mg, 15 mmol, 5 eq.) in THF (6.6 mL), water (4.4 mL) and MeOH (11 mL) is stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then the pH is adjusted to 3.3 with conc. HCl. Reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc, the combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product used as such in next step.
2.28. 5-(2-methoxyethoxy)-2-methyl-4-oxo-pentanoic acid (Int 185)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00123
Step i) 4-(2-Methoxy-ethoxy)-3-oxo-butyric acid ethyl ester
To a solution of monoethyl malonic acid (5.9 mL, 50 mmol, 1.25 eq.) in dry THF (200 mL), is added magnesium ethoxide (2.86 g, 25 mmol, 0.625 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred for 1.5 h and concentrated in vacuo. In another flask, CDI (7.13 g, 44 mmol, 1.1 eq.) is added to a solution of (2-methoxy-ethoxy)-acetic acid (4.6 mL, 40 mmol, 1 eq.) in THF (200 mL). After 4 h at r.t., this reaction mixture is added to the magnesium salt prepared above. This new mixture is heated at reflux for 4 h, stirred at r.t. for 2 days and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water and EtOAc, a solution of HCl 0.5N is added, the organic layer is collected, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) affords the expected β-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 204; m/z MW (obsd): 205 (M+H); 227 (M+Na).
Step ii) 2-[2-(2-Methoxy-ethoxy)-acetyl]-3-methyl-succinic acid 4-tert-butyl ester 1-ethyl ester
To a solution of the β-ketoester (3 g, 14.7 mmol, 1 eq.) in MEK (60 mL) are added K2CO3 (4.1 g, 29.5 mmol, 2 eq.), KI (0.32 g, 1.5 mmol, 0.1 eq.) and 2-bromo-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (2.4 mL, 14.7 mmol, 1 eq.). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in water and EtOAc, extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 0/100) to afford the expected γ-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 332; m/z MW (obsd): 333 (M+H), 355 (M+Na).
Step iii
To a solution of the γ-ketoester (332 mg, 1 mmol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (1.5 mL) is added a solution of NaOH 2N (1.5 mL). Reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 16 h, cooled to r.t., diluted with water (2 mL) and cooled in an ice bath. To this is added dropwise H3PO4 (85%, 16 μL) and cone. HCl (180 μL), the ice bath is removed and reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath, a solution of NaOH 2N is added to adjust the pH to 8. The solution is combined with DCM, the aqueous layer is collected, cooled in an ice bath and the pH adjusted to pH=2 with conc. HCl. The solution is saturated with NaCl and extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 248; m/z MW (obsd): 249 (M+H); 271 (M+Na).
2.29. 4-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethyloxy)phenyl]-4-oxo-butanoic acid (Int 189)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00124
Step i
To a solution of 4-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid (1 g, 5.1 mmol, 1 eq.) in DMA (20 mL) are added 2-dimethylamino-ethanol (1.02 mL, 10.2 mmol, 2 eq.) and KOH (1.43 g, 25.5 mmol, 5 eq.). Reaction mixture is heated at 120° C. for 1 h, 2-dimethylamino-ethanol (1.02 mL, 2 eq.) is added, heating is pursued for 2 h, 2-dimethylamino-ethanol (4.08 mL, 8 eq.) is added, heating is pursued for 3 h. A solution of 2N HCl is added and reaction mixture is extracted with EtOAc and n-BuOH. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up in MeOH and the precipitate is filtered. Analysis of the precipitate shows a mixture of expected carboxylic acid contaminated with methyl ester and n-butyl ester. The mixture is used as such for next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 265 (R═H); 279 (R=Me); 321 (R=n-Bu); m/z MW (obsd): 266 (M+H, R═H), 280 (M+H, R=Me), 322 (M+H, R=n-Bu).
Step ii
To a solution of the above mixture of carboxylic acid, methyl ester and n-butyl ester in MeOH (100 mL) is added cone. HCl (4 mL). Reaction mixture is heated at 70° C. overnight and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is taken up with saturated NaHCO3 solution, extracted with EtOAc, the combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 80/20) affords the expected methyl ester derivative. LCMS: MW (calcd): 279; m/z MW (obsd): 280 (M+H).
Step iii
To a solution of the methyl ester (535 mg, 1.92 mmol, 1 eq.) in MeOH (16 mL) is added a solution of NaOH 2N (1.15 mL, 2.3 mmol, 1.2 eq.). Reaction mixture is heated at 70° C. for 2 h and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product used as such in next step. LCMS: MW (calcd): 265; m/z MW (obsd): 266 (M+H).
2.30. 6-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-methyl-4-oxo-hexanoic acid (Int 191
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00125
Step i) 5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-oxo-pentanoic acid ethyl ester
To a solution of 3-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid (1 g, 5.29 mmol, 1 eq.) in DCM (30 mL) at 0° C. under N2 atmosphere are added portionwise DMAP (969 mg, 7.93 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and 2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione (838 mg, 5.81 mmol, 1.1 eq.) and finally EDC.HCl (1.22 g, 6.34 mmol, 1.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. overnight, diluted with DCM and washed with a solution of KHSO4 5%, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. This residue is taken up in dry Ethanol (20 mL) and the reaction mixture is stirred at reflux overnight, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with DCM/EtOAc 100/0 to 50/50) to afford the expected β-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 259; m/z MW (obsd): 282 (M+Na).
Step ii) 2-(3-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-propionyl)-3-methyl-succinic acid 4-tert-butyl ester 1-ethyl ester
To a solution of the β-ketoester (919 mg, 3.54 mmol, 1 eq.) in MEK are added K2CO3 (980 mg, 7.09 mmol, 2 eq.), NaI (53 mg, 0.35 mmol, 0.1 eq.) and 2-bromo-propionic acid tert-butyl ester (588 μL, 3.54 mmol, 1 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at 95° C. for 24 h and cooled to r.t. Water is added, reaction mixture acidified to pH 8 and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers are washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (eluting with heptane/EtOAc 100/0 to 80/20) to afford the expected γ-ketoester. LCMS: MW (calcd): 387; m/z MW (obsd): 388 (M+H).
Step iii) 6-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-methyl-4-oxo-hexanoic acid (Int 191)
To a solution of the γ-ketoester (1.2 g, 3.1 mmol, 1 eq.) in EtOH (4.7 mL) is added a solution of NaOH 2N (4.65 mL, 9.29 mmol, 3 eq.). The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for 16 h, cooled to r.t, diluted with water (500 mL) and cooled in an ice bath. To this is added dropwise H3PO4 (85%, 48 μL) and cone. HCl (3.4 mL), the ice bath is removed and reaction mixture stirred at r.t. for 2 days. The reaction mixture is cooled in an ice bath, a solution of NaOH 2N is added to adjust the pH to 8. The solution is combined with DCM, the aqueous layer is collected, cooled in an ice bath and the pH adjusted to pH=3-4 with HCl 2N. The solution is extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers are dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 259; m/z MW (obsd): 260 (M+H).
2.31. 3-methyl-5-[(2S)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole (Int 238)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00126
Step i) (S)-4-Cyano-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
Same as 2.13, step i)
Step ii) 3-methyl-5-[(2S)-2-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole (Int 238)
To a solution of (S)-4-cyano-3-methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (617 mg, 2.74 nmol, 1 eq.) and N-hydroxy-acetamidine (304 mg, 4.11 mmol, 1.5 eq.) in THF (10 mL) and EtOAc (10 mL) under argon, is slowly added ZnCl2 (1M in Et2O, 6.85 mL, 6.85 mmol, 2.5 eq.) and the reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 3 h and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in ethanol (20 mL) and conc. HCl is added (2.5 mL). The resulting solution is stirred at 100° C. for 4 h, cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in water and pH adjusted to 12 with 2M NaOH. The white precipitate is filtered off and the water filtrate extracted with 10% MeOH in DCM. The combined organic layers are evaporated in vacuo to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 182; m/z MW (obsd): 183 (M+H).
2.32. 5-bromo-2-chloro-N,N-dimethyl-aniline (Int 285)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00127
1-bromo-4-chloro-3-fluoro-benzene (367 μL, 3.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.), dimethylamine hydrochloride (489 mg, 6.0 mmol, 2.0 eq.) and DIPEA (1.6 mL, 9.0 mmol, 3.0 eq.) are heated in DMA (5 mL) in a sealed microwave vial at 115° C. for 18 h, then 125° C. for 2 days. Dimethylamine hydrochloride (400 mg, 4.9 mmol, 1.6 eq.) is added to the reaction mixture and the vial is heated at 130° C. for 2 days. The reaction mixture is then poured into water and brine. The aqueous layer is extracted 3 times with EtOAc. The combined organic phases are washed successively with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 233; m/z MW (obsd): 234-236 (M+H).
2.33. N-(5-bromo-2-chloro-phenyl)-N-methyl-acetamide (Int 286)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00128
Step i) N-(5-Bromo-2-chloro-phenyl)-acetamide
To a solution of 3-bromo-6-chloroaniline (2.0 g, 9.7 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in DCM (30 mL) is added acetic anhydride (1.1 mL, 11.6 mmol, 1.2 eq.). The reaction mixture is stirred at r.t. for 22 h. The reaction mixture is washed successively with water and a saturated NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue is stirred in DCM and Et2O is added. The resulting suspension is filtered and the solid is dried under suction to afford the expected acetamide. MW (calcd): 247; m/z MW (obsd): 248-250 (M+H).
Step ii) N-(5-bromo-2-chloro-phenyl)-N-methyl-acetamide (Int 286)
To a solution of 3-bromo-6-chloroacetanilide (1.53 g, 6.2 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in DMF (17 mL) is added sodium hydride (322 mg, 8.1 mmol, 1.3 eq.) under nitrogen atmosphere. After 10 min stirring at r.t., methyl iodide (502 μL, 8.1 mmol, 1.3 eq.) is added. The reaction mixture is allowed to stir at r.t. under nitrogen atmosphere for 18 h. The mixture is poured into water and brine and extracted 3 times with EtOAc. The combined organic phases are washed successively with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 261; m/z MW (obsd): 262-264 (M+H).
2.34. 1-bromo-3-chloro-5-fluoro-2-methyl-benzene (Int 287)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00129
Sulfuric acid (0.9 mL) and NBS (1.0 g, 6.0 mmol, 1.2 eq.) are added to a solution of 2-chloro-4-fluorotoluene (604 μL, 5.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in TFA (3 mL). The reaction mixture is allowed to stir at r.t. for 18 h. The reaction is quenched with brine at 0° C., then extracted twice with DCM. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected product as a mixture, which is used as such in the next step.
2.35. 4-Cyclo propyl-4-oxo-butyric acid tert-butyl ester (Int 290)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00130
A solution of LDA (3.0 L, 5.98 mol, 1.17 eq.) in THF (2.5 L) is cooled to −78° C. A solution of 1-cyclopropylethanone (460 g, 5.11 mol, 1 eq.) in THF (0.5 L) is added dropwise, then warmed to −20° C. and stirred for 30 min. The reaction mixture is cooled to −78° C. and tert-butyl bromoacetate (997 g, 5.11 mol, 1 eq.) in THF (0.5 L) is added slowly. The reaction is stirred at 0° C. overnight, quenched with saturated NH4C1 aq. (3.3 L), extracted with EtOAc (0.5 L×3), washed with water (0.5 L×2), saturated NH4C1 aq. (1 L), and brine (1 L), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. Purification by distillation under reduced pressure (5 mbar, 95° C.) affords the expected γ-ketoester.
2.36. 5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-3-methyl-4-pyridazin-3-yl]-piperazin-1-yl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 302)
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00131
To a suspension of Cpd 285 (72 mg, 0.177 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in EtOH (1.7 mL) and DMF (0.7 mL) is added Et3N (0.2 mL, 1.44 mmol, 8 eq.). The mixture is heated at 40-50° C. and Pd/C (14 mg) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 21 hours. The mixture is filtered through diatonite and evaporated under vacuum. The crude residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the expected product.
2.37. Int 317
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00132
Step i
A vial is charged with 1,6-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione (47.4 mg, 0.30 mmol, 1 eq), Int 313 (79 mg, 0.29 mmol, 0.95 eq), dry dioxane (2 mL), and triethyl amine (0.2 mL, 1.4 mmol, 4.7 eq). After 16 h, the mixture is combined with DCM (100 mL) and aqueous H3PO4/NaH2PO4 (1M, 100 mL) in a separation funnel. The organic phase is collected, washed with brine (100 mL), and dried over MgSO4. After filtration, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation to give the expected product which is used in the following step without further purification.
Step ii
A pressure vessel is charged with the acid synthesized in step i) (0.92 mol), DCM (10 mL), and cooled in a NaCl/ice bath (−20° C.). Isobutene (3.06 g, 54.5 mmol, 59 eq) is condensed into the cold solution, and concentrated H2SO4 (0.1 mL, 1.8 mmol, 2.0 eq) is added. The vessel is hermetically sealed, and then the cold bath is removed. After 16 h, the vessel is cooled in a NaCl/ice bath (−20° C.), and opened. Et3N (1.0 mL, 7.2 mmol, 7.8 eq) is added, and the cold bath is removed. Once all volatiles had evaporated, the mixture is combined with H2O (100 mL) and DCM (100 mL) in a separatory funnel, and agitated. The organic phase is collected, washed with brine (100 mL) and dried over MgSO4. After filtration, volatiles are removed from the filtrate via rotary evaporation. The residue is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/DCM 1:4), to afford the expected compound Int 317.
2.38. Int 318
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00133
Step i
Sodium tetraborohydride (345 mg, 9.1 mmol, 2.0 eq.) is added portionwise to a solution of 5-bromo-2-chloro-benzaldehyde (1.0 g, 4.6 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in EtOH (12.5 mL). The reaction mixture is allowed to stir at r.t. for 40 min. Water and EtOAc are added and the reaction mixture is extracted 3 times with EtOAc. The organic phases are combined, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected intermediate.
Step ii
Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (393 μL, 2.7 mmol, 2.0 eq.) is added slowly to a solution of 5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl alcohol (200 mg, 1.4 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in DCM (2 mL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to r.t. for 1 h45. The reaction mixture is concentrated to dryness and taken up in DCM. A saturated NaHCO3 solution is cautiously added and the layers are separated. The combined organic layers are washed 3 times with water, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford the expected product which is used as such in the next step.
2.39. Cpd 471
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00134
A flask is charged with Int 315 (28 mg, 0.06 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and a solution of HCl in dioxane (4N) (1 mL) is added, and stirring is kept at room temperature for 3 h. Reaction mixture is diluted with water, a solution of NaHCO3 is added and extracted with DCM. Organic layers are combined and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain crude product which is purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (DCM/MeOH 100/0 to 92/8) to afford the expected carboxylic acid. LCMS: MW (calcd): 450; m/z MW (obsd): 451-453 (M+H).
2.40. Cpd 477
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00135
A flask is charged with Cpd 475 (68 mg, 0.013 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and a solution of HCl in dioxane (4.0M, 10 mL, 40 mmol, 300 eq.). The flask is capped with an oil bubbler and slowly flushed with a stream of N2. After 64 h, volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation, and the residue is dissolved in a solution of HCl in dioxane (4.0M, 10 mL, 40 mmol, 300 eq.). The reaction mixture is allowed to stir at r.t. for 40 h. Volatiles are removed via rotary evaporation. The residue is dissolved in DMSO and purified by preparative LC-MS to afford the expected product. LCMS: MW (calcd): 464; m/z MW (obsd): 465 (M+H).
2.41. (5S)-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3-Chlor-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methoxymethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (Cpd 455): chiral separation by SFC
Cpd 432 is purified by SFC using the following conditions:
Instrument: Waters Thar SFC prep100
Column: Chiralpak IA (20×250 mm), 5 uM
Mobile phase: Isocratic 35% EtOH and 65% CO2.
Flow rate: 100 mL/min
Cpd 432 (1.372 g) is dissolved in EtOH (70 mL) (approximately 20 mg/mL), Injection volume 1500 μL which equates to loading of 30 mg on column per injection, total number of stacks: 49. This purification affords the expected product Cpd 455 as a single enantiomer.
TABLE II
Illustrative intermediate for the synthesis of illustrative compounds of the invention
trans:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00136
Int Structure Name Mtd SM MW Ms'd
001
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00137
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-prop-2- en-1-one D1a 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + 1-(3,5-dichloro- phenyl)piperazine 299  299- 301
002
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00138
 		1-[4-(3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-prop-2- en-1-one D1a 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + 1-(3,4-difluoro- phenyl)piperazine 266 267
003
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00139
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,4- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-prop-2- en-1-one D1a 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + Int 199 280 281
004
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00140
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]prop-2-en-1- one D1a Acryloyl chloride + Int 207 266 267
005
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00141
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl] prop-2- en-1-one D1a Acryloyl chloride + 1-(3- Chlorophenyl) piperazine 251 N.A.
006
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00142
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]prop-2-en-1- one D1a Acryloyl chloride + Int 198 283  283- 285
007
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00143
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]prop-2-en-1- one D1a Acryloyl chloride + Int 206 283  283- 285
008
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00144
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]prop-2-en-1-one D1a Acryloyl chloride + Int 197 299  299- 301
009
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00145
 		1-[4-(3-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- prop-2-en-1-one D1b 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + Int 196 279  279- 281
010
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00146
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-prop-2- en-1-one D1a 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + 1-(3-Chloro- phenyl) piperazine 265 N.A.
011
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00147
 		1-[4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- prop-2-en-1-one D1a 2-Methyl- acryloyl chloride + Int 204 262 N.A.
012
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00148
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2-methyl-1H- imidazol-5- yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a 2-methyl-1H- imidazole-4- carbaldehyde + Int 004 376 377
013
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00149
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- (dimethylamino) pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 178 + 1-(3-chloro- phenyl) piperazine 338 N.A.
014
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00150
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-5- (dimethylamino) pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 178 + 1-(5- chloro-2-methyl- phenyl)- piperazine 352 N.A.
015
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00151
 		5- (dimethylamino)- 1-[4-(o- tolyl)piperazin-1- yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 Int 178 + 1-(o- tolyl) piperazine dihydrochloride 317 N.A.
016
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00152
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5-[2- methoxyethyl (methyl)amino] pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 130 + 1-(3- chloro- phenyl) piperazine 382 N.A.
017
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00153
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- morpholino- pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 131 + 1-(3-chloro- phenyl) piperazine 380 N.A.
018
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00154
 		tert-butyl-N-[[4- [3-[4-[3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo- propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]methyl]carbamate F Int 127 480 N.A.
019
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00155
 		tert-butyl N-[[4- [3-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- oxo-propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]methyl]carbamate F Int 128 514 N.A.
020
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00156
 		1-[4-[3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methoxy-pentane- 1,4-dione H2 Int 177 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 359  359- 361
021
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00157
 		2-[6-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methyl-3,6-dioxo- hexyl]isoindoline- 1,3-dione D2a Int 001 + 3-(1,3-Dioxo-1,3- dihydroisoindol- 2-yl)- propionaldehyde 502  502-  504- 506
022
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00158
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (1-methylpyrazol- 3-yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 1- Methyl-1H- pyrazole-3- carbaldehyde 376 377
023
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00159
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2-methyloxazol- 4-yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 2- Methyl-oxazole- 4-carbaldehyde 377 378
024
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00160
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (6-methoxy-3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + 6- Methoxy- pyridine-3- carbaldehyde 403 404
025
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00161
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 3-yl-butyric acid + 1-(5-Chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 372  372- 374
026
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00162
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 3-yl-butyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 358  358- 360
027
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00163
 		1-[4-(o-tolyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 3-yl-butyric acid + 1-(o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 337 338
028
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00164
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(5-Chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 372  372- 374
029
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00165
 		5-methyl-1-[4-(o- tolyl) piperazin-1- yl]hexane-1,4- dione H3 5-Methyl-4- oxohexanoic acid + 1-(o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 302 N.A.
030
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00166
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-5-methyl- hexane-1,4-dione H3 5-Methyl-4- oxohexanoic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 337 N.A.
031
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00167
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 321 N.A.
032
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00168
 		1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(o- tolyl)piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 300 N.A.
033
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00169
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 335 N.A.
034
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00170
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclobutyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclobutyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 335  335- 337
035
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00171
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclobutyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclobutyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 349  349- 351
036
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00172
 		1-[4-(3-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 335 N.A.
037
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00173
 		1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(3-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]butane-1,4- dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 318 N.A.
038
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00174
 		1-[4-(3-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 355 N.A.
039
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00175
 		1-[4-(2,3- dimethylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(2,3- Dimethyl- phenyl)- piperazine 351 N.A.
040
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00176
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 010 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 335  335- 337
041
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00177
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1- yl]hexane-1,4- dione D2b Int 005 + propanal 309 N.A.
042
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00178
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(3- methoxyphenyl) butane-1,4-dione D2b Int 005 + 3-Methoxy- benzaldehyde 387  387- 389
043
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00179
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(4- methylsulfonyl- phenyl)butane-1,4- dione D2b Int 005 + 4- Methylsulphonyl benzaldehyde 435  435- 437
044
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00180
 		4-[4-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo- butanoyl]benzonitrile D2a Int 005 + 4-cyano- benzaldehyde 382  382- 384
045
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00181
 		1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H3 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 355 N.A.
046
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00182
 		4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 001 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 369  369- 371
047
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00183
 		4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- butane-1,4-dione D2b Int 011 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 332 333
048
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00184
 		1-[4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- pentane-1,4-dione D2b Int 011 + acetaldehyde 306 307
049
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00185
 		4-cyclopropyl-1- [(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 Int 155 + Int 202 332 333
050
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00186
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione H3 Int 155 + Int 198 367  367- 369
051
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00187
 		1-[(3S)-4-(4- chlorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione H3 Int 155 + Int 205 349  349- 351
052
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00188
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione H3 Int 155 + Int 206 367  367- 369
053
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00189
 		4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- hydroxy-butane- 1,4-dione 2.14 Cyclopropane carbonyl chloride + Meldrum's acid + benzyl alcohol + crotonyl chloride + 3,5- dichlorophenyl piperazine 371 N.A.
054
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00190
 		benzyl 2- (cyclopropane- carbonyl)-4-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- ethoxy-4-oxo- butanoate 2.14 Cyclopropane carbonyl chloride + Meldrum's acid + benzyl alcohol + crotonyl chloride + 3,5- dichlorophenyl piperazine 533 N.A.
055
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00191
 		4-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- methyl-4-oxo- butanal D4 Int 124 329  329- 331
056
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00192
 		4-cyclopropyl-1- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-butane- 1,4-dione 2.15 Int 054 385 N.A.
057
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00193
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methoxy- pentane-1,4-dione D4 Int 125 322 N.A.
058
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00194
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-pentane- 1,4-dione D4 Int 126 357 N.A.
059
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00195
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (6-methyl-3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2c Int 006 + 6-Methyl- pyridine-3- carbaldehyde 404  404- 406
060
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00196
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (4- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2c Int 006 + Pyridine-4- carbaldehyde 390  390- 392
061
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00197
 		1-[4-[3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- ethyl-pentane-1,4- dione H2 Int 190 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 357  357- 359
062
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00198
 		5-[2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 3-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-3-oxo- propyl]-5-methyl- imidazolidine- 2,4-dione H2 Int 135 + Int 202 483 N.A.
063
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00199
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-5- (2- methoxyethoxy)- 2-methyl- pentane-1,4-dione H2 Int 185 + Int 197 431  431- 433
064
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00200
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- [(2,5- dimethylpyrazol- 3- yl)methyl]pentane- 1,4-dione E Int 121 + 5-Chloromethyl- 1,3-dimethyl-1H- pyrazole 437  437- 439
065
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00201
 		3-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine-1- carbonyl]-5-oxo- hexanenitrile E Int 121 + Bromo- acetonitrile 368  368- 370
066
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00202
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-2- (methoxymethyl) pentane-1,4-dione E Int 122 + Bromo-methoxy- methane 336 337
067
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00203
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-[4- (3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- methyl-4-oxo- butanoyl]azetidine- 1-carboxylate D2b Int 002 + 1-Boc-3- azetidine- carboxaldehyde 452 453
068
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00204
 		tert-butyl 3-[4- [(3S)-4-(3,4- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-3- methyl-4-oxo- butanoyl]azetidine- 1-carboxylate D2b Int 003 + 1-Boc-3- azetidine- carboxaldehyde 466 467
069
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00205
 		tert-butyl N-[6-[4- (3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methyl-3,6-dioxo- hexyl]carbamate H2 Int 191 + 1-(3,4-difluoro- phenyl) piperazine 440 441
070
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00206
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (6-methoxy-2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + 6-Methoxy- pyridine-2- carbaldehyde 403 404
071
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00207
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (6-methoxy-3- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + 6-Methoxy- pyridine-3- carbaldehyde 403 404
072
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00208
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- [6- (trifluoromethyl)- 3-pyridyl]butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + 6- Trifluoromethyl- pyridine-3- carbaldehyde 441 442
073
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00209
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2-methyl-4- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + 2- Methyl-pyridine- 4-carbaldehyde 387 388
074
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00210
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methyl-hexane- 1,4-dione H3 5-Methyl-4- oxohexanoic acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 323  323- 325
075
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00211
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methyl-hexane- 1,4-dione H3 5-Methyl-4- oxohexanoic acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 357  357- 359
076
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00212
 		1-[4-(2,5- dimethylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(2,5- Dimethylphenyl) piperazine 351 352
077
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00213
 		1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(2,5- dimethylphenyl) piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H1 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(2,5- Dimethylphenyl) piperazine 314 315
078
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00214
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(2- methoxyphenyl) butane-1,4-dione H2 4-(2- methoxyphenyl)- 4-oxobutyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 387  387- 389
079
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00215
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (5- methylisoxazol-3- yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 5- Methylisoxazole- 3-carboxaldehyde 377 378
080
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00216
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclohexyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-cyclohexyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 377  377- 379
081
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00217
 		(E)-1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]but- 2-en-1-one D1 crotonyl chloride + 3,5-dichloro- phenyl piperazine 299 N.A.
082
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00218
 		1-cyclopropyl-4- [4-(2,3-dimethyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]butane-1,4- dione H1 4-Cyclopropyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(2,3- Dimethylphenyl) piperazine 314 N.A.
083
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00219
 		1-[4-(3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazine 359 360
084
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00220
 		1-[4-(3-chloro-4- fluoro-phenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-Oxo-4-pyridin- 2-yl-butyric acid + 1-(3-Chloro-4- fluorophenyl) piperazine dihydrochloride 376  376- 378
085
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00221
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- oxazol-4-yl- butane-1,4-dione D2a Int 007 + Oxazole-4- carbaldehyde 380  380- 382
086
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00222
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-6- (dimethylamino) hexane-1,4-dione H1 6-dimethylamino- 4-ketohexanoic acid hydrochloride + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 386  386-  388- 390
087
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00223
 		1-[4- (dimethylamino- methyl)phenyl]-4- [4-(o-tolyl) piperazin-1-yl] butane-1,4-dione D7 Int 117 394 395
088
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00224
 		1-[4-(3-chloro- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-[4-(2- dimethylamino- ethyloxy)phenyl] butane-1,4-dione H1 Int 189 + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 444  444- 446
089
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00225
 		1-[4-(2- dimethylaminoethyloxy) phenyl]-4- [4-(o- tolyl)piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H1 Int 189 + 1-(o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 424 425
090
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00226
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-[4- (dimethylamino- methyl)phenyl] butane-1,4-dione D7 Int 118 414  414- 416
091
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00227
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5,5- dimethyl-hexane- 1,4-dione H1 5,5-Dimethyl-4- oxo-hexanoic acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 337  337- 339
092
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00228
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl-phenyl) piperazin-1-yl]- 5,5-dimethyl- hexane-1,4-dione H1 5,5-Dimethyl-4- oxo-hexanoic acid + 1-(5- chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 351  351- 353
093
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00229
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclopentyl- butane-1,4-dione H1 4-Cyclopentyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 349  349- 351
094
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00230
 		1-[4-(5-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopentyl- butane-1,4-dione H1 4-Cyclopentyl-4- oxo-butyric acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine 363  363- 365
095
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00231
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(m- tolyl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 005 + 3-Methyl- benzaldehyde 371  371- 373
096
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00232
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-[3- [4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-3-oxo- propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]azetidine-1- carboxylate F Int 119 554  554- 556
097
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00233
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-4- tetrahydropyran- 4-yl-butane-1,4- dione D2b Int 001 + Tetrahydro- pyran-4- carbaldehyde 413  413- 415
098
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00234
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-6- methylsulfanyl- hexane-1,4-dione D2b Int 001 + 3- (Methylthio) propionaldehyde 403  403- 405
099
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00235
 		tert-butyl 4-[5-[4- (3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- methyl-2,5-dioxo- pentyl]piperidine- 1-carboxylate D2b Int 001 + 4-(2-Oxo-ethyl)- piperidine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 527  527- 529
100
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00236
 		tert-butyl N-[2-[4- [3-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-3-oxo- propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]ethyl] carbamate F Int 150 542  542- 544
101
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00237
 		1-[4-(3-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4- cyclopropyl-2- methyl-butane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 009 + cyclopropane- carboxaldehyde 349  349- 351
102
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00238
 		1-[4-(3-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methyl- pentane-1,4-dione D2b Int 009 + Acetaldehyde 323  323- 325
103
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00239
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 202 355 356
104
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00240
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 206 390  309- 392
105
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00241
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 201 406  406- 408
106
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00242
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 207 373 374
107
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00243
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- oxazol-4-yl- butane-1,4-dione D2a Int 004 + Oxazole-4- carbaldehyde 363 364
108
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00244
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (1- methylimidazol- 4-yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 1- Methyl-1H- imidazole-4- carbaldehyde 376 377
109
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00245
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-6- (dimethylamino) hexane-1,4-dione H1 6-dimethylamino- 4-ketohexanoic acid hydrochloride + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 352  352- 354
110
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00246
 		(S)-4-(3,5- Difluoro-phenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester 2.18 Int 290 268 N.A.
111
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00247
 		1-[4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- cyclohexyl- butane-1,4-dione H3 4-cyclohexyl-4- oxobutyric acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 363  363- 365
112
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00248
 		1-[4-(3- fluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + 1-(3- Fluorophenyl) piperazine 341 342
113
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00249
 		1-[4-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-4-(2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 204 355 356
114
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00250
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (1-methylpyrazol- 4-yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 1- Methyl-1H- pyrazole-4- carbaldehyde 376 377
115
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00251
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2,5- dimethyloxazol- 4-yl)butane-1,4- dione D2a Int 004 + 2,5- Dimethyl- oxazole-4- carbaldehyde 391 392
116
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00252
 		tert-butyl 2-[4-[3- [4-(4-chloro-3- methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-3-oxo- propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]acetate F Int 120 479 479
117
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00253
 		1-(4- bromophenyl)-4- [4-(o- tolyl)piperazin-1- yl]butane-1,4- dione H1 4-(4-Bromo- phenyl)-4-oxo- butyric acid + 1- (o- tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride 415  415- 417
118
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00254
 		1-(4- bromophenyl)-4- [4-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazin- 1-yl]butane- 1,4-dione H1 4-(4-Bromo- phenyl)-4-oxo- butyric acid + 1- (3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 436  435- 437
119
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00255
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-[4- (3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- methyl-4-oxo- butanoyl]azetidine- 1-carboxylate D2b Int 001+ 3- Formyl-azetidine- 1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 484  484- 486
120
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00256
 		tert-butyl 6-[4-(4- chloro-3-methyl- phenyl)piperazin- 1-yl]-3,6-dioxo- hexanoate H2 Int 129 + Int 284 409 409
121
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00257
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1- yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 levulinic acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 329  329- 331
122
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00258
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 levulinic acid + Int 202 292 293
123
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00259
 		1-[4-(3,5 dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-3- methyl-pent-4-en- 1-one H3 3-Methyl-4- pentenoic acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 327 N.A.
124
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00260
 		1-[4-(3,5 dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-pent-4-en- 1-one H3 2-Methyl-4- pentenoic acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 327  327- 329
125
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00261
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- fluorophenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-2-methoxy- 4-methyl-pent-4- en-1-one H3 Int 154 + Int 202 320 321
126
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00262
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-4- methyl-pent-4-en- 1-one H3 Int 154 + Int 206 355  355- 357
127
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00263
 		tert-butyl N-[5-[4- (3- chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2,5- dioxo- pentyl]carbamate H2 Int 173 + 1-(3- chlorophenyl) piperazine 410 N.A.
128
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00264
 		tert-butyl N-[5-[4- (3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2,5- dioxo- pentyl]carbamate H2 Int 173 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 444 N.A.
129
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00265
 		6-tert-butoxy-4,6- dioxo-hexanoic acid 2.16 Succinic anhydride + tertbutyl acetate 216 N.A.
130
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00266
 		5-[2- methoxyethyl(methyl) amino]-4- oxo-pentanoic acid D6 levulinic acid + (2-methoxy- ethyl)-methyl- amine 203 N.A.
131
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00267
 		5-morpholino-4- oxo-pentanoic acid D6 levulinic acid + morpholine 201 N.A.
132
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00268
 		3-[2,5-dioxo-4-(3- pyridyl)imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid G Int 133 249 N.A.
133
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00269
 		tert-butyl 3-[2,5- dioxo-4-(3- pyridyl)imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoate F Int 134 305 306
134
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00270
 		tert-butyl 4-oxo- 4-(3- pyridyl)butanoate C4 Pyridine-3- carbaldehyde + Acrylic acid tert- butyl ester 235 236
135
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00271
 		2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 3-(4-methyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid G Int 136 306 307
136
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00272
 		tert-butyl 2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 3-(4-methyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoate F Int 137 362 N.A.
137
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00273
 		tert-butyl 2- (benzyloxy- methyl)-4-oxo- pentanoate 2.17 Int 138 292 315 (M + Na)
138
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00274
 		2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 4-oxo-pentanoic acid D5 benzyloxy- acetaldehyde 236 N.A.
139
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00275
 		3-(2,5-dioxo-4- pyrimidin-2-yl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid G + H2O Int 140 250 251
140
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00276
 		tert-butyl 3-(2,5- dioxo-4- pyrimidin-2-yl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoate F Int 141 306 307
141
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00277
 		tert-butyl 4-oxo- 4-pyrimidin-2-yl- butanoate C2 1-Pyrimidin-2-yl- ethanone + Bromo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 236 237
142
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00278
 		3-(2,5-dioxo-4- pyrazin-2-yl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid G Int 143 250 249 (M − H)
143
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00279
 		tert-butyl 3-(2,5- dioxo-4-pyrazin- 2-yl-imidazolidin- 4-yl)propanoate F Int 144 306 307
144
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00280
 		tert-butyl 4-oxo- 4-pyrazin-2-yl- butanoate C2 1-Pyrazin-2-yl- ethanone + Bromo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 236 237
145
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00281
 		3-[4-[(3,3- difluoropyrrolidin- 1-yl)methyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]-2-methyl- propanoic acid G Int 146 305 N.A.
146
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00282
 		tert-butyl 3-[4- [(3,3- difluoropyrrolidin- 1-yl)methyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]-2-methyl- propanoate F Int 147 361 N.A.
147
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00283
 		tert-butyl 5-(3,3- difluoropyrrolidin- 1-yl)-2-methyl- 4-oxo-pentanoate C5 Int 148 + 2,2- Difluoro- pyrrolidine hydrochloride 291 292
148
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00284
 		tert-butyl 2- methylpent-4- enoate C3 2-Methyl-pent-4- enoic acid 170 N.A.
149
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00285
 		2-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- oxo-acetaldehyde D4 Int 081 287 N.A.
150
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00286
 		tert-butyl N-[6-[4- (3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-5- methyl-3,6-dioxo- hexyl]carbamate 2.19 Int 021 472  472-  474- 476
151
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00287
 		3-(2,5- dioxoimidazolidin- 4-yl)-2-methyl- propanoic acid G Int 152 186 N.A.
152
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00288
 		tert-butyl 3-(2,5- dioxoimidazolidin- 4-yl)-2-methyl- propanoate F Int 153 242 N.A.
153
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00289
 		tert-butyl 2- methyl-4-oxo- butanoate 2.20 Int 148 172 N.A.
154
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00290
 		2-methoxy-4- methyl-pent-4- enoic acid 2.21 Methoxy-acetic acid + 2-Methyl- prop-2-en-1-ol 144 143 (M − H)
155
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00291
 		4-cyclopropyl-2- methyl-4-oxo- butanoic acid 2.23 cyclopropanecar- bonyl chloride + 2,2-Dimethyl- [1,3]dioxane-4,6- dione 156 155 (M − H)
156
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00292
 		3-[4- (methoxymethyl)- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]-2-methyl- propanoic acid G Int 157 230 231
157
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00293
 		tert-butyl 3-[4- (methoxymethyl)- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]-2-methyl- propanoate F Int 158 286 309 (M + Na)
158
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00294
 		tert-butyl 5- methoxy-2- methyl-4-oxo- pentanoate C1 Methoxy-acetic acid + 2,2- Dimethyl- [1,3]dioxane-4,6- dione 216 239 (M + Na)
159
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00295
 		3-[2,5-dioxo-4-(2- pyridyl)imidazolidin- 4-yl]-2- methyl-propanoic acid G Int 160 263 264
160
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00296
 		tert-butyl 3-[2,5- dioxo-4-(2- pyridyl)imidazolidin- 4-yl]-2- methyl- propanoate F Int 161 319 320
161
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00297
 		tert-butyl 2- methyl-4-oxo-4- (2- pyridyl)butanoate C1 step ii + step iii 3-Oxo-3-pyridin- 2-yl-propionic acid benzyl ester + Bromo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 249 272 (M + Na)
162
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00298
 		3-(4-cyclopropyl- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid 2.22 Int 110 212 211 (M − H)
163
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00299
 		3-[(4S)-4- cyclopropyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid 2.22 Int 162 212 N.A.
164
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00300
 		3-(4-cyclopropyl- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)-2-methyl- propanoic acid C3 + F + G Int 155 226 225 (M − H)
165
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00301
 		2-methyl-3-(4- methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid G Int 289 200 201
166
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00302
 		3-[4-(6-methyl-2- pyridyl)-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid G Int 167 263 264
167
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00303
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-(6- methyl-2- pyridyl)-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoate F Int 168 319 320
168
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00304
 		tert-butyl 4-(6- methyl-2- pyridyl)-4-oxo- butanoate C4 6-Methyl- pyridine-2- carbaldehyde + Acrylic acid tert- butyl ester 249 250
169
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00305
 		3-(4-ethyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)-2-methyl- propanoic acid G Int 170 214 215
170
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00306
 		tert-butyl 3-(4- ethyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)-2-methyl- propanoate F Int 171 270 271
171
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00307
 		tert-butyl 2- methyl-4-oxo- hexanoate C3 2-Methyl-4-oxo- hexanoic acid [ref J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 7983-7989] 200 N.A.
172
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00308
 		3-[(4R)-4-methyl- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid 2.24 3-(4-Methyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid 186 373 (2M + H)
173
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00309
 		5-(tert- butoxycarbonyl- amino)-4-oxo- pentanoic acid 2.25 5-Amino-4-oxo- pentanoic acid 231 N.A.
174
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00310
 		3-[4-(6-methyl-3- pyridyl)-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid G Int 175 263 264
175
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00311
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-(6- methyl-3- pyridyl)-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoate F Int 176 319 320
176
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00312
 		tert-butyl 4-(6- methyl-3- pyridyl)-4-oxo- butanoate D2c 6-Methyl- pyridine-3- carbaldehyde + Acrylic acid tert- butyl ester 249 250
177
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00313
 		5-methoxy-4-oxo- pentanoic acid 2.26 pent-4-ynoic acid 146 N.A.
178
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00314
 		5- (dimethylamino)- 4-oxo-pentanoic acid D6 levulinic acid + dimethylamine 159 N.A.
179
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00315
 		3-[4-(1- methylimidazol- 4-yl)-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid G Int 180 252 253
180
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00316
 		tert-butyl 3-[4-(1- methylimidazol- 4-yl)-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoate F Int 181 308 309
181
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00317
 		tert-butyl 4-(1- methylimidazol- 4-yl)-4-oxo- butanoate C4 1-Methyl-1H- imidazole-4- carbaldehyde + Acrylic acid tert- butyl ester 238 239
182
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00318
 		3-(2,5-dioxo-4- pyrimidin-5-yl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoic acid G Int 183 250 N.A.
183
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00319
 		tert-butyl 3-(2,5- dioxo-4- pyrimidin-5-yl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propanoate F Int 184 306 307
184
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00320
 		tert-butyl 4-oxo- 4-pyrimidin-5-yl- butanoate C2 1-Pyrimidin- 5-yl-ethanone + Bromo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 236 237
185
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00321
 		5-(2- methoxyethoxy)- 2-methyl-4-oxo- pentanoic acid 2.27 (2-methoxy- ethoxy)-acetic acid 204 203 (M − H)
186
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00322
 		2-methyl-3-[4- (morpholinomethyl)- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoic acid G Int 187 285 N.A.
187
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00323
 		tert-butyl 2- methyl-3-[4- (morpholinomethyl)- 2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]propanoate F Int 188 341 342
188
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00324
 		tert-butyl 2- methyl-5- morpholino-4- oxo-pentanoate C5 Int 148 + morpholine 271 N.A.
189
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00325
 		4-[4-(2- dimethylaminoethyloxy) phenyl]-4- oxo-butanoic acid 2.28 4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)-4-oxo- butyric acid + 2- dimethylamino- ethanol 265 266
190
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00326
 		2-ethyl-4-oxo- pentanoic acid D5 propionaldehyde 144 N.A.
191
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00327
 		6-(tert- butoxycarbonyl- amino)-2-methyl- 4-oxo-hexanoic acid 2.29 3-tert- butoxycarbonyl- amino-propionic acid + Meldrum's acid 259 260
192
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00328
 		2-chloro-N,N- dimethyl-5-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]aniline A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + Int 285 254 254
193
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00329
 		2-chloro-N- methyl-5-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]aniline A2a + A5e (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + Int 286 240 240
194
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00330
 		1-(m-tolyl) piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-bromo toluene 176 177
195
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00331
 		(2S)-1-(2,5- dimethylphenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 2-bromo-1,4- dimethyl benzene 204 205
196
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00332
 		1-(3-chloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 1- Bromo-3-chloro- 2-methyl-benzene 211 211
197
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00333
 		(2S)-1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3,5- dichloro-benzene 245  245- 247
198
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00334
 		(2S)-1-(3-chloro- 4-fluoro-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-2- chloro-1-fluoro- benzene 229 229
199
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00335
 		(2S)-1-(3,4- difluorophenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-1,2- difluoro-benzene 212 214
200
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00336
 		(2S)-1-(3- chlorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3- chloro-benzene 211 211
201
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00337
 		(2S)-1-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1,2-Dichloro-4- iodo-benzene 245 245
202
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00338
 		(2S)-1-(3- fluorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3- fluoro-benzene 194 195
203
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00339
 		1-(4-chloro-3,5- difluoro- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 5- Bromo-2-chloro- 1,3-difluoro- benzene 233 233
204
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00340
 		1-(5-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 4- Fluoro-2-bromo- 1-methyl-benzene 194 195
205
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00341
 		(2S)-1-(4- chlorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-4- chloro-benzene 211 211
206
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00342
 		(2S)-1-(3-chloro- 5-fluoro-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3- chloro-5-fluoro- benzene 229  229- 231
207
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00343
 		(2S)-1-(3,5- difluorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3,5- difluoro-benzene 212 213
208
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00344
 		(2S)-1-(5-fluoro- 2-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 2-Bromo- 4-fluoro-1- methyl-benzene 208 N.A.
209
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00345
 		(2S)-1-(4- fluorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-4- fluoro-benzene 194 195
210
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00346
 		(2S)-1-(4-fluoro- 3-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo- 1-fluoro-2- methyl-benzene 208 209
211
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00347
 		(2S)-1-(3,5- dichloro-2- methyl-phenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo- 3,5-dichloro-2- methyl-benzene 259 261
212
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00348
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- phenyl-piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + Bromo- benzene 176 177
213
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00349
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3-fluoro-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo- 1-chloro-2- fluoro-benzene 229 229
214
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00350
 		(2S)-1-(5-fluoro- 3-pyridyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-5- fluoro-pyridine 195 196
215
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00351
 		(2S)-1-(5-chloro- 3-pyridyl)-2- methyl piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-5- chloro-pyridine 212 212
216
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00352
 		(2S)-1-(3-chloro- 2-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3- chloro-2-methyl- benzene 225 225
217
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00353
 		1-(5-fluoro-2- methyl-phenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5b 3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 2-Bromo-4- fluoro-1-methyl- benzene 208 209
218
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00354
 		1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a 3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3,5- dichloro-benzene 245  245- 247
219
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00355
 		(2R)-2-methyl-1- phenyl-piperazine A2a + A5b (R)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + Bromo-benzene 176 177
220
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00356
 		1-(4- chlorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5b 3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-4- chloro-benzene 211 211
221
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00357
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- (3- pyridyl)piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo- pyridine 177 178
222
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00358
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- (5-methyl-3- pyridyl)piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-5- methyl-pyridine 191 N.A.
223
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00359
 		5-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyridine-3- carbonitrile A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-Bromo- nicotinonitrile 202 203
224
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00360
 		(2S)-1-(3-fluoro- 4-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-2- fluoro-1-methyl- benzene 208 209
225
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00361
 		(2S)-1-(3-chloro- 4-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-2- chloro-1-methyl- benzene 225  225- 227
226
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00362
 		4-chloro-2-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyrimidine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 2,4-Dichloro- pyrimidine 213 213
227
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00363
 		3-chloro-6-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyridazine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3,6-Dichloro- pyridazine 213 213
228
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00364
 		2-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyrazine A2c + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 2-Chloro- pyrazine 178 179
229
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00365
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 2-pyridyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2b + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 2,4-Dichloro- pyridine 212 N.A.
230
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00366
 		1-methyl-4-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]indazole A2d + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-1- methyl-1H- indazole 230 231
231
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00367
 		1-methyl-6-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyrrolo[3,2- b]pyridine A2d + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 6-Bromo-1- methyl-1H- pyrrolo[3,2- b]pyridine 230 231
232
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00368
 		(2S)-1-[3-fluoro- 5-(1H-pyrazol-4- yl)phenyl]-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A3 + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1,3-Dibromo-5- fluoro-benzene 260 261
233
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00369
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- [3-(1H-pyrazol-4- yl)phenyl]piperazine A2a + A3 + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1,3-Dibromo- benzene 242 243
234
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00370
 		(2S)-1-[4-fluoro- 3-(1H-pyrazol-4- yl)phenyl]-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A3 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-2- chloro-1-fluoro- benzene 260 261
235
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00371
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- (3- nitrophenyl) piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3-nitro- benzene 221 222
236
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00372
 		1-(3,5- difluorophenyl) piperazine A2a + A5b Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3,5- difluoro-benzene 198 199
237
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00373
 		5-methyl-3-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-1,2,4- oxadiazole 2.13 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + BrCN 182 N.A.
238
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00374
 		3-methyl-5-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-1,2,4- oxadiazole 2.30 (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + BrCN 182 183
239
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00375
 		1-methyl-6-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]indazole A2d + A5c (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 6- Bromo-1-methyl- 1H-indazole 230 231
240
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00376
 		1-(3- fluorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a 3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 1- Bromo-3-fluoro- benzene 194 195
241
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00377
 		1-(3- chlorophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a 3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 1- Bromo-3-fluoro- benzene 211  211- 213
242
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00378
 		1-(3,5-dichloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 1- Bromo-3,5- dichloro-2- methyl-benzene 245  245- 247
243
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00379
 		(2S,6R)-1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 2,6-dimethyl- piperazine A1 + A2a + A5a cis-2,6-Dimethyl- piperazine + 3,5- dichloro- bromobenzene 259  259- 261
244
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00380
 		(2S)-1-(3- bromophenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1,3-Dibromo- benzene 255  255- 257
245
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00381
 		(2S,6S)-1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 2,6-dimethyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (3S,5S)-3,5- Dimethyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3,5- dichloro-benzene 259  259- 261
246
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00382
 		1-(benzofuran-5- yl)piperazine A2e + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-Bromo- benzofuran 202 N.A.
247
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00383
 		5-piperazin-1-yl- 1,3-benzothiazole A2e + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-Bromo- benzothiazole 219 N.A.
248
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00384
 		5-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]pyrimidine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-Bromo- pyrimidine 178 N.A.
249
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00385
 		(2S)-1- (benzofuran-7- yl)-2-methyl- piperazine A2f + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 7-Bromo- benzofuran 216 217
250
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00386
 		3-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]quinoline A2f + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo- quinoline 227 228
251
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00387
 		1-methyl-5-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]indole A2b + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-Bromo-1- methyl-1H-indole 229 230
252
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00388
 		1-methyl-6-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]indole A2d + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 6-Bromo-1- methyl-1H-indole 229 230
253
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00389
 		6-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-1,3- benzothiazole A2d + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 6-Bromo- benzothiazole 233 234
254
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00390
 		1-methyl-4-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]indole A2d + A5c (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-Bromo-1- methyl-1H-indole 229 230
255
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00391
 		3-fluoro-5-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]benzonitrile A2e + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-5- fluoro- benzonitrile 219 220
256
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00392
 		(2S)-2-methyl-1- (1-methylpyrazol- 3-yl)piperazine A2g + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-1- methyl-1H- pyrazole 180 181
257
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00393
 		5-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-1H-indole A6 5-Bromo-1H- indole 215 216
258
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00394
 		5-[(2S)-2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-1H-indazole A6 5-Bromo-1H- indazole 216 N.A.
259
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00395
 		1-methyl-5-[(2S)- 2-methylpiperazin- 1-yl] indazole A2d + A5c (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 5- Bromo-1-methyl- 1H-indazole 230 231
260
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00396
 		4-chloro-6-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl] pyrimidine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 4,6- Dichloro- pyrimidine 213 213
261
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00397
 		(2S)-1-(4,6- dichloro-2- pyridyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 2,4,6-Trichloro- pyridine 246 246
262
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00398
 		(2S)-1-(2,6- dichloro-4- pyridyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 2,4,6-Trichloro- pyridine 246 246
263
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00399
 		3-chloro-5-[(2S)-2- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl] pyridazine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3,5-Dichloro- pyridazine 213 213
264
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00400
 		2-chloro-4-[(2S)- 2- methylpiperazin- 1-yl] pyrimidine A4 + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 2,4- Dichloro- pyrimidine 213 213
265
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00401
 		N,N-dimethyl-2- piperazin-1-yl- aniline A7 piperazine + (2- Bromo-phenyl)- dimethyl-amine 205 N.A.
266
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00402
 		1-(3-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 piperazine + 1- Bromo-3-fluoro- 2-methyl-benzene 194 195
267
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00403
 		1-(4-fluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 piperazine + 1- Bromo-4-fluoro- 2-methyl-benzene 194 195
268
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00404
 		1-(5-fluoro-3- pyridyl)piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3-Bromo-5- fluoro-pyridine 181 N.A.
269
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00405
 		1-(5-chloro-3- pyridyl)piperazine A8 piperazine + 3- Chloro-5-fluoro- pyridine 198  198- 200
270
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00406
 		1-(5-bromo-3- pyridyl)piperazine A8 piperazine + 3- Bromo-5-fluoro- pyridine 242  242- 244
271
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00407
 		1-(3-chloro-5- fluoro- phenyl)piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-Bromo-3- chloro-5-fluoro- benzene 215  215- 217
272
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00408
 		1-(4-chloro-5- fluoro-2-methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 1- Bromo-4-chloro- 5-fluoro-2- methyl-benzene 229  229- 231
273
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00409
 		1-(4,5-difluoro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A7 Piperazine + 1- Bromo-4,5- difluoro-2- methyl-benzene 212 213
274
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00410
 		3-piperazin-1- ylbenzonitrile A8 Piperazine + 3- Fluoro- benzonitrile 187 N.A.
275
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00411
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 5-fluoro-2- methyl-phenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-bromo-2- methyl-4-chloro- 5-fluoro benzene 243 N.A.
276
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00412
 		(2R)-1-(3,5- difluorophenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-bromo-3,5- difluoro benzene 212 213
277
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00413
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3,5-difluoro- phenyl)-2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 1- bromo-3,5- difluoro-4- chlorobenzene 247 N.A.
278
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00414
 		1-(4-chloro-3,5- dimethyl- phenyl)piperazine A2a + A5b Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-bromo-2- chloro-1,4- dimethyl benzene 225  225- 227
279
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00415
 		1-(4,5-dichloro-2- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3,4-dichloro-6- bromotoluene 245 N.A
280
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00416
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3,5-dimethyl- phenyl)-2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-bromo-2- chloro-1,3- dimethyl benzene 239 239
281
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00417
 		(2S)-1-(4,5- dichloro-2- methyl-phenyl)-2- methyl-piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 3,4-dichloro-6- bromotoluene 259 N.A.
282
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00418
 		1-(4-chloro-2- fluoro-5-methyl- phenyl) piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert- butyl ester + 1- Bromo-4-chloro- 2-fluoro-5- methylbenzene 229 N.A.
283
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00419
 		1-(3-chloro-5- fluoro-2-methyl- phenyl)piperazine A2a + A5c Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + Int 287 229 N.A.
284
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00420
 		1-(4-chloro-3- methyl- phenyl)piperazine A2a + A5a Piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-bromo-2-chloro toluene 211  211- 213
285
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00421
 		5-bromo-2- chloro-N,N- dimethyl-aniline 2.31 1-bromo-4- chloro-3-fluoro- benzene 235  234- 236
286
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00422
 		N-(5-bromo-2- chloro-phenyl)-N- methyl-acetamide 2.32 3-bromo-6- chloroaniline 263  262- 264
287
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00423
 		1-bromo-3- chloro-5-fluoro-2- methyl-benzene 2.33 2-chloro-4- fluorotoluene 223 N.A.
288
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00424
 		2-Methyl-4-oxo- pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester C1 step ii + step iii 3-Oxo-butyric acid benzyl ester 186 N.A.
289
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00425
 		2-Methyl-3-(4- methyl-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl)- propionic acid tert-butyl ester F Int 288 256 N.A.
290
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00426
 		4-Cyclo- propyl-4-oxo- butyric acid tert- butyl ester 2.34 1- cyclopropylethanone 198 N.A.
291
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00427
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 392  392- 394
292
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00428
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-pentane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 001 + acetaldehyde 343  343- 345
293
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00429
 		5-benzyloxy-1-[4- (3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methyl-pentane- 1,4-dione D2b Int 001 + Benzyloxy- acetaldehyde 449  449- 451
294
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00430
 		2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1- yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 Int 138 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 449  449- 451
295
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00431
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- (methoxymethyl) pentane-1,4-dione E Int 121 + Bromo- methoxy-methane 373  373- 375
296
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00432
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- isopropyl-pentane- 1,4-dione E Int 121 + 2- Chloro-propane 371  371- 373
297
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00433
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-4- methyl-pent-4-en- 1-one H3 Int 154 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine 357  357- 359
298
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00434
 		1-[4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-pentane- 1,4-dione D4 Int 297 359  359- 361
299
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00435
 		5-[2- (benzyloxymethyl)- 3-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-3- oxo-propyl]-5- methyl- imidazolidine- 2,4-dione H2 Int 135 + Int 198 517 N.A.
300
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00436
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (6-methyl-2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione D2a Int 006 + 6- Methyl-pyridine- 2-carbaldehyde 404  404- 406
301
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00437
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 levulinic acid + Int 198 327
302
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00438
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- (methoxymethyl) pentane-1,4-dione E Int 301 + Bromo- methoxy-methane 371  371- 373
303
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00439
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-4- methyl-pent-4-en- 1-one H3 Int 154 + Int 198 355  355- 357
304
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00440
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- methoxy-pentane- 1,4-dione D4 Int 303 357 N.A.
305
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00441
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1- yl]pentane-1,4- dione H2 levulinic acid + Int 206 327  327- 329
306
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00442
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-5-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-2- (methoxymethyl) pentane-1,4-dione E Int 305 + Bromo- methoxy-methane 371  371- 373
307
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00443
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3- chloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 198 390  390- 392
308
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00444
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- (2- pyridyl)butane- 1,4-dione H3 4-oxo-4-pyridin- 2ylbutyric acid + Int 197 406  406- 408
309
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00445
 		1-[(3S)-4-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-4- oxazol-4-yl- butane-1,4-dione D2a Int 008 + Oxazole-4- carbaldehyde 396  396- 398
310
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00446
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3-isopropyl- phenyl)-2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-bromo-3- isopropyl-4- chlorobenzene 253 253
311
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00447
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3-methyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 5-bromo-2-chloro- toluene 225  225- 227
312
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00448
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3-ethyl-phenyl)- 2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-bromo-3-ethyl- 4-chloro benzene 239 239
313
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00449
 		tert-butyl 6-[(3S)- 4-(4-chloro-3- ethyl-phenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-3,6-dioxo- hexanoate H2 Int 129 + Int 312 437  437- 439
314
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00450
 		(2S)-1-[4-chloro-3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-bromo-1- chloro-2- trifluoromethyl benzene 279 279
315
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00451
 		tert-butyl 2-[4-[3- [(3S)-4-(4-chloro- 3-ethyl-phenyl)- 3-methyl- piperazin-1-yl]-3- oxo-propyl]-2,5- dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl]acetate F Int 313 507  507- 509
316
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00452
 		(2S)-1-[4-chloro- 3- (difluoromethyl) phenyl]-2-methyl- piperazine A2a + A5a (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-bromo-1- chloro-2- (difluoromethyl) benzene (CAS 627527-07-5) 261  261- 263
317
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00453
 		tert-butyl 7-[(3S)- 4-(4-chloro-3- ethyl-phenyl)-3- methyl-piperazin- 1-yl]-4,7-dioxo- heptanoate 2.36 1,6- dioxaspiro[4.4] nonane-2,7-dione + Int 313 451  451- 453
318
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00454
 		4-bromo-1- chloro-2- (fluoromethyl) benzene 2.37 5-bromo-2- chloro- benzaldehyde 223 N.A
319
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00455
 		(2S)-1-[4-chloro- 3- (fluoromethyl) phenyl]-2-methyl- piperazine A2A + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 4-bromo-1- chloro-2- (fluoromethyl) benzene Int 318 243 243
320
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00456
 		(2S)-1-(4-chloro- 3,5-difluoro- phenyl)-2-methyl- piperazine A2A + A5b (S)-3-Methyl- piperazine-1- carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester + 1-bromo-3,5- difluoro-4- chlorobenzene 247 N.A.

Table III. Illustrative Compounds of the Invention
trans:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00457
Cpd Structure MW Ms'd Mtd SM
001
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00458
 		330 331 H5 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-Phenyl-piperazine
002
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00459
 		365 365 H5 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-Chloro-phenyl)- piperazine
003
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00460
 		365 365- 367 H5 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine
004
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00461
 		392 393 H5 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-Phenyl-piperazine
005
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00462
 		427 427- 429 H5 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-Chloro-phenyl)- piperazine
006
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00463
 		427 427- 429 H3 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine
007
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00464
 		406 407 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(o-tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride
008
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00465
 		421 421 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2,3-Dimethylphenyl) piperazine
009
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00466
 		443 443 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(2-naphthyl) piperazine dihydrochloride
010
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00467
 		445 445 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(4-Chloro-3- fluorophenyl) piperazine
011
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00468
 		358 359 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2,3-Dimethyl phenyl)piperazine
012
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00469
 		344 345 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(o-tolyl)piperazine dihydrochloride
013
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00470
 		441 441- 443 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-chloro-2- methylphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride
014
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00471
 		444 444 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 6-(1-piperazinyl)- isoquinoline hydrochloride
015
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00472
 		444 444 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 2-piperazin-1-yl- quinoline
016
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00473
 		379 379- 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2-methyl- phenyl)piperazine
017
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00474
 		379 379- 381 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5- dioxo-imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-chloro-2-methyl phenyl)piperazine hydrochloride
018
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00475
 		379 379- 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(3-chloro-2-methyl- phenyl)-piperazine
019
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00476
 		365 365 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2-chlorophenyl) piperazine hydrochloride
020
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00477
 		427 427 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2-chlorophenyl) piperazine hydrochloride
021
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00478
 		441 441- 443 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 196
022
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00479
 		421 421 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(2,6-Dimethyl phenyl)piperazine
023
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00480
 		451 452 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-methyl-4-nitro phenyl)piperazine
024
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00481
 		441 441- 443 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2-methyl phenyl)-piperazine
025
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00482
 		432 433 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 246
026
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00483
 		450 450 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 247
027
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00484
 		406 407 2.9 Cpd 007
028
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00485
 		409 409- 411 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-bromophenyl) piperazine
029
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00486
 		355 356 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2-cyanophenyl) piperazine
030
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00487
 		348 349 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2-fluorophenyl) piperazine
031
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00488
 		421 421 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl) piperazine
032
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00489
 		372 373 F Int 029
033
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00490
 		407 407- 409 F Int 030
034
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00491
 		391 391- 393 F Int 031
035
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00492
 		370 371 F Int 032
036
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00493
 		405 405- 407 F Int 033
037
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00494
 		366 367 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl) piperazine
038
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00495
 		358 359 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2,4-Dimethyl phenyl)piperazine
039
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00496
 		358 359 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(2,5-Dimethyl phenyl)piperazine
040
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00497
 		399 399- 401 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
041
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00498
 		399 399- 401 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2,3-dichloro phenyl)-piperazine
042
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00499
 		331 332 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(2-pyridyl) piperazine
043
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00500
 		331 332 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo-i midazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-Pyridin-3-yl- piperazine
044
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00501
 		422 422- 424 F Int 109
045
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00502
 		393 394 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid 1-Pyridin-3-yl- piperazine
046
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00503
 		442 442- 44 F Int 025
047
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00504
 		348 349 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-fluorophenyl) piperazine
048
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00505
 		409 409- 411 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-bromophenyl) piperazine
049
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00506
 		383 383- 385 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(4-Chloro-3- fluorophenyl) piperazine
050
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00507
 		373 375 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 265
051
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00508
 		362 363 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 204
052
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00509
 		383 383- 385 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-Chloro-4-fluoro phenyl)piperazine dihydrochloride
053
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00510
 		393 393- 395 F Int 074
054
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00511
 		427 427- 429 F Int 075
055
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00512
 		425 425- 427 F Int 045
056
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00513
 		428 428- 430 F Int 026
057
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00514
 		384 385 F Int 082
058
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00515
 		456 456- 458 F Int 086
059
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00516
 		337 338 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-Thiazol-2-yl- piperazine
060
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00517
 		362 363 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 266
061
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00518
 		362 363 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 267
062
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00519
 		406 407 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 2-Methyl-1-phenyl piperazine
063
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00520
 		344 345 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 2-Methyl-1-phenyl piperazine
064
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00521
 		407 408 F Int 027
065
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00522
 		442 442- 444 F Int 028
066
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00523
 		348 349 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + 1-(4-fluorophenyl) piperazine
067
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00524
 		399 399- 401 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3,4-dichloro phenyl)piperazine hydrochloride
068
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00525
 		393 394 H1 Int 132 + 1-Phenyl-piperazine
069
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00526
 		422 422 H1 Int 132 + 1-(2,3-Dimethyl- phenyl)- piperazine
070
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00527
 		405 405- 407 F Int 034
071
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00528
 		419 419- 421 F Int 035
072
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00529
 		433 433- 435 F Int 111
073
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00530
 		447 393 F Int 080
074
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00531
 		461 461- 463 H1 3-[4-(4-Chloro-phenyl)- 2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4- yl]propionic acid + 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine
075
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00532
 		475 475- 477 H1 3-[4-(4-Chloro-phenyl)- 2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4- yl]-propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)-piperazine
076
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00533
 		441 441- 443 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-p- tolyl-imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + 1-(3-chloro phenyl)piperazine
077
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00534
 		455 455 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-p- tolyl-imidazolidin-4-yl)- propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine
078
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00535
 		457 457 H1 3-[4-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)- 2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4- yl]-propionic acid + 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine
079
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00536
 		471 471- 473 H1 3-[4-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)- 2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4- yl]-propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)-piperazine
080
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00537
 		514 514 F Int 088
081
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00538
 		494 494 F Int 089
082
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00539
 		464 464 F Int 087
083
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00540
 		484 484 F Int 090
084
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00541
 		349 350 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 268
085
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00542
 		366 366- 368 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 269
086
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00543
 		410 410- 412 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 270
087
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00544
 		422 422 F Int 076
088
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00545
 		422 422 H3 Int 132 + 1-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl) piperazine
089
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00546
 		384 386 F Int 077
090
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00547
 		429 430 H1 Int 132 + 1-(3,4-difluoro phenyl)piperazine
091
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00548
 		446 446- 448 H1 Int 132 + 1-(3-Chloro-4- fluorophenyl) piperazine dihydrochloride
092
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00549
 		425 426 H1 Int 132 + Int 204
093
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00550
 		397 397 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 272
094
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00551
 		380 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 273
095
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00552
 		429 430 F Int 083
096
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00553
 		446 446- 448 F Int 084
097
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00554
 		425 426 H3 Int 132 + 1-(3-fluoro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine
098
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00555
 		405 405- 407 F Int 036
099
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00556
 		388 389 F Int 037
100
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00557
 		425 426 F Int 038
101
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00558
 		422 422 F Int 039
102
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00559
 		442 442- 444 H3 Int 132 + 1-(3-chloro-2- methylphenyl)- piperazine
103
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00560
 		411 412 F Int 112
104
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00561
 		425 426 F Int 113
105
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00562
 		407 408 H3 Int 132 + 2-methyl-1- phenylpiperazine
106
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00563
 		370 371 H1 Int 162 + 2-methyl-1- phenylpiperazine
107
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00564
 		407 407 F Int 091
108
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00565
 		421 421 F Int 092
109
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00566
 		419 419 F Int 093
110
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00567
 		433 433 F Int 094
111
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00568
 		462 462- 464 H1 Int 132 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
112
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00569
 		411 412 H1 Int 132 + 1-(3-fluoro phenyl)piperazine
113
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00570
 		392 393 H1 Int 162 + 1-(3,4-difluoro phenyl)piperazine
114
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00571
 		409 409- 411 H1 Int 162 + 1-3-Chloro-4- fluorophenyl) piperazine dihydrochloride
115
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00572
 		374 375 H1 Int 162 + 1-(3-fluorophenyl) piperazine
116
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00573
 		388 389 H1 Int 162 + Int 204
117
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00574
 		383 383- 385 H3 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 271
118
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00575
 		408 408 F Int 013
119
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00576
 		387 388 F Int 015
120
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00577
 		422 422- 424 F Int 014
121
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00578
 		405 405- 407 F Int 040
122
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00579
 		379 379- 381 F Int 041
123
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00580
 		457 457- 459 F Int 042
124
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00581
 		505 505- 507 F Int 043
125
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00582
 		452 452- 454 F Int 044
126
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00583
 		442 442- 444 H1 Int 132 + Int 220
127
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00584
 		476 476- 478 H1 Int 132 + Int 218
128
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00585
 		370 371 H1 Int 162 + Int 219
129
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00586
 		402 403 H1 Int 162 + Int 217
130
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00587
 		439 439- 441 H1 Int 162 + Int 218
131
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00588
 		406 407 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4- phenylimidazolidin- 4-yl)propanoic acid + Int 219
132
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00589
 		491 491- 493 H1 3-[4-(5-Chloro-2- methoxy-phenyl)-2,5- dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]- propionic acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl)piperazine
133
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00590
 		505 505- 507 H1 3-[4-(5-Chloro-2- methoxy-phenyl)-2,5- dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]- propionic acid + 1-(5-chloro-2- methylphenyl)-piperazine
134
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00591
 		407 408 H1 Int 132 + Int 219
135
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00592
 		370 371 H1 Int 162 + Int 212
136
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00593
 		407 408 H1 Int 132 + Int 212
137
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00594
 		406 407 H1 3-(2,5-Dioxo-4-phenyl- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 212
138
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00595
 		356 357 H1 Int 162 + 1-Phenyl-piperazine
139
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00596
 		413 413- 415 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 242
140
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00597
 		366 367 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 236
141
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00598
 		441 441 F Int 095
142
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00599
 		439 439- 441 H1 Int 162 + Int 197
143
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00600
 		379 379- 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 205
144
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00601
 		413 413- 415 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 197
145
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00602
 		376 377 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 208
146
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00603
 		457 457- 459 F Int 078
147
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00604
 		405 405- 407 H1 Int 162 + Int 205
148
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00605
 		402 403 H1 Int 162 + Int 208
149
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00606
 		388 389 H1 Int 162 + Int 240
150
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00607
 		405 405- 407 H1 Int 162 + Int 241
151
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00608
 		388 389 H1 Int 162 + Int 202
152
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00609
 		405 405- 407 H1 Int 162 + Int 200
153
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00610
 		482 482 H1 3-[2,5-Dioxo-4-(2-oxo- 2,3-dihydro-1H-indo1-5- yl)-imidazolidin-4-yl]- propionic acid + 1-(3- chlorophenyl)piperazine
154
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00611
 		452 452 F Int 016
155
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00612
 		450 450 F Int 017
156
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00613
 		380 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 207
157
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00614
 		362 363 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 202
158
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00615
 		379 379- 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 200
159
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00616
 		399 399- 401 H1 Int 172 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)piperazine
160
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00617
 		406 407 H1 Int 162 + Int 207
161
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00618
 		406 407 H1 Int 162 + Int 199
162
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00619
 		423 423- 425 H1 Int 162 + Int 213
163
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00620
 		423 423- 425 H1 Int 162 + Int 198
164
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00621
 		397 397 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 213
165
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00622
 		380 381 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 199
166
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00623
 		397 397 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 198
167
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00624
 		439 439- 441 H1 Int 162 + Int 201
168
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00625
 		413 413- 415 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 201
169
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00626
 		423 423- 425 H1 Int 162+ Int 206
170
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00627
 		397 397- 399 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl)- propionic acid + Int 206
171
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00628
 		380 380 I2 Int 018
172
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00629
 		439 439- 441 F Int 046
173
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00630
 		425 425- 427 H1 Int 163 + 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) piperazine
174
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00631
 		402 403- 404 F Int 047
175
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00632
 		376 377 F Int 048
176
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00633
 		419 419- 421 F Int 101
177
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00634
 		453 453- 455 H1 Int 162 + Int 211
178
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00635
 		427 427- 429 H1 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 211
179
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00636
 		393 393- 395 F Int 102
180
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00637
 		414 414- 416 I2 Int 019
181
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00638
 		504 504- 506 I3 Cpd 180
182
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00639
 		457 457- 459 2.1 Cpd 188
183
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00640
 		443 443- 445 2.1 Cpd 188
184
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00641
 		470 470 I3 Cpd 171
185
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00642
 		385 386 H1 Int 162 + N-methyl-2- piperazin-1- ylaniline
186
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00643
 		429 429- 431 F Int 020
187
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00644
 		500 500- 502 H1 Cpd 183 + 2-Methoxy-ethylamine
188
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00645
 		499 499- 501 2.2 succininc anhydride + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
189
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00646
 		486 486- 488 2.3 Cpd 182 + 2-Amino-ethanol
190
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00647
 		402 403 F Int 049
191
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00648
 		420 421 H2 Int 164 + Int 199
192
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00649
 		437 437- 439 F Int 050
193
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00650
 		419 419- 421 F Int 051
194
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00651
 		437 437- 439 F Int 052
195
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00652
 		381 382 H1 Int 162 + Int 274
196
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00653
 		454 454- 456 I2 Int 096
197
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00654
 		473 473- 475 F Int 098
198
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00655
 		597 596- 598 F Int 099
199
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00656
 		483 483- 485 F Int 097
200
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00657
 		399 399- 401 F Int 055
201
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00658
 		441 441- 443 F Int 053
202
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00659
 		411 411 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 275
203
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00660
 		388 389 H2 Int 163 + Int 202
204
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00661
 		439 439- 441 H3 Int 163 + Int 197
205
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00662
 		406 407 H2 Int 163 + Int 199
206
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00663
 		455 455- 457 F Int 056
207
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00664
 		439 439- 441 H2 Int 163 + (S)-1-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-2-methyl- piperazine
208
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00665
 		496 796- 798 I2 Cpd 198
209
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00666
 		399 400 H1 Int 162 + N,N-dimethyl-3- piperazine-1-yl aniline trihydrochloride
210
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00667
 		442 442- 444 I2 Int 100
211
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00668
 		380 381 H2 Int 165 + 1-(3,4-difluoro phenyl)piperazine
212
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00669
 		420 421 2.10 Cpd 191
213
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00670
 		394 395 H2 Int 165 + Int 207
214
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00671
 		393 393- 395 H2 Int 165 + Int 200
215
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00672
 		376 377 H2 Int 165 + Int 202
216
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00673
 		390 391 H2 Int 165 + Int 208
217
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00674
 		358 359 H2 Int 165 + Int 212
218
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00675
 		505 505- 507 2.4 Cpd 197
219
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00676
 		399 399- 401 H2 Int 151 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
220
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00677
 		429 429- 431 H2 + F + I4 Int 138 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
221
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00678
 		501 501- 503 F Int 063
222
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00679
 		443 443- 445 H2 Int 156 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine
223
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00680
 		456 456- 458 I1 Cpd 180
224
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00681
 		410 411 H2 Int 156 + 1-(3,4-difluoro phenyl)piperazine
225
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00682
 		424 425 H2 Int 156 + Int 207
226
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00683
 		424 425 H2 Int 156 + Int 199
227
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00684
 		471 471 H2 Int 156 + Int 211
228
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00685
 		420 421 H2 Int 156 + Int 208
229
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00686
 		406 407 H2 Int 156 + Int 202
230
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00687
 		406 407 H2 Int 156 + Int 204
231
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00688
 		476 476- 478 H2 Int 159 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
232
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00689
 		437 437- 439 H2 Int 156 + Int 216
233
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00690
 		423 423- 425 H2 Int 156 + Int 200
234
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00691
 		522 522 F Int 067
235
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00692
 		510 510 F Int 069
236
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00693
 		427 427- 429 F Int 061
237
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00694
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 165 + Int 216
238
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00695
 		507 507- 509 F Int 064
239
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00696
 		536 536 F Int 068
240
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00697
 		421 422 I2 Cpd 234
241
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00698
 		409 410 I2 Cpd 235
242
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00699
 		498 498- 500 H2 Int 186 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl)piperazine
243
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00700
 		441 441 H2 Int 165 + Int 243
244
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00701
 		471 471 H2 Int 156 + Int 243
245
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00702
 		474 474 H2 Int 159 + Int 198
246
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00703
 		512 512- 514 H2 Int 186 + Int 197
247
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00704
 		435 436 I2 Cpd 239
248
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00705
 		463 464 I1 Cpd 240
249
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00706
 		478 478 I1 Cpd 247
250
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00707
 		413 412- 414- 416 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 279
251
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00708
 		380 381 H2 Int 151 + Int 199
252
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00709
 		518 518- 520 H2 Int 145 + 1-(3,5-dichloro phenyl) piperazine
253
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00710
 		516 516- 518 H2 Int 145 + Int 198
254
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00711
 		438 438- 440 F Int 065
255
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00712
 		406 407 2.5 Int 163 + Int 207
256
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00713
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 162 + Int 260
257
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00714
 		440 440- 442 H2 Int 162 + Int 261
258
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00715
 		440 440- 442 H2 Int 162 + Int 262
259
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00716
 		371 372 H2 Int 162 + Int 221
260
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00717
 		406 406- 408 H2 Int 162 + Int 215
261
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00718
 		389 390 H2 Int 162 + Int 214
262
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00719
 		427 426- 428- 430 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 281
263
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00720
 		439 440 H2 Int 159 + Int 202
264
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00721
 		457 458 H2 Int 159 + Int 199
265
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00722
 		411 411- 413 2.11 Cpd 405
266
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00723
 		390 391 H2 Int 169 + Int 202
267
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00724
 		397 397- 399 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 282
268
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00725
 		392 393 I4 Int 062
269
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00726
 		456 456- 458 H2 Int 159 + Int 200
270
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00727
 		449 449- 451 H2 Int 162 + Int 244
271
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00728
 		441 441 H2 Int 165 + Int 245
272
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00729
 		471 471 H2 Int 156 + Int 245
273
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00730
 		448 449 I6 Cpd 270 + Pyridine-3-boronic acid
274
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00731
 		409 410 H2 Int 162 + Int 257
275
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00732
 		359 360 H2 Int 165 + Int 221
276
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00733
 		394 394- 936 H2 Int 165 + Int 215
277
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00734
 		377 378 H2 Int 165 + Int 214
278
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00735
 		357 358 H2 Int 162 + 1-(4-pyridyl) piperazine
279
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00736
 		445 445- 447 H2 Int 156 + Int 203
280
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00737
 		410 411 H1 Int 162 + Int 249
281
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00738
 		448 449 I6 Cpd 270 + Pyridine-4-boronic acid
282
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00739
 		437 437 I6 Cpd 270 + Pyrazole-4-boronic acid
283
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00740
 		451 451 I6 Cpd 270 + 1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole- 4-boronic acid
284
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00741
 		407 407- 409 H1 Int 162 + Int 226
285
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00742
 		407 407- 409 H1 Int 162 + Int 227
286
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00743
 		372 373 H1 Int 162 + Int 228
287
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00744
 		474 474- 476 F Int 059
288
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00745
 		460 460- 462 F Int 060
289
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00746
 		422 422 H1 Int 162 + Int 250
290
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00747
 		424 425 H1 Int 162 + Int 251
291
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00748
 		424 425 H1 Int 162 + Int 252
292
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00749
 		406 407 F Int 066
293
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00750
 		397 397- 399 H4 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4- yl)propionic acid + Int 283
294
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00751
 		392 393 F Int 057
295
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00752
 		427 427- 429 F Int 058
296
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00753
 		410 411 H2 Int 162 + Int 258
297
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00754
 		425 425 H2 Int 162 + Int 259
298
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00755
 		402 403 H2 Int 162 + Int 210
299
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00756
 		402 403 H2 Int 162 + Int 224
300
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00757
 		388 389 H2 Int 162 + Int 209
301
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00758
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 162 + Int 264
302
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00759
 		372 373 2.35 Cpd 285
303
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00760
 		385 386 H2 Int 162 + Int 222
304
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00761
 		372 373 H2 Int 162 + Int 248
305
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00762
 		428 428 H1 Int 162 + Int 253
306
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00763
 		419 419- 421 H2 Int 162 + Int 225
307
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00764
 		474 474- 476 H1 Int 166 + Int 206
308
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00765
 		439 440 H1 Int 166 + Int 202
309
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00766
 		457 458 H1 Int 166 + Int 207
310
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00767
 		490 490- 492 H1 Int 166 + Int 197
311
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00768
 		456 456- 458 H1 Int 166 + Int 200
312
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00769
 		456 456- 458 H1 Int 166 + Int 205
313
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00770
 		403 404 H2 Int 164 + Int 214
314
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00771
 		420 420- 422 H2 Int 164 + Int 215
315
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00772
 		460 460- 462 H2 Int 132 + Int 213
316
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00773
 		460 460- 462 H2 Int 132 + Int 198
317
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00774
 		460 460- 462 H2 Int 132 + Int 206
318
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00775
 		476 476- 478 H2 Int 132 + Int 197
319
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00776
 		425 426 H2 Int 132 + Int 202
320
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00777
 		443 444 H2 Int 132 + Int 207
321
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00778
 		478 479 I6 Cpd 270 + 2-Methoxypyridine- 4-boronic acid
322
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00779
 		482 482- 484 I6 Cpd 270 + 5-Chloropyridine- 3-boronic acid
323
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00780
 		462 462 I6 Cpd 270 + 2-Methyl-3-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl- [1,3,2]dioxaborolan- 2-yl)-pyridine
324
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00781
 		462 462 I6 Cpd 270 + 2-methyl-5- pyridinylboronic acid
325
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00782
 		406 406- 408 H2 Int 162 + Int 229
326
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00783
 		461 461- 463 H2 Int 142 + Int 206
327
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00784
 		444 445 H2 Int 142 + Int 207
328
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00785
 		424 424 H1 Int 162 + Int 254
329
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00786
 		462 462 I6 Cpd 270 + 2-Methyl-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl- [1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- pyridine
330
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00787
 		396 397 H2 Int 162 + Int 223
331
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00788
 		441 441- 443 2.12 Cpd 406
332
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00789
 		444 445 H2 Int 182 + Int 207
333
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00790
 		425 425 H2 Int 162 + Int 230
334
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00791
 		413 414 H1 Int 162 + Int 255
335
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00792
 		511 512 F Int 072
336
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00793
 		473 474 F Int 070
337
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00794
 		425 425 H2 Int 162 + Int 231
338
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00795
 		455 455 H2 Int 162 + Int 232
339
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00796
 		451 451 H2 Int 164 + Int 233
340
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00797
 		455 455 H2 Int 162 + Int 234
341
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00798
 		425 425 H2 Int 162 + Int 239
342
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00799
 		399 400 H2 Int 164 + Int 222
343
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00800
 		402 403 H2 Int 164 + Int 209
344
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00801
 		376 377 H2 Int 162 + Int 237
345
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00802
 		425 426 F Int 103
346
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00803
 		460 460- 462 F Int 104
347
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00804
 		476 476- 478 F Int 105
348
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00805
 		443 444 F Int 106
349
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00806
 		461 461- 463 H2 Int 142+ Int 198
350
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00807
 		426 427 H2 Int 142 + Int 202
351
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00808
 		385 386 H2 Int 164 + Int 221
352
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00809
 		376 377 H2 Int 162 + Int 238
353
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00810
 		465 466 I6 Cpd 270 + 3,5-dimethylpyrazole- 4-boronic acid, pinacol ester
354
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00811
 		446 447 F Int 012
355
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00812
 		451 452 I6 Cpd 270 + 3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4- boronic acid pinacol ester
356
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00813
 		473 474 F Int 024
357
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00814
 		455 455 H2 Int 163 + Int 232
358
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00815
 		437 438 I6 Cpd 270 + 1H-pyrazole-3- boronic acid
359
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00816
 		408 408 H2 Int 169 + Int 215
360
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00817
 		391 392 H2 Int 169 + Int 214
361
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00818
 		446 447 F Int 108
362
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00819
 		433 434 F Int 107
363
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00820
 		424 424 H2 Int 156 + Int 215
364
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00821
 		407 408 H2 Int 156 + Int 214
365
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00822
 		376 377 H2 Int 165 + Int 209
366
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00823
 		406 407 H2 Int 156 + Int 209
367
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00824
 		457 458 F Int 073
368
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00825
 		451 451 I6 Cpd 270 + 1-Methyl-5-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl- [1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- 1H-pyrazole
369
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00826
 		466 466 I6 Cpd 270 + 3,5-Dimethyl-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl- [1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- isoxazole
370
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00827
 		479 479 I6 Cpd 270 + 1-Isopropyl-4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl- [1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)- 1H-pyrazole
371
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00828
 		425 425 H2 Int 165 + Int 233
372
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00829
 		449 449 I5 Cpd 270 + 2-Iodo-pyrazine
373
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00830
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 162 + Int 263
374
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00831
 		374 375 H1 Int 162 + Int 256
375
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00832
 		442 443 H4 Int 165 + Int 232
376
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00833
 		473 473 H4 Int 156 + Int 232
377
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00834
 		449 449 I5 Cpd 270 + 5-Bromo-pyrimidine
378
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00835
 		469 469 H4 Int 164 + Int 234
379
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00836
 		469 469 H4 Int 164 + Int 232
380
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00837
 		455 455 H4 Int 156 + Int 233
381
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00838
 		483 483 I5 Cpd 270 3-Chloro-6- iodo-pyridazine
382
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00839
 		444 445 H2 Int 139 + Int 207
383
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00840
 		474 474 H2 Int 174 + Int 206
384
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00841
 		490 490- 492 H2 Int 174 + Int 197
385
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00842
 		439 440 H2 Int 174 + Int 202
386
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00843
 		457 458 H2 Int 174 + Int 207
387
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00844
 		447 448 F Int 079
388
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00845
 		450 450- 452 F Int 085
389
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00846
 		463 463- 465 H1 Int 179 + Int 206
390
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00847
 		379 379- 381 H2 Int 172 + Int 284
391
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00848
 		422 422- 424 H2 Int 172 + Int 192
392
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00849
 		408 408- 410 H2 Int 172 + Int 193
393
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00850
 		344 345 H2 Int 172 + Int 194
394
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00851
 		446 447 F Int 022
395
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00852
 		447 448 F Int 023
396
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00853
 		461 462 F Int 115
397
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00854
 		446 447 F Int 114
398
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00855
 		372 373 H2 Int 172 + Int 195
399
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00856
 		450 450 2.7 Cpd 247
400
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00857
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 172 + Int 280
401
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00858
 		393 393- 395 H2 Int 172 + Int 278
402
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00859
 		466 466- 468 2.8 Int 116
403
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00860
 		406 407 H1 Int 163 + Int 276
404
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00861
 		429 429 H2 Int 165 + Int 277
405
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00862
 		410 411 H2 Int 165 + Int 229
406
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00863
 		441 441- 443 H2 Int 156 + Int 229
407
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00864
 		462 462- 464 F Int 291
408
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00865
 		439 439- 441 H1 Int 162 + Int 201
409
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00866
 		439 439.38- 441.37 F Int 046
410
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00867
 		413 413.36- 415.36 F Int 292
411
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00868
 		437 437- 439 F Int 050
412
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00869
 		419 419.45- 421.42 F Int 051
413
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00870
 		437 437- 439 F Int 052
414
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00871
 		413 413- 415 H1 Int 172 + Int 201
415
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00872
 		519 519- 521 F Int 293
416
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00873
 		439 439- 441 H2 Int 163 + Int 201
417
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00874
 		429 429- 431 I4 Cpd 415
418
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00875
 		411 411- 413 H2 Int 165 + Int 206
419
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00876
 		427 427- 429 H2 Int 165 + Int 201
420
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00877
 		427 427- 429 H2 Int 165 + Int 197
421
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00878
 		394 395 H2 Int 165 + Int 199
422
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00879
 		411 411- 413 H2 Int 165 + Int 198
423
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00880
 		441 441- 443 H2 Int 165 + Int 211
424
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00881
 		519 519- 521 F Int 294
425
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00882
 		429 429- 431 I4 Cpd 424
426
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00883
 		501 501- 503 F Int 063
427
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00884
 		443 443- 445 H2 Int 156 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine
428
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00885
 		410 411 H2 Int 156 + 1-(3,4- difluorophenyl) piperazine
429
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00886
 		457 457- 459 H2 Int 156 + Int 197
430
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00887
 		471 471 H2 Int 156 + Int 211
431
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00888
 		441 441- 443 H2 Int 156 + Int 206
432
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00889
 		441 441- 443 H2 Int 156 + Int 198
433
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00890
 		423 423- 425 H2 Int 156 + Int 196
434
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00891
 		476 476- 478 H2 Int 159 + 1-(3,5- dichlorophenyl) piperazine
435
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00892
 		427 427- 429 F Int 061
436
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00893
 		443 443- 445 F Int 295
437
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00894
 		474 474 H2 Int 159 + Int 198
438
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00895
 		441 441- 443 F Int 296
439
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00896
 		429 429- 431 F Int 298
440
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00897
 		413 412- 414- 416 H2 3-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo- imidazolidin-4-yl) propionic acid + Int 279
441
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00898
 		397 397- 399 H2 Int 151 + Int 198
442
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00899
 		490 490- 492 H2 Int 159 + Int 197
443
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00900
 		427 427- 429 I4 Int 299
444
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00901
 		425 425- 427 H2 Int 169 + Int 198
445
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00902
 		425 425- 427 H2 Int 169 + Int 206
446
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00903
 		456 456- 458 H2 Int 159 + Int 200
447
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00904
 		474 474- 476 F Int 300
448
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00905
 		445 445- 447 H2 Int 156 + Int 203
449
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00906
 		441 441- 443 F Int 302
450
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00907
 		427 427- 429 F Int 304
451
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00908
 		441 441- 443 F Int 306
452
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00909
 		490 490- 492 H1 Int 166 + Int 201
453
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00910
 		476 476- 478 H2 Int 132 + Int 201
454
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00911
 		474 474- 476 H1 Int 166 + Int 213
455
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00912
 		441 441- 443 2.40 Cpd 432
456
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00913
 		417 417 H2 Int 164 + Int 210
457
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00914
 		460 460- 462 F Int 307
458
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00915
 		476 476- 478 F Int 105
459
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00916
 		476 476- 478 F Int 308
460
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00917
 		477 477- 479 H2 Int 142 + Int 201
461
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00918
 		477 477 H2 Int 142 + Int 197
462
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00919
 		477 477- 479 H2 Int 139 + Int 201
463
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00920
 		461 461- 463 H2 Int 139 + Int 206
464
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00921
 		490 490- 492 H2 Int 174 + Int 201
465
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00922
 		466 466- 468 F Int 309
466
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00923
 		479 479- 481 H1 Int 179 + Int 197
467
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00924
 		463 463- 465 H1 Int 179 + Int 198
468
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00925
 		421 421- 423 H2 Int 172 + Int 310
469
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00926
 		393 393- 395 H2 Int 172 + Int 311
470
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00927
 		407 407- 409 H2 Int 172 + Int 280
471
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00928
 		451 451- 453 2.38 Int 315
472
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00929
 		447 447- 449 H2 Int 172 + Int 314
473
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00930
 		484 484- 486 H2 Int 166 + Int 312
474
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00931
 		429 429- 431 H2 Int 172 + Int 316
475
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00932
 		521 521- 523 F Int 317
476
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00933
 		411 411 H2 Int 172 + Int 319
477
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00934
 		465 465- 467 2.39 Cpd 475
478
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00935
 		491 491 H2 Int 156 + Int 314
479
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00936
 		429 429 H2 Int 165 + Int 320
480
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00937
 		459 459 H2 Int 156 + Int 320
481
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00938
 		451 451 H2 Int 156 + Int 312
TABLE IV
NMR of illustrative compounds of the invention
Cpd NMR
003 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.61 (1H, s), 7.91 (1H, m), 7.22 (1H, t), 6.97-6.94
(1H, m), 6.90 (1H, dd), 6.80 (1H, dd), 3.60-3.49 (4H, m), 3.24-3.10 (4H, m), 2.42-2.31 (1H,
m), 2.27-2.16 (1H, m), 1.82 (2H, t), 1.27 (3H, s)
006 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.81 (1H, s), 8.69 (1H, s), 7.53-7.48 (2H, m), 7.44-
7.38 (2H, m), 7.36-7.31 (1H, m), 7.22 (1H, t), 6.96-6.93 −1H, m), 6.89 (1H, dd), 6.80 (1H, dd),
3.58-3.40 (4H, m), 3.21-3.08 (4H, m), 2.40-2.11 (4H, m)
034 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.60 (1H, s), 7.70 (1H, m), 7.22 (1H, t), 6.98-6.94
(1H, m), 6.90 (1H, dd), 6.80 (1H, dd), 3.60-3.49 (4H, m), 3.25-3.10 (4H, m), 2.47-2.36 (1H,
m), 2.33-2.21 (1H, m), 2.00-1.89 (2H, m), 1.14-1.05 (1H, m), 0.50-0.41 (1H, m), 0.41-0.27
(2H, m), 0.15-0.06 (1H, m)
049 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.61 (1H, s), 7.91 (1H, m), 7.35 (1H, t), 6.97 (1H, dd),
6.79 (1H, dd), 3.59-3.47 (4H, m), 3.27-3.10 (4H, m), 2.42-2.31 (1H, m), 2.27-2.15 (1H, m),
1.81 (2H, t), 1.27 (3H, s)
052 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.40 (1H, s), 7.04 (1H, t), 6.92 (1H, dd), 6.79-6.74 (1H, m),
6.15 (1H, s), 3.82-3.68 (2H, m), 3.64-3.54 (2H, m), 3.12-3.03 (4H, m), 2.41-2.35 (2H, m),
2.25-2.08 (2H, m), 1.48 (3H, s)
054 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.63 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, s), 6.94 (2H, d), 6.87 (1H, t),
3.58-3.46 (4H, m), 3.30-3.16 (4H, m), 2.36-2.25 (1H, m), 2.20-2.09 (1H, m), 1.96-1.75 (3H,
m), 0.89 (3H, d), 0.81 (3H, d)
059 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.56 (1H, s), 7.22 (1H, d), 6.62 (1H, d), 6.30 (1H, s), 3.83-
3.75 (1H, m), 3.75-3.67 (1H, m), 3.63-3.50 (4H, m), 3.48-3.42 (2H, m), 2.39 (2H, t), 2.25-2.08
(2H, m), 1.48 (3H, s)
067 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.61 (1H, s), 7.91 (1H, m), 7.41 (1H, d), 7.14 (1H, d),
6.94 (1H, dd), 3.62-3.46 (4H, m), 3.26-3.10 (4H, m), 2.43-2.30 (1H, m), 2.26-2.15 (1H, m),
1.81 (2H, t), 1.27 (3H, s)
088 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.0 (1H, s), 8.80 (1H, s), 8.71 (1H, d), 8.57 (1H, dd),
7.94-7.89 (1H, m), 7.56 (1H, dd), 7.04 (1H, d), 6.82-6.76 (2H, m), 3.60-3.43 (4H, m), 2.84-
2.68 (4H, m), 2.42-2.16 (4H, m), 2.23 (3H, s), 2.20 (3H, s)
113 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.60 (1H, s), 7.70 (1H, s), 7.26 (1H, q), 7.02 (1H,
ddd), 6.79-6.69 (1H, m), 3.62-3.47 (4H, m), 3.19-3.01 (4H, m), 2.48-2.34 (1H, m), 2.34-2.19
(1H, m), 2.00-1.87 (2H, m), 1.15-1.03 (1H, m), 0.51-0.25 (3H, m), 0.15-0.03 (1H, m)
181 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.59 (1H, s), 7.72 (1H, s), 7.39-7.12 (5H, m), 6.94
(2H, s), 6.88 (1H, s), 3.74-3.62 (2H, m), 3.59-3.42 (4H, m), 3.29-3.12 (4H, m), 2.75-2.67 (2H,
m), 2.40-2.27 (1H, m), 2.25-2.20 (2H, m), 1.88-1.69 (2H, m)
188 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.66 (1H, s), 7.92 (1H, s), 6.95 (2H, d), 6.88 (1H, t),
3.59-3.45 (4H, m), 3.30-3.15 (4H, m), 2.77 (1H, d), 2.48 (1H, d), 2.44-2.32 (1H, m), 2.28-2.16
(1H, m), 1.88-1.72 (2H, m), 1.36 (9H, s)
212 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.61 (1H, s), 7.60 (0.4H, s), 7.56 (0.6H, s), 7.25 (1H,
q), 7.02-6.91 (1H, m), 6.74-6.65 (1H, m), 4.24-4.16 (0.6H, m), 4.04-3.97 (0.4H, m), 3.97-3.82
(1.4H, m), 3.75-3.67 (0.6H, m), 3.47-3.38 (0.6H, m), 3.37-3.21 (1.4H, m), 3.16-3.08 (0.4H, m),
3.00-2.73 (2.6H, m), 2.42-2.25 (1H, m), 1.70 (1H, dd), 1.10-0.94 (4H, m), 0.90 (3H, dd), 0.47-
0.21 (3H, m), 0.12-(−0.03) (1H, m)
Rotamers ratio: 6:4
218 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 8.71 (1H, s), 6.83 (1H, t), 6.74 (2H, d), 6.20 (1H, br. s),
3.90-3.77 (1H, m), 3.70-3.49 (3H, m), 3.26-3.08 (5H, m), 3.07-2.94 (1H, m), 2.91 (3H, s),
2.73-2.49 (2H, m), 2.35-2.13 (2H, m), 1.85 (1H, d), 1.13 (3H, d)
223 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.66 (1H, s), 7.91 (1H, t), 7.67 (1H, m), 6.95 (2H, s),
6.88 (1H, s), 3.60-3.42 (4H, m), 3.42-3.10 (6H, m), 2.44-2.28 (1H, m), 2.26-2.12 (1H, m),
1.88-1.74 (5H, m)
241 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 7.9-7.4 (1H, br. s), 7.26 (1H, q), 7.00 (1H, ddd), 6.77-
6.70 (1H, m), 3.72-3.41 (4H, m), 3.20-3.00 (4H, m), 2.72-2.61 (1H, m), 2.55-2.45 (1H, m),
2.43-2.34 (1H, m), 2.23 (1H, dd), 1.70-1.50 (3H, m), 0.96 (3H, d)
255 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 0.06-0.14 (m, 1H), 0.28-0.40 (m, 2H), 0.42-0.49 (m,
1H), 0.91 (d, 1.5H), 0.97 (d, 1.5H), 1.04-1.14 (m, 1H), 1.88-2.03 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.33 (m, 1H),
2.37-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.81-3.05 (m, 2H), 3.21-3.29 (m, 0.5H), 3.40-3.49 (m, 1.5H), 3.65 (d,
0.5H), 3.80 (d, 0.5H), 4.10 (br. s., 1H), 4.17 (d, 0.5H), 4.29 (d, 0.5H), 6.44 (t, 1H), 6.50-6.60
(m, 2H), 7.70 (s, 0.5H), 7.74 (s, 0.5H), 10.61 (br. s., 1H)
281 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.62 (1H, br. s), 8.62 (2H, s), 7.78-7.64 (3H, m), 7.36
(1H, t), 7.24 (1H, s), 7.17 (1H, d), 7.05-6.98 (1H, m), 4.32-4.23 (0.5H, m), 4.20-4.10 (1.5H,
m), 3.87-3.78 (0.5H, m), 3.68-3.60 (0.5H, m), 3.54-3.41 (1.5H, m), 3.37-3.30 (0.5H, m), 3.14-
2.90 (2H, m), 2.48-2.18 (2H, m), 2.02-1.92 (2H, m), 1.16-1.06 (1H, m), 0.96 (1.5H, d), 0.89
(1.5H, d), 0.50-0.41 (1H, m), 0.41-0.27 (2H, m), 0.15-0.05 (1H, m)
293 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.62 (1H, s), 7.93 (1H, s), 7.11 (1H, dd), 6.89 (1H,
dd), 3.63-3.53 (4H, m), 2.88-2.76 (4H, m), 2.42-2.34 (1H, m), 2.26 (3H, s), 2.26-2.16 (1H, m),
1.82 (2H, t), 1.27 (3H, s)
302 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.62 (1H, s), 8.56-8.54 (1H, m), 7.78-7.71 (1H, m),
7.39 (1H, dd), 7.20 (1H, d), 4.66-4.52 (1H, m), 4.37-4.28 (0.5H, m), 4.23 (0.5H, d), 4.18-4.05
(1H, m), 3.90-3.83 (0.5H, m), 3.75-3.67 (0.5H, m), 3.45 (0.5H, dd), 3.32-3.13 (1H, m), 3.12-
2.95 (1H, m), 2.91-2.80 (0.5H, m), 2.49-2.21 (2H, m), 2.05-1.88 (2H, m), 1.15-1.05 (1H, m),
1.08 (1.5H, d), 1.00 (1.5H, d), 0.50-0.40 (1H, m), 0.40-0.26 (2H, m), 0.14-0.05 (1H, m)
372 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.62 (1H, s), 9.25 (1H, d), 8.71-8.69 (1H, m), 8.60
(1H, d), 7.76-7.70 (1H, t), 7.65-7.61 (1H, m), 7.53 (1H, d), 7.39 (1H, t), 7.09-7.03 (1H, m),
4.33-4.26 (0.5H, m), 4.20-4.11 (1.5H, m), 3.88-3.80 (0.5H, m), 3.70-3.60 (0.5H, m), 3.55-3.36
(2H, m), 3.14-2.90 (2H, m), 2.48-2.20 (2H, m), 2.05-1.91 (2H, m), 1.17-1.03 (1H, m), 0.97
(1.5H, d), 0.90 (1.5H, d), 0.51-0.41 (1H, m), 0.41-0.27 (2H, m), 0.16-0.05 (1H, m)
BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES Example 3. In Vitro Assays 3.1. hADAMTS-1
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 5(6)-Fluorescein-NH-AELQGRPISIAK-5(6)-TAMRA (SEQ ID No 1) by human ADAMTS1
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM MOPS pH7; 50 mM NaCl; 5 mM CaCl2; 0.05% CHAPS; 5 μM ZnCl2) containing hADAMTS1 (0.38 ng/L, R&D SYSTEMS INC., Cat #2197-AD)) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 5(6)-Fluorescein-NH-AELQGRPISIAK-5(6)-TAMRA (SEQ ID No 1) (10 μL, 7 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 120 min at 37° C. (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 535).
3.2. hADAMTS-4 3.2.1. Protocol
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5-FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS4
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Hepes pH7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS, 5% glycerol) containing hADAMTS4 (0.325 ng/L) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 60 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, emission 535).
3.2.2. Protocol 2
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5 FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS4
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS) containing hADAMTS4 (0.38 ng/L) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 180 min at 37° C. (Excitation 485 nm, emission 535).
3.3. Rat ADAMTS-5
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5 FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by rnADAMTS-5 (1-564-6H).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM TRIS pH7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS) containing rnADAMTS-5 (0.5 ng/μL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 120 min at 37° C. (Excitation 485 nm, emission 535).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table V below.
TABLE V
Rat ADAMTS-5 potency of illustrative compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 730
2 361
3 323
4 66
5 101
6 107
7 272
8 157
9 331
10 41
11 1170
12 1160
13 966
14 784
15 >4000
16 329
17 >3940
18 930
19 >4000
20 1270
21 162
22 3900
23 158
24 132
27 124
33 178
34 41
35 103
36 29
40 234
46 42
47 236
49 141
51 508
53 179
54 91
55 37
56 72
57 117
64 165
65 65
66 1370
68 200
69 185
70 205
71 198
72 282
73 489
74 106
75 141
76 102
77 169
78 96
79 53
80 429
81 827
82 2090
83 436
84 637
85 1110
86 1790
87 113
88 119
89 72
90 70
91 69
92 64
93 >4000
94 3020
95 40
96 57
97 148
98 82
99 116
100 163
101 165
102 94
103 24
104 41
105 162
106 222
107 147
108 410
109 182
110 299
111 46
112 39
113 91
114 62
115 38
116 29
121 24
124 37
135 125
136 242
137 249
138 107
142 54
143 314
144 271
145 563
146 133
147 99
148 97
151 83
152 62
153 114
154 507
156 128
157 284
158 389
159 127
160 36
161 37
162 45
163 45
167 10
168 129
169 27
170 244
172 11
173 21
174 17
175 22
176 7
177 40
178 344
179 34
180 241
181 127
182 87
183 266
184 280
186 136
187 396
188 54
189 254
190 15
191 11
192 6
193 7
194 5
195 262
196 104
197 21
198 38
199 48
200 135
203 26
204 11
205 27
206 40
207 6
208 79
209 565
210 105
211 23
212 5
213 21
214 30
215 18
216 250
217 49
218 17
219 29
233 20
242 57
249 34
255 23
265 22
294 128
295 71
314 34
388 74
405 18
406 20
3.4. hADAMTS-5 3.4.1. Protocol 1
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5 FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS-5.
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Hepes pH7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS, 5% glycerol) containing hADAMTS-5 (0.5 ng/L) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 60 min at Room Temperature (Excitation 485 nm, emission 530).
3.4.2. Protocol 2
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5 FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS-5.
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Hepes pH7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS 1) containing hADAMTS-5 (1 ng/μL, affinity purified, followed by overnight digestion of 6His tag by thrombin and dialysis) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 45 min at 37° C. (Excitation 485 nm, emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table VI below.
TABLE VI
hADAMTS-5 potency of illustrative compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 694
2 274
3 233
4 114
5 78
6 79
7 272
8 142
9 316
10 56
11 988
12 1300
13 836
14 897
15 >4000
16 301
17 2840
18 675
19 >4000
20 1280
21 166
22 >3790
23 157
24 93
25 138
26 706
27 90
28 209
29 >12000
30 >4000
31 1060
32 385
33 134
34 39
35 99
36 34
37 229
38 >4000
39 570
40 186
41 2660
42 >3980
43 1530
44 553
45 204
46 35
47 186
48 391
49 127
50 >4000
51 282
52 281
53 118
54 61
55 36
56 38
57 93
58 >20000
59 >20000
60 1160
61 2940
62 293
63 1240
64 125
65 50
66 1310
67 152
68 169
69 178
70 253
71 200
72 264
73 382
74 89
75 73
76 91
77 107
78 79
79 53
80 257
81 681
82 1740
83 423
84 815
85 1270
86 1700
87 137
88 119
89 94
90 85
91 95
92 63
93 >4080
94 2130
95 48
96 49
97 168
98 73
99 160
100 185
101 154
102 104
103 28
104 43
105 226
106 233
107 172
108 320
109 261
110 297
111 42
112 40
113 104
114 67
115 36
116 30
117 211
118 563
119 1740
120 690
121 15
122 341
123 95
124 48
125 53
126 106
127 96
128 1170
129 150
130 126
131 1260
132 37
133 108
134 1870
135 167
136 187
137 240
138 101
139 231
140 149
141 119
142 39
143 259
144 227
145 505
146 89
147 62
148 63
149 79
150 95
151 68
152 48
153 84
154 430
156 130
157 275
158 351
159 104
160 29
407 33.5
3.4.3. Protocol 3
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate TBIS-1 (5 FAM-TEGEARGSVILLK (5TAMRA)K-NH2) (SEQ ID No 2) by human ADAMTS-5.
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Hepes pH7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1% CHAPS) containing hADAMTS-5 (0.63 ng/L) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate TBIS-1 (10 μL, 4.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 90 min at 37° C. (Excitation 485 nm, emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table VII below.
TABLE VII
hADAMTS-5 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 1440 53 148
3 486 55 69
6 86 75 61
12 1554 98 127
19 >4000 99 534
29 >4000 102 184
30 >4000 112 58
34 73 115 106
40 243 116 51
50 >4000 118 711
51 920 120 1120
121 15 184 272
122 590 185 >4000
124 35 186 110
127 85 187 456
135 233 188 53
136 286 189 256
140 240 190 22
142 25 191 20
143 443 192 11
144 154 193 23
145 838 194 11
146 70 195 318
147 47 196 102
148 76 197 26
151 32 198 52
152 63 199 62
153 63 200 109
154 742 201 307
155 1250 202 724
156 188 203 46
157 241 204 16
158 364 205 26
159 126 206 60
160 32 207 12
161 54 208 126
162 39 209 836
163 40 210 108
164 236 211 48
165 207 212 12
166 264 213 30
167 19 214 61
168 76 215 37
169 30 216 305
170 170 217 59
171 305 218 20
172 17 219 41
173 22 220 18
174 21 221 110
175 25 222 20
176 16 223 70
177 78 224 14
178 577 225 28
179 94 226 22
180 177 227 105
181 97 228 109
182 104 229 31
183 235 230 24
231 20 278 >20000
232 47 279 19
233 27 280 275
234 28 281 189
235 16 282 110
236 15 283 1080
237 106 284 >12000
238 141 285 892
239 46 286 >4000
240 194 287 52
241 232 288 72
242 66 289 97
243 >3890 290 2850
244 2310 291 453
245 17 292 48
246 114 293 294
247 95 294 134
248 49 295 115
249 36 296 >4000
250 2150 297 >3620
251 94 298 192
252 67 299 114
253 35 300 140
254 71 301 >20000
255 20 302 776
256 1410 303 266
257 1570 304 >4000
258 1530 305 674
259 224 306 67
260 126 307 44
261 165 308 59
262 >4000 309 31
263 19 310 50
264 19 311 57
265 18 312 40
266 28 313 34
267 3080 314 24
268 62 315 42
269 19 316 61
270 76 317 52
271 1300 318 59
272 623 319 94
273 322 320 48
274 >4000 321 199
275 266 322 237
276 115 323 1240
277 152 324 407
325 796 372 2390
326 52 373 1530
327 45 374 3080
328 >4000 375 30
329 134 376 52
330 >4000 377 700
331 14 378 22
332 61 379 18
333 3120 380 47
334 430 381 1970
335 78 382 39
336 74 383 43
337 764 384 60
338 60 385 71
339 33 386 48
340 155 387 37
341 264 388 57
342 39 389 40
343 22 391 >4000
344 >20000 392 567
345 50 394 49
346 37 395 39
347 21 396 53
348 34 397 37
349 62 399 163
350 62 400 383
351 35 401 1120
352 >20000 402 732
353 1640 403 168
354 >20000 404 19
355 200 405 22
356 40 406 26
357 25 407 25
358 953 408 19
359 83 409 17
360 119 410 22
361 51 411 11
362 50 412 13
363 76 413 11
364 92 414 40
365 72 415 28
366 36 416 12
367 44 417 22
368 257 418 33
369 1080 419 23
370 532 420 32
371 42 421 38
422 21 452 23
423 58 453 36
424 53 454 35
425 18 455 14
426 110 456 27
427 20 457 47
428 14 458 21
429 53 459 46
430 105 460 30
431 30 461 39
432 26 462 22
433 21 463 46
434 20 464 26
435 15 465 62
436 22 466 55
437 17 467 42
438 56 468 >4000
439 43 469 215
440 2150 470 383
441 59 471 852
442 24 472 899
443 32 474 626
444 25 475 307
445 29 476 175
446 19 477 239
447 56 478 61
448 19 479 19
449 40 480 31
450 58 481 29
451 48
3.5. hTACE
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 5FAM-LAQAVRSSSRK-5TAMRA (SEQ ID No 3) (Anaspec, custom 34891) by human TACE (R&D SYSTEMS INC., Cat #930-ADB).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (25 mM Tris pH8.0, 2.5 μM ZnCl2, 0.01% CHAPS) containing TACE (0.05 ng/μL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 5FAM-LAQAVRSSSRK-5TAMRA (5 L, 5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 75 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table VIII below.
TABLE VIII
TACE potency of illustrative compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 >20000 53 >4000
2 >17500 54 2270
3 >5500 55 >3310
4 >5500 56 3190
5 >3330 57 >12000
6 2360 60 >20000
7 >2930 62 >20000
8 >3220 63 >20000
9 2500 64 3140
10 >2790 65 56
11 >20000 66 >20000
12 >4000 67 >4000
13 1170 70 >20000
14 >4000 74 1360
16 457 75 550
17 >4000 76 1780
18 >4000 78 2660
20 >4000 79 277
21 2060 80 >20000
24 298 83 2490
25 >2000 85 >4000
26 >10000 86 >4000
27 >2000 87 120
28 >20000 88 211
32 >4000 89 984
33 429 90 >4000
34 >4000 91 >4000
35 >4000 92 1050
36 670 93 >3530
37 >20000 94 >4000
39 588 95 >4000
40 2720 96 3590
43 >20000 97 >4000
44 >20000 98 >4000
45 >20000 99 >14700
46 137 100 >4000
47 >20000 102 3400
49 >20000 103 4100
51 >3660 104 461
52 >20000 105 >20000
106 >20000 158 >20000
107 >4000 159 1870
109 5260 160 >20000
111 963 161 >20000
112 >4000 162 >20000
113 >20000 163 >20000
114 >20000 164 >20000
115 >20000 165 >20000
116 >4640 166 >20000
117 >4000 167 >4000
118 >4000 168 >20000
120 >4000 169 >20000
121 1100 170 n/a
122 >4000 171 >20000
123 1640 172 311
124 880 173 3140
125 1800 174 321
126 >4000 175 251
127 >4000 176 1230
128 >20000 177 1990
129 >4000 179 785
130 >4000 180 >4000
132 348 181 2860
133 195 182 >4000
134 >20000 183 >20000
135 >20000 186 4070
136 >20000 187 >20000
137 >20000 188 >4000
138 >20000 189 >4000
139 1320 190 >20000
140 >20000 191 >20000
142 >4000 192 >4000
143 >20000 193 >20000
144 >4000 194 >4000
145 >4000 196 >3930
146 1580 197 134
147 >4000 198 817
148 >4000 199 1050
151 >20000 200 1060
152 >20000 201 >20000
153 2270 203 >20000
154 >20000 204 3870
155 >20000 205 >20000
156 >20000 206 >4000
157 >20000 207 >4000
208 >4000 253 >20000
209 >4000 254 1000
210 1440 255 >20000
211 3740 256 >20000
212 >4000 257 >4000
213 >20000 258 >20000
214 >4000 259 >20000
215 >12000 260 >20000
216 >4000 261 >20000
217 >4000 262 >4000
218 272 263 2620
219 441 264 >4000
220 245 265 >4000
221 3200 266 >4000
222 337 267 >4000
223 >4000 268 >4000
224 >4000 269 840
225 >20000 270 >4000
226 >4000 271 >20000
227 >3510 272 >4000
228 >4000 273 >20000
229 >4000 274 >20000
230 207 275 >20000
231 106 276 >4000
232 >4000 277 >4000
233 >4000 278 >20000
234 >4000 279 2990
235 1320 280 >20000
236 225 281 >20000
237 >4000 282 >20000
238 3160 283 >20000
239 >4000 284 >20000
240 >20000 285 >4000
241 >12000 286 >20000
242 2520 287 >4000
243 >19500 288 >4000
244 >19500 289 >4000
245 2130 290 >20000
246 >19500 291 >20000
247 >19600 292 >4000
248 >3780 294 >20000
249 >19600 295 >20000
250 417 296 >20000
251 >12000 297 >20000
252 2690 298 >20000
299 >20000 344 >20000
300 >20000 345 >4000
301 >20000 346 >4000
302 >20000 347 2380
303 >20000 348 >4000
304 >20000 349 >4000
305 >20000 350 >20000
306 >4000 351 >20000
307 3590 352 >20000
308 >4000 353 >20000
309 >4000 354 >20000
310 1320 355 >20000
311 3070 356 >4000
312 3680 357 >4000
313 >20000 358 >20000
314 >4000 359 >12000
315 >4000 360 >20000
316 >4000 361 >20000
317 >4000 362 >20000
318 2190 363 >12000
319 >4000 364 >20000
320 >4000 365 >9330
321 >4000 366 >4000
322 >4000 367 >4000
323 >4000 368 >20000
324 >4000 369 >20000
325 >20000 370 >20000
326 >4000 371 >3730
327 >4000 372 >20000
328 >20000 373 >20000
329 >20000 374 >20000
330 >20000 375 1130
331 >4000 376 2430
332 >20000 377 >20000
333 >20000 378 >4000
334 >20000 379 1490
335 >4000 380 >4000
336 >4000 381 >20000
337 >20000 382 >20000
338 >4000 383 >4000
339 >4000 384 2230
340 >4000 385 >4000
341 885 386 >4000
342 >4000 387 >4000
343 >20000 388 >4000
389 >4000 439 787
391 >4000 440 417
392 >20000 441 >20000
394 >20000 442 789
395 >20000 443 >4000
396 >4000 444 >4000
397 >4000 445 >4000
400 2930 446 840
404 >4000 447 3620
405 >4000 448 2990
406 >4000 449 >20000
407 479 450 >20000
408 >4000 451 >12000
409 311 452 1780
410 170 453 3180
411 >4000 454 2980
412 >20000 455 >4000
413 >4000 456 >4000
414 >4000 457 >4000
415 396 458 2380
416 >4000 459 1740
417 479 460 >4000
418 >4000 461 2540
419 >4000 462 >4000
420 2980 463 >4000
421 >4000 464 >4000
422 >4000 465 3500
423 1470 466 2640
424 >10800 467 >4000
425 245 468 >4000
426 3200 469 >4000
427 337 470 2930
428 >4000 472 >4000
429 >3980 474 >4000
430 >3510 475 2650
431 >4000 476 >4000
432 >4000 477 >20000
433 1250 478 >4000
434 106 479 >4000
435 225 480 >20000
436 368 481 3950
437 2130
438 1280
3.6. hMMP1
Inhibition of the proteases human MMP1 was determined at REACTION BIOLOGY (Reaction Biology Corp. 1 Great Valley Parkway, Suite 2 Malvern, Pa. 19355, USA) in fluorescent based biochemical assays. The protease activities were monitored as a time-course measurement of the increase in fluorescence signal from fluorescently-labeled peptide substrates, and initial linear portion of slope (signal/min) was analyzed.
To determine the IC50, a compound is tested starting from 100 nM (highest dilution) with a 1/3 dilution.
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table IX below.
TABLE IX
hMMP-1 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM)
27 30000
36 30000
40 >30000
55 >30000
255 >30000
3.7. MMP2 3.7.1. Protocol 1
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 520 MMP fret substrate XV (Anaspec, Catalog #: AS-60582-01) by human MMP2 (R&D SYSTEMS INC. Systems Inc., Cat #902-MP).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Tris pH 7.5, 10 mM, CaCl2, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% Brij35) containing preactivated MMP2 (0.0125 ng/μL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration). Human MMP2 is preactivated by incubated the enzyme in the same buffer complemented with 1 mM freshly prepared p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate (AMPA) for 1 hour at 37° C.
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 520 MMP fret substrate XV (10 μL, 4 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 30 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table X below.
TABLE X
hMMP-2 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 1570 3 1480
2 250 4 259
5 44 36 >20000
6 379 37 914
7 >16700 39 >20000
8 >16700 40 >4000
9 271 44 2950
10 26 45 >4000
11 >20000 46 >20000
12 >20000 47 550
13 >20000 49 83
14 38 51 n/a
16 >16700 52 2910
18 >20000 53 3930
20 >20000 54 n/a
21 >20000 55 >20000
24 >20000 56 140
25 101 57 n/a
26 111 60 >20000
27 >10000 62 >20000
32 >20000 63 >20000
33 >20000 64 >20000
34 220 65 >20000
35 >20000
3.7. Protocol 2
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 390 MMP FRET substrate I (Anaspec, Catalog n#: AS-27076) by human MMP2 (R&D SYSTEMS INC., Cat #902-MP).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (45 mM Tris pH 7.5, 9 mM CaCl2, 135 mM NaCl, 0.045% Brij35) containing MMP2 (0.03 ng/L) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 390 MMP FRET substrate I (10 μL, 2.5 μM, Anaspec) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 30 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table XI below.
TABLE XI
hMMP-2 potency of illustrative compounds
of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
3 2560 28 192
5 212 34 489
17 >20000 35 >20000
36 >20000 112 >20000
40 >20000 113 >20000
43 >20000 114 >20000
46 >20000 115 >20000
47 1410 116 1410
51 >20000 117 >20000
53 >4000 118 >4000
54 >20000 120 >20000
55 >20000 121 >20000
57 >20000 122 >20000
60 >20000 123 >20000
64 >20000 124 >20000
65 >20000 125 >20000
66 >4000 126 >4000
67 794 127 794
70 1950 128 1950
74 1410 129 1410
75 >20000 130 >20000
76 674 132 674
78 711 133 711
79 >20000 134 >20000
80 452 135 452
83 407 136 407
85 >20000 137 >20000
86 >20000 138 >20000
87 >20000 139 >20000
88 >20000 140 >20000
89 >20000 142 >20000
90 219 143 219
91 745 144 745
92 >20000 145 >20000
93 >20000 146 >20000
94 >20000 147 >20000
95 381 148 381
96 639 151 639
97 >20000 152 >20000
98 >20000 153 >20000
99 >20000 154 >20000
100 >20000 155 >20000
102 >20000 156 >20000
103 123 157 123
104 2560 158 2560
105 212 159 212
106 >20000 160 >20000
107 192 161 192
109 489 162 489
111 >20000 163 >20000
164 >20000 216 >20000
165 >20000 217 >20000
166 >20000 218 >20000
167 >20000 219 1410
168 1410 220 >20000
169 >20000 221 >4000
170 >4000 222 >20000
171 >20000 223 >20000
172 >20000 224 >20000
173 >20000 225 >20000
174 >20000 226 >20000
175 >20000 227 >20000
176 >20000 228 >4000
177 >4000 229 794
179 794 230 1950
180 1950 231 1410
181 1410 232 >20000
182 >20000 233 674
183 674 234 711
186 711 235 >20000
187 >20000 236 452
188 452 237 407
189 407 238 >20000
190 >20000 239 >20000
191 >20000 240 >20000
192 >20000 241 >20000
193 >20000 242 >20000
194 219 243 219
196 745 244 745
197 >20000 245 >20000
198 >20000 246 >20000
199 >20000 247 >20000
200 381 248 381
201 639 249 639
203 >20000 250 >20000
204 >20000 251 >20000
205 >20000 252 >20000
206 >20000 253 >20000
207 >20000 254 >20000
208 123 255 123
209 2560 256 2560
210 212 257 212
211 >20000 258 >20000
212 192 259 192
213 489 260 489
214 >20000 261 >20000
215 >20000 262 >20000
263 >20000 311 >20000
264 >20000 312 >20000
265 >20000 313 >20000
266 1410 314 1410
267 >20000 315 >20000
268 >4000 316 >4000
269 >20000 317 >20000
270 >20000 318 >20000
271 >20000 319 >20000
272 >20000 320 >20000
273 >20000 321 >20000
274 >20000 322 >20000
275 >4000 323 >4000
276 794 324 794
277 1950 325 1950
278 1410 326 1410
279 >20000 327 >20000
280 674 328 674
281 711 329 711
282 >20000 330 >20000
283 452 331 452
284 407 332 407
285 >20000 333 >20000
286 >20000 334 >20000
287 >20000 335 >20000
288 >20000 336 >20000
289 >20000 337 >20000
290 219 338 219
291 745 339 745
292 >20000 340 >20000
294 >20000 341 >20000
295 >20000 342 >20000
296 381 343 381
297 639 344 639
298 >20000 345 >20000
299 >20000 346 >20000
300 >20000 347 >20000
301 >20000 348 >20000
302 >20000 349 >20000
303 123 350 123
304 2560 351 2560
305 212 352 212
306 >20000 353 >20000
307 192 354 192
308 489 355 489
309 >20000 356 >20000
310 >20000 357 >20000
358 >20000 412 63
359 >20000 413 411
360 >20000 414 2053
361 1410 415 1390
362 >20000 416 990
363 >4000 417 1070
364 >20000 418 740
365 >20000 419 219
366 >20000 420 >14700
367 >20000 421 701
368 >20000 422 879
369 >20000 423 >20000
370 >4000 424 >20000
371 794 425 2820
372 1950 426 >4000
373 1410 427 >4000
374 >20000 428 38
375 674 429 >12000
376 711 430 >20000
377 >20000 431 501
378 452 432 581
379 407 433 >4000
380 >20000 434 1620
381 >20000 435 2590
382 >20000 436 >4000
383 >20000 437 225
384 >20000 438 3420
385 219 439 >3890
386 745 440 >20000
387 >20000 441 1530
388 >20000 442 >4000
389 >20000 443 1330
391 381 444 1440
392 639 445 945
394 >20000 446 119
395 >20000 447 >4000
396 >20000 448 2
397 >20000 449 1380
400 >20000 450 >3710
404 123 451 1100
405 909 452 1860
406 581 453 1540
407 >20000 454 449
408 1370 455 209
409 3020 456 279
410 >4000 457 3110
411 547 458 846
459 >20000 470 >4000
460 1040 472 >4000
461 >20000 474 3260
462 946 475 >4000
463 2430 476 387
464 848 477 >20000
465 >20000 478 1020
466 >20000 479 31
467 1860 480 53
468 >20000 481 3060
469 520
3.9. hMMP12
Inhibition of the human MMP12 protease is determined at REACTION BIOLOGY (Reaction Biology Corp. 1 Great Valley Parkway, Suite 2 Malvern, Pa. 19355, USA; cat # MMP12) in fluorescence based biochemical assays. The protease activity is monitored as a time-course measurement of the increase in fluorescence signal from fluorescently-labeled peptide substrates, and the slope (signal/min) of the initial linear portion is measured.
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 520 MMP FRET Substrate XIV (Anaspec, cat # AS 60581) by human MMP12 (Enzo®, cat # SE-138) in a buffer solution (50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 10 mM CaCl2, 0.01% Brij-35, 0.1 mg/mL BSA).
A 100% DMSO dilution series of test compound (10 final concentrations starting from 30 μM highest concentration, with 1/3 serial dilutions) is added to MMP12 in buffer solution and incubated at room temperature for 5-15 min (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration). The reaction is then initiated by adding 520 MMP FRET Substrate XIV (5 μM final concentration) in the same buffer.
Fluorescence is read at 5 min intervals for 2 h with an Envision (Perkin Elmer) at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 520 nm). The slope of the initial linear portion of the fluorescence signal curve is then calculated by using Excel. Percent protease activity is calculated relative to a no inhibitor DMSO control defined as 100% activity. IC50 curve fits are performed using Prism software.
3.10. hMMP13 3.10.1. Protocol 1
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 390 MMP FRET Substrate I (Anaspec Cat # AS-27076) by human MMP13 (Chemicon, Cat #CC068).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (20 μM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in water), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Tris pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, 0.05% CHAPS, 5 μM ZnCl2) containing MMP13 (0.01 ng/IL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration). Human MMP13 is preactivated by incubated the enzyme in the same buffer complemented with 1 mM freshly prepared p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate (AMPA) for 1 hour at 37° C.
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 390 MMP FRET Substrate I (10 μL, 2.5 μM) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 45 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table XII below.
TABLE XII
hMMP-13 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd# IC50 (nM) Cpd# IC50 (nM)
3 >4000 35 >20000
5 794 36 >20000
17 >20000 40 >20000
27 >20000 43 >20000
28 2370 46 n/a
34 3210 47 >4000
53 >20000 116 >20000
54 >20000 117 >4000
55 >20000 118 >20000
57 n/a 120 >20000
60 >20000 121 70.6
64 >20000 122 >20000
65 >20000 123 919
66 >20000 124 1280
67 >3500 125 2120
70 >4000 126 >4000
74 2660 127 >20000
75 >20000 128 >20000
76 2060 129 >20000
78 2100 130 >20000
79 >20000 132 3290
80 3790 133 >20000
83 >4000 134 >20000
85 >20000 135 >20000
86 >20000 136 >20000
87 >20000 137 >20000
88 >20000 138 >4000
89 >20000 139 >20000
90 1210 140 >4000
91 1680 142 >20000
92 >20000 143 >20000
93 >20000 144 >20000
94 >20000 145 >20000
95 2200 146 3880
96 1060 147 >4000
97 >20000 148 >20000
98 >20000 151 >20000
99 >20000 152 >20000
100 >20000 153 >4000
102 >20000 154 >4000
103 2000 155 >20000
104 >20000 156 >20000
105 >20000 157 >20000
106 >20000 158 >20000
107 >20000 159 >20000
109 >4000 160 >20000
111 >20000 161 >20000
112 1880 162 >4000
113 3620 163 >20000
114 2580 164 >20000
115 >4000 165 >20000
166 >20000 216 >20000
167 >4000 217 >4000
168 >20000 218 2220
169 >20000 219 >4000
170 >20000 220 >4000
171 >4000 221 >4000
172 2740 222 >4000
173 >20000 223 >20000
174 >20000 224 152
175 >20000 225 3940
176 >20000 226 3270
177 >20000 227 >20000
179 >20000 228 >4000
180 >20000 229 3850
181 >20000 230 >20000
182 >20000 231 766
183 >20000 232 >20000
186 >20000 233 1710
187 2610 234 5.6
188 2670 235 21.2
189 >20000 236 1220
190 3060 242 >20000
191 1880 247 >20000
192 865 249 >4000
193 433 250 >20000
194 952 255 >20000
196 >20000 262 >20000
197 >4000 405 2333
198 1940 406 2042
199 >20000 407 >20000
200 >20000 408 >4000
201 >20000 409 2740
203 >20000 410 >4000
204 >12000 411 865
205 >20000 412 433
206 >4000 413 952
207 2880 414 >4000
208 >20000 415 1300
209 >20000 416 2880
210 >14700 417 3130
211 377 418 >4000
212 1040 419 663
213 >4000 420 >14000
214 >3510 421 >4000
215 >4000 422 2330
423 >20000 432 2040
424 >20000 433 >20000
425 >4000 434 766
426 >4000 435 1220
427 >4000 436 >4000
428 152 438 1850
429 >20000 439 >4000
430 >20000 440 >20000
431 3280
3.10.2. Protocol 2
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 520 MMP-fret substrate XV (Anaspec, Catalog #: AS-60582-01) by human MMP13 (Chemicon, Cat # CC068).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound (2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM Tris pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, 0.05% CHAPS, 5 μM ZnCl2) containing MMP13 (6.25 10−6 μg/μL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 520 MMP-fret substrate XV (10 μL, 4 μM) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 60 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table XIII below.
TABLE XIII
hMMP-13 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
1 >20000 10 285
2 2370 11 >20000
3 >4000 12 >20000
4 2520 13 >20000
5 76.4 14 366
6 2150 16 >20000
7 >20000 18 >20000
8 >20000 20 >20000
9 1480 21 >20000
3.11. hMMP14
The basis for the assay is the cleavage of the substrate 390 MMP FRET Substrate I (Anaspec Cat # AS-27076) by human MMP14 (Biomol, Cat #SE-259).
For the dose response (10 point), 4 μL of a dilution series of compound 2 mM highest concentration, 1/5 dilution in DMSO further diluted 1 in 10 in water, corresponding to a final highest concentration of 20 μM), is transferred to 384 well Fluotrac 200 plate (Greiner, cat #781076) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min with a 26 μL buffer solution (50 mM MOPS pH7, 5 mM CaCl2, 1 μM ZnCl2, 0.1% Brij-35) containing MMP14 (0.05 ng/μL) (it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the potency read out is independent of the enzyme concentration).
The reaction is initiated by adding to the assay plate 390 MMP FRET Substrate I (10 μL, 2.5 μM) in the same buffer.
Finally, the fluorescence is read on the Envision (Perkin Elmer) after an incubation of 60 min at room temperature (Excitation 485 nm, Emission 530).
The IC50 measured for illustrative compounds of the invention is reported in Table XIV below.
TABLE XIV
hMMP-14 potency of illustrative
compounds of the invention
Cpd IC50 (nM) Cpd IC50 (nM)
27 >20000 255 3230
36 >20000 259 >20000
40 >20000 260 >20000
51 >20000 261 >20000
55 >20000 265 2295
173 >20000 266 3640
192 823 270 >4000
203 >4000 276 >20000
204 >20000 277 >20000
205 >4000 282 >20000
207 >4000 287 >4000
210 >20000 288 >4000
212 378 295 3460
214 1230 307 >20000
215 2600 308 >20000
217 >4000 309 >20000
218 1310 313 >20000
220 3840 314 >20000
223 >20000 316 >20000
226 978 317 823
227 >20000 319 >4000
228 >20000 320 >20000
229 682 326 >4000
230 >20000 327 >4000
231 549 331 >20000
232 >20000 332 378
233 384 339 1230
234 7 342 2600
235 26 346 >4000
236 1220 350 1310
242 >20000 351 3840
247 >4000 357 >20000
249 1230 359 978
251 >4000 365 >20000
367 >20000 438 3420
371 682 439 >3890
375 >20000 441 1530
388 549 443 1330
389 >20000 444 1440
391 384 445 945
396 7 447 >4000
397 26 449 1380
400 1220 450 >3710
404 >20000 451 1100
405 3817 453 1540
406 1345 455 209
411 547 457 3110
414 2053 459 >20000
416 990 464 848
418 740 465 >20000
420 >14700 466 >20000
421 701 467 1860
422 879 468 >20000
423 >20000 469 520
424 >20000 470 >4000
425 2820 472 >4000
429 >12000 474 3260
430 >20000 475 >4000
431 501 476 387
432 581 477 >20000
433 >4000 478 1020
434 1620 479 31
435 2590 480 53
436 >4000 481 3060
Example 4. Cellular Assays 4.1.1. Mouse Explant Assay
In this assay, quantitation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the form of aggrecan fragments released from cartilage in culture is used to determine the efficacy of a test compound in preventing cartilage catabolism.
The protocol of mouse cartilage explants is described by Stanton (Stanton et al., 2011). After euthanasia, the femoral head cartilage from the right and left leg of a 3-days-old C57Bl6 male mouse (Janvier, 7-10 g), were placed in a 48-wells culture plate. Cell culture medium (400 μL) containing human IL1α (Ing/mL) and test compound (3 μM) were added to the femoral head cartilage.
After 3 days of incubation, the supernatant is harvested and stored at −20° C. until analysis and the cartilages are digested with a papain solution at 60° C. for 24 h. Using the standard curve performed with a dose range of chondroitin sulfate, the concentration of GAG is determined in the supernatant and on the lysate using dimethylmethylene blue solution (reading at a wavelength of 590 nm).
The percentage of GAG release is calculated as follows:
GAG ⁢ ⁢ % = [ GAG ] supernatant [ GAG ] supernatant + [ GAG ] lysate
The test compound effect is expressed as percent of inhibition (PIN) using the following formula:
PIN = mean ⁢ ⁢ % ⁡ [ GAG ] vehicle + IL ⁢ ⁢ 1 ⁢ α - mean ⁢ ⁢ % ⁡ [ GAG ] compound + IL ⁢ ⁢ 1 ⁢ α mean ⁢ ⁢ % ⁡ [ GAG ] vehicle + IL ⁢ ⁢ 1 ⁢ α - mean ⁢ ⁢ % ⁡ [ GAG ] compound * 100
4.2. Human Explant Assay
In this assay, compounds are tested in human articular cartilage explants in order to evaluate their activity on aggrecan degradation induced by IL1. AGNx1 is the epitope for aggrecanase-mediated aggrecan degradation; on the other hand, AGNx2 is the epitope for MMP-mediated aggrecan degradation. Therefore quantification of AGNx1 and AGNx2 may be used to evaluate the activity of a test compound.
These studies were conducted in Nordic Bioscience (Herlev Hovedgade 207, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark).
Human articular cartilage explants are collected from 3 nearby hospitals under an existing ethical committee application.
Full-depth cartilage explants from OA cartilage from different patients are cultured for 21 days in culture medium (DMEM/F12 with 0.5% FCS, 1% PS) containing various (positive control, untreated, and test compound at 0.1, 1 and 10 μM).
The explants from each patient are cultured in a separate 96-well culture plate with 200 μL/well PBS, and the 6 replicates of each treatment are distributed in a diagonal pattern on the plate. At each experimental time point (5, 12 and 19 days), supernatants are harvested from the explants cultures, and new treatment-mediums are added. The supernatants are stored at −20° C. for later biomarker analysis. The human IL1 (Sigma-Aldrich SRP3083) is used at a concentration of 10 ng/mL.
4.3. Results
The AGNx1 and AGNx2 concentrations were determined against a standard curve. Mean and SEM were graphed using the excel software. One-way ANOVA plus Dunnett's multiple comparisons post-hoc test are used for the statistical analysis (Prism 3.03 software).
Example 5. In Vivo Assays 5.1. In Vivo Menisectomized (MNX) Rat Model 5.1.1. In Vivo Efficacy in the Rat MNX Model
In vivo efficacy was studied in a female Lewis meniscectomised rat (MNX) model. The MNX rat model is a well-validated disease model of osteoarthritis (Bendele, 2001; Janusz et al., 2002; Pritzker et al., 2006).
5.1.2. Experimental Procedures 5.1.2.1. Surgery and Dosing
Osteoarthritis is induced by meniscectomy at day 0 (D0) in the right leg of each rat by a transection of the medial collateral ligament and 4 mm of ligament are removed. Internal part of the meniscus is transected vertically into two flaps which are pushed to the front and the back of the synovial cavity. Sham animals undergo only anaesthesia, skin and muscle incision then suture. On day 1, rats are randomly assigned to a treatment group (n=20 per group) according to their body weight, in order to have a homogenous distribution. From D2 to D21, rats are dosed per os (po) once daily (qd) or twice a day (bid) with compounds formulated in methylcellulose (MC) 0.5% or in HPβCD 10% pH3.0.
5.1.2.2. Steady-State PK Determination (ssPK)
After at least 7 days of treatment, blood is sampled at 4 time points post administration: 0, 1, 3 and 6 h (and assuming 24 h is equal to the pre-dose sample), in order to determine steady-state plasma exposure.
5.1.2.3. Histology
At sacrifice, the right tibia of each rat is collected and processed for histological analysis. After 48 h of fixation in 4% formaldehyde, tibias are decalcified in Osteosoft for 7 days, and cut into 2 half parts prior to embedding face to face in paraffin. Five series of sections are cut at 200 μm intervals, covering about 1.5 mm of the middle part of the bone. One series of slides is stained with Safranin O and light green for morphological evaluation and OARSI scoring. The other series of slides are mounted with DAPI for chondrocyte density measurement.
The extent of cartilage injury reflecting osteoarthritis in the tibial plateau is evaluated and scored using the OARSI method based on the grading and the staging of cartilage lesion (Pritzker et al, 2006). The OARSI scoring is assessed in a blinded manner by two different readers. For each tibia, one score is attributed as the median of the OARSI score of the 5 sections.
For statistical analysis, medians of groups are compared with a stratified Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunnett multiple comparison post hoc test.
Significance levels: ns: not statistically significant; *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001 versus MNX-vehicle. Statistical analyses are done on all groups of the studies.
FINAL REMARKS
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing descriptions are exemplary and explanatory in nature, and intended to illustrate the invention and its preferred embodiments. Through routine experimentation, an artisan will recognize apparent modifications and variations that may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All such modifications coming within the scope of the appended claims are intended to be included therein. Thus, the invention is intended to be defined not by the above description, but by the following claims and their equivalents.
All publications, including but not limited to patents and patent applications, cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication are specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein as though fully set forth.
It should be understood that factors such as the differential cell penetration capacity of the various compounds can contribute to discrepancies between the activity of the compounds in the in vitro biochemical and cellular assays.
At least some of the chemical names of compound of the invention as given and set forth in this application, may have been generated on an automated basis by use of a commercially available chemical naming software program, and have not been independently verified. Representative programs performing this function include the Lexichem naming tool sold by Open Eye Software, Inc. and the Autonom Software tool sold by MDL, Inc. In the instance where the indicated chemical name and the depicted structure differ, the depicted structure will control.
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Claims (18)

The invention claimed is:
1. A compound according to Formula I:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00939
wherein
R1 is:
H,
C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R4 groups,
4-7 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl, —C(═O)C1-4 alkyl, or —C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
phenyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups,
phenyl fused to a 5-6 membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, which heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more ═O,
5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R5 groups;
R2 is independently selected from:
H,
OH,
C1-4 alkoxy, or
C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one
OH,
—CN,
C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one phenyl, or
5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected C1-4 alkyl;
each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from:
H, or
C1-4 alkyl;
Cy is
6-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic aryl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups,
5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups;
R4 is
halo,
OH,
—CN,
C1-4 alkyl,
C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl,
C1-4 thioalkoxy,
4-7-membered monocyclic heterocycloalkyl comprising one or more heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, or O, optionally substituted with one or more halo, or
—C(═O)OC1-4 alkyl,
phenyl,
—S(═O)C1-4 alkyl
—C(═O)OR7a
—C(═O)NR7bR7c
—NHC(═O)OR7d
—NHC(═O)R7e, or
—NR8aR8b;
each R5 is
halo,
OH,
—CN,
C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, —NR9aR9b, or —C(═O)NR9cR9d,
C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with —NR9eR9f, or
—S(═O)2C1-4 alkyl;
each R6 is
halo,
—CN,
—NO2,
—CH3,
5-10 membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic heteroaryl comprising 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, or S, optionally substituted with one or more independently selected halo, C1-4 alkyl, or C1-4 alkoxy, or
—NR9gR9h;
each R7a, R7b, R7c, R7d, or R7e, is
H, or
C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with OH, or C1-4 alkoxy;
each R8a, or R8b is independently selected from
H, or
C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with OH, C1-4 alkoxy, or phenyl;
each R9a, R9b, R9c, R9d, R9e, R9f, R9g, and R9h is independently selected from H, or C1-4 alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a solvate thereof; or a biologically active metabolite thereof;
provided that:
R1 and R2 are not simultaneously H, and
when R1 is Me, and R2 is H, then Cy is not
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00940
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate, or the salt of the solvate thereof.
2. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein the compound is Formula II:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00941
3. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein R1 is H.
4. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl.
5. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein R1 is C3-7 monocyclic cycloalkyl.
6. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein the compound is Formula IIIa or IIIb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00942
7. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein R2 is C1-4 alkyl.
8. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein the compound is Formula IVa or IVb:
Figure US09926281-20180327-C00943
9. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein each R3a, and R3b is independently selected from H or CH3.
10. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein Cy is 6-10 membered aryl, substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups.
11. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein Cy is phenyl substituted with one or more independently selected R6 groups.
12. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, wherein each R6 is F, Cl, CN, CH3, or NO2.
13. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein the compound is
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
(5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
(5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[2-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) piperazine-1-carbonyl]butyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
(S)-5-((S)-3-((S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)-5-(methoxymethyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-cyclopropyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
tert-butyl N-[2-[4-[3-[4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl]ethyl]carbamate,
(5S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
(5R)-5-[(2S)-3-[(3S)-4-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-[3-fluoro-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl]-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(4-chloro-3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-methyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
(5S)-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(4-chloro-3,5-di fluoro-phenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl) imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-cyclopropyl-5-[3-[4-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl) piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione,
5-[3-[4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(methoxymethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione, or
5-[3-[(3S)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-5-(2-pyridyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione.
14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a pharmaceutically effective amount of the compound according to claim 1.
15. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14, further comprising a second therapeutic agent.
16. The compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to claim 1, formulated as a medicament.
17. A method of treating and/or preventing an inflammatory condition, and/or disease involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1.
18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising administering to the subject in need thereof, a therapeutic agent effective in preventing and/or treating an inflammatory condition, and/or disease involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
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US20180258052A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2018-09-13 Galapagos Nv 5-[(piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as adamts inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis
US10487060B2 (en) * 2014-12-22 2019-11-26 Galapagos Nv 5-[(piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis
US10941117B2 (en) 2014-12-22 2021-03-09 Galapagos Nv 5-[(piperazin-l-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis
US11718588B2 (en) 2014-12-22 2023-08-08 Galapagos Nv 5-[(piperazin-1-yl)-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis
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US10829478B2 (en) * 2016-06-09 2020-11-10 Galapagos Nv 5-[3-[piperazin-1-yl]-3-oxo-propyl]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as ADAMTS 4 and 5 inhibitors for treating e.g. osteoarthritis

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