US991186A - Valve-motion. - Google Patents

Description

VALVE MOTION. APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 18, 1911.'

Patented May 2, 1911.

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Attorneys me nomas vergas c., wasmmmm, v. c.

SAMUEL B. ADAMS, OF MANCHESTER, GEORGIA.

FFC.

'VALVE-MOTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL B. ADAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Manchester, in the county of Meriwether and State of Georgia, have invented a new and useful Valve-Motion, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to steam engines and more especially to the valve motion employed therein; and the object of the same is to improve the construction of the valves whereby steam is alternately admitted to and exhausted from the cylinder by the positive shifting of said valves.

To this end the invention consists in the details hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and as shown in the drawing which represents a vertical sectional view of this invention connected up with an air pump, as showing one of the uses to which it may be put.

In the said drawing the letter A designates the casing of the air pump, although it will be understood that it could be any other piece of machinery which is driven by the reciprocation of the piston 'rod R which is connected with the piston P as usual. The latter moves longitudinally within a cylinder C having heads H into which are preferably screwed cups or sockets S containing the valves V and the cylinder has an inlet I for live steam and an exhaust E for dead steam. All these features form no part of the present invention, whose details I will now describe.

The construction of the valves and of the ports are duplicated at the opposite ends of the cylinder C, and hence a description of one end thereof will suffice for both. As shown, the valve body 5 is of a size to reciprocate within an opening 6 within the head H, and it is enlarged and flanged at its outer end as at 7 and of a size to reciprocate within the bore 8 of the socket S which latter is by preference screwed as at 9 into the head H so as to be removed therefrom for the purpose of taking out the valve. At the inner end of the body 5 it has an extension l() projecting inward through an extension opening 11 in the head H into the interior of the cylinder C, and the length of this extension is such that when the piston I' reaches one extreme of its movement as shown at the top of the drawing, it contacts with the extension and lifts the valve V by which means each valve is automatically and positively moved in one direction. The inner end of the opening 6 in the head H constitutes a chamber 12 which is opened by the rise of the valve as shown at the top of ligure 7, and this chamber communicates by means of an inlet port 18 with the interior of the cylinder. Hence when the valve is raised, live steam owing through the inlet passage 111 enters the side of the chamber l2 (as it may now do because the body 5 of the valve has been raised) and passes thence through the port 13 into the cylinder above the piston, which latter is therefore caused to descend.

Through the body of the valve there is formed an oblique port 20, one end of which is directed downward and at this time communicates with the chamber 12 which is full of live steam, and the other end of which is directed laterally outward and at this time communicates wit-h the extremity 2l of a by-pass port 22 which is cored through the wall of the cylinder C and extends from this end thereof to the other end, where its remote extremity enters the side of the bore 8 in the other socket S. Hence the live steam now passes through the oblique port 20, through the by-pass 22, and into the space beneath the lower valve V so that the latter is caused to rise and is held raised as shown. The numeral 220 designates another by-pass port cored through the wall of the cylinder the same as the first one, excepting that its lower extremity communicates with the side of the opening 6 in the lower head of the cylinder, and its upper extremity opens into the bore of the upper socket S or in other words its extremities are reversed in position from those of the first-described by-pass port 22. IVith the two valves standing in the positions indicated and just described, the second by-pass doing nothing.

Formed through each valve is an outlet port 30 whose outer extremity 31 opens through the outer end of the valve and whose inner extremity 32 through its side at a point nearer to its extension 10 than theside opening of the oblique port 20 above described.

The numeral 34 designates an outlet passage cored through the cylinder C and both heads H and communicating at both extremities 35 with the sides of the openings 6 in which the bodies of the valves reciprocate; its center or some point between its extremities being connected as at 3G with the exhaust as designated by the letter E. With the valves in the position shown, the upper extremity of t-his passage 34 communicates with the space above the upper valve by means of the outlet port 30 through the latter, while the lower extremity of the said outlet passage 34 communicates through the oblique port in the lower valve with the interior of the cylinder below the piston P.

A description of the operation of this .device may be taken up `at this point, 1t being obvious that the piston is about to descend. The upper valvehaving been raised, live steam is admitted at the point 14 and passes inward through the port 13 upon the top of the piston P which is therefore forced downward; and in its descent the dead steam is driven out of the lowermost port 131, passes through the oblique port in the lowermost v-alve V, and linds its exit through the outlet passage 34 and thc exhaust E. The piston P now moves downward within the cylinder C, and when it strikes the extension 10 of the lowermost valve the latter is depressed until it assumes the position shown in the drawings with respect to the upper piston and just opposite to the position shown with respect to the lower. In this movement, the outer end of its oblique port passes iirst out of register with the outlet passage 34 so that for an instant the exhaust steam within the cylinder has no escape, and then said outer end passes into register with the by-pass port 220 and the trapped (and partly compressed) exhaust steam is driven up this port, and the uppermost valve and the latter causes it to descend quickly so that it then occupies the position shown in the drawings with respect to the lowermost valve. Of course this does not happen until the piston P has reached its lowermost position within the cylinder, and it is just at this moment that a reversal of the position of both valves is desired. As the lowermost valve continues its descent, its inlet port 131 is thrown into communication with the lower end of the inlet passage 14 the upper end of which has been cut olf from the inlet port 13 and the top of the cylinder, and therefore the inrush of live steam is switched so that it is now supplied beneath the piston to cause the latter to rise again.

As hitherto stated, this improved valve motion may be used in almost any type of engine, and the same employed to do almost any kind of work. A striking feature of advantage which my invention possesses, is the fact that by removing either socket S (which I have purposely threaded into the heads H to permit their removability) its contained valve can be withdrawn instantaneously for repair or cleaning or grinding.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. ln a valve motion for steam engines, the combination with the cylinder and its heads, each having an opening through it communieating at its inner end with the end of the cylinder and enlarged and closed at its outer end, the ports having the following pas sages: an inlet cored from a common point to the sides of said openings near their inner ends, inlet ports extending thence into the ends of the cylinder, an outlet passage cored from a common exhaust to the sides of the said openings at points farther from the center of the cylinder than the ends of said inlet passage, and two complementary by-pass ports each leading from a point at the juncture of the body and the enlarged part of one opening into the outer end of the other opening; of a valve in eachv opening whose body lits the body of the same, whose inner end has an extension projecting into the cylinder, and .whose outer end is enlarged to lit the enlarged portion of said opening, the valve being cored with an oblique port and a second port the former con'- necting the inlet with one bypass when the latter connects the outlet passage with the outer end of said opening and hence with the other bypass, a piston reciprocating within said cylinder, and adapted at opposite extremes of its strokes to strike said eX- tensions on the valves, and a rodleading from the cylinder.

2. In a valve motion for steam engines, the combination with the cylinder and its heads, each having an opening through it communicating at its inner end with the end of the cylinder and enlarged at its outer end, a socket removably inserted in said outer end and whose bore is larger than that of said opening, the ports having the following passages: an inlet cored from a coinmon point to the sides of said openings near their inner ends, inlet ports extending thence into the ends of the cylinder, an outlet passage cored from a common exhaust to the sides of the said openings at points farther from the center of the cylinder than the ends of said inlet passage, and two complementary by-pass ports each leading from a point at the juncture of the body land the enlarged part of one opening into the outer end of the other opening and through the side of its socket; of a valve in each opening whose body lits the body of the same, whose inner end has an extension projecting into the cylinder, and whose outer end is enlarged to fit the enlarged portion of said opening within said socket, the valve being cored with an oblique port land a second port the former connecting the inlet with one ley-pass when the latter connects the In testimony that I claim the foregoing as outlet passage with the outer end of said my own, I have hereto aixed my signature opening and hence with the other by-pass, a in the presence of two Witnesses.

piston reciprocating Within said cylinder, SAMUEL B. ADAMS. and adapted at opposite extremes of its Witnesses:

strokes to strike said extensions on the T. W. BURNS,

Valves, and a rod leading from the cylinder. JAMES T. MOWRER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ID. C.

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