US987902A - Apparatus for producing ozone. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

27 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor I v Atzmeys.

c. D. MEEKBR. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OZONE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.4, 1910.

- tion'onthe line 2-2 of 1.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLIFFORD.ID. MEEKER, EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB 'IO GERARD OZONE PROCESS COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

.arrnnnrus ron rnonucme 'OZONE. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 4, 1910, Serial N 0.. 575,398.

To all whom it may concern:v

. Be it known that I, CLIFFORD D. Mnnxnn,

a. citizen of the United States. of America,

residing in East Orange, Essex county, State of New Jersey, have inventeda certain new and useful Apparatus for Producing Ozone,-

appear from consideration of the embodime'fit'of my invention set forth in the following specification and In the rawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of an ozonizing apparatus embodying my invention, a portion of the view being taken on the line 11'of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sec- Fig. 3 is a detail, partly in section, showing connec-' tions between one end of the bus bar, and the lead of the high tension circuit. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a detail section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a detail section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

In all of the views, like parts are designated by the same reference characters.

According to my invention I provide elements, each of which comprises a pair of concentric tubes of suitable dielectric material, the inner tube having a lining of tin foil, and the outer'tube a covering of tin foil. These two cylinders of tin foil are connected to theterminals of'the high tension circuit.

The outer tube, which is closed at its bottom end, is immersed in a bath of oil,

and air is caused to pass, in one direction,

through the inner tube and then in the oppfite direction through the annular space ween the two tubes. In this annular space the high tension dischar e takes place and converts a portion of t e air .with ozone which passes out'into the remaining air.

My invention is an improvement on the apparatus disclosed inthe co-pending appliaccompanying drawingsconsidered together or separately' cation of Leon Gerard-filed August 1, 1907,

Serial No. 386,659;

According to my invention, the entire apparatus is contained within a receptacle or Patented Mar. 28, 1911;

tank 1, which may bemade' of metal, filled with a bath 2 of oil ofsu'itable character, such as that .which is known in the trade as Mineral Seal. This'tank is closed at the top witha cover 3, of insulating material, preferably slate or stone; and all of the elements of the apparatus are supported upon and suspended from this-cover. "A box or casing' t, preferably of aluminum, is bolted upon this cover, and has, in turn, a cover 5, preferably of glass, so that the inner portions of the apparatus may be observed at all times. This cover is provided with a rim ,6, which rests upon the upper edge of the box 4,"and a close joint is made therein by beeswax or other suitable materiah On one end of the box 4 is the air inlet 7 and opposite on the same'end is the ozone outlet:

8. On the op site 'end of thebox are the attachments or the high tension circuit, which will be described later. i

In the embodiment of my invention chosen for illustration'there are ten sets of tubes. Each set is composed of an outer tube 9, of glass or other suitable dielectric, closed at the bottom and expanded adjacent to the top, as, shown. The inner tube 10 extends int'o the outer tube andis, open at both ends,

the lower extremity .being contracted, as

showm The outer tube is covered for a certain port-ion of its length with a layer of tin foil 11, or other suitable conducting material, -while the inner surface of the inner tube is covered with a layer-of tin foil 12, or other suitable conducting material. The high tension circuits are connected to these tin foils, andthe silent discharge passes across the space between the inner and outer tubes. The air pawes through this space, and also through the inner tube. The direction of the passage of the air is immaterial, but in the embodiment of the invention chosen for illustration the air passes 'down through the inner tube first and then up through the space between the two, tubes.' The purpose ,of reducing the lower extremity of the inner tube andexpanding the outer tube near.

the "top, is to cause a, separation of the tinand thereby to prevent a concentration of Each box is open at the top, and has 1 opening in the bottom slightly larger than the outer tube. The tube is connected Within this opening by cement or beeswax 14, to make a tight joint. The bottom ofthe box is also'p'rovided with a shoulder which 1 rests upon the top of the cover 3, and with a neck 16 which enters the opening in theco'ver, the space between the 'neckand the edge of the opening being filled with beeswax or cement, as shown. The covers 17 of 20 the boxes 13 are all alike. They have central openings and necks 18. The upper extremities of the inner tubes are connected to these necks by cement or beeswax as shown. These covers rest upon the boxes, and a tight joint is -made with the upper face-of the box and the lower face of the cover, by cement or beeswax, as shown. These ten boxes, in the embodiment of my invention chosen for illustrTt'ifi'rT are connected-together. It is apparent that since the upper extremities of the inner tubes are open and'tsince such tubes pass through the openings in the covers 17 of the boxes 13, they will be open to the interior of the casing 4. The air entering this casing through the opening 7 will pass through all ofthe tubes in multiple. The boxes 13 are connected together so that the ozone which is produced in the annular space between the two tubes and flows upward will 1111 P s throughthe ozone outlet 8. By this means the ozone conneotions'can be kept entirely separate from the. air connections. The

' boxes 13 as shown are arranged in two rows,

of five each. The boxes at the sides and in each row communicate. The two boxes on the extreme ends of the rows opposite to the outlet and inlet also communicate. This requires but two forms of boxes, namely,-- the 'two boxes on the ends are angle .boxes,

while the other boxes have openings in ops.

posite sides. The box adjacent to the air inlet 7, as shown, is closed at one side, but it is apparent that a box similar to the others may be used and closed with a cover. The boxes are provided with openings 19,

in their sides, and surrounding the openings are necks 20. The abutting faces of the two boxes adjacent to the necks are pro-- vided with either rubber gaskets or beeswax.

The necks are clamped together by metal bands 21,which are tightenedup by a bolt 22, giving suflicient mechanical strength. The two boxesopposite the entrance and air inlet and ozone outlet are connected together :in the same way at the sides, as shown in Fig. 1. This will produce a continuous passage through the boxes 13, to the exit 8. An advantage of this construction is that by disconnecting the bolt 22 and the metal band 21 at any box, it may be lifted out without disturbing the others, and the tubes or other parts of the apparatus Within or attached to the tubes may be repaired or replaced.

. The electric connections are as follows; The connections for the inner tubes compri se the conductor 23,-which passes through the insulator 24 andconnects to the bus bar 25, such bus bar lying within the casing 4. One end of the bus bar is supported by the insulator, the other end by an insulating bracket 26. The connection of the bus bar with the conductor 23 is shown in Fig. 3, the conductor having a threaded extremity .which engages with a threaded socket on .the bus .bar, the two being screwed together. vThisp roduces a connection without points, thereby "preventing electric leakage. The connections to the inner tubes from the bus bar comprise the conductors 27, of wire, which are arranged, in pairs, the ends of the wire passing down and entering opposite tubes as shown in Fig. 1, the bight of the wire being coiled several times-around the bus bar to avoid points. The greater part ofthe length of the wire is incased in an insulating cover 28, which may be glass for stifiness. The lower end of the conductor .is.provided with an elastic cage 29, which makes mechanical and electrical contact with the inner tin foil 12 of the inner tube, the stiff cover 28 permitting introduction of the cage into the tube. By the construction described, it is apparent that the bus bar may be readily removed, the cover 5 of the casing 4 being first removed,-and that the contacts for each tube maybe separately adjusted. The insula'tor 2 1 is held in position bymeans of a plate 30, attached to the outside of the casing 4 by bolts, as shown, and engaging with the insulator, that portion of the insulator lying outside of the plate being smaller than the opening in the casing, so that the insulator maybe withdrawn by being first introduced into the casing. The

plate 30 is best made in a plurality of parts, so that it may be removed. The joint between the insulator and casing is filled with cement orbeeswax; The electrical connec- "tion' with. the foil on the "outer! tube con prises the conductor31 which passes through the insulator 32 on the cover 3 of the tank 1,1and connects with the bus bar 33 below the level of the oil.

from the cover. 3 upon insulators 34. This "bus bar is of rectangular cross-section,'preferably as shown in Fig 4, the support being in the form of a clip and being clamped to the bar by a bolt 35. A band or ring 36, of .metal, is attached to each outer tube at about This bus" bar is supported the level of the bus bar 33. This band is .with the tin foil 11 The whole is secured in position by tape 40, whichmay be also wound over all of the tin foil on the outer tube to prevent-the same from abrasion when the tube is being introducedor removed. The direct connections between the-bus bar 33 and the lip 38 are made by means of spring contacts 41, which enter under the lip 38 and come in contact with the connector 39. These spring contacts are arranged in pairs, as shown in Fig. 4, for engagement with the opposite outer tubes.

"An insulating ring 42, with a plurality of fingers as shown in Fig. 6, surrounds the inner tube and mechanically centers the lower end of the inner tube within the outer tube. This ring may be made of fiber'or any insulating material to prevent creepage.

Forthe purpose of securingthe secondary condenser effect as described in' the Gerard application above identified, and also for the purpose of increasing the circulationof the oil, I inclose each outer tube' with a metal shell 43, preferably of steel or iron. These shells are open at the top and bottom and concentrically surround the outer tubes 9. They are about as long and as deep as the tin foil on the outer tube. These shells are connected together by channel irons 44, and straps 44 and are supported, by insulators 45, from the cover 3. These insulators, as shown in Fig. 4, comprise blocks of insulating material 46, the lower ends being connected to the strap 44*, and the upper extremities of the blocks being secured to bolts 47. These bolts have threaded lower extremities, the threads be ing below the surface of the o-il. Brackets 48 on the blocks, with openings for the bolts, are provided, and nuts are'set up above and below the brackets. By this construction,

the position of the insulator can be adjust ed vertically, the bolts serving the additional purpose of securing the casing 4 in position.

For this purpose, the bolts are provided with shoulders 49, which are made non-circular for the attachment of a wrench,.and with threaded upper extremities for attachment of nuts, as shown. Stub bolts are thus provided for attachment of the flange on the lower edge of the casing 4 to the cover 3.

I find it important to adjust the position of the shells in relation to the periodicity or alternations of the current. -This position is usually ascertained by experiment. An important function of the shell is to distribute the discharge and prevent its concentration on a point where the dielectric resistance of the glass is weak, or where there is a hole in the tube.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that the invention can be carried out in other ways.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is,' p

1. An ozone producing apparatus, which comprises a tank containing liquid insulation, and a cover of insulating material, ozonizing elements depending from the cover into the tank, and a casing above the cover and inclosing the upper-ends of the-elements.

2. An ozone apparatus which comprises a tank, a cover therefor, ozonizing elements supported by the cover, a casinginclosing the upper ends of the elements, a fluid passage communicating with the interior of the casing, a separate conduit box for each element, said boxes-being connected in series, and a fluid passage from the boxes through a wall of the casing.

3. An ozone apparatus which comprises a plurality of tubes arranged in concentric pairs, and a supporting conduit box for each pair with which the outer tube-communicates and through which the inner tube passes.

4. An ozone apparatus which comprises two concentric tubes, a conduit box connected at its bottom to the outer tube, a cover for the box, said cover being connected to the inner tube.

5. An ozone apparatus which comprises a plurality of pairs of tubes, each pair being concentrically arranged, a conduit box for each pair, said boxes being connected, and a support for the boxesfwhereby a single box may be removed without removing or disturbing the others.

6. An ozone apparatus having two sets of tubes, a conduit box for eachset, each box having a flanged opening, the openings being in coincidence and a band surrounding the joint.

7. An ozone apparatus comprising a plurality of pairs of tubes, open at the top and arranged in a double row, a bus bar between the rows, and a single connector for each pair of tubes supported at about its point of mid length from said bus bar and having its free ends entering the tubes.

8. An ozone apparatus having a plurality of tubes, a support therefor, a casing surrounding the upper ends of the tubes, a bus bar within the casing, an insulator on the casing, a conductor passing through the insulator, a smooth screw connection between the bu s bar and the conductor, and smooth rality ofozone producing elements within the tank, and a separate shell surroundin each element and removed therefrom an from the walls of the tank. 7

12. An ozone apparatus which comprises a tank containing liquid insulation, an ozone producing element within the tank, and a'- shell surrounding the element and removed therefrom, said shell being insulated from the tank. V

13. An ozone apparatus which comprises a tank, containingliquid insulation, an ozone producmg element within the tank, and a shell surroundin the element and removed therefrom, the shell .being open at top and bottom and entirely immersed in the liquid and-being insulated from said tank.

-14:. An ozone apparatus which has a tank, a shell within the tank and means for ad-. justing the vertical level of the shell within the tank.

' This specification signed and witnessed this 21st day of July,1910.

CLIFFORD Witnesses:

A. EIWARD, WM. H. CAIEL.

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