US9877234B2 - Apparatus and method for selecting voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for selecting voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity Download PDF

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US9877234B2
US9877234B2 US14/348,927 US201114348927A US9877234B2 US 9877234 B2 US9877234 B2 US 9877234B2 US 201114348927 A US201114348927 A US 201114348927A US 9877234 B2 US9877234 B2 US 9877234B2
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mobile communication
handover
action
packet switched
bearer
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US20140241321A1 (en
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Curt Wong
Jukka Ilari Hongisto
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Nokia Technologies Oy
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0022—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection for transferring data sessions between adjacent core network technologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1033—Signalling gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0022—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection for transferring data sessions between adjacent core network technologies
    • H04W36/00224—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection for transferring data sessions between adjacent core network technologies between packet switched [PS] and circuit switched [CS] network technologies, e.g. circuit switched fallback [CSFB]
    • H04W36/00226—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection for transferring data sessions between adjacent core network technologies between packet switched [PS] and circuit switched [CS] network technologies, e.g. circuit switched fallback [CSFB] wherein the core network technologies comprise IP multimedia system [IMS], e.g. single radio voice call continuity [SRVCC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to an apparatus and method for selecting voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • APN Access Point Name
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
  • eNB evolved NB
  • E-UTRAN evolved UTRAN
  • GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • MME Mobile Management Entity
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • PCC Policy and Charging Control
  • P-CSCF Proxy Call State Control Function
  • P-GW PDN Gateway
  • SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
  • S-GW Serving Gateway
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SRVCC Single Radio Voice Call Continuity
  • TMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • UE User Equipment
  • UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • the document shows call flows for the non DTM case and for the DTM case according to FIGS. 1 and 2 ( FIG. 1 : Access Transfer Preparation Alternative 5, non-DTM case; FIG. 2 : Access Transfer Preparation Alternative 5, DTM case).
  • the RNC/BSC sends a “HO required” message to the MSC Server including an indication that this HO is for rSRVCC. If the MSC Server is the target MSC, it forwards the “HO required” message to the anchor MSC Server.
  • the MSC Server sends a “SRVCC CS to PS HO request” message to the Target MME. If required, the IMSI is provided for identifying the UE.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Notification” message to the ATCF, e.g. a SIP “re-INVITE” or “INVITE” message, which indicates the ATCF that it should prepare for the transfer of media to PS.
  • the ATCF allocates media ports on the ATGW.
  • the media ports and codecs allocated by the ATCF are provided to the MSC Server in the response message. This step is independent of step 2. It is to be noted that the ATCF retrieves the ports/codecs received from the UE in its IMS registration.
  • the ATCF is able to correlate the IMS registration made by the UE and the one made by the MSC Server on behalf of the UE for instance based on the C-MSISDN or on the IMEI derived instance-id used by both those registrations. It is further to be noted that the Access Transfer Notification message could e.g., be implemented using an “INVITE” or other appropriate message. This is for further study.
  • the MME If the MME has no UE context it sends a “Context Request” message using P-TMSI and RAI to find the old SGSN.
  • the SGSN responds with “Context Response” message including all UE contexts.
  • the Target MME allocates resources in E-UTRAN.
  • a “SRVCC CS to PS HO response” message is returned from the target MME to the MSC Server.
  • the MSC Server sends a “HO required Ack” message to the RAN, possibly via the target MSC, and the RAN sends a “HO command” to UE, indicating CS to PS handover.
  • the MSC Server also includes in that message the IP address/ports and selected codecs for the ATGW.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message, e.g. a SIP “re-INVITE” or “PRACK” message, to the ATCF to trigger the ATCF/ATGW to have the media path switched to the IP address/port of the UE on the target access.
  • an ATCF without media anchored in ATGW the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message to ATCF and the media path between ATCF/ATGW and the MSC Server/MGW is to be established.
  • the UEs send a “Handover confirmation” message to the eNB.
  • the eNB sends a “Handover Notify” message to the MME.
  • the MME sends a “Modify Bearer Request” message to the SGW, which is forwarded to the PGW to update PS bearer contexts.
  • the MME sends the “Acknowledgment to the Context Response” message to the SGSN.
  • the voice media is started directly. It is to be noted that during a short period of time prior the RAT has been changed and the new bearer has been established, the media will be sent over the default bearer.
  • the UE initiates the session continuity procedures according to clause 6.3.3.8 of the specification document TR 23.885 (version 1.4.0) towards the ATCF.
  • the bearer setup is performed (initiated by the P-CSCF).
  • the voice media is sent in the dedicated bearer.
  • the step 1 is the same as described above with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • steps 2 and 3 are the same as described above in connection with FIG. 1 .
  • the Source SGSN sends “Relocation Request” message to the target MME.
  • the Target MME allocates resources in E-UTRAN.
  • a “relocation response” message is returned to the Source SGSN.
  • the Source SGSN sends a “HO Required Ack” message to RAN.
  • steps 7 to 11 are the same as described above in connection with FIG. 1 .
  • the MME sends a “Forward relocation Complete” message to the old SGSN.
  • the MME sends a “Modify Bearer Request” message to the SGW which is forwarded to the PGW to update PS bearer contexts.
  • steps 14 to 17 are again same as described above in connection with FIG. 1 .
  • the UE is using CS bearer in 2G or 3G CS access for voice media, but UE has also PDP context used for IMS registration and SIP/XCAP signalling.
  • the used PDP context is Primary PDP context to IMS APN (wherein it is to be noted that a Primary PDP context cannot have TFT).
  • SRVCC from 2G/3G CS to LTE is triggered by source radio and UE is handed over to LTE (above steps 1 to 10) and CS bearer is released.
  • the network creates, based on the IMS voice session negotiation, a dedicated EPS bearer including QCI 1, GBR/MBR and voice media packet flow information (see steps 15-16 above).
  • the UE puts voice media into established dedicated bearer for uplink direction.
  • the P-GW maps downlink traffic (step 16-17).
  • the object is accomplished by an apparatus, comprising handover processing means configured to perform a handover response action of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; resource allocation means configured to perform a resource allocation action of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and controlling means configured to perform a command action of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, and to control the handover processing means and the resource allocation means to operate such that the command action is performed after the resource allocation means performed the resource allocation action and before the handover processing means performs the handover response action.
  • this apparatus may be suitable for controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • an apparatus comprising a handover processor configured to perform a handover response action of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; a resource allocation processor configured to perform a resource allocation action of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and a controller configured to perform a command action of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, and to control the handover processor and the resource allocation processor to operate such that the command action is performed after the resource allocation processor performed the resource allocation action and before the handover processor performs the handover response action.
  • Modifications of the second aspect may correspond to the modifications of the first aspect.
  • the object is accomplished by a system comprising the apparatus according to the first or second aspect; and the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call.
  • the system according to the third aspect may be suitable for controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity can be configured to set a timer for the temporarily allowing passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, and to revoke the allowing after expiration of the timer.
  • the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity can be configured to revoke the temporarily allowing passing through after noting setup of a dedicated bearer for voice media after handover of the mobile communication call.
  • the command action can include an indication of uplink and downlink media addresses and port numbers and the restriction of the temporarily allowing to packet traffic with a destination identified by such indicated uplink and downlink media addresses and port numbers.
  • the object is accomplished by a mobile management entity comprising the apparatus according to the first or second aspect or a modification thereof.
  • the object is accomplished by a method, comprising performing a handover response action of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; performing a resource allocation action of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and performing a command action of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, wherein the command action is performed after the resource allocation action and before the handover response action.
  • the method according to the fifth aspect may be suitable for controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the method can further comprise setting a timer for the temporarily allowing passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, and revoking the allowing after expiration of the timer.
  • the method can further comprise revoking the temporarily allowing passing through after noting setup of a dedicated bearer for voice media after handover of the mobile communication call.
  • the performing a command action can include indicating uplink and downlink media addresses and port numbers and restricting the temporarily allowing to packet traffic with a destination identified by such indicated uplink and downlink media addresses and port numbers.
  • the object is accomplished by a computer program product comprising computer-executable components which perform, when the program is run on a computer performing a handover response action of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; performing a resource allocation action of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and performing a command action of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, wherein the command action is performed after the resource allocation action and before the handover response action.
  • the computer program product according to the sixth aspect may be suitable for controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the computer program product according to the sixth aspect may be embodied as a computer-readable storage medium.
  • an apparatus comprising handover processing means configured to perform a handover request action of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover by a radio access network controller entity; access transfer processing means configured to perform a notification action of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway, and to perform an obtaining action of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function; and controlling means configured to control the handover processing means and the access transfer processing means to operate such that the access transfer processing means performs both the notification action and the obtaining action after the indication of required handover is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the handover processing means performs the handover request action, and to control the handover processing means to include information on the allocated media ports into the request to the mobile management entity.
  • this apparatus may be suitable for creating and controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • an apparatus comprising a handover processor configured to perform a handover request action of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover by a radio access network controller entity; an access transfer processor configured to perform a notification action of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway, and to perform an obtaining action of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function; and a controller configured to control the handover processor and the access transfer processor to operate such that the access transfer processor performs both the notification action and the obtaining action after the indication of required handover is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the handover processor performs the handover request action, and to control the handover processor to include information on the allocated media ports into the request to the mobile management entity.
  • Modifications of the eighth aspect may correspond to the modifications of the seventh aspect.
  • the object is accomplished by a system comprising the apparatus according to the seventh or eighth aspect; a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity; and the mobile management entity, wherein the mobile management entity is configured to use the information on the allocated media ports to create a dedicated bearer for voice media after handover of the mobile communication call with the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity.
  • the system according to the ninth aspect may be suitable for creating and controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the mobile management entity can be configured to provide a traffic flow template for the dedicated bearer to the user equipment.
  • the object is accomplished by a mobile services switching center comprising the apparatus according to the seventh or eighth aspect or a modification thereof.
  • the object is accomplished by a method, comprising performing a handover request action of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover by a radio access network controller entity; performing a notification action of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway; and performing an obtaining action of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function, wherein both the notification action and the obtaining action are performed after the indication of required handover is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the performing of the handover request action, and information on the allocated media ports is included into the request to the mobile management entity.
  • the method according to the eleventh aspect may be suitable for creating and controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the method can further comprise using the information on the allocated media ports by the mobile management entity to create a dedicated bearer for voice media after handover of the mobile communication call with a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity.
  • the method can further comprise providing a traffic flow template for the dedicated bearer by the mobile management entity to the user equipment.
  • the object is accomplished by a computer program product comprising computer-executable components which perform, when the program is run on a computer performing a handover request action of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover by a radio access network controller entity; performing a notification action of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway; and performing an obtaining action of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function, wherein both the notification action and the obtaining action are performed after the indication of required handover is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the performing of the handover request action, and information on the allocated media ports is included into the request to the mobile management entity.
  • the computer program product according to the twelfth aspect may be suitable for creating and controlling voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity.
  • the computer program product according to the twelfth aspect may be embodied as a computer-readable storage medium.
  • FIG. 1 shows a known access transfer preparation alternative for the non-DTM case
  • FIG. 2 shows the known access transfer preparation alternative for the DTM case
  • FIG. 3 shows an apparatus according to certain embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an apparatus according to other certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a method according to still other certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a method according to still other certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows an implementation example according to still other certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows another implementation example according to still other certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • selecting voice bearer in reverse single radio voice call continuity i.e. CS to PS call continuity
  • cellular communication networks as e.g. based on LTE or LTE-Advanced
  • these exemplary embodiments are not limited for use among these particular types of wireless communication systems, and according to further exemplary embodiments, the present invention can be applied also to other types of communication systems and access networks in which selecting a voice bearer in CS to PS handover call continuity is to be implemented and optimized.
  • certain embodiments of the present invention relate to mobile wireless communication systems, such as 3GPP LTE and 3GPP LTE-Advanced.
  • certain embodiments of the present invention are related to the configuration of an LTE MSC and components thereof and an LTE MME and components thereof, or the like.
  • the present invention is not limited to MSC and MME, but other embodiments of the present invention are related to switching network nodes and components thereof.
  • FIG. 3 shows a principle configuration of an example for an apparatus 1 according to certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • One option for implementing this example for an apparatus according to certain embodiments of the present invention would be a component in a MME according to LTE.
  • the example for an apparatus 1 comprises a handover processor 32 configured to perform a handover response action of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; a resource allocation processor 33 configured to perform a resource allocation action of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and a controller 31 configured to perform a command action of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, and to control the handover processor 32 and the resource allocation processor 33 to operate such that the command action is performed after the resource allocation processor 33 performed the resource allocation action and before the handover processor 32 performs the handover response action.
  • FIG. 4 shows a principle configuration of an example for an apparatus 2 according to certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • One option for implementing this example for an apparatus according to certain embodiments of the present invention would be a component in a MSC according to LTE.
  • the example for an apparatus 2 comprises a handover processor 42 configured to perform a handover request action of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover by a radio access network controller entity; an access transfer processor 43 configured to perform a notification action of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway, and to perform an obtaining action of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function; and a controller 41 configured to control the handover processor 42 and the access transfer processor 43 to operate such that the access transfer processor 43 performs both the notification action and the obtaining action after the indication of required handover is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the handover processor 42 performs the handover request action, and to control the handover processor 42 to include information on the allocated media ports into the request to the mobile management entity.
  • a handover processor 42 configured to perform a handover
  • FIG. 5 shows a principle flowchart of an example for a method according to certain embodiments of the present invention. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 , this method comprises performing a handover response action S 53 of generating a response to a mobile services switching entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to a request for handover by the mobile services switching entity; performing a resource allocation action S 51 of allocating resources for the packet switched mobile communication; and performing a command action S 52 of commanding a packet switched mobile communication gateway entity as target of the handover of the mobile communication call to temporarily allow passing through of real time protocol and real time protocol control protocol based packets on a bearer set as default bearer in the packet switched mobile communication gateway entity, wherein the command action S 52 is performed after the resource allocation action S 51 and before the handover response action S 53 .
  • One option for performing the example of a method according to certain embodiments of the present invention would be to use the apparatus 1 as described above or a modification thereof which becomes apparent from the embodiments as described herein below.
  • FIG. 6 shows a principle flowchart of an example for another method according to certain embodiments of the present invention. That is, as shown in FIG. 6 , this method comprises performing a handover request action S 64 of generating a request to a mobile management entity for a handover of a mobile communication call of a user equipment from circuit switched mobile communication to packet switched mobile communication in response to an indication of required handover S 61 by a radio access network controller entity; performing a notification action S 62 of notifying an access transfer control function to prepare for the transfer of media to packet switched mobile communication by allocating media ports on an access transfer gateway; and performing an obtaining action S 63 of obtaining the allocated media ports from the notified access transfer control function, wherein both the notification action S 62 and the obtaining action S 63 are performed after the indication of required handover S 61 is obtained from the radio access network controller entity and before the performing of the handover request action S 64 , and information on the allocated media ports is included into the request S 64 to the mobile management entity.
  • a handover request action S 64
  • One option for performing the example of another method according to certain embodiments of the present invention would be to use the apparatus 2 as described above or a modification thereof which becomes apparent from the embodiments as described herein below.
  • the IMS application must use the IMS well known APN as defined in PRD IR.88; any other application must not use this APN. A standardised QCI value of five (5) must be used for the default bearer. It is used for IMS SIP signalling.”
  • the PDN-GW would only allow packets related to IMS signalling (SIP and XCAP) to pass through and other types of packets are prevented.
  • This type of prevention is done by having a policy rule installed at the P-GW and possibly also signalled with a TFT to the UE.
  • a solution involves a temporary RTP flow based on MME indication.
  • This implementation example comprises the following:
  • PDN-GW i.e. PCEF
  • PCEF PCEF
  • the MME indicates to PDN-GW to allow RTP and RTCP packets to momentarily pass-through on the default bearer.
  • the P-GW can use a local timer to control the duration of how long the RTP/RTCP packets can traverse through.
  • the MME can also indicate to PDN-GW the UL and DL media IP address and/or port number so that P-GW only allows those RTP packet toward/from that destination to momentarily pass-through.
  • the MME can send a new RAT in “Modify bearers” (step 12 in FIG. 1 or step 13 in FIG.
  • the P-GW may also ask policy from PCRF. In this case, a timer is also needed because new RAT comes also in PS-PS HO case.
  • the MME can also send rSRVCC indication that tells to PGW to allow and disallow RTP/RTCP (i.e., no timer needed).
  • UE After rSRVCC, UE is sending voice media using the default bearer momentary as shown in step 14 in the figures and switches over to QCI-1 in steps 16-17.
  • the PDN-GW restricts the RTP via the default bearer either based on the local timer expiration or based on QCI-1 established.
  • the first implementation example follows the principles currently used by the specification TR 23.885 (version 1.4.0) where the QCI-1 bearer is created after UE has connected to E-UTRAN. It also provides a mechanism on how to address the “temporary user plane pass-through via QCI-5” issue which is missing in the specification TR 23.885 (version 1.4.0).
  • a solution involves a QCI-1 creation during rSRVCC by the MME.
  • This implementation example comprises the following:
  • steps 2 and 3 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is swapped.
  • the MSC Server is already aware of the DL IP address and port number that the UE is using for receiving media on the LTE side based on some NAS procedure which is not specified here in detail.
  • the MSC Server includes this DL/UL IP/port information to the MME. Thereafter, the MME can then use this information to create QCI-1 bearer with the PDN-GW and the TFT for this QCI-1 can be sent back to UE via “CS to PS HO response” (step 7 in FIGS.
  • the MME may also use modify bearer procedure to indicate the eNb information to S-GW to indicate the eNb information after step 6 of FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the UE is sending voice media on the dedicated voice bearer (QCI-1) and there is no need to swap the media from default to QCI-1.
  • the second implementation example does not impose any special restriction on default bearer.
  • the UE can immediately use the QCI-1 bearer for voice after rSRVCC which may provide a better user experience.
  • the second implementation example also does not require the MSC server to append the UL media IP/port information to UE during the CS to PS HO command in step 8a of FIGS. 1 and 2 which is normally not a function of the MSC or the source side.
  • the second implementation example also allows target Nb/eNb to reject this handover if the radio resources corresponding to PS voice media (QCI-1) is not fulfilled (i.e, during congesting).
  • QCI-1 PS voice media
  • This indication allows the source side to maintain the CS voice call and to reattempt the Handover at a later time or to another target cell.
  • This type of implementation maintains the typical handover principle where the target side reserves the needed radio and core resources before granting the handover request to the source side.
  • FIG. 7 shows a call flow for SRVCC from GERAN/UTRAN to E-UTRAN without DTM support according to the second implementation example.
  • the BSC/RNC sends a “HO required” message to the MSC Server including an indication this HO is for rSRVCC. If the MSC Server is the target MSC, it forwards the “HO required” message to the anchor MSC Server.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Notification” message to the ATCF, e.g. a SIP “re-INVITE” or “INVITE” message, which indicates the ATCF that it should prepare for the transfer of media to PS.
  • the ATCF allocates media ports on the ATGW.
  • the media IP/ports and codecs allocated by the ATCF for the UL direction are provided to the MSC Server in the response message.
  • the MSC Server sends a SRVCC “CS to PS HO request” message to the Target MME.
  • This message includes the voice media for PS bearer (i.e., ATGW's media IP/ports and UE's ports and codec). If required, the IMSI is provided for identifying the UE.
  • the MME If the MME has no UE context it sends a “Context Request” message using P-TMSI and RAI to find the old SGSN.
  • the SGSN responds with a “Context Response” message including all UE contexts.
  • the MME creates the QCI-1 bearer with codecs and IP/ports information of ATGW and UE with a “Create Session Request” message.
  • a “Create Session Response” message includes the TFT for QCI-1.
  • the Target MME allocates resources in E-UTRAN.
  • a SRVCC “CS to PS HO response” message is returned from the Target MME to the MSC Server including the TFT with QCI-1.
  • the MSC Server sends a “HO required Ack” message to the RAN, possibly via the Target MSC, and the RAN sends a “HO command” message to UE, indicating CS to PS handover.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message, e.g. a SIP “re-INVITE” or “PRACK” message, to the ATCF to trigger the ATCF/ATGW to have the media path switched to the IP address/port of the UE on the target access.
  • MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message to ATCF and the media path between ATCF/ATGW and the MSC Server/MGW is to be established.
  • the UEs send a “Handover confirmation” message to the eNB.
  • the eNB sends a “Handover Notify” message to the MME.
  • the MME sends a “Modify Bearer Request” message to the SGW, which is forwarded to the PGW to update PS bearer contexts which is then responded.
  • the voice media is started directly with QCI-1.
  • the UE initiates the session continuity procedures, e.g. according to specification TS 23.237 of 3GPP towards the ATCF.
  • FIG. 8 shows a call flow for SRVCC from GERAN/UTRAN to E-UTRAN with DTM HO support, including the handling of the non-voice component.
  • the BSC/RNC sends a “HO required” message to the MSC Server including an indication that this HO is for rSRVCC. If the MSC Server is the target MSC, it forwards the “HO required” message to the anchor MSC Server.
  • the UE In the DTM case the UE is active in PS domain, and the BSC/RNC sends also a “Relocation Required” message to source SGSN.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Notification” message to the ATCF, which indicates to the ATCF that it should prepare for the transfer of media to PS.
  • the ATCF allocates DL media ports on the ATGW.
  • the media IP/ports and codecs allocated by the ATCF are provided to the MSC Server in the response message.
  • the MSC Server sends a SRVCC “CS to PS HO request” message to the Target MME. If required, the IMSI is provided for identifying the UE.
  • the Source SGSN sends a “Relocation Request” message to the target MME.
  • the MME creates the QCI-1 bearer with codec and IP/ports info of ATGW and UE with a “Create Session Request” message.
  • a “Create Session Response” message includes the TFT for QCI-1.
  • the Target MME allocates resources in E-UTRAN.
  • a “relocation response” message is returned to the Source SGSN.
  • the Source SGSN sends a “HO Required Ack” message to RAN.
  • a SRVCC “CS to PS HO response” message is returned from the Target MME to the MSC Server including the TFT for QCI-1 bearer.
  • the MSC Server sends a “HO required Ack” message to the RAN, possibly via the Target MSC, and the RAN sends a “HO command” message to UE, indicating CS to PS handover.
  • the MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message, e.g. a SIP “re-INVITE” or “PRACK” message, to the ATCF to trigger the ATCF/ATGW to have the media path switched to the IP address/port of the UE on the target access.
  • MSC Server sends an “Access Transfer Preparation Request” message to ATCF and the media path between ATCF/ATGW and the MSC Server/MGW is to be established.
  • the UEs send a “Handover confirmation” message to the eNB.
  • the eNB sends a “Handover Notify” message to the MME.
  • the MME sends a “Forward relocation Complete” message to the old SGSN.
  • the MME sends a “Modify Bearer Request” message to the SGW which is forwarded to the PGW to update PS bearer contexts.
  • the voice media is started directly using the TFT on QCI-1.
  • the UE initiates the session continuity procedures according to specification TS 23.237 of 3GPP towards the ATCF.
  • certain embodiments of the present invention include MSC and MME equipment such as according to LTE/LTE-Advanced, but are not limited thereto.
  • exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide, for example from the perspective of a network element such as an MSC or MME or a component thereof, an apparatus embodying the same, a method for controlling and/or operating the same, and computer program(s) controlling and/or operating the same as well as mediums carrying such computer program(s) and forming computer program product(s).
  • Implementations of any of the above described blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques or methods include, as non limiting examples, implementations as hardware, software, for example in connection with a digital signal processor, an instruction set, firmware, special purpose circuits or application logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • Software or application logic or an instruction set may be maintained on any one of various conventionally available computer-readable media (which shall be understood as anything which can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport instructions in connection with an instruction execution system).
  • processor may, for example, additionally comprise or not comprise a memory (e.g., ROM, CD-ROM, etc.), and it may comprise a computer processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and/or other hardware components that have been programmed in such a way to carry out the described function.
  • a memory e.g., ROM, CD-ROM, etc.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the different functions discussed herein may be performed in a different order and/or concurrently with each other. Furthermore, if desired, one or more of the above-described functions may be optional or may be combined.

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