US98724A - Charles w - Google Patents

Description

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CHARLES W. WAILE'Y, oE NEW OELEANs. LoulsrANA, AssrcfNoR To NEW vORLEANS PNEUMATIo rNorELLINe COMPANY.

Letters Patent No. 98,7 24, dated canary 11, 1870.

CUT-OFF VALVE-GEAR. L

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

Nature and Objects of the Invention.

My invention consists of certain mechanical parts, peculiarly constructed and arranged, or combined together, with the object of regulating the cut-01T of the motor, whethercompressed air or steam, after it enters the cylinder, in such manner that the operator of the engine. may, at his pleasure, or whenever circumstances may-require'it, in an instant of time, change the cut-olffrom the point at which the expaib siveenerg'y of the motor, (compressed air, or steam, as 'the case may be,) constitutes nearly the whole force exerted to operate the engine,.to any other point, very nearly down to 'the end of the stroke of the piston, andthus be vable to apply 'the positive force of the motor inadd-ition to its expansive power, during the whole stroke,l or at any point short of the li'ull stroke, accordingly as the requirements o f the 'occasion may render the development and application of the whole powerA o t' the engine, or of any proportion of the same lesstlranl ther.whole, expedielglt or necessary.

My' invention Vis designed -for 'use in,` connection, especially with mypneu'matic'engine for the propulsionof street-railroad a-rs, and to operate the toggle-y valvcs secured to me by my said patent of the lth.

September, 186S,-`but it may obviously beemployed,y

without essential,modification of any.. of its parts,

croi" its general principles of operation, to many existing Well-known valves, and I reservethe right, accordingly, of applying'it to the operation of any other valve, it' I shall think proper to do so.

The' drawing presentsa side elevation of my inlveution, in 4connection with a pneumatic cylinder, which we may suppose to be on a street-car, for the propulsion oflt-he same. i

My invention will be; .better and more quickly derstoodV by reierring tothe drawing.

ce is the driving or crank-shaft, on which is placed the mitre or bevel-cog wheel, l), on the back or .rear face of which is permanentlysecured a wide, fiat bar, e, which, at oneoi" its extremities, is bent sowas to project at right angles, as shown atc', from the plane of` thebar lc proper', and then again downwardly, as

shown' 'at c", sutlicientlyto allow the double-incline block `jto he fixed transversely to it, as shown. At 4theoth'er extremity ot' the bar e, a similar incline block, t', is fixed, with its point or apex pointing in precise oppositionto that of bloc-k j.

The bar lc' and mitre-wheel b are mounted on ya will bringit in Contact with the sleeve, c', which, fitting loosely ou shaft a, permits then'rto rotate easily on said shaft, .whilst a collar, d, that is immovahly fixed in its place, in connection with the mitre-u-'heel e on the lower end ot' shaft H, prevents. said` wheel and bar from. having any longitudinal traverse motion, on said shaft (4,.. beyond 4 what lis requisite to thel easy working of the two mitre-wheels together. v

To further secure vthis end, I may-'fix on shaft c, acollar, similar to (l, at the opposite'end of sleeve a.

"lhe mitre-wheel e, on vthe end of shaft H, is held in thc variouspositions which determine the point of the cnt-ntl, through the agency ofother parts, to be presentlydescribed, by the crank g, which is supported on an arc, f, on..` which it rests, and is retained yinany'position that may be required, by means ofV -snitable notches. in the upper edge of said arc, as sho-wn.

On the main driving-shaft a is placed a disk-wheel,

'1, having. a diameter which will bring its periphery very near the section c" of the arni orbar o.

This wheel l is provided with a long, openhub or bearing, on, that terminates in a collar, m', which has a notch in it to receive a feather-key, 21,-'to corn- .pel its rotation with the shaft a, but yet at the same time to permit it to'have a reciprocatinglongitudinal trzwerse-motionon the shaft c. t

This wheel Zfcarries a friction-roller, l', near its peripher f, which is placed onv its axis in such Vmanner as to rotate at right angles, or perpendicularly, to the plane of thesaid wheehand at that poi-ut'which double inclinefplane blocks j and Y.

The roller I', in the practical operation of the .ma-

chine, impinging against said angular blocks ,j and yi, becomes the means, in connection with said blocks, ot"

actuating other parts, which, being directly connected with'the cnt-oivaires, give motion to the same, so as to cut on" the lnotorai'tcr entering the cylinder', atagreater or lesser' distance from the ports oi' induction, accordingly as a greateil or lesser measure ot the-positive force of the same is requisite to fuliil the requirements ot` the time and occasion, under the changing conditions to which the engine is subjected, what ever the special duty it is intended to perform; for we have seen that the wheel l is prevented' from revolving on the shaft a, by a feather-key, and that1 therefore, thcrollcr Z'must necessarily have a iixed posiA tion in relation to the craukA, on the end of that shaft, whatever that relative position maybe.

The best relation is to have the roller so placed that it `will occupy an exactly vertical position over .the centre ot' shai't (1., when thecrank A is at its lower dead-point, as shown by the drawings, because,

under this arrangement, any accidental dislocation or displacement of the parts will be more quickly discernible and rectified; but any relation will answer, provided only, it secures the shortest cutoii`, when the crank q -occupies one or the other ot' the terminating notches, in the traverse,- aro supporting-.K

lower endlof the bar I), which leads to and operates.

thecut-off, which I need not describe, since the same is fully described in my patent of September 15, 1868, to which I have already referred.

I now proceed to describe the action or operation of my invention, with reference to the valves dcscribed in said patent, although, as I have before remarked, it is equa-ily useful, and may be just as easily applied to other cut-oit" valves.

Referring to the drawing, we will suppose the p osi- -tion of the part-s in an engine in actual use toA be the same' thereupon represented, the crank being at the dead-point of the downward stroke.

The. crank g of the cut-ofi' is in the notch marked 1, and the lower induction-valvcon the right-hand side of the cylinder O, open. I

Now,y as the crank moves forward, the angular bloekj, on the bar c, comesin contact with the roller l', and forces the diskavheel l to the left, and,\with it, the pendent section of the rock-armo. This'clevates the horizontal section of said arm, and with it the rod I, and thus closes the valve c, before the piston has accomplished more than a few inches of its stroke, and, hence', leaves the expansive force lof the lcompressed air, gas, or steam to finish the stroke.

By changing t-he crank y from notch vl tothe last notch iny the other extremity of the supporting-arc f, the bar c is rotated suiiiciently toI carry the part'j around, to a point which will prevent the roller l', in consequenceof the relation of thc sameto crank A, from :coming in contact with it, and thus, through the intermediatemechanism, closing the cut-ott valve. until tbe .piston ofthe cylinder has accomplished nearly the w-boleof its stroke; so that-the positivel force of themotor is added to its expansive power, to drive the piston to that extent, which, obviously, will developa far greater power in the engine than would be the case it' the expansive energy of the motor were chiefly depended on to operate it.

To reduce the measure of the posit-ive or direct force of the motor, that is applied to any point 4of the stroke less than very nearly the whole of it, it is only necessary to move and fix the crank g in that intermediate notch between the two .outside notches in the supporting-arc f, which will cause the valve to close when the piston-head or follower -ha's reached the desired point inthe cylinder. Hence, it willgbe` perceived, my invention puts the control of the cutoff completely in the power of the engineer, and cnmake the cut-off at any point in the stroke of the piston which he pleases, and thus to economize the power of the engine to the lowest possible limit.-

.when employed as a motive-power, to that extent that the wholepi-iwer thatis contained in either, when is utilized andmade' available in'. practice.

` I am aware that several inventions have been made and patented, which propose to develop or bring into use the complete expansive power .of steam, .but they throttlelvalve, and there is no existing mechanical arrangen'ient, so far my knowledge extends, that. does develop this principle in point of fact, fully and completely.

To illustrate the value of my invention, I will suppose that I have in the boiler,ftank, or reservoir, a pressure to the square inch of three hundred pounds, and that to run my engine, I need only ten pounds to thesquare inch on the piston.

Non', to husband this excess of power, by letting oulyjust4 enough ofthe motor into `the cylinder to exert a pressure of ten pounds on theV piston by its expansive energy, to the end of its'st-roke, is what I accomplish hy my invention, in connection with my toggle-valves, which open instantlyto their widest extent, and hence admit the motor with its full force to start the piston on its stroke.

of a yoke, E, and'cam-rod'l", opens the valvesv and w inthe usual manner, whilst an arm, G', that is secured on the outer end of thepiston-rod, by means of a rod, G', operates the eduction or discharge-valves e'w'.

I claim, as my'iuvention- 1. The mitre-wheel b, and tiat bar c, in combination withthe disk-wheel andv its 'friction-roller l', when these-parts are constructed and arranged on the shaft c with respect to each other, and operate as described, for the purpose sctforth.

2. lhe above combination, in combination with tlie rock-arm o and rod P, as described, for the purpose set forth.

3 The shaft n, 4mitre-wheel b, armc, with its -double` incline-piane biocksand i., disk-wheel Z, rockarm o, and rod Ig, in combination with the mitrewheel'c, verticalrod H, crank g, and supporting-arc j,'when these parts are constructed,relatively an -ranged,"and'A operate as described,for the purpose set forth.

4. The-'above combinatiom'in combination with the eccentric I), yoke E, a-nd cam-rod F, as described, for the purpose set forth. A

5. -The con'ibinatipn audarrangement of the parts embraced in theforegoing claims, in combii'lation with the c'ut-offvalves of a steam or pnetnnatic cylinder," as herein described, for the purpose-setftbrth;

' C. NV. IVAIL'EY.

Vitnesses: l

'RUFUs R. RHODES, FnANKLI'N ROBERTS.

ables him, by a mere movement of the crank g, to'

The further advantage results correlatively frommy invention, that it brings` into'development andj; exercises the expansive principle in air, gas, or steam,y

at higher pressure than is needed to drive the engine,-

are all, when analyzed, mere modifications of the.

Aneccentric, I), on the driving-shaft a, by means

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