US984822A - Method of evaporating solutions. - Google Patents

Description

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S. M. LILLB; METHOD or E VAPOBATING SOLUTIONS. AlzPLIGL'XOH HLBD APB. 20, U07.

Patented Feb. 21,1

n-Ven tor'.

71M ML Giroux,

Y'215- concentrated.

BAUEL HOBIS LILLIE, 025! PHIIADELPHI, PENNSYLVANIA. v

' urrHoD or nvaronarmo soLnrzoNs.

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Specification o! Letters Patent.

rammedV Feb. 21, 1911.

application :nea Apro 2o, 19a?. serial no. seems.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL Monnis Ln.- Y un of the city and county of Philadelphia fau 'State of Pennsylvania, have invented li an Improvement in Methods of Evaporating Solution of which the following is a specifcation. 'y

Mynvention has reference to a method fonevaporating solutions vand consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification andv -shown in the accompanying drawings which 'form a part thereof. .4 The object of :5y invention is to utilize 1.6 the hot waste gases or products of combustion from furnaces'of boilers and other apparatus'fcr prodm'inge-preliminary heating of the fluid to be evaporated prior to its final treatment in a multiple efl'ect or other evap- I 29 orat'in or-concentrating-apparatus, whereby the ca oric of said waste gases or products of combustion or matters held in suspension or in gaseous form 'may be extracted and absorbed into the solution to be evaporated or My invention comprehends a method oftreating 'the liquor in which it is caused to .shower or spray through hot gases or products of combustion from the furnace of a' 30 boiler br other apparatus and become heated by 1 direct contact. with them, and subsequently treating the said heated liquor to evaporation by indirect heating.

My method further makes use of the said hot gases. or products o combustion to further heat the aforesaid directly heated liquor by indirect heating as in the first stage in the subsequent evaporation or concentration. y

40 My invention gfurther consists of the utilization of the sprayed liquor upon hot gases chargedwitb matters in suspension or'in v gaseous form to extract. the said matters and also the heat, hand subsequently subjecting fthe charged solution so produced to further heating or to concentration in a multiple effeet. evaporating apparatus.

My-invention may be employed in an apparatus comprising a vertical flue through which the/hot gases or products of combustion are caused to pass upwardly, combined with means for causing a downwardly traveling spray of fluid (through the 'said flue) whibe evaporated, and an evaporatin apparatelrlfor subjecting the directly heated 4 liquor -.to rn indirect further heating or evaporation by the same hot gases or products of combustion.-

My invention also comprehendsspecific operations which, together with the features above set forth, will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which is shown i apparatus. more or less diagrammatically, partly in section and partly in elevation,

adapted for carrying out the method embodying my invention. f

A represents an apparatus, such. as a steam boiler, from which hot gases'and products of combustion are secured, said gases and products passing through flue B, thence through the cvaporating tubes N of an evaporator C, then into a chamber D and 'from which they pass upwardl through the flue E to the atmosphere. I desired a forced draft may be maintained by an exhaust fan F at the upper end of the Vtlue E, which, fan may discharge into the atmosphere. The boiler or other apparatus A is provided with any of the usual furnaces or means for producing hot waste products of combustion or gases of any description. 'The evaporator C consists of a chamber having a series of @vapor-ating tubes N over which the liquor to be evaporated is caused to pass in spray or streams. Said liquors may be supplier. by a feed pipe L to a perforated pan M within the chamber and above the tube N; The hot vapors pass ofi' at the top of the chamberb),r pipe S and the liquor may be drawn off from the bottom circuitous passage is provided for the, up-

ward passage of the hot gases and products of combustion as indicated by the. arrows, and the liquor to be evaporated or condensed is caused to flow downward in a dense shower as indicated by the dotted lines. Such liquor as is not vaporized passes into the well J at bottom of the flue E and is subsequently subjected to further treatment.

The exhauster F maybe of any suitable oon struction. By its use the spray of liquor in the. flue F. may be very denseV and a rapid circulation of hot' gases and products of cmnbustion be maintained through it. I a tall chimney is available it is possible t-odrspense with the exhauster, but I prefer 1t 1n most cases. The cooled gases passfrom theexhauster at G. a

In raddition to cvaporating the liquor by the evaporatorl C, further evaporation may bc carried on by the evaporatiug apparatus l 'which may bc a single. or multiple eifect apparatus as preferred. In the illustration I have shown diagrammatieally a quadruple effect, to which the hot liquor from the evaporator C is supplied by pipe O to the first effect of the series and after concentration, is delivered by pipe R from the last effect. The vapors pass from effect to effeet in the usual manner and the vapors from the last effectof the series are condensed by the condenser Q.

From an examination of the arrangement of the parts of the apparatus as a whole it is evident that the evaporating apparatus C may be considered as the first effect of the entire evaporating apparatus though the heating is .not done by condensation of steam as in the ordinary multiple effect apparatus.

It will be observed that the first heating and evaporation of the liquor inthe 'flue E 'is by'dn'ect contact with the heating medium, and subsequent heating' and concentration by indirect heating. first by fines heated by hot noncondensablc gases and products of combustion and `tinally by in.

direct heating by hot condensable vapors such as steam.

The ordinary utilization of my invention in heating and evaporatingwater and for concentrating Ysolutions will be apparent from the foregoing explanations. I will, however, state a. specific use of my `invention in which not. 'only heating` and evaporation with concentration takes place but' this way placed in a condition by which it may be removed by filtration. The liquor is then pumped by pump K through the filter WanddeYered bv pipe L to the evapo- `ratorand subsequently passes by pipe O' to 'fthe multiple eect evaporating apparatus I in' which itlis concentrated. The liquor lsfpeie :t1-onus ixsitgnfitav matters after pass- Aiup,r throughithe filter so lthat not only is the.

liquorin fine condition f orconcentration but scale producing substances are kept out of the evaporating apparatus." This example of the use ofmy invention shows that -not only may it be employed for evapora-` Atien and also concentration, but also for elimination of suspended matters and matters in gaseous form, the latter being through the chemical aflinity between the gases in the liquor and the gases in the heating,r medium. Various other uses for my .invention in the industrial arts will be apparent to those skilled in such arts,

Primarily, my invention has 'utility in economy in that waste heat. is utilized as the means for raising' the liquor to be copcentrated to a luga degree of temperature before the final' concentration 1n steam heated single or nudtiple effect apparatus;

further. by this apparatus I am enabled to dispense entirely with the necessity of an external source of steam. Secondly. my" apparatus may he employed for washing hot gases of products held in suspension or in gaseous form and subsequently concentrating the said washing solution for obtaining the matter so extracted. There are many uses for my improved apparatus and hence I do not restrict myself to any special application of vmy invention, the application being` merely a secondary matter.

It is evident that. if desired. the liquor in the. evaporator or heater C may be maintained above the level ofthetubes; so as to be in direct contact therewith instead of allowing it to flow over the, tubes as hereiubefore described.

The apparatus shown is only intelidedas anillnstratiou of the combination of' elements making up a structure adapted for'- the proper carrying out of my improved method of heating: and evaporaringr, and for utilizingr the products of combustion from boilers and the like for heating and treating a liquid. and for concentrating.: the same by evaporation, and I do not confine or restrict myself to the details thereof.

I do not claimvthe apparatus herein described in this` application specifically. as the same forms subject matter of a divisional application, Serial No. 595,790, o'f 1907. i

Having nou' described my invention.\vhat I claim as new and desirdl to secure by Letters Patent, iszi. The method of heatingr and evaporatf ingr a liquid which consists of first spraying the liquid in a downwardly#descending stream. heating the descending liquid by an upward current of hot gases of combustion' with-which theliquid is brought into'direfct contact. miiecting the heated sprayed 'liquid, transferring the heatedliquid. to a sep- .arate receptacle, and then evaporating the escasa 1 4 y 3 liquid under partialvacuum by subecting it to the action of a multiple effect evaporating apparatus. y 2. The method othcating and evaporating a liquid which consists in causing the liquid to fall in spray form; heating the sprayed li uid to a high degree b direct contact wit i het gases from a. suitb e source passing upward through the sprayed liquid, collecting the' heated liquid and transferring it to a separate vessel and subjecting it in the said vessel to indirectlieating by the gases from the same source ofthe hot gases. "3. The method of transferring heat to a .Y liquid for evaporating it .which consists in p. spraying the liquid in a downward shower, passing hot crude rcducts of combustion Yu' Ward throu h` t e shower of sprayed l1 uid and heating it by direct contact there- Zorrith, collecting the sprayed and heated jtiquor, transforming the collectedheated (liquor into spray for a second time, andrecexving the sprayed liquor thus provided upon tubes which are heated hyzthe products of' combustion relim'inai'y to their passing. upward througli the first mentioned shower of sprayed liquor, whereby the liquor is lirst directly heated by the current of products of combustion and then indirectly heated by l the same current of products of combustion.

4. The method of heating liquid which consists in spraying the liquid, passing hot ases through the sprayed liquid to heat it v direct contact, maintaining a circulation V of the hot gases by a forced draft, collecting the heated liquid and then passing the heated liquid in a subdivided condition over metal `surfaces maintained at a high temperature by the hot gases before they pass 40 to the sprayedliquid.

5. The method of heating and evaporating liquid which consists in spraying the liquid,

passing hot gases through the sprayed liquid to heat; it b v direct contact", and then passing the heated liquid over metal surfaces maintained at a high temperature by the hot gases before they pass to thc sprayed liquid,

' utilizing the hot vapors.' so produced to supply heat to a multiple effect evaporating ap paratus. and treating the liquid in its heated condition to further evaporation in the mul- 'tiple eil'ect apparatus.

6. The method of tui-,ating gases for extraction of matters contained therein which 'consists in passing hot gases containing mutters in suspension through a descending spray of liquid, transferring to'the liquid e suspended matter from the gases, collooting the liquid sprayed and matters cond0 tained therein, and indirectly heating the v collected liquid by the hot gases before being subjected to the liquid spray. i 7. The method of treating for extraction of matter contained therein which i! canada in passing tbe. gases in a hot condition through a spray of liquid to cool the gases and extract matter contained therein,

,and finally evaporating Vthe charged liquid by suhyectin it to successive eva porators in a multiple e ect apparatus receiving its heat from the hot ses.

8. The inetuod of treating liquidswith gases which consists in passing hot gases of combustion in their natural state containing xnattersin suspension through a spray of liquid and thereby simultaneously heating the liquid and' 'transferring the suspended matter to the liquid, collecting the liquid spray, and passing the collected liquid t rough a liltering device for filtering out the matters held in suspension hy the liquid.

9.` The method of treating liquids with gases which consists inpassing hot gases containing matters in suspension through a spray of liquid and thereby simultaneously heating the liquid and transferring the suspended matter to the liquid, collecting the liquid spray. passing the collected liquid through a filtering device for filtering out the matters held in suspension by the liquid, and subsequently evaporating and concenv trating the liquid by the heat from the hot gases employed forheatin the spray of liquid before said 'vases reac the spray.

l). The method of heating and evaporating a liquid which consists in causing the liquid to fall in` spray form, heating the sprayed liquid to a high degree by direct contactwith current of hot gases passing .npward'through the apra ed liquid, collect- 109 ing the heated liquid an .'transferring it to a separate vessel and Vsubjecting it in the said vessel in sprayed form to indirect heating by the same current of hot gases.

11. The herein described method of'treat- 105 ing liquids which consists Vin spraying a liquid in a downward direction, passing hot products of `combustion upwardly through the sprayed liquor and thereby transferring the heat of the products of combustion to the liquor, collecting the sprayed liquor in its heated condition, heating an evaporator hy tl hot products of combustion before they act upon the sprayed liquor, supplying the collected liquor to .tjie evaporating :ipparatus whereby it may bc further heated to provide a hot vapor, and transferring the hot vapor so produced to a multiple ctl'ect evaporating apparatus and employing said hot vapor as thc heatingr medium therein.

12. The herein described method of treating liquids which consists in spraying a liquid in a downward direction, passing hot products nf combustion upwardly through the sprayed liquor and thereby transferring the heat of the products of combustion to the liquor, collecting the sprayed liquor in itsheated condition, heating.r atrevaporator by the hot products of combustion 'before they [het upon the sprayed liquor, supplying the i collected liquor io the ei'aporatng appr v ratos-whereby it may be further heated to provide a hot vapor, transferring the hot 'vapor as the heating;`

vapor so produced to a multiple ilcct evaporating apparatus and employing said hot medlm therein, and also'simultaneously clrcnlatinfr the unva porized liquor to the. multiple eiect evaporat- .ing apparatus whereby it may be evaporated and concentrated. 1

13. The herein described method for treat-A 'in'gliquid which consists in heating the liquid by 'hot products of'combustion and liquid,v supplying the not liquid to n multiple effect evaporating apparatus in which it is concentrated, :md sinmltunecusly therewith supplying the bot vapors to the mui tiple eiect apparatus as the healing medium thereof, whereby the concentration of the i liquid is performed its own lzotvapors.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto eet my hand.V l l S. MORRS LILLlE.

litne'ssesr I R. M. Htm'rrn,

l. M.; KELLY.

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