US984265A - Evaporator. - Google Patents

Description

J. DINCKBLS.

EVAPORATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. ze, 1010.

Patented Feb. 14, 1911.

union.

JACOB DINCKELS, OF MAINZ, GERMANY.

EVAPORATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 14, 1911.

Application filed August 26, 1910. Serial No. 579,021.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

lBe it known that I, Jaoon DrNoiinLs, a subject of the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt7 and resident of Mainz, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Evaporators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to evaporator-s of the circulating type. Such evaporators as at present constructed have the defect that during rapid boiling a great deal of bubbling and frothing takes place, in consequence of which liquid in minute qualities may easily be carried over. Under these conditions it is also not possible to utilize the apparatus to its full evaporating capacity since in order to avoid too much frothing it is often necessary to reduce the evaporating capacity by reducing the admission of steam used for heating. Obviously the control also of the boiling process is seriously affected by the aforesaid defects.

The object of the present invention is to avoid these defects as far as possible.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is an elevation partly in section of one form of the improved evaporator according to the present invention showing an inclined evaporating pan and the heating apparatus arranged outside the pan. Fig. lL is a cross section through the heating apparatus on the line G-D of Fig. l. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modification with a vertical pan, Fig. 3 1s a vertical section showing a modilied construction with vertical pan and internal heating device. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line A-B of Fig. 3, and Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Fig. 3 showing further modifications.

Referring to Fig. l an inclined evaporating pan is shown at Z provided with outlet i) for the vapor. Below the mouth of the branch f of the up-take pipe c is arranged a horizontal plate a above the level of the fluid in the pan. The heating apparatus is shown outside the evaporating pan Z and consists of a cylindrical 'body g, see also Fig. la, which is provided with two end chambers by transverse tube plates L and z' connected by tubes m secured in the plates. The space between the two plates L and z' is divided by a battle plate n, extending to the right as far as the plate z' but leaving a space to the left between the end of the baille plate and the plate ZL. An inlet for the steam or other heating medium is shown at 0 and an outlet at j), so that the steam entering at 0 flows between the tubes fm, toward the left and passing between the baille plate and tube plate It returns to the right and escapes at y?. The chamber Z is shown divided by a horizontal wall Z the down-take pipe Q from the pan (Z being connected bc- .low and the uptake pipe c above the wall Z so that the liquid as it drops from the pan (Z is compelled to How through one half of the tubes lm, to the left into the chamber k returning to the right through the other half of the tubes to the compartment above the wall Z and rising through the uptake pipe c. Of course the heating apparatus can also be arranged vertically.

The liquid to be treated before heating is at first at; the same level in the pipe 0 and pan cZ. Zhen the heating medium is admitted .into the heating apparatus steam bubbles are formed in the liquid and circulation is initiated so that tinally a continuous stream llows out through branch and falls upon the plate a over which it flows in a thin lilm from which the steam has no dillieulty in escaping so that no frothing can take place thus avoiding any carrying over of small globules of liquid. ',lhe vapor escapes through the outlet Z). The outflow of the Vvapor may be facilitated by exhausting and the nmintcnance of a vacuum.

.lhe arrangement shown in Fig. 2 as applied to a vertically arranged pan is practically the same as that described with reference to Fig. l the corresponding parts being indicated by like letters of reference. The plate a however is shown slightly inclined so as to increase the rate of flow of the liquid over the plate.

In Figs. 3-(5 tht` heating apparatus is arranged within the body oli' liquid in the pan, so that a pluralityr of circulating jets is obtained. ln these ligures the heating tubes 'la are shown arranged as an annular series connecting the chamber formed between the bottom of the pan and the tube plate 'L' with the chamber forn'led between the tube plate ZL and a division plate s. The heating chamber r/ closed by the tube plates /L and z' the outer shell of the pan and an inner central tube r. The level of liquid is above the plate s and a central down-take pipe Q is provided passing through the tube fr and extending from the plate a to below the tube plate z'. The tube Q is of such a diameter as to provide a clearance space between the two tubes Q and 1 so as to utilize the tube r as a heating surface. In F ig. 3 two curved jet pipes j are shown in connection with the chamber between the tube plate 7b and plate s. As already described with reference to F ig. l the heating medium entering at 0 passes between the tubes m and escapes at p. No baille plates are here shown but the course of the heating medium may be also controlled as desired. As the liquid in the tubes m and the portion adjacent to the suriace of the tube r becomes heated the steam bubbles rise and the colder liquid drops through pi-pe Q, until a continuous stream flows out of pipes f upon the plate a over which the liquid flows in a thin ilm, and drops back over the edge or edges or the plate into the body of liquid in the pan, so that the vapor readily escapes. in F ig. 5 the body of the evaporating pand is relatively larger than the lower heating portion and the uptake pipes f extend vertically and` project through the plate a. The pipes are provided with diverting caps t, the liquid overiiowing between the top of the pipes and the caps, or the top of the pipes f below the cap may be perforated as shown at u. A plurality of film plates may also be employed. F or instance in Fig. two such plates are provided. Above t-he plate a is arranged a second plate a extending nearly across the full width of the pan and provided with a central opening a2. fin the construction shown the .pipes f extend to the level of the upper plate a only so that as the liquid rises it flows over the plate a, falls in a cascade over the edges of the opening a2 upon the plate a over which it flows and drops finally into the body of the liquid. The vapor rising' from the plate a can escape between the plate a and the shell of the pan d as well as through the opening a2. it will be understood that the number of jet pipes may be increased if desired, and also that the uptake passages shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6 may be replaced by an annular passage of corresponding cross-section area. rlhe evaporating device according to the present invention may be employed for distilling processes.

I claim 1. The combination with an evaporating apparatus having a heating chamber for the liquid to be treated, means for heating said chamber, an evaporating chamber and a down-pipe connecting said evaporating chamber with the colder part oi' said heating chamber; of a plate arranged above the level of the liquid in said evaporating chamber and an up-talte pipe extending from the hotter part of said heating chamber and opening above said plate, the liquid from said up-take pipe spreading over said plate in a thin lilm and from thence falling into the liquid in said evaporating chamber.

2. The combination with an evaporating apparatus having a heating chamber for the A liquid to be treated, means for heating said chamber, an evapo-rating chamber and a down-pipe connecting said evaporating chamber with the colder part of said heating chamber, of a plurality of plates arranged above the level of the liquid in said evaporating chamber and an up-take pipe extending from the hotter part of said heating chamber and opening above said plates, the liquid from said up-talte pipe spreading in a thin iilm over first one plate and then another before falling into the liquid in said evaporating chamber.

3. The combination with an evaporating apparatus having a heating chamber for the liquid to be treated, means for heating said chamber, an evaporating chamber and a down-pipe connecting said evaporating chamber with the colder part of said heating chamber; of a substantially horizontal plate arranged above the level ot' the liquid in said evaporating chamber and an up-talre pipe extending from the hotter part of said heating chamber and opening above said plate, the liquid from said up-talte pipe spreading over said plate in a thin film and from thence falling into the liquid in said evaporating chamber.

t. An evaporating apparatus comprising in combination, a heating chamber for the liquid to be treated, said chamber comprising end compartments and intermediate connections, means for heating said chamber, an evaporating chamber separate from said heating chamber, a down-pipe connecting the lower part of said evaporating chamber with the colder compartment of said heating chamber, an up-take pipe extending from the hotter compartment of said heating chamber and opening into said evaporating chamber above the level of the liquid therein, and a plate intermediate the level of the liquid and the mouth of said up-talre pipe, the liquid from said up-take pipe spreading over said. plate in a thin film and from thence falling intothe liquid in said evaporating chamber.

An evaporating apparatus comprising in combination, a heating chamber for the liquid to be treated, said chamber comprising end compartments and intermediate connections, means i'or heating said chamber, an evaporating chamber separate from said heating chamber, a down-pipe connecting the lower part of said evaporating chamber with the colder compartment of said heating chamber, an up-take pipe extending in a thin film and from thence 'falling into from the hotter compartment oi said heatthe liquid in said evaporating chamber. 10 ing chamber and opening into said evapo- In witness whereof I have hereunto set rating chamber above the level of the liquid my hand in the presence of two Witnesses. therein, and a substantially horizontal plate J ACOB DIN CKELS. intermediate the level of the liquid and the lVitnesses:

mouth of said 11p-take pipe, the liquid from JEAN GRUND` said 11p-take pipe spreading over said plate CARL GRUND.

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