US983550A - Loom. - Google Patents

Description

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LESLIE HARRINGTON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED STATES AUTO- 'MATIC LOOM ATTACHMENT COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ARIZONA TERRITORY.

LOOM.

Patented Feb. 7, 1911.

Application filed August 6, 190?. Serial No. 387,329.

To all whom it may concern? I Be it known that I, LESLIE HARRINGTON, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook'and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact speci;

The invention relates to a loom for weaving cloth or similar fabric, and has for its primary object to provide an improved loom wherein the weft thread or threads may be woven into the fabric from a spool or spools or other source not carried by a shuttle.

In the carrying out. of the invention there is provided improved weft thread feeddevices, including improved thread measuring, cutting and holding devices, all of. which comprise further objects of the invent-ion.

The invention is adapted to lay weft threads alternately from each side into the ordinary sheds-formed by the warp, the weft threads being in length approximately twice the width of the warp, both out ends of each of the weft threads appearingat the sameside of the warp and folded at the opposite sideand the weft threads being alternated in arrangement in order that the cut and folded ends may alternate to form the selvage.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved auxiliary heddles for controlling the warp threads of the selvage in order that the out ends ofthe weft threads may be inserted and beaten 'up in the same shed forn'iedin the selvage warp as the fold ed ends of the weft threads. v

A further object is to provide an improved form of weft thread carrier. And a still further object is to provide improved means for cont rolling and operating the weft thread carrier. 1

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects the invention consists in the features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts all as hereinafter more fully described and claimed and set forth in the accompanying drawings.

In the said drawings Figure 1 is afront elevation of a loom embodying the invention, the warp and the fabric being removed, while Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same showing both warp and woven fabric in position in the loom. Fig. 3 is a sectional view in elevation on line 3-3 Fig.- 1. Fig. 4 IS an enlarged front elevation of the carrier and carrier box and adjacent parts, including opening device for carrier, weft feed, and thread measuring device, including broken portions of mechanisms for operating these parts. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view of .mechanism operating the feeder for the weft thread,-and is taken on line 55 Fig. 4. Fig. (i is a sectional view on line (36 Fig. Fig 7 is a detail view of the segmental member connecting the feed operating. lever with the feed mechanism. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the mechanism for operating the weft thread measuring device. Fig. 9 is a broken sectional view on line 99 F ig. 8. Fig. 10 is detail view of a part of the adjustable cam shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 11 is detail'view of the lever operating the thread measuring device. Fig. 12 is a detail view in front elevation of the weft thread feeder and, Fig. 13 aside elevation of the same. larged horizontal sectional view on line l4.1et Fig. 13 showing shears for cutting weft thread in open position. Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 14 showing the shears in closed position and also showing the cam mechanism for operating the movable shear blade. Fig. 16 is a sectional view on line 16 16 Fig. 15. Figs. 17 and 18 are detail views of parts shown assembled in Figs. 1-t and 15. Fig. 19 is a broken detail view of the end of the operative shear blade. Fig. 20 is a broken detail view of the lower extremity of the slide operating the thread feeder. Fig. 21 is a sectional view on line 2121 Fig. 15 showing the cam mechanism for operating the shear blades in elevation. Fig. 22 is a detail of spring controlled cam for operating shear blade. Fig. .23 is a sectional view on line 2323 Fig. 14. Fig. .24 is a detail of slide for carrying thread into the guide of the measuring device as illustrated in Fig. 4. Figs. 25 and 26 are respectively elevation and-plan views of the carrier for the weft thread or threads. Fig. 27 is an enlarged broken detail of one end of the carrier. Figs. 28 and 29 are sectional views on lines 2828 and 29-29 respectively'in Fig. 27. Fig. 30 is a broken detail of. one end of the carrier nippers, as shown assembled in Fig. 27. Fig. 31 is an enlarged view in front elevation with parts broken away showing carrier box and mech nisni for. operating carrier and is taken appr x1- Fig. 1-1 is .an enmately on broken line 3l31 of-Fig. 46 with parts broken away and omitted. llig. 3-3 is a sectional view on line 32,-32 of Fig. 4 showingmechanism for opening nippcrs on end of carrier. Fig. 33 is' a section on line 3333 of Fig. 32. Fig. 34 is a section on line 34 of Fig. 32. 35 is a detail view of the slide operating the carrier nippers shown assembled in Figs. 4 and '32. Fig. 36 is a detail of the cam surface for operating slide shown in Fig. 35. This part is also shown in the assembled views in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 37 is a detail of the member which operates to release the weft thread from the slide with the picker. Fig. 41 is a detail of the picker slide. Fig. 42 is a; detail of the slidecarrying a pawl for forcing the carrier into the feeder past the means operating the carrier nippers. Fig. 43 is a section taken on line 43-43 Fig. 42. Fig. 44 is a section taken on line 4H4 Fig. 40, and Fig. 45 is a section taken on line 45-45 Fig. 40. Fig. 46-is a sectional view on line 4646 of Fig. 4. Fig. 47 is an enlarged detail view of the carrier box. Fig. 48 1s a section on line 48-48 of Fig. 47 Fig. 49 is a detail vertical sectional view with parts broken away showing the mechanism for operating selvage harness and the cam and cam slide mechanism for operating the slide detailed in Fig. 42. Fig. 50 is a sectional plan view taken on broken line 5050 of Fig. 49. Fig. 51 is a section taken on line 5151 of Fig. 50. Fig. 52 is a detail of sliding cam 'for operating slide detailed in Fig. 452- and Fig. 53 is a bottom plan View of the same. Fig. 54 is a bottom plan view of picker release mechanism showing adjacent parts and the picker being shown in section. Fig. 55 is a detail view of the picker release. Figs. 56 to 59 inclusive are diagrammatic views illustrating the successive steps in laying the weft threads in the warp. Figs. 56 to 59 inclusive are diagrammatic sectional views illustrating the movements of the selvage warn.

The invention is shown applied to an ordinary form of a plain loom, although it will be apparent that the invention may be applied to any common form of loom. The supporting side frames'are indicated by the numerals l and 2 connected by a suitable yoke or arch piece 3, which alsofurnishes a support for both the ordinary harness and supplementary harness for operating the selvage warp threads. The side frame pieces 1 and 2 may also be joined by suitable supports, as for example the cross piece 4, which may also serve as a means for the attachment of certain working parts of the loom.

to be passed and deflected thereby as it passes downwardly therefrom to the cloth roll (3. The power is applied to loom at the pulley 9, which is mounted on the shaft 10, and adapted to rotate the same said shaft 10 being carried by suitable hearings on the main frame. The usual form of vibrating lay or lathe is provided, the same being preferably pivoted near the bottom of the main frame on a rod or shaft 11, the ends of which are carried by the side pieces 1 and 2. The lay frame consists primarily of the layswords l2 and 13 and are pivoted on the shaft 11 by means of suitable attaching pieces 14 and 15 journaled on shaft 11 and secured to numbers 12 and 13 by bolting or other suitable means. The lay- swords 12 and 13 are connected at their upper extremities by suitable cross-piece 16 which is prefera-bly secured to the said pieces by suitable means allowing a limited amount of vertical adjustment to the member 16, as for example, by use of slots 12 and 13 through which bolts provided with suitable adjustable nuts 17 may be passed. Cross member 16 is adapted to serve as the upper support for the reeds and another cross member 18 is provided, which is also secured at its extremities to the lay-swords l2 and 13 in any suitable manner and it serves as a support for the lower ends of the reeds. Thus it will be seen that the construction of the reed used for beating the weft threads into the.- warp does not differ from the-ordinary construction, hence no further description of the same is necessary. The lay or lathe may be rocked or vibrated in any suitable manner, as, for example, by the connecting rods 19,-which are pivotally connected at one end to the lay frame, and at their other ends to suitable cranks 20 preferably formed in shaft 10 heretofore described as' the main drive shaft which receives its rotation from the driving pulley 9.

The heddles for forming the sheds in the warp do not differ in any particular from the ordinary construction of heddles employed in looms of the described character and hence a description of them will not be attempted except to say that they are supii usual connections 23 are provided by which the hcddles are alternatei 1n movements lll approxm'iately vertical planes in order to form the sheds in the warp threads which 26 aml 27, which are eccentrically secured to the shaft 28 and are adapted to be rotated thereby, since movement is given to shaft 28 from shaft 32 through gear 32 in mesh with an intermediate gear not shown which in turn meshes with gear '29. (See Fig. 1.).

On one end of shaft 10 is secured the gear 30 connecting with the large gear 31 on the end of shaft The shaft 32 carries suitable cams 33 and 3t adapted to cooperate with levers 35 and 3t; pivotally secured at one end to the main frame in any suitable manner, as, for example, by attaching them to the brackets 37. The brackets 37 are attached to the main frame. Levers 35tand.

36 are designed to vibrate for the purpose of operating the picker sticks 38 and 39 in a well known manner, the connection therewith lieing formed by meanslof the straps 5 .0 and etl, or other suitable connections, secured to the laterally extending arms on the picker sticks, one of which is illustrated by the reference character 38 Fig 1. The picker sticks 38 and 39 are pivoted at their lower extremities in suitable connections 42, d3, which are secured to the cross shaft 11 serving also as a support for the beater frame as heretofore described. It will be seen that by' this construction when the shaft 32 is caused to rotate the levers 35 and 36 will be vibrated by the rotation of their associated cams 33 and 34, which vibration being imparted through the connections 40' and -11 to the picker sticks will cause them to vibrate in approximately vertical planes in the longitudinal direction of the loom, the vibration of the picker levers causing the picker sticks to oscillate toward the middle of the loom and after the pressure of the cams 33 and 3st are released the picker sticks will be returned to normal by means of suitable springs 44 and 45.

The portions of the loom thus briefly described are of common construction and it will be apparentby slight modifications and changes the mechanism embodying the improvements may be applied to a loom of any desired construction without departing from the purpose or spirit of the invention. From the ordinary form of loom the frame work and many of the operative parts of which are herein shown, the ordinary form of shuttle and shuttle box have been 'removed. I

In order to serve as a convenient means for the attachment of the weft thread feed mechanism a suitable frame in is attachedto the main frame of the loom at the upper front corners by means of suitable bolts 3 .7. This frame extends laterally from the top front side of the loom for some distance and thence extends rearwardly main driving pulley 9rat one side of the loom; The corresponding piece-also indicated by the numeral 46 in the drawing extends rearwardly a like distance on the opposite side ofthe 100111. In describing the weft thread feed mechanism and the mechanism for operating the weft thread carrier, it is to be noted thatthe parts at each side of the loom are duplicates in construction except that the mechanism on one side-- may be termed as right and'thaton the other side as left. Therefore in the description of these parts of the invention no distinction will be made between the parts used on the right hand side of the loom and those used on the left hand side, and the same refalmostto the r erence characters as'applied to similar parts 7 will be used without regard as towhether the parts are used on the righthand side or on the left. i The detail construction :of the auxiliary supporting frame elfi'inayb'e'fully seen by inspection of Flgsgl, at, and 5. At'the rearward'extremity the member 46 is suitably connected with the main fralne by the laterally extending 211-11146. To furnish a convenient means for applying power to opcrate the feed mechanisnran auxiliary rotating shaft 4:8 is provided extending along the entire width of the machine and being journaled in the side pieces 1 and 2 of the main frame. The ends of the shaft 48 preferably extend beyond the main frame and through the rearwardly extcndingbranches of the auxiliary supporting members 46. For the purpose of preventing endwise movement of this shaftthe ends mayjbe made to extend beyond the members 46 into which they are journaled as described and they may be provided with suitable collars 49. This shaft may be driven in any suitable manner, as, for example, by means of the sprocket wheel 50, chain 51 and sprocket -'2 secured to counter shaft 53 to which motion is imparted from any convenient moving shaftor part, as, for example, the shaft 28 through sprocket 55, chain '56 and sprocket '57.

As connnonly-found in the construction and operation of looms of the type herein described a way is provided at 58 on the top side of themember 18 of the lay and along this way the carrier, which corresponds in some respects to the shuttle of a loom as ordinarily constructed, is adapted to travel in passing the weft threads through the sheds in the warp. At the extremities. of the way 58, and on each side of the warp adjacent to ends ofthe'member 18 receiving boxes 59, adapted to receive the carrier, are provided. "The construction of the carrier is shown in detail in Figs. to'30 inclusive. Instead of being adapted to carry abobbin as in the case of the ordinary shuttle it will be seen that the elongated body 60, preferably constructed of wood or some suitable light material, is provided at its ends with suitable means; for-grasping andretaining the weft threads. This means preferably consists of the metallic extension pieces 61 secured to the body 60 in any desired .manner, as, for example, by the screws 62, the heads of which are counter sunk in the body portion. It will be seen that the construction of the members 61 is such as to form one of the members of a pair 'of nippers. A suitable lug 63 is formed on the jaw or j member 61 to which is adapted to be pivotally attached the. other cooperating jaw 64, by means of pin 65.

of the nipper jaws 61 and 64 may be prothe The meeting faces vided with suitable means for better retaining the weft threads, as, for example, the

counter sunk or recessed portion 61" and the irregular boss -64 adapted to cooperate therewith. The movable nipper jaw 64 may be held normally in closed position by the spring (36,one end ofwhich is in contact with an extension thereof indicated by the numeral 64", the other end of the spring which is preferably of the fiat type is secured to the member 61 by means of suitable screws as 67.

As before stated, the carrier boxes 59 are secured on the top side of the r'nemberlS of the lay or. lathe. They are provided at their extremities with a flared portion 59 adapted to serve as a guide to cause the carrier to readily enter the interior of the box. In order to serve as a frictional piece or brake to check the velocity of the carrier on entering the box the fiat spring 67 is provided and is secured-to the top of the box by the screws 68 or other suitable means. This spring extends over an opening 69 in the top of the box and a s'uitable member 70, having a beveled surface, is secured to the spring and adapted to pass through the opening 69 and into the path of the carrier and so check its momentum as it is received by the box from the picker. The beveled surface,com1ng in contact with the carrier is raised, thus causing friction by reason of pressure exerted through the spring 67.

In the ordinary loom the shuttle carrying a bobbin or sup ly for the weft thread is repeatedly passe back and forth from one side of the loom to the other through the successive sheds formed in the warp. In the present invention the carrier is not made to contain carries it through the weft thread supply but takes the. .weft thread alternately from each side and the shed as it is picked 4 throu h the sheds. To accomplish these results the weft thread. supplies are placed in any desired position but preferably .as indicated diagrammatically at 7-1 Fig. 1 the weft thread being passed therefrom through the thread guides 72 carried at the outer extremities on the members 18 of the vibrating lay. From. these guides the .weft thread passes immediately to the feed from which it is adapted to be taken by being received within the nipper's of the carrier in the manner presently to be described.

It willbe apparent that the weft thread feed mechanism and the carrier box and associated parts carried on the vibrating lay are adapted to move within the housing formed by the member 46 heretofore described. The guide 72 is preferably secured to the top of the thread holder and cutter, all of which mechanism is secured to a member 73, secured by suitable screws 74 to a slide 75 which is carried in ways or grooves l8 at the outer extremities of the cross bar 18 on the lay frame. The slide 75 is provided with a laterally extending pin 7 6 preferably formed integral with same near its lower extremity, the said pin engaging in the slot 77 of the segmental piece 77. The slot 77 is preferably formed as the segment of a circle the radius of which corresponds with the distance from the pin 76 to the axis on which the lay frame is pivoted. The thread holding and cutting mechanism is therefore carried on the member 7 5 which is permitted to have vertical movement under control of the pin 76 sliding in curved slot 77, and by this construction it will be apparent that as the lay frame is vibrated the member 7 5 will not change its position in relation thereto until the segmental slotted member/T7 changes its position by sliding in the ways 7 8 by which it is secured to the side of the member 46. The part 78 is secured to 46 in any suitable manner as by means of threaded screws. The member 7 7 which takes into the ways 78 extends downwardly as illustrated in Fig. .7 and is provided with the pin 77* adapted to engage in a slot 79 at one end of the lever 7 9 which is pivoted to the inner wall of the part 46 as illustrated at 7 9 Fig. 5. The other end of this lever is extended to engage with a suitable operating cam 80 which is preferably secured to the shaft-'48 just on the inside of the housing formed by the member 46. This cam 80 may be constructed with a collar portion surrounding the shaft 48 and secured thereto by any suitable means, as, for example, the set screw 81. The end of the lever 79 adjacent its operating cam 80 is normally held in contact therewith by means of a suitable elastic spring 82 which is coiled around the pivot 79 with one end thereof secured in a hole 46 in the member 46 and the other end passing over and secured over the upper edge of the lever as at 79. From this construction segmental slotted slide to remain at the upper.

is preferably held at some distance from v to 'adapted to serve as a flat spring to press the thread cutting and holding mechanism limiit of its stroke and so hold the slide" 7.5 and the described parts carried thereby at the'u pper-limit of its movement. The rotationgof cam 80 through the mechanism just described will ailord a vertical reciprocating movement to the thread holder and cutter for the purpose of operating the same to open and close the holders and to operate the cutters to sever the thread in .the manner presently to be described.

Member 73 while secured to the slide '75 the front face thereof by means of a suitable block 83. An irregular shape is given to one side of the member 78 enabling the shears and thread holders to be attached. An irregular piece Si is attached to the front side of the part '1'? being preferably formed of sheet metal ahdhaving tongues 84 and 84* I at the upper ahdjlonier extremities thereof adapted to coiiper-ate -with;corresponding tongues formed onv the members T3; Pins 85 and St) aresecurcd to. thescftongus173 and T3" last mentioned and these pins'a're extended through holes in the tongues S4 aml S-t" thus forming stops to limit the further entrance of the thread as it passes between the cooperating tongues '73? and 8% and the lower tongues 73 and Si. Formed on the member 84: midway between the tongues 8i and Si is another tongue 84 against one of the thread holding jaws on blade 89 to whiclrappcars in the drawing 1 l2 behind the tongue 3-.t"- and almost entirely hid thereby. This thread holding and cutting mechanism which appears midway between the elastic guides just described is composed of a stationary shear blade and a movable shear blade, each of the said blades being provided near their cutting edges which are designed to act somewhat like the ordinary scissors blades, with grooves into which elastically controlled sliding members are adapted to cooperate in holding the thread there between. therebeing edges formed on the shear blades adapted to cut the thread passingbetween them when the blades are brought together. on each holder and cutter there is secured one stationary shearl blade 37 which is adapted to be fastened I to the member 73 by suitable screws 88. there being an. upwardly extending lug S7 formed thereon with suitable. screw eyes 87'. l The blade is provided with a lateral exteni sion 87 (see Fig. in .having a hole 87 5 through which a suitable pivotal screw 88 is adapted to .s for the purpose of pivl otally securing the'inovable shear blade 89 thereto. This shear blade 89 is-provided with an angular extension 8!) which projects almost at right angles to the body of the blade (see Figs. 1 k and 15) and is tapered atits extreme endand formed'into the rounded pin or trunnion. 89".

the blade 87.

89 is best shown 17 in which it will be seen that a groove is formed along their cutting edges as indi cated at 87* and 89Figs. l6 and 17. It will be seen, however, that although these grooves are formed in bladesST and 89 the material adjacent their flat surfaces is not beveled away but that they are so shaped that when passed over one another as in the use of ordinary scissors they will exert a shearing action to cut-the thread. The blade 87 adjacent its point is provided with a screw threaded hole 87 and the blade 89 is also similarly provided with a' screw -threaded hole into which in both blades the threaded screws 90, 91 areadapted to be inserted for the-purpose ofisecuring the thread holders 92 which are adapted-to c operate with the sl'i'earlblad'ies's-T and89', 'be-' ing provided with tlie-L'bevel'edl edge. 92? adapted to enter the grooves 57 and 89a for of"secnring the thread'there' beboth before a nd'after the shear-blades the purpose tween the cutting edges of the shear -As before"v stated, the pivotal pin 88 securesg thisshearf The character of. 1 the cutting edge of both these blades87 and.- by reference to Figs. 16 andoperate to sever the thread. The screws and 91 accomplish this purpose by passin through the slots 92 in the members 92 and these slots being somewhat elongated per-' nnt of a certain amount of lost mo'tion be tween the members 92 and the shear-blades to which they'are secured but being held se- (urely by reason of the comparatively large heads provided on the screws. Flat elastic springs t ll-4H- are provided to hold the members it in constantengagement with their cooperating shear blades when shears are closed, the slot 8? in the blade 87 being adapted to take the spring 93 while a similar slot formed in the blade 89 is adapted to take the spring 9.4. By this construction it will be seen that when the weft thread is once passed through the guide 72 between the elastically controlled tongues 73" and 84", past the cutting and holding device just described and between the elastically controlled tongues 73 and SP, sutiicient means will be provided for retaining control of the same at all times.

retain secure possession of the cut ends until these ends be pulled therefrom forcibly. It

Tf the thread be severed 1 by the operation of the shear blades 87 and 8!) their cooperating holding members W111

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