US98293A - Generators - Google Patents

Description

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@aient @inline JOHN s. PET'RIc AND LEwIs rATRIc, OE ROOHEsTER, NEW YORK.

Letters .Patent No. 98,293, dated December 28, 1869; antezlaterl Dcce'fmberZ/l, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRAUG-HT .AND SPARK-EXTINGUISHING- IDEVIGES- FOR STEAM- GENERATORS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

T o all whom it may concern:

Be it` known that we, JOHN S. PA'rRrC and LEWIS PATRIC, of Rochester, county of Monroe, and State of New York, have invented a new and improved Method of Creating Draught and Ilxtinguishing Sparks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference heilig had to the accompan ying drawing, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of our improved apparatus;

Figure 2, a bottomv view, with the lower palt of the shell or cylinder removed;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View, through line x y, fig. l; and

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the drum, through the line x y, fig. 3.

Similar letters ot reference denote corresponding parts in all the iguresf The invention relu-tes to the provision of means for cre-ating a powerful draught for the furnaces of steamvgenelators, in cupolas of foundries or smelting-works,

for stoves or ranges, or for any similar purpose, whereby the necessity of constructing tall chimneys or smoke-stacks can be avoided, and at the same time a in uch larger percentage of the heat generated in said furnaces `or stoves can be utilized, and great economy in the consumptionof fuel obtained.

The invention further relates tothe construction of a device adapted to arrest the sparks and soot produced in a furnace or stove, thus removing the objections 'heretofore existing to the use of Shavings and similar light` fuel, in factories or mills located in densely-populated portions of towns. or cities.

The Iii-st ofthe above-named objects is accomplished hy creating a vacuum in the flue, through which the heated'air, smoke, and gases pass, after leaving, the furnace or stove, substantially in the manner hereinafter described, which vacuum is produced hy mechanical means, instead ot' by the rarif'ying ot' the air in a chimney or smoke-stack, as in the present construction, and the second object referred to is attained by passing the current of smoke and gases through a stratum of water, before reaching the point at which the vacuum is created.

'lhe construction and operation of our apparatus will be fully understood from the following description.

In the drawing- A represents a cylinder or shell, which wc prefer to make ot' sheet-metal.

One head, B, ot' this shell is tted tightly, but is removable, and is providedwith an induction-port, b,

and an eduction-port, 11.

l Upon the under side ot', andv secured to head P, is a cylinder, Bl, open at its lower end` Within vthis cylinder is an exhaust-chamber, B',

joined by two diaphragms, b2 b5, extending across cylinder Bl. 'g

The exhaust-chamber lB2 is not, however, circular throughout its entire circumference, as each of these diaphragms has a segment cut oo from it, as shown at b, iig. 2, and. the two are wall or partition `at these. points, instead oi' being connected by the side otl cylinder B1, as they are throughout the'remainder of their extent, thus leavingla.

vacant space, conforming in shape to that shown at' b4, iig. 2, which' connects the space marked G with the space marked G', tig. 3,'a`ud the exhaust-chamber is itself connected with eduction-port b1 by having the upper diaphragm b5 cut away, as shown at g, iig. 2.

D is a fan, secured to shaft D', which is mounted in suitable bearingsin head B and bracket al', in such manner that the fau D is suspended within exhaustchamber B2.

d is a pulley, keyed to shaft D', and through which g the fan is driven by a belt, as is usual or desired.

E is a gauge, consisting of a ring, fitting cylinder B1 closely, and operated by floats' 161, which are attached to it by arms c, as will be fully explained.

The gauge E, when not operated upon byfloats E',

'is sustained by guides e', rigidly connected to cylin- The shell A is lled with water, to a depth sulcient to raise the gauge E nearly or quite as high as it will go, on account of the arms-c striking the lower edge ot' cylinder' B1. v

The flue C isA then connected to the' flue from whence the smoke issues, and a rapid rotary motion'is given to the fan D by means of pulley d. lhis instantly producesavacuum in the spaces G G', the air passing in to the exhaust-chamber, through ports b" b, and being driven out through ednction-port b.

The immediate eiect of exhausting G G is' to lift i the water up into G', until that occupying the annular space surrrounding cylinder Bl drops below the level otl the gauge E, when the air and smoke, lling the shell A and ue C, rush in to fill the vacuum, but in so doing, are compelled to pass through the waterenclosed within cylinder B, depositing in it (the water) all cinders and soot.

The location of the apparatus will, of course, bel

unected by a vertical governed entirely by circumstances, as from the fact that the draught through the fire is not at all dependent upon its proximity to the exhaust, the latter can be placed at such point as convenience may dictate.

1n case it is desired to utilize the heat closely, for warming a room, an economical drinn for that purpose is shown at F,'in which the hot air and smoke enter at f, fig. 3, and pass around the drum above the diaphragm F, tig, 4, to the throat f, thence down into the lower half, and back to the opening f2, 'thus a'ordinga large radiating-surface, which may be increased to any desired extent.

In iig. 1 another modification of the construction, adapted to heating by means of a pipe or a series of pipes is shown, in which, by closing the valve c, and opening valve c', the heat is carried, through pipe C', such distance as may be required, returning to flue C Vbelow valve c, and is as perfectly under control, so far as heating a room is concerned, as is a register of an ordinary furnace, whilst from the fact that-the strength ofthe draught does not depend upon the distance over which the smoke is made to pass, the radiating-surface may be increased until all the heat is utilized, and one ton of coal or cord of wood made to serve the same purpose as two of them do now, while by the same operation all the soot and cinders are removed, and further, the noxious gases are also absorbed by the water, so that the discharge from the eduction-port can be breathed with impunity, thus doing away with the objections heretofore existing to the location of factories and' mills in thickly-settled parts of towns and cities, and which has driven them lont into inconvenient localities. 4

'lhis/ apparatus is capable of arresting sparks from a locomotive.

'lhe diiculty in using water for that purpose before has been that it has been considered necessary to use the exhaust-steam to promote draught in the fire-box, and the strong blast produced by this dis charged steam made it impractical to use water for that purpose, but by our invention we can create the desired draught independent of the steam, and pass only the smoke (which forms but a small part of the volume which is now sent through the smoke-stack) through tliegvater', and that by thc employment of but an inconsiderable amount of power.

We are aware that many arrangements have been invented for removing dust and cinders from air, by

bringing the air into contact with water, or a spray of water, but in all previous methods it has been done by forcing the air forward by pressure, whereas we have reversed the operation; that is, we draw it (the air or smoke) through tbe water,.by means of devices which aid in forming `a vacuum, thereby gaining some decided advantages, as, for instance, iu the fact that all escape of the smoke and gases, resulting from leakage of the conducting-dues, is overcome, the tendency b'eing to leak into the fines rather than out, the pressure being constantly from the. outside.

Another advantage is in producing a better and freer combustion in a furnace.

lf a suiiiciently rapid motion be given to the fan, the water will be drawnup through the lower port b, and beaten by the fan F into a tine spray, through which the smoke is obliged to pass, and which e'ectually arrests and extinguishes the' sparks.

Vire have found, upon trial, that the smoke, after passing through the apparatus, is cool, and disposed to settle upon the ground, and may be delivered into servers, and carried o' in that manner.

Having now described our invention, What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1.l The arrangement of the chamber A with its internal and external co-opemtive devices, whereby a stratum or spray of water is rendered available in advance of the exhaust-fan or apparatus, by means of which the smoke and other products of combustion are forced through the ueor chamber, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The arrangement of the puter shell or drum A, provided with induction and eduction-ports b b1, exhaustfchanlber B, and fand), all constructed substantially as described.

3. 'lhe arrangement of heating-dues, provided with valves or dampers, between the furnace and thc exhaust, for the purpose of controlling the direction of the current of heat.

4. A oating gauge, E, operating, in combination with the exhaust, substantially as described.

JOHN S. PATRIO. [L s.] LEWIS PATRIG.

Witnesses LANMAN Cnnsn, 'lHnoDoRm BACON.

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