US9825342B2 - Cooling conduit - Google Patents
Cooling conduit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9825342B2 US9825342B2 US14/901,129 US201414901129A US9825342B2 US 9825342 B2 US9825342 B2 US 9825342B2 US 201414901129 A US201414901129 A US 201414901129A US 9825342 B2 US9825342 B2 US 9825342B2
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cooling channel
- cooling
- air
- conduit
- outlet
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a cooling conduit. It applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the cooling of the batteries of electric or hybrid motor vehicles.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- Li-ion cell batteries achieve the best compromise between power density, which promotes performance in terms of acceleration in particular, and energy density, which promotes autonomy.
- this Li-ion technology cannot be used to create traction batteries for EVs without numerous difficulties, in particular if we consider the voltage levels necessary, of the order of 400 Volts (V), and the temperature levels produced.
- V Volts
- the battery pack is situated below the floor of the vehicle and is cooled by a device comprising an inlet conduit for introducing fresh air into the pack, an outlet conduit for evacuating heated air from the pack, and a fan arranged half-way along the outlet conduit to force the circulation of air in the pack by aspiration.
- a device comprising an inlet conduit for introducing fresh air into the pack, an outlet conduit for evacuating heated air from the pack, and a fan arranged half-way along the outlet conduit to force the circulation of air in the pack by aspiration.
- the cooling in the pack becomes heterogeneous: as a function of their position in the pack, certain cells are better cooled than others, the air flow rate they receive varying with their location.
- An indirect consequence is that the performance of the cells varies heterogeneously in the short term, since the performance of a cell in terms of both power and autonomy depends on its temperature.
- Another indirect consequence is that the life of the cells develops heterogeneously in the long term, as the cells which are not cooled as well age faster. This is a problem which the present invention proposes to solve.
- Patent application DE 10 2011 015 337 A1 discloses a method and a device for monitoring the temperature of a battery, which has the same drawbacks linked to the heterogeneity of cooling as patent EP 1031451.
- the object of the invention is to resolve said drawbacks, in particular to homogenize the air flow in the battery pack.
- the object of the invention is a conduit for cooling a heating element. It comprises an inlet mouth for the entry of a fresh air flow, and a plurality of cooling channels, the fresh air flow dividing between said channels into a plurality of air flows to collect there heat produced by the heating element, and an outlet mouth for the exit of a heated air flow, the heated air flow resulting from the merger of the plurality of air flows after the collection of heat.
- the conduit comprises, arranged in the outlet mouth, means for preventing the exit from the cooling channels of at least one of the air flows of the plurality.
- the means for preventing the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels may be arranged in the outlet mouth facing the channel outlets situated closest to the exit opening of the outlet mouth relative to the other channel outlets.
- the means for preventing the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels may include air deflectors extending over predefined lengths in the outlet mouth facing the channel outlets, so as to guide said air flows towards the exit opening of the outlet mouth.
- the lengths of the deflectors may reduce as their distances from the opening of the outlet mouth increase.
- the deflectors may be curved such that their curvatures prevent the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels.
- the radius of curvature of the deflectors may increase as their distances from the opening of the outlet mouth increase.
- the object of the present invention is also a battery pack comprising a plurality of electrochemical energy storage cells constituting a heating element, this pack comprising a conduit as claimed in any of the preceding claims for cooling the plurality of cells.
- the present invention furthermore has the main advantage that the addition of deflectors according to the invention is possible for any conduit geometry.
- FIG. 1 in a top view, an exemplary air conduit according to the invention for cooling a battery pack;
- FIG. 2 in a perspective view, the same exemplary air conduit according to the invention
- FIGS. 3 a and 3 b in perspective views, respectively the temperature distribution in a battery pack without an air conduit according to the invention, and the temperature distribution in the battery pack comprising the air conduit according to the invention, illustrated on FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate diagrammatically, in a top view and a perspective view respectively, an exemplary air conduit 1 according to the invention for cooling a battery pack. It is made of a material with a high thermal conductivity, a metal alloy for example, or else a plastic material. It is intended to be arranged in the battery pack (not shown on the figures), which may be made from a plastic material.
- the air conduit 1 comprises a mouth 11 for the entry of a fresh air flow FE.
- the inlet opening of the mouth 11 is intended to be housed in an opening made in the battery pack, in order to allow the entry of air into the pack via the mouth 11 .
- the air conduit 1 also comprises a mouth 12 for the exit of a heated air flow FS.
- the outlet opening of the mouth 12 is intended to be housed in another opening made in the battery pack, in order to allow the exit of air from the pack via the mouth 12 .
- the air conduit 1 finally comprises channels 13 , 14 , 15 and 16 which connect the inlet mouth 11 to the outlet mouth 12 .
- the fresh air flow FE enters the pack via the mouth 11 in a substantially horizontal direction X.
- the flow FE is then divided into four flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 which circulate in channels 13 , 14 , 15 and 16 respectively, following a direction Y orthogonal to X in the horizontal plane.
- Flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 absorb heat in contact with the walls of the channels 13 , 14 , 15 and 16 respectively, the Li-ion cells (not shown on the figures) being arranged flat or in fields in contact with the walls of the channels 13 , 14 , 15 and 16 above or below the conduit 1 .
- the four flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 merge to form the heated air flow FS.
- the air flow FS leaves the pack via the mouth 12 following the direction opposite to X.
- curved deflectors 17 and 18 are arranged in the outlet mouth 12 facing the exit opening of channels 13 and 14 respectively.
- the curved deflectors 17 and 18 have the primary function of promoting the passage of air through channels 15 and 16 to the detriment of channels 13 and 14 , while preventing the exit of air flows f1 and f2 from channels 13 and 14 respectively.
- the deflectors 17 and 18 create an over-pressure in channels 13 and 14 , the consequence of which is that the air forming the inlet flow FE becomes oriented preferentially towards channels 15 and 16 where the pressure is lower.
- the curved deflectors 17 and 18 also have the function, once flows f1 and f2 have exited from channels 13 and 14 respectively “by force”, of guiding said flows to the exit opening of the mouth 12 , in order to limit their effect on the pressure rise in the outlet mouth 12 since this pressure rise prevents the free exit of flows f4 and f3 in the mouth 12 and hence increases the pressure in channels 15 and 16 .
- a principle of the invention is to promote the passage of fresh air in the channels furthest away from the inlet opening of the mouth 11 .
- the passage of air is promoted in channels 16 and 15 to the detriment of the passage of air in channels 13 and 14 by arranging deflectors at the outlet of channels 13 and 14 , namely deflectors 17 and 18 respectively, but not at the outlet of channels 15 and 16 .
- the passage of air is promoted in channel 14 to the detriment of the passage of air in channel 13 , the deflector 17 arranged at the outlet of channel 13 being longer and having a greater radius of curvature than deflector 18 arranged at the outlet of channel 14 .
- the deflector 17 since the deflector 17 is longer and its radius of curvature greater, it produces a greater “plug” effect than the deflector 18 and hence creates a greater over-pressure in channel 13 than in channel 14 , and hence the air from the inlet flow FE which has not entered either channel 16 or channel 15 becomes oriented preferentially toward channel 14 rather than toward channel 13 . It is therefore firstly the presence or absence of the deflector at the outlet of a channel, then secondly the geometry of the deflectors which determine the order of preference amongst channels 13 to 16 .
- the deflectors form, with direction Y taken by flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 in channels 13 to 16 respectively, an angle of less than 90° (a theoretical angle which corresponds to total closure of channels 13 to 16 ) and greater than 0° (a theoretical angle which corresponds to total opening of channels 13 to 16 ).
- the radius of curvature and the length of the deflectors depend in each case in particular on the space available in the conduit.
- FIGS. 3 a and 3 b illustrate, in perspective views, respectively the temperature distribution in a battery pack without an air conduit according to the invention and the temperature distribution in the battery pack comprising the air conduit 1 according to the invention, already illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 above.
- the applicant was able to measure that the invention allows a reduction in the spread of air flow from 40% in the conduit shown in FIG. 3 a , i.e. the flow is 40% higher in certain zones than in others, to only 17% in the conduit 1 also depicted in FIG. 3 b .
- the temperature distribution illustrated in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b shows not only that the invention allows a reduction from a maximum local temperature of the order of 37.7° C. to a maximum local temperature of the order of 37.4° C., but also that it achieves a far more homogenous temperature distribution.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A conduit for cooling a heating element includes an inlet mouth for entry of a fresh air flow, a plurality of cooling channels, the fresh air flow dividing between the channels into a plurality of air flows to collect heat produced by the heating element, an outlet mouth for an exit of a heated air flow, the heated air flow resulting from a merger of the plurality of air flows after the heat collection, and air deflectors in the outlet mouth facing the channel outlets situated closest to an exit opening of the outlet mouth relative to the other channel outlets to prevent at least one of the plurality of air flows from exiting the cooling channels. The air deflectors extend over lengths which reduce as distances from the opening of the outlet mouth increase to guide the air flows towards the exit opening of the outlet mouth.
Description
The present invention concerns a cooling conduit. It applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the cooling of the batteries of electric or hybrid motor vehicles.
In the present context of consensus about climate change, the reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is a major challenge facing motor vehicle manufacturers, as standards are becoming ever more stringent in this field.
In addition to the constant improvement in the efficiency of conventional internal combustion engines, which is accompanied by a fall in CO2 emissions, electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are today regarded as the most promising solution for reducing CO2 emissions.
Various technologies for electrical energy storage have been tested in recent years in order to meet the needs of EVs. It appears today that lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell batteries achieve the best compromise between power density, which promotes performance in terms of acceleration in particular, and energy density, which promotes autonomy. However, this Li-ion technology cannot be used to create traction batteries for EVs without numerous difficulties, in particular if we consider the voltage levels necessary, of the order of 400 Volts (V), and the temperature levels produced. In fact, the migration of lithium ions between the electrodes of an Li-ion cell, whether on discharge when the vehicle is running or on charge when connected to an electrical distribution network, is an exothermic reaction: there is naturally a rise in the cell temperature. But this temperature rise of the cells must nonetheless be controlled since their performance, in particular in terms of power and autonomy, and their useful life depend on the usage conditions, in particular on the operating temperature. The cells, which are furthermore enclosed in a semi-sealed housing normally known as a “pack” or “battery pack”, must therefore be kept within a substantially optimal operating temperature range, both on charging and on discharging. In particular, if the temperature is too high, the cell life will be reduced. This is a problem which the present invention proposes to solve.
One conventional solution is cooling by forced convection as described in patent EP 1031451, for example: the battery pack is situated below the floor of the vehicle and is cooled by a device comprising an inlet conduit for introducing fresh air into the pack, an outlet conduit for evacuating heated air from the pack, and a fan arranged half-way along the outlet conduit to force the circulation of air in the pack by aspiration. One drawback of this solution is that, by forcing the air flow rate in the pack by aspiration, the turbulence phenomena are amplified and disrupt the homogeneity of the air flow rate in the pack. As a direct consequence, the cooling in the pack becomes heterogeneous: as a function of their position in the pack, certain cells are better cooled than others, the air flow rate they receive varying with their location. An indirect consequence is that the performance of the cells varies heterogeneously in the short term, since the performance of a cell in terms of both power and autonomy depends on its temperature. Another indirect consequence is that the life of the cells develops heterogeneously in the long term, as the cells which are not cooled as well age faster. This is a problem which the present invention proposes to solve.
Patent application DE 10 2011 015 337 A1 discloses a method and a device for monitoring the temperature of a battery, which has the same drawbacks linked to the heterogeneity of cooling as patent EP 1031451.
The particular object of the invention is to resolve said drawbacks, in particular to homogenize the air flow in the battery pack. To this end, the object of the invention is a conduit for cooling a heating element. It comprises an inlet mouth for the entry of a fresh air flow, and a plurality of cooling channels, the fresh air flow dividing between said channels into a plurality of air flows to collect there heat produced by the heating element, and an outlet mouth for the exit of a heated air flow, the heated air flow resulting from the merger of the plurality of air flows after the collection of heat. The conduit comprises, arranged in the outlet mouth, means for preventing the exit from the cooling channels of at least one of the air flows of the plurality.
In a preferred embodiment, the means for preventing the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels may be arranged in the outlet mouth facing the channel outlets situated closest to the exit opening of the outlet mouth relative to the other channel outlets.
Advantageously, the means for preventing the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels may include air deflectors extending over predefined lengths in the outlet mouth facing the channel outlets, so as to guide said air flows towards the exit opening of the outlet mouth.
Advantageously, the lengths of the deflectors may reduce as their distances from the opening of the outlet mouth increase.
Advantageously, the deflectors may be curved such that their curvatures prevent the exit of the air flows from the cooling channels.
Advantageously, the radius of curvature of the deflectors may increase as their distances from the opening of the outlet mouth increase.
The object of the present invention is also a battery pack comprising a plurality of electrochemical energy storage cells constituting a heating element, this pack comprising a conduit as claimed in any of the preceding claims for cooling the plurality of cells.
The present invention furthermore has the main advantage that the addition of deflectors according to the invention is possible for any conduit geometry.
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear from the description which follows, given in relation to the attached drawings which show:
Thus in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2 , the fresh air flow FE enters the pack via the mouth 11 in a substantially horizontal direction X. The flow FE is then divided into four flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 which circulate in channels 13, 14, 15 and 16 respectively, following a direction Y orthogonal to X in the horizontal plane. Flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 absorb heat in contact with the walls of the channels 13, 14, 15 and 16 respectively, the Li-ion cells (not shown on the figures) being arranged flat or in fields in contact with the walls of the channels 13, 14, 15 and 16 above or below the conduit 1. Once heated by the absorption of heat, the four flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 merge to form the heated air flow FS. The air flow FS leaves the pack via the mouth 12 following the direction opposite to X.
According to the invention, curved deflectors 17 and 18 are arranged in the outlet mouth 12 facing the exit opening of channels 13 and 14 respectively. The curved deflectors 17 and 18 have the primary function of promoting the passage of air through channels 15 and 16 to the detriment of channels 13 and 14, while preventing the exit of air flows f1 and f2 from channels 13 and 14 respectively. In fact, by preventing the exit of air flows f1 and f2 from channels 13 and 14 respectively, the deflectors 17 and 18 create an over-pressure in channels 13 and 14, the consequence of which is that the air forming the inlet flow FE becomes oriented preferentially towards channels 15 and 16 where the pressure is lower. The curved deflectors 17 and 18 also have the function, once flows f1 and f2 have exited from channels 13 and 14 respectively “by force”, of guiding said flows to the exit opening of the mouth 12, in order to limit their effect on the pressure rise in the outlet mouth 12 since this pressure rise prevents the free exit of flows f4 and f3 in the mouth 12 and hence increases the pressure in channels 15 and 16.
Thus a principle of the invention is to promote the passage of fresh air in the channels furthest away from the inlet opening of the mouth 11. Thus initially the passage of air is promoted in channels 16 and 15 to the detriment of the passage of air in channels 13 and 14 by arranging deflectors at the outlet of channels 13 and 14, namely deflectors 17 and 18 respectively, but not at the outlet of channels 15 and 16. Secondly, the passage of air is promoted in channel 14 to the detriment of the passage of air in channel 13, the deflector 17 arranged at the outlet of channel 13 being longer and having a greater radius of curvature than deflector 18 arranged at the outlet of channel 14. In fact, since the deflector 17 is longer and its radius of curvature greater, it produces a greater “plug” effect than the deflector 18 and hence creates a greater over-pressure in channel 13 than in channel 14, and hence the air from the inlet flow FE which has not entered either channel 16 or channel 15 becomes oriented preferentially toward channel 14 rather than toward channel 13. It is therefore firstly the presence or absence of the deflector at the outlet of a channel, then secondly the geometry of the deflectors which determine the order of preference amongst channels 13 to 16. The deflectors form, with direction Y taken by flows f1, f2, f3 and f4 in channels 13 to 16 respectively, an angle of less than 90° (a theoretical angle which corresponds to total closure of channels 13 to 16) and greater than 0° (a theoretical angle which corresponds to total opening of channels 13 to 16). The radius of curvature and the length of the deflectors depend in each case in particular on the space available in the conduit.
Claims (5)
1. A conduit for cooling a heating element, the conduit comprising:
an inlet mouth for an entry of a fresh air flow;
a plurality of cooling channels that divide the fresh air flow into a plurality of air flows to collect heat produced by the heating element, the plurality of cooling channels including a first cooling channel, a second cooling channel, and a third cooling channel;
an outlet mouth that receives a heated air flow from each of the plurality of cooling channels, the heated air flow resulting from a merger of the plurality of air flows after collection of the heat;
a first air deflector extending from an outlet of the first cooling channel into the outlet mouth and a second air deflector extending from an outlet of the second cooling channel into the outlet mouth;
wherein the first cooling channel is closer to an exit opening of the outlet mouth than the second cooling channel and the second cooling channel is closer to the exit opening of the outlet mouth than the third cooling channel,
wherein the third cooling channel does not include an air deflector extending from an outlet of the third cooling channel, and
wherein the first air deflector and the second air deflector are positioned to prevent an exit of the heated air flows from the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, said first air deflector having a length that is greater than a length of the second air deflector so as to guide said air flows towards the exit opening of the outlet mouth.
2. The cooling conduit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first air deflector and the second air deflector are curved to prevent the exit of the heated air flows from the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel.
3. The cooling conduit as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a radius of curvature of the first air deflector is greater than a radius of curvature of the second air deflector.
4. A battery pack comprising:
a plurality of electrochemical energy storage cells constituting a heating element; and
the cooling conduit as claimed in claim 1 to cool the plurality of cells.
5. The cooling conduit as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a fourth cooling channel positioned further from the exit opening of the outlet mouth than the third cooling channel, and the fourth cooling channel does not include an air deflector extending from an outlet of the fourth cooling channel.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1356310 | 2013-06-28 | ||
FR1356310A FR3007698B1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | COOLING DUCT |
PCT/FR2014/051459 WO2014207341A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-06-13 | Cooling conduit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20160248131A1 US20160248131A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
US9825342B2 true US9825342B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 |
Family
ID=49151185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/901,129 Active US9825342B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-06-13 | Cooling conduit |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9825342B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3013616B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105473362B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3007698B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014207341A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20210167443A1 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-06-03 | Panasonic lntellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery module |
FR3092936B1 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2022-03-04 | Novares France | Battery unit and motor vehicle fitted with at least one such unit |
KR20210051543A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery module, battery rack and energy storage system comprising the battery module |
Citations (5)
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US5490572A (en) * | 1991-12-04 | 1996-02-13 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery temperature control system in electric automobile |
JP2000243461A (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2000-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Battery system |
KR20050070727A (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2005-07-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Apparatus for cooling battery |
US20060093901A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 | 2006-05-04 | Gun-Goo Lee | Secondary battery module and cooling apparatus for secondary battery module |
DE102011015337A1 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Battery tempering system, motor vehicle with a Batterietemperiersystem and methods for operating a Batterietemperiersystems |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP3317560B2 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 2002-08-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Battery cooling structure for electric vehicles |
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2014
- 2014-06-13 WO PCT/FR2014/051459 patent/WO2014207341A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-06-13 EP EP14735623.2A patent/EP3013616B1/en active Active
- 2014-06-13 US US14/901,129 patent/US9825342B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-13 CN CN201480045585.7A patent/CN105473362B/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3007698B1 (en) | 2016-11-18 |
US20160248131A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
FR3007698A1 (en) | 2015-01-02 |
EP3013616B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CN105473362A (en) | 2016-04-06 |
WO2014207341A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
CN105473362B (en) | 2019-07-30 |
EP3013616A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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