US980503A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

E..F. EDGAR.

STBAM TURBINE. 1 urmon1on nun um a1, 1910.

Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

3 BEBE'TS-BIIEET ELI. EDGAR. STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION I ILED MAY 31, 1910;

Patented J a1i. 3, 1911.

a snnms-sunm 24 ELLIS F. EDGAR, OF WOOIDBRIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-IURLBINE.

Specificetion cf Letters Patent.

Petented Je11. 3, 1911.

Applicacion fi1ed Mey 31, 1910. Serial N0. 564,036.

T0 all whom t't mag concern:

Be it known thet I, ELLIS F. EDGAR, citizen 01: the United Stetes, end resident 01 Woodbridge, in the county 01'? Middlesex end Stete 0f New Jersey, heve invented certein neW end useful Improvements in Steem- Turbine Engines, 0f which the following is e speeificetion.

Figure 1 is an end elevetion, pert in section end pert in full, section teken et line 1 in Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is e11 enlerged deteil section view through steem chest cesing, steem chest guides, moving bledes end stetionery bledes. Fig. 3 is e side elevetion view, pert in section end pert in fu1l. Fig. 4 is e de teil view of steem chest end cesing with e section through 0ne of the guides end showing the mouch of severel other guides also one 0f the moving bledes. Fig. 5 is e side elevetion in fu1l 0f e compound turbine en gine embodying the feetures hereinefter described.

The velves end guides here shovvn ere set forth end cieimed in Patent N0. 913,922, December 21, 1909, also in Petent N0. 952,7 91, Merch 22nd, 1910 to E. F. Edgar.

My object in designing this steem turbine was t0 produce e turbine engine cepeble 01 using e steem pressure up t0 five thousend pounds 01 more with economy es hereinefter set forth.

Details 0f constructz'on.l, outside side cesing; 2, eutside end cesing; 3, driving sheft; 1, moving bledes; 5, stetionery b1edes; 6, steem guides from steem chests to moving bledes; 7, steem chest; 8, steem chest cesing 01 ring; 9, first velve delivering boiler pressure; 10, hell governor cut out ve1ve; 11, opening end closing ce111 to ve1ve 9; 12, bell governor t0 velve 10; 13, mein feed 1ine fro1r1 steem generetor to velve 9; 14, steem connection 1.r0111 velve 9 to velve 10; 15, steem exit; 16, steem conneetion from mein line 13 t0 velve 9; 17, driving whee1 connected to driving sheft end heving the moving bledes 4 et its outer periphery; 18, pertition supporting stetionery bledes 5; 19, chember connecting velve 10 t0 steem chest 7; 20, steem openings through driving wheels 17, end pertition 18 in exheust steem chember 21; 21, exheust Steem chember; 22, steem line connecting exheust steern from exheust p0rt 15 t0 the velves 011 the compounding cylinder; 23, exheust from the compound cylinder.

General desom'ptz'on.-This steem turbine sheft, preferebly m0re then one.

eomprises e driving sheft with 0ne 01 more driving Wheels etteched t0 seid driving In s111e11 engines there would be 0111y one, unless the eonstruction 0r size could be cerried out better With more tl1en one. These driving whee1s heve bledes termed the moving bledes, secured 011 one or both sides of seid driving Whee1s end mey be et the outer periphery 0f seid driving wheels, es shown in this cese, 0110 011 eech side 01 seid driving wheel, er they mey extend through seid driving wheel end be bolted 01 riveted by e flenge t0 seid driving Wheel t0 stifien them to prevent their moving end the stetionery b1edes 011 the outer ends mey be secured to the end cesing, the others being secured t0 stetionery wells 01 pertitions, 0ne being shown in this eese holding the two center 10WS 01 steti0nery bledes es shown in Fig. 8, the pertition being numbered 18. In e very lerge turbine the driving wheels might heve two rows 013 the moving b1edes 011 eech side 013 seid driving whee1 end e IOW of stetionery bledes 011 eech side of seid driving w heel between the rows 01 moving bledes, end en0ther r0w 01 stetionery bledes 01' ebutments to receive the steem es it pesses off 0f seid moving bledes to the exheust ehember. 1 do n0t confine myself to the exeet method shown in this cese of heving the steen1 chest end guides t0 the rnoving bledes loceted et the outer periphery 01: the m0ving bledes just inside the outer cesing, end the exheust chember being eround the driving sheft es 1 111ight put the steem chest 111 this plece 01 et the inner side 0f the 111017- ing bledes end heve the exheust just inside the 0uter cesing the exheust steem might strike egeinst t-he immer well of the outer cesing, but preferebly I would heve the steem ehest es shown in e heevy cesing 01 ring loceted just inside the outer cesing end preferebly 1 would construct f01 eech steem chest e cesing composed 0f e ring mede in two helves end bolted together es shown in Fig. 4:. These steem chest cesings 01 rings cen be mede of cest steel or forged steel, 0r other meteriel heving the steem chest end guides cest 01 p1essed in the ring either when being cest 01 forged. In this menner 01 construction these cesings or rings cen be mede t0 stand e very high working pressure end efter the steem comes out 0f the mouth 0f the guides 011 the moving bledes in sheet 1013111, the pressure cen be reguleted acalmost any desired point according t0 the size 0f the guides 211101 the ratio 0f 13110 0pening fr0m the guide t0 the steam chest t0 the area 0f the guide and the mouth 0f the guide.

Fig. 2 Shows the passage 0f the steam fr0m the steam chest through the moving blades and the stationary blades from the guides co11nected t0 the steam chest, preferably I would have this steam chest and these guides extend all the way around 0n 0110 side of the m0ving blades and preferably 011 the 0uter side as sh0wn. My object 0f making my guides terminate 111 21 long narrow mouth and fr0m multiple steam chests with numer- 0us guides t0 each steam chest and preferab1y 0110 guide t0 021011 blade all the way around the driving wheel, delivering 0110 stezun in these numerous thin sheets 0nt0 blades 01? large area and preferably the space between the m0ving blades being contracted 011 the sides next 130 the guides, 1s t0 divide the steam in sheet forn1 0ver the large area and expanding it as it moves 11013 only through the guides, but through the moving blades as sh0wn 111 Fig. 2. In this manner I am enabled to use the high pres sure carried in ehe steam chest 2111d 0btain an economica] use 0f the steam, as it is imp0ssible f0r any 0f the steam t0 escape With0ut passing over the blades and after the steam exhausts f10111 stationary blades 5 t0 the exhaust steam chan1ber, 21, the pressure is so 1educed, it is n0t necessary t0 have a heavy 0uter casing t0 this englne. I would simply secure the steam chest casing 0r rings by b0lts t0 the 0uter casing t0 hold them in their place. If more p0wer is desired fr0m this engine it 02111 be obtained by either mising the pressure ab the steam generator und in steam chest 7, 01 by increasing the 0pe11- ings from guides 6 t0 steam chest 7; either Will develop m0re power und Will increase the pressure 0f the exhaust steam 111 01121111- ber 21 which 02111 be ut-i1ized by passing the exhaust steam through exhaust connection 15 t0 pipe 11110 22 Which is connect-ed t0 the valves 015 21 compound cylinder, c011ta111111g valves, driving wheels 211101 blades, the same as tl1e first h1gh pressure cylinder as shown and as I Will hereinafter describe. All the areas thr0ugh the va1vcs, guides and blades Will 100 0f larger area so that W11e11 the steam final]y passes 0ut- 0f the exhaust connection 23 01 the compound cylinder prefembly to a condenser the pressu1e can be reduced at this point to any desired pressure, as the pressure going 11110 exhaust chamber 21 can be regulated as I hzwe just set forth and further, 0ne 01' 11101'e 0f said driving wheels in the fi1st 01' high pressure cylinder 0an be operated und the exhaustfrom the Same 02111 be worked through 0110 01' all 01 the driving Wheels 111 the compound cylinder.

This engine is designed especially t0 give high economy with varying loads. High economy may be obtained ab 0110 quarter, half 01 full load in the following 1110111101. As in the case of a battleship 01 cruiser When rum1ing at 0111y ten knots an 110111, only a suflicient number 0f tl1e driving wheels would be used t0 carry the 101101 ms euch sei; 01 moving blades is supplied by an independent steam chest, an independent sei: 0f guides 211101 each steam chest has its tw0 valves, the primary valve 9, which is operated by an opening, a11c1 closing 021111 that delivers stea1n ab boiler pressure t0 valve 10, which is preferably operated by a 11011 governor, which in the case 0f 21 vessel pitching in a rough sea und the screws starting t0 race these g0ver- 110rs Will quickly close the valves as they am perfectly balanced valves, und these valvcs 02111 be set t0 be c1osed at difierent speeds, so that in the multiple steam chest type 0111y 0 sufiieient number 0f these valves Will close automatically t0 meet the enwrge1wy, suflicient number 0f valves 9 having bee11 opened t0 take ca1e 0f the desired speed. In tl1is 11121111101 I always have boiler pressure operating 011 the 10ad whatever it may be, thereby obtaining economy that 00111101; be 0btained by a pulsating system. If the speed 01: the vessel is increased t0 twenty knots, m0re 0f valves 9 are opening, steam passing f10111 valves 9 to valves 10, und so 011 to the moving blades operating as many sections 0f 13110 moving blades as is necessary f01 the l0ad. Valves 10 2ue 0111y emergency valves t0 prevent racing 0f the engine by a sudden cut-off 0f the 100d. Vith this con1bination this engine is capable 01: producing a l10rse p0wer ab five th0usand working pressu1e 1"10m ]ess th:u1 seven th0usand B. T. s.

I (10 110t confine myself t0 tl1e exact f01111 0f securing b0th the n1oving b1ades und the stationary blades as s110w11 as I migl1t secure my moving blades t0 driving wl1eels 0011- nected t0 the driving shaft by gearing. Preferably I wou1d close the spac0 bet-ween the moving blac1es ab the ends.

VVhat I claim as new 111d desirc t0 sccu1e by Letters Patent is:-

l. A steam turbine engin0 having 0110 01 more ring casings, euch 1'111g casing having a steam chest and spreader guides 101'1110d therein, said guides being connected t0 said steam chests by 0110 sn1all orifice 10 euch guide and said guides having converging nozzles terminating in a ]011g 11zurow n1outh, said guides so formed as t0 spread the steam in a thin sheet ab t110 mouth 0f said guides leading t0 1011g moving blades, said long moving blades, so arranged as t0 101111 longx diverging nozzles between said 1011g moving b1ades, all substantially as s110w11 and described and f0r the purpose sei; f0rth.

2. A steam turbine engine having 0110 01 more 1ing casings, each ring casing having a steam chest and spreader guides forme therein, said guides being connected t0 said steam chests by 0ne small orifice t0 each guide and said guides having converging nozzles terminating in a, long narrow mouth, said guides so formed as to spread the steam in a thin sheet ab the mouth of said guides leading t0 long moving blades, said long moving blades so arranged as t0 form 10ng diverging nozzles between said long moving 10 blades the exhaust 0f which is connected to a York and Stute 0f New York this-27th day 15 0f Mary A. D. 1910.

' ELLIS F. EDGAR. VVitnesses:

I. B. EDGAR, R. B. EDGAR.

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