US980108A - Apparatus for evaporating solutions - Google Patents

Description

S. M. LILLIE. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING SOLUTIONS. APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 3, 1907.

vwn on Patented Deo. 27, 1910. v

'UNITED STATESA ylarniar OFFICE.

SAMUEL IVIOIRRJISv LILLIE, OF PIHIILIADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Arrnmirus ron nvAroRATiNe soLUrroNs Specification of Letters luttent. i y Original application :tiled April 20, 1907, Serial No. 369,248.v 'Divided and thisV application led October 3,

v Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

1907. serial No. 395,790.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL MORRIS LI'L- LIE, of the city and county of Philadelphia `and State of Pennsylvania, have invente an e Improvement in Apparatus for Evaporating Solutions, of which the following is a specication.

tain improvements which are fully in the following specification an shown in the accompanying drawing, which forms a` part thereof. p l.

This application is a division of myapplication Serial No. 369,248,11ed April Jv20th,

1907, and is `restricted to the apparatus'gfor carryin y on the -method or process forming' the subJct matter of the said application..

The object of my invention ,1s toutilize thel hot waste gases or products of combustion from furnaces of boilers and otherl apparatus for producing a lpreliminary .heating of the fluid to be evaporated priory to its final treatment in a multiple 'effect or other ,evap- 25Vorating or' concentrating apparatus, whereby the caloric of said waste gases or productsgof combustion or matters held in suspension'or in gaseous form may be extracted and absorbed vinto the solution to be evaporated oryconcentrated. e. QQ e My invention comprehend? apparatus in which is carried on a method of treating the".

liquor in which it iscaused to shower or spray through hot gasesl or products of combustion from-the furnace of a boiler or other apparatus and become heated by directl contact lwith them, and subsequentlyl treated lto `evap` oration by indirect heating. `My apparat-us makes use of the said hot gases or .productsof combustion to lfurther heat .theaforesaid directly heated liquor by indirect heating: as in the first stage'in the ysubsequent evapr oration or concentration. e

Myl apparatusis further adapted to utilize the sprayed Vliquor upon hot gases charged with matters in suspension or in gaseous .form to extract the `said matters and lalso the heat., and subsequently to subject the charged solution so produced tov further heating or to concentration as in a multiplev effectl evaporating apparatus. My invention also speclfically consistsof apparatus in which to J -practice the said" method and comprising a vertical flue through which thehot gases or products ofy I combustion are caused to pass upwardly,

combined with means for causing a downwardly traveling s ray of 'fluid (through the flue) to be evaporated, and an evaporatlng apparatus for subjecting the directly heated yiqjlor to an indirect further heatlng or evaporation by the same hot gases or products of combustion.

` My invention also ,comprehends details of `construction which, together with .the features above set forth, will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which is shown apparatus, more orless dia ramlmatically, partl in section and party in elevation, embo ying my invention.

A represents an apparatus, such as a steam boiler, from which hot gases and products of combustion are secured, said gases and products passing through flue B, thence through the evaporating tubes N of :an evaporator C, then into a chamber D and from which they pass upwardly through the flue E to the atmosphere. If desired, a :forced draft may be maintained by an exhaust fan F at the u per end of the flue E, which fan may discharge into the atmosphere. The boiler or other apparatus A is p rovided with any of the usual furnaces or means for producing hot waste products of combustion or gases of any description.

The evaporator C consists of aI chamber` having aseries of evaporating tubes N .over which the .liquor to belevaporated is caused to pass in spray or streams. Said liquor-may be sup-plied by a feed pipe L to aperforated pan M within the chamber' and above the'tubes N.` The hot vapors pass off at the top of the chamber by pipe S and the yliquor may be drawn od from thebottom by a pipe O. l

The chamber D has adwell J at its bottom to collect the descending liquor from the vertical lflue E; and from this well the liquor is delivered by a pump K to the evaporator C by the plpe L, through afilter `W, 1f desired.

The vertical flue E may be made in any suitable manner, of sheet metal or other-V wise, and is' provided with a series of baille lplates I,`preferably .made in the form ot` way across the flue. Inthjs way a circui- .touspassage is provided `for-the upward passage of the hot gases and products of com bustion as indicated by the arroWs,'-and lthe liquor to bel evaporated or condensedis.

caused. to flow downward in a dense .showerf asv indicated by fthe'j" dotted` lines. 'Such liquor as is not `vapori `zed passes into the well J at' ther bottom vci? thefiiue E and. is subsequently subjected to Jfurthertreatment. l The exhauster LI 1`;Iria ybefoit any .suitable construction. i By it use tli'espray of liquorin the flue E may 'bevery' dense and a rapid circulation {oi` noty gases and products of combustion be maintained through it. If a tall chimney]l is 1 available itis-possible -to dispense `vizitlrtlie exhaust'er, but I prefer lit A y vin most casesaflhe cooled gases pass from ythe exhauster at'Gi v In addition to evaporating the liquor by the ve'l-aporator C, further evaporation may be carried `on bythe evaporatmg apparatus P which may' be-a'single ormultiple veii'ect apparatus' as preferred. In the illustration I have shown diagrammatically a'quadruple eiectto which the hot vliquor' from the evaporator C issupplied by pipe IO to' the first eectof the series and after concentra-v` tion, isfdel ivered by pipe R from, the lastv eiectlqs-The-vaporspass from eiiect to effect in"th usual manner and the vapors from the ylast effect of the series are` condensed bythecondenserQ.;y 1

From an examination"ofl the arrangement of the parts of the apparatus' as va whole it y is evident that thelevaporating a paratus C lis by direct contact with may be considered as thefirst `e 'e'ct of the entire evaporating apparatus 'though the heating is .not done by condensation o f steam "asin the It will be observed that the iirst heating and evaporation of thel liquor in -the flue E the lheating Inediuin, and subsequent heating and concentration by indirect heating, vfirst by iiues heated by hot non-condensable gasesv and products of combustion and iinally by indirect heating by hot condensable' vapors suchas'steam- The ordinary vutilization of my invention in heating and evaporatingwater and for concentrating solutions will be apparent` from ,the foregoing explanations. .I will,

' however,state a specic use of my invention in-which not only heating and evaporation' with concentration takes place but alsoremoval of objectionable substances 'held in suspension,4 said lremoval involving chemical reaction and subsequent filtration.

In the production ofbeet sugar 'my ap-` paratus may be used as follows The alkaline or lime treated beet'juices are'sprayed downwardthrough the flue E and are therein simultaneously cated and subjectedto the action of the carbonic acid of the gases. Carbonate oflime: isso produced and is carried downwith the' juices and held in suspensionin' the liquor. The lime is in this way placed in a condition by which it may pumped by pump K through the `filter W and delivered by pipe L to 'the evaporator and subsequently passes by pipe O tov'the multiple ei'lect evaporating 'apparatus P yin ber-removed by filtration. The liquoris then which it is concentrated, 'The liquor is free from suspended matters liquor in ne condition for concentration but scale producing substances are kept out of the eva-porating apparatus. -This example of lthe use of my invention showsfthat notv only may it be employed for evaporation and also concentration, but also -for elimination of suspended matters` and matters A in `gaseous form, the latter 'being` throughv apparent to those by this apparatus I am enabled -t/o dispense entirely with the necessity of" an external after passing. through the filter so that'not only is the myinvention-n the v means for raisingthe liquor to be concentrated'to a high degree oftemper'atur'e` before theA final concentration inv steam heated single or multiple effect apparatus; further,

source of steam.' -Secondly, my apparatus products held in suspension or in gaseous form and subsequently concentrating the said washing solution for obtaining the matjter so extracted.

There are many uses for my improvedap -paratus and hence I do not restrictmyself to anyspecial application of my invention, they application being merely a secondary 'matten "It is evident that', if desired, the liquor inthe evaporator or heater C may be main,-

Imay be employed for washing hot gases of 'l tained above the -level of the tubes s o as to be in direct contact therewith instead of. allowing to flow over the tubes as herein beforedescri-bed'.

The apparatus shown' is only'int'ende'd as an illustration .o'f the` combination of elements making up a s tructureadapted for the proper. carrying out of my improved method of-'heatin'g and evaporating, and for 120.

utilizing the* products of combustion from boilers and the like forheating and treating a liquid, and for concentrating the same by evaporation, and I do not confine or restrict myself to the details thereof.

HavingV now describedv my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Paten'q'isrl. In;l apparatus for treating liquids, the combination of a vertical flue receiving hot gases of'combustion processes at the bottom,

a liquid supply4 pipe entering the flue near I passing to the flue, positively acting means ing it.

for circulatingthe` liquor from the flue to the means for further heating it, and a filter through Which the liquid passes before being delivered to the means for further heat- 2. In apparatus for treating liquids, the

combination of a flue through .which hot gases from combustive or chemical combinations are assed means for s ra 1n l1 uol.`

downward upon the gases when passing upward vthrough the flue, 4an evaporator having tubes heated by the hot frases, and means for collecting the sprayed liquor in its heated condition and supplying it to the evaporator tubes in the Vform of s ray whereby it may be heated in contact with the tubes thereof. 3. In apparatus for treating liquids, the

f combination of a flue through which hot gases are passed, means for spraying liquor upon the gases when passing through the flue and thereby transferring the heat of the gases lto -the liquor, an evaporator heated by the hot gases, means for collecting the sprayed liquor in its heated condition and suppl ing 1t to the evaporator-.whereby it may e further heated and provide a hot vapor, and a multiple effect evaporating aparatus receiving the hot vapors and utiliz- 111g .them as the heating medium.

4. In apparatus for treating liquids, the combination of a vertical flue recelving hot gases. at the bottom, a liquid supply pipe entering the flue near its top', means Within the4 flue for intimately commingling the gases and liquid during the passage of the liquor to the bottom, means for further heati ing the liquor by the heat of the hot gases before passing to the flue, and positively acting means forcirculating the liquor from thfe ilue t-o the means for further heating it.

5. In apparatus for treating liquids, the

combination of a vertical flue receiving hot gases at the bottom, said gases being from a source other than the liquor to be treated, an exhauster at the top of the flue for drawing the hot gases through it, a liquid supply pipe entering the flue near its. top, means within the flue for producing a dense spray for intimately commingling the gases and liquid during the passage of the liquid to the bottom, means independent of'the vertical flue for further heating the'liquor by the heat of the hot gases before passing to the flue, and positively acting means for circulating the liquor from the bottom of the flue to the means for further heating it.

6. In apparatus for treating liquids, the combination of a 4flue through which hot waste gases pass said gases being from a source other than the liquor to be treated, means for spraying liquor through the iuc in contact with the hot gases to absorb the heat thereof, means for producing ay hot vapor from the heated liquor, multiple effect evaporating apparatus for concentrating theof heat, and means for positively circulatin f the heated liquor from the liuc to the mu tiple eHect evaporating apparatus.

7. In apparatus for treatin liquids, the combination of means for heatlng liquor by direct intimate contact With hot products of combustion, a multiple effect evaporating apparatus, and means for supplying both the liquor and hot vapors thereof after being heated bythe Waste products of combustion to the multiple effect apparatus whereby the liquor is supplied in a hot condition and is concentrated b its own hot vapors.

In testimony of W ich invention, I have hereunto set my hand.

. S. MORRIS LILLIE.

Witnesses:

R. M. HUNTER, R. M. KELLY.

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