US976931A - Coke-oven and door therefor. - Google Patents

Description

1j. QW. c. SGHN'IBWIND. L GOKOVEN AND DOOR THEBEPOB. Alrmomon FILED 00194, 1907.

5 muted N0v.29,1910.

" .Be it known that. I, FREDERIC NVQ-C'.

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To all mog/"concern: A I

' SCHNIEWIND, a citizen of the United States sary it can be' readily of America, residing in the city, county, and

State of New York, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvementin Coke-Ovens and Doors T herefor, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being' had to the accompanying drawings',

-.which form afpart thereof.

` The present invention ;`relates to the-construction and arrangementA of the vcokin retort-s or chambers yof' cokmg' ovens, -an

particularlyto the construction and arrangei mentof the removable wall portions or l doors throughwhichthe rctorts, are charged and discharged.

One object of the-present inyentionbis'ito,

provide a simple and effective oven' door construction so arranged' that when necesremoved-and can be readily put vback an sealed in place, and

Awhich when sealed in place s erves.to effec- -tuall'y close the doorway agalnstiair or .gas

leakage and toinsulate theeoking ,chamber provisionof a suitable follower which is preferably formed by or connected .to' one of the ldoors ofthe coking retort and which' is arranged to bear against; the coking body or charge during the coking operation and thereby improve either the coke formed or the vol ati-le products recovered, or preferably to improve both the coke and the-'volatile components of the -coking operation. The

' follower may improve the coke by compress-.

ing the charge during thecolring operation and thereby producing a denser and .more uniform grade ofcoke. Byuserving as a displacing agent the follower may prevent the formation of spaces in the-.hot portions ofv the retort in which the 'volatile products would otherwise collectfand stagnate more or less. The cracking of the hydrocar-1 bons resulting from their long exposure to high temperatures which is thus avoided re' l sults in a material increase in the value of' thevolatile, products-recovered in the coking operation.

The -yarious features Aof novelty .whichV characterize the invention are pointed out with' articular-ity in the claims'annexed to and orniing'a part of this specification. For a betterun erstanding of the invention, however, reference may be had to the specification 'of Letters rate-nt..

Application ld October 24:,- 1907. Serial No. 398,904.

'oven structure, and A atenteauov.- 29, 1910.

accompanying drawings l. and descriptive f matter in whichseveral forms of the ap paratus embodying the invention 4are illus-4 tratedand described. s

Of the `drawin Figure I is a sectional 4elevation of 'a co e oven through a coking door construction, and Fig. 4 is a section taken similarly to Fig. 2 showing the modified door' of Fig.4 3 in place.

.'In the drawings, and referring first to the constructions shown in F igs. l and 2, A

representsthe fire-brick walls of thevcoke shell. -The masonry may be supported in any suitable manner, though preferably, by the metal loorbeamsAz'and columns A3. In1the walls A are formed one or more coking retorts or. chambers B,each of which v in the form shown is long and deep but narrow. The retortsmay be heated in any y,suitable manner, as'by heating lues B at the sides of the retorts, which maybe ,con-v nected at their upper and lower ends with -burner ehambersj2 and with passages B3 running to regenerative chambers, as described and claimed in' application Serial No. 398,902 filed of even date herewith.

The retorts 'B in thepstructure shown are Acharged with coal through their upper ends,

and the coke formed is discharged through theA lower ends offthe 'retorts On this ac count each retort is provided with a removable top wall or door. and a removable bottom-wall or door. The top wall or door comprises a body C of heat resisting and insulating material, such as hollow fire-brick,

a masonry inclosing tile, or the like, and a metal cap piece or frame C. In the form' shown, longitudinal vgrooves C2 areformed in the tile in which enter the flanged members C3 of the member C', .thus effectual-1y securing the parts 'together. The member'C is also rovided with a 'depending ange portion or trough'formed between the upwardly extending ribst E'. .formed on the metal -rim member E which surrounds the upperend of the retort B. The member C* and the member E and its ribs E' thus unite to form a seal which may be packed with any suitable material.

4 which enters-telescopic fasluon'the space, groove,

The .top doo;` is provided on its upper the c oals vwith thirty `of the part D is provided with l of the yokes F* sides with perforated ears 05, which may be enga ed by suitable operating devices when dcbor is to be lifted into or out of place. The bottom door comprises an inner part D which extends to the upper edges of chambers B2 and may be substantially like the part C, and an under metal supporting art- D on whichthe part D rests 'and may lie secured by any suitable means as lugs D entering recesses in the tile or brick part D.

body of the member D and the bottom plate D* form the trough into which the flan e. F of the rim F projects to form the seal. ach bottom door may be held in lace by any 4suitable means,- as for instance y the actuated bolts or rack bars F2 sliding' .in guides Fs to engage and disengage the ends the door.

The .mechanism 'for raising and lowering the walls or doors C and D in charging and discharging the retort forms no partv of the present invention and for that reason ls'not illustratedv .or described herein.

In operation, when the oven is around i z'` the colte in itis ready to be discharged, the ower door is removed and the coke s o formed is discharged in a pro er manner; the door is then replaced and t e seal completed by inserting the aching material in the space between 'the ribs D. The upper door 1s then 'removed and the charge of coal. to be coked is inserted and compacted up to the desired level. -After this is .done the cover or door is replaced and its seal iscom;l pleted. by the insertion of the ackingmate-l rial between Vthe vribs E., 'lBhe height to which the retort is filled will'depend on'the character of the-coal com ing .the charge. Some coals contractl` in co while others' expand, the che vein; bulk' depe the amount. of latile matter in Goals with less than twenty?. volatile matter nd" on ation. reent. of expand materially, while 15o-thirty veper cent. of volatile matter shrink very considerably. On this account the retort should be filled with expanding coal to such a height that the expansion will not break the seal by carrying the flan e C* bovethe tops of the ribs E', and witi shrinking coal to such a height that the flange `C will not en age the rim member ,E to thereby hold the weight of the door oi the char e.

While by making the ribs C* and E" of suitable height a considerable variation in hulk of the charge cake can be taken care of, with coals 'which 'change greatly in'bulk such as those containing high amounts of".

.volatilejmatter 'where the-change in bulli.

is most' marked, thetop door.construction showri 1n Figs. 3 -and 4; may preferably bjef' 'employed In this constructlon a suppleth-rougl1,the cap piece The bottom door, however, a flange D3 which with the` pinion" 'coal dust secured tothe under side of escape tosuitable reservoirs or some volatile above the hot part mental cap Cs is secured to the tile body C,

and carries rods CGV which pass freely C', und have eyes C' at their upper ends for engagement by the operating devices. With this arrangement the ca piece C remains stationary Whlle the bo y Grises or falls with the top of the charge. '-With this constructionas with the bottom flanges need overlap only enough to an eil'ective seal;

flanges do .not move ment, as is the case with Vthe bottom door and door in any case, the telescoping.

Where the overlappingl after the initial adJustwith the top door of Figsf and 4, the-seal. I

packing may be formed'. of any suitable liquid, pulverized material, such as sand or terial. f course, flanges or ribshave ing the cokln rial must be where the overlapping g operation the packing mate"- will not break the seal. In, any event the operation of packing theseals is a simple and inexpensiveone. The sealing troughs can be readily cleaned after each seal break? ing, and the masonry walls are not injured bythe adherence to as has frequently been .the case with oven door constructions heretofore used.

In the oven lshown the volatile'products through vthe inclined 'vents B walls ofthe retort 'the lower vents being protected against'c ogging .by tl'ief coal by means ofthe forebays B6; .As the cover body .C rests on the top of thecharge vand pracin the e'nd tically fills the upperend of 'the retort there' 1s nospace in the'retort'- in which the volatile` products. can collect, consequently' as the are given olf from the coal they pass at hig velocity along the -walls of the retort to the escape vents and are not'overheated.

' .As shown the movable follower portion or body C o the upper wallv or door 1s made of substantial depth `or thickness .measured in a vertical direction, 'and in practice -I lime or clay, or other `luting marelative movement dursochosen thattlie movement them of luting material A l receptacles make the .vertical dimension .of the follower C great enough so'that when the-retort is roperly charged, the upper ortion ofthe 4 ody C will be maintained t roughout the entire coking operation at a level not below that of the top passages B3, so that while iroducts may `accumulate such accumulation is well of the retort .walls which terminates 'practically with the level ofthe passages 7B". The' weightof the top door above the body 'machanically- Well-constructed toserve as the movable walls of a horizontally elongatedi or the follower portion of it should ofcourse against the surface of the cokilw body durretort of largecapacity which is charged through its upper ends along its entire length and from which the coke formed may be moved out in an unbroken cake.

Nospecific claim is made herein to the special features of construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4, as those features are claimed specifically in Iny eopendingapplieation Serial No, 437,094, tiled June 6th 1908, as a division of this application. l i

Having noW described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters `Patent is:

1. In combination, a coke ovenhaving a eoking chamber provided With'vents for the escape of the volatile constituents of the charge coked, and means acting automatically as the charge changes in volume to prevent the formation of a space or spaces m the high temperaturel portion of said chamber in which the volatile constituents can collect and remain stagnant.

2. In combination, a coke 'oven having a eoking chamber provided with vents for the escape of the volatile constituents of the charge coked, and meansfor preventing the formation of a relatively stagnant .body of such volatile constituents in the high tenipeinturev portion of said chamber, said means conxprising a movable follower held ing the coking operation, said follower being ofsuch horizontal and vertical dimensionsas to substantially fill the high telnperature portion of the up ier end of the coliing chambernot occupie by the charge being coke'd.

` 3. In combination, a coke oven structure having a eoking chamber' and a movable top Wall tor said chamber comprising an outer sealing portion and an inner portion of re fraetory material which substantially fills the upper end of said retort and bears on the charge and is free to rise or fall with the charge as tlie latter expandsor shrinks during the coking operation.

In combination, a coke oven having a coking chamber' provided with vents for the escape of the volatile constituents of the charge coked, said vents being formed at different levels in each end wall of the retort, and Imeans for preventing the forma-` tion' of a relatively stagnant body of such volatile constituents in the high .tempera ture portion of said chamber, said means` comprising a movable follower held against.A

the surface of the coking body during the eoking operation, said `follower being ot such horizontal and vertical dimensions as to substantiallyY till the high temperature portion of the upper'end ofthe coking chamber not occupled by the charge being cokcd.

FREDERIC W. C. SCHNIEWIND.'

Witnesses:

Ronrzar C. MnTcALrn, D. WV. KINCAID.

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